湖北省十堰市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期元月調(diào)研考試英語試卷

十堰市2024年高三年級元月調(diào)研考試英語滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上，并將考號條形碼貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無效。3.非選擇題用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將答案直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.HowmanybookshasFionareceived?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Climbingupahill.B.Havingarest.C.Waitingforsomeone.3.WhywasCarlatthehospital?A.Hewasmeetingadoctor.B.Hewaslookingafterhiswife.C.Hewasvisitinghisdaughter.4.Whatistheproblemwiththeman?A.Hecan’tseethesignclearly.B.Hehasnoticketforthemovie.C.Hehasparkedinawrongplace.5.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.TheweatherofParis.B.Apieceofnews.C.Aterribleaccident.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Motherandson.7.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMs.Patty?A.Sheisresponsible.B.Sheisstrict.C.Sheishumorous.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whichfamilyholidayprogrammedoesthemanremend?A.Theoneonthe18th.B.Theoneonthe19th.C.Theoneonthe20th.9.Wherewillthewomanprobablygo?A.France.B.Spain.C.Greece.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdidSusandorightbeforetheconversation?A.Shevisitedherbrother.B.ShecalledJohnReeves.C.Shetouredthepany.11.WhatdoesSusanthinkofthepany?A.It’sbig.B.It’sfamous.C.It’scrowded.12.WhoisMichael?A.John’sboss.B.Tara’shusband.C.Susan’sbrother.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdidthemanlose?A.Hisphone.B.Hiscreditcard.C.Hisdrivinglicense.14.Whydoesthewomanagreetotheman’srequest?A.Hereservesthehotelincash.B.HeshowsthewomanhisIDcard.C.Heprovidestwoformsofidentification.15.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Lookforhispassport.B.Putawayhiscreditcard.C.Reportthesituationtothebank.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inahotel.C.Atapolicestation.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whenwilltheeventbeheld?A.FromJanuary10thtoFebruary12th.B.FromJanuary12thtoFebruary10th.C.FromJanuary12thtoFebruary12th.18.Howmuchshouldacouplewithachildof8payfortheirentrance?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.19.Whicheventisnewthisyear?A.Aflowershow.B.Afancydressexhibition.C.Anicesculptureexhibition.20.Wherewillthefoodshopsbe?A.Nexttotheentrance.B.Inthecenterofthesite.C.Besidetheamusementrides.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyouenjoyeatingThaifoodinrestaurantsandatstreetsidestalls,goonestepfurtherandlearnhowtomakeitinthisfuncookingclass.You’llstartwithamarketvisit,soyoucanpickthebestingredientsandlearnwhatyouneedtopreparethebestfood.Then,gettoworkinpreparingyourownmultidishfeast,withthehelpofyourinstructor.You’lllearntipsandtricksthatyoucanreplicate(復(fù)制)laterathome.HighlightsoftheclassSeehowThaishopsbyvisitingalocalmarketfirst.Allequipment,ingredients,andrefreshments(茶點)areincluded.Receiveprintedrecipessoyoucanmakethesedishesagainlater.WhattoexpectEnjoyhandsonexperienceofthesmallgroupThaicookingclass.Visitthenearbylocalmarkettogetsomefreshingredients.LearnhowtoprepareandcooktraditionalThaifoodwithourcharminglocalThaiinstructor.AdditionalinformationMinimumageis13yearsold.Thistour/activitywillhaveamaximumof7travelers.Notremendedforparticipantswithback/legsproblems.Pleasebeadvisedthatmenuisdecidedbytheinstructorpriortothedateoftravel.Ifcapacityisfullorlimitedstaff,unannouncedextrapersonsmaybeaskedtoleave.Pleasewearclosedtoe/heelshoesthatyoudon’tmindgettingdirty.Themarketisalittlebitwetandmuddy.Whenmakingyourbooking,pleaseinformusofanydietaryrequirements,suchasvegetarian(素食者).Arrivinganhourlateresultinanoshow(失約)andtheparticipantwillnotbeabletoparticipateintherestoftheclass1.Whatwilllearnersdofirstfortheclass?A.Visitalocalmarket. B.Makeafeast.C.Printrecipes. D.Buyequipment.2.HowdotheparticipantslearntocookThaifood?A.ByobservingThaishops.B.Bytryingdishesfrequently.C.Bygettingactivelyinvolved.D.Bycooperatingwithclassmates.3.Whatifaparticipantarriveanhourlate?A.He/Shehastoreportitinadvance.B.He/Shewillbeaskedtoexplainatonce.C.He/Shehastomakeupforthelosttime.D.He/Shewillbedisqualifiedfromtheclass.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是一個學(xué)習(xí)如何制作泰國菜的有趣的課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Highlightsoftheclass部分中的“SeehowThaishopsbyvisitingalocalmarketfirst.(先去當(dāng)?shù)氐氖袌隹纯刺﹪耸侨绾钨徫锏摹?”可知，該課程的亮點是先去看看泰國人如何購物的，也就是參觀一下當(dāng)?shù)氐氖袌?。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whattoexpect部分中的“EnjoyhandsonexperienceofthesmallgroupThaicookingclass.(享受小團(tuán)體泰國烹飪課的親身體驗。)”可知，該課程是親身體驗泰國烹飪課，由此可知，參與者是能過積極參與其中學(xué)習(xí)做泰國菜的。故選C項。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Additionalinformation部分中的“Arrivinganhourlateresultinanoshow(失約)andtheparticipantwillnotbeabletoparticipateintherestoftheclass.(遲到一小時將導(dǎo)致缺席，參與者將無法參加剩余的課程。)”可知，如果遲到一小時，參與者將無法參加剩余的課程，由此可知，遲到一小時將被取消上課資格。故選D項。BWhenBelquerfirstjoinedateamtomakeabetterlivemusicexperiencefordeafandhardofhearingpeople,hewasstruckbyhowtheyhaddevelopedworkaroundstoenjoyconcerts.“Whattheyweredoingatthetimewasholdingballoonstofeelthevibrations(震動)throughtheirfingers,”Belquersaid.Hethoughttheteamcouldmakesomethingtohelphardofhearingpeopleenjoylivemusicevenmorewiththetechnologynowavailable.Belquer,whoisalsoamusicianandtheaterartist,isnowthe“ChiefVibrationalOfficer”ofMusic:NotImpossible,whichusesnewtechnologytoaddresssocialissueslikepovertyanddisabilityaccess.Histeamstartedbytyingvibratingdifferentcellphonemotorstobodies,butthatdidn’tquitework.Thevibrationswereallthesame.Eventually,theyworkedwithengineerstodevelopalighthaptic(觸覺的)suitwithatotalof24vibratingplates.Thereare20ofthemtiedtoavestthatfitstightlyaroundthebodylikeahikingbackpack,plusonethattiestoeachwristandankle.Whenyouwearthesuit,it’ssurprisinghowitfeels.ThevibrationsaremixedbyahapticDJwhocontrolsthelocation,frequencyandintensityoffeelingacrossthesuits,justasamusicDJmixessoundsinanartfulway.“Whatwe’redoingisselectingandmixingwhatwewantandsendittodifferentpartsofthebody,”saidtheDJ.Thehapticsuitswerejustoneponentoftheevent.TherewereAmericanSignLanguageinterpreters;themusicwascaptionedonascreenonthestage.Thesuitsarethestarattraction.LilyLipman,whohasauditoryprocessingdisorder,litupwhenaskedaboutherexperience.“It’scool,becauseI’mneverquitesureifI’mhearingwhatotherpeoplearehearing,soit’samazingtogetthemusicinmybody.”4.WhatsurprisedBelqueraboutpeoplewithhearingproblems?A.Thewaytheyenjoyedmusic.B.Theattitudetheyheldtolife.C.Thelovetheyhadforballoons.D.Thefrequencytheyvibratedfingers.5.Whydidtheteam’sinitialattemptfail?A.Themotorswerethesame.B.Thevibrationslackedvariety.C.Themotorshardlyworked.D.Thevibrationswereirregular.6.WhatdidtheDJdo?A.Heinterpretedthesignlanguage.B.Hecaptionedthemusiconstage.C.Heselectedsuitsfortheattendees.D.Hehelpedpeoplefeelthemusic.7.WhatdoesLilyLipmanthinkofthesuit?A.forting. B.Challenging. C.Satisfying. D.Encouraging.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述了音樂家兼戲劇藝術(shù)家Belquer和其團(tuán)隊利用現(xiàn)有技術(shù)制作一個套裝來幫助聽力障礙人士更好地享受現(xiàn)場音樂。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenBelquerfirstjoinedateamtomakeabetterlivemusicexperiencefordeafandhardofhearingpeople,hewasstruckbyhowtheyhaddevelopedworkaroundstoenjoyconcerts.(當(dāng)Belquer第一次加入一個為聾啞人和聽力障礙人士提供更好的現(xiàn)場音樂體驗的團(tuán)隊時，他對他們?nèi)绾蜗氤鱿硎芤魳窌淖兺ǚ椒ǜ械秸痼@。)”可知，Belquer對聽障人士想出的享受音樂的方法而震驚，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Histeamstartedbytyingvibratingdifferentcellphonemotorstobodies,butthatdidn’tquitework.Thevibrationswereallthesame.(他的團(tuán)隊首先將不同的振動電機(jī)綁在身體上，但這并不太奏效。振動都是一樣的。)”可知，他的團(tuán)隊最初的嘗試失敗了，這是因為震動都是一樣的，即缺乏多樣性，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThevibrationsaremixedbyahapticDJwhocontrolsthelocation,frequencyandintensityoffeelingacrossthesuits,justasamusicDJmixessoundsinanartfulway.“Whatwe’redoingisselectingandmixingwhatwewantandsendittodifferentpartsofthebody,”saidtheDJ.(振動由觸覺DJ混合，他控制著套裝中感覺的位置、頻率和強(qiáng)度，就像音樂DJ以巧妙的方式混合聲音一樣?！拔覀冋谧龅木褪沁x擇并混合我們想要的東西，并將其發(fā)送到身體的不同部位，”DJ說)”可知，DJ選擇并混合想要的東西，并將其發(fā)送到身體的不同部位，以此來幫助人們感受音樂。由此可推知，DJ幫助人們感受音樂，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中LilyLipman所說的話“It’scool,becauseI’mneverquitesureifI’mhearingwhatotherpeoplearehearing,soit’samazingtogetthemusicinmybody.(這很酷，因為我永遠(yuǎn)不確定我是否聽到了其他人聽到的聲音，所以讓音樂進(jìn)入我的身體真是太棒了。)”可推知，LilyLipman對這個套裝是滿意的，故選C。CForsomeclimatechallenges,therearerelativelystraightforwardfixes.Forexample,renewableenergysourcescanalreadyreplacemuchoftheenergyneededtopowerbuildings,carsandmore.There’snosubstituteforfood,butshiftingwhatweeatispossible.Ifeveryoneontheplanetatevegetables,greenhousegasemissionsfromthefoodsystemcouldbecutbymorethanhalf;aplanetofvegetarianswouldreducefoodemissionsbytwothirds.Ifwestoppedconsumingconventionalfoodandreliedonalabgrownnutritionalfoodinsteadofsoilorwaterproducedfood,wecouldpreventabout1degreecentigradeoffuturewarming,accordingtoarecentpaperthatconsideredtheuniquethoughtexperiment.“Whatthisworksaysis:Hey,look,wecanstillgetprettybigwinsevenifwe’renotmakingthesereallybigchangesindietaryposition,saysClark.“Ithinkthat’sreallypowerful,becausealotofpeoplejustdon’twanttomakethosereallybigdietarychanges,formanyreasons.WhilevegetariandietsarebeingmoremonintheUSandEurope,it’sabsolutelyridiculoustoassumethateveryonewillbeeatingavegetariandiet30yearsfromnow,”hesays.Foodchoicesarepersonal,deeplyconnectedtoculture,religion,emotion,economicconcernsandsomuchmore.“Ratherthandictatehowtodo,it’smuchbettertotrytogivechoice,”saysNaglaa,afood,nutritionandenvironmentresearcheratTuftsUniversity.Thisapproachaimstoinformpeoplesothattheycanmakechoicesthatcorrespondwiththeirneedsandvalues.Asawhole,thosechoicescanbenefitbothhumanhealthandtheplanet.Forthattohappenwouldrequireworkingalongsidelargescaleeffortstoreshapeindustrialfoodproduction.“Butwhatpeoplechoosetoeatdailyisfarfrominsignificant,”saysClark.“Wedon’tallhavetobeevegetariansovernight.Smallchangescanmakebigimpacts.”8.Howdoestheauthorshowtheeffectsofdietarychanges?A.Byansweringquestions. B.Bylistingfigures.C.Byanalyzingthereasons. D.Byusingaquotation.9.What’sClark’sattitudetowardssmalldietarychanges?A.Indifferent. B.Skeptical. C.Negative. D.Favorable.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dictate”inparagraph4mean?A.Perceive. B.Refuse. C.mand. D.Describe.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowsmallchangestoourdietcanbenefittheplanetB.RenewableenergysourcescanreducegasemissionsC.SmallchangesinlifechoicescanmakebigimpactsD.Labgrownnutritionalfoodcouldpreventfuturewarming【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了氣候變化的一些挑戰(zhàn)，以及如何通過改變飲食習(xí)慣來應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“There’snosubstituteforfood,butshiftingwhatweeatispossible.Ifeveryoneontheplanetatevegetables,greenhousegasemissionsfromthefoodsystemcouldbecutbymorethanhalf;aplanetofvegetarianswouldreducefoodemissionsbytwothirds.Ifwestoppedconsumingconventionalfoodandreliedonalabgrownnutritionalfoodinsteadofsoilorwaterproducedfood,wecouldpreventabout1degreecentigradeoffuturewarming,accordingtoarecentpaperthatconsideredtheuniquethoughtexperiment.(食物沒有替代品，但改變我們的飲食是可能的。如果地球上的每個人都吃蔬菜，糧食系統(tǒng)的溫室氣體排放量可以減少一半以上；一個素食主義者的星球?qū)p少三分之二的食物排放。根據(jù)最近的一篇論文，考慮到這個獨特的思想實驗，如果我們停止食用傳統(tǒng)食品，依靠實驗室種植的營養(yǎng)食品，而不是土壤或水生產(chǎn)的食品，我們可以防止未來約1攝氏度的變暖)”可知，作者通過列舉一系列食物改變后的數(shù)據(jù)來展示飲食變化的影響。故選B項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Butwhatpeoplechoosetoeatdailyisfarfrominsignificant,”saysClark.“Wedon’tallhavetobeevegetariansovernight.Smallchangescanmakebigimpacts.”(“但是人們每天選擇吃什么絕非無關(guān)緊要，”克拉克說。“我們不需要一夜之間都成為素食主義者。小的改變可以產(chǎn)生大的影響。”)”可知，克拉克認(rèn)為小的改變可以產(chǎn)生大的影響，所以是支持的。故選D項。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Foodchoicesarepersonal,deeplyconnectedtoculture,religion,emotion,economicconcernsandsomuchmore.(食物選擇是個人的，與文化、宗教、情感、經(jīng)濟(jì)問題等等密切相關(guān))”以及后文“it’smuchbettertotrytogivechoice(不如試著給他們選擇)”結(jié)合Ratherthan可知，dictate應(yīng)是和后文的givechoice相對應(yīng)，意思應(yīng)相反，且和食物選擇有關(guān)，所以推知是“與其命令怎么做，不如試著給他們選擇”之意，所以dictate是“命令”之意，和D項意思相近。故選D項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“There’snosubstituteforfood,butshiftingwhatweeatispossible.Ifeveryoneontheplanetatevegetables,greenhousegasemissionsfromthefoodsystemcouldbecutbymorethanhalf;aplanetofvegetarianswouldreducefoodemissionsbytwothirds.Ifwestoppedconsumingconventionalfoodandreliedonalabgrownnutritionalfoodinsteadofsoilorwaterproducedfood,wecouldpreventabout1degreecentigradeoffuturewarming,accordingtoarecentpaperthatconsideredtheuniquethoughtexperiment.(食物沒有替代品，但改變我們的飲食是可能的。如果地球上的每個人都吃蔬菜，糧食系統(tǒng)的溫室氣體排放量可以減少一半以上；一個素食主義者的星球?qū)p少三分之二的食物排放。根據(jù)最近的一篇論文，考慮到這個獨特的思想實驗，如果我們停止食用傳統(tǒng)食品，依靠實驗室種植的營養(yǎng)食品，而不是土壤或水生產(chǎn)的食品，我們可以防止未來約1攝氏度的變暖)”和最后一段““Butwhatpeoplechoosetoeatdailyisfarfrominsignificant,”saysClark.“Wedon’tallhavetobeevegetariansovernight.Smallchangescanmakebigimpacts.”(“但是人們每天選擇吃什么絕非無關(guān)緊要，”克拉克說?！拔覀儾恍枰灰怪g都成為素食主義者。小的改變可以產(chǎn)生大的影響?！?”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了通過改變飲食習(xí)慣來應(yīng)對氣候變化，所以A項“Howsmallchangestoourdietcanbenefittheplanet(飲食上的小小改變能給地球帶來多大的好處)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選A項。DBringingspecieslikebeavers(河貍)backtoEnglandisnolongerapriority,thegovernmentsaidonFridaytocriticismfromwildlifegroups.ArecentreportshowsthatoneinsixUKspeciesareatriskofextinction.InSeptembermorethan60conservationorganisationsreportedasignificantdeclineinspeciesduetoexpansionsinfarmingandtheeffectsofclimatechange.Inrecentyears,animalsandplantshavebeenreintroducedbycharitiesaspartofeffortstorestorethecountry’sreducedbiodiversity.Despitethegovernmentallowingthis,theEnvironment,FoodandRuralAffairsmitteeconcludedinJulythattherewasanabsenceoflongtermplansonhowtomanagethis.Inresponse,thegovernmenthasnowsaidthatthe”reintroductionofspeciesisnotapriority“.Thegovernmentsaiditwasfocusedonincreasingbiodiversitythroughhabitatrestoration.Thegovernment’senvironmentdepartmenthaseunderscrutiny(詳細(xì)審查)fornotdoingmoretopreventsewagedumpingandotherformsofpollutioninEngland’swaterways.SirRobertGoodwill,chairofthemittee,saidhewasdisappointedwiththegovernmentresponse.Bringingbackextinctspeciesisacontroversialissuealthoughfarmersandlandownersappearbroadlysupportive,therearerisksofreintroducingnewspecies,andwithoutclearguidance,problemscouldarise.Arecentstudyshowedthatriverbarrierssimilartothosebuiltbybeaverscanprotectmunitiesatriskofflooding.ButtherehavealsobeencasesdocumentedinEuropewherebeavershavebuilttheirdamsinplacesthathavedamagedcropsandchangedrivers.JoanEdwards,directorofPolicy&PublicAffairsatTheWildlifeTrustssaid,”ReintroducingwildlifemustbepartoftheUKgovernment’sarsenal(武器)fortacklingnaturelossandclimatechangeitisastonishingthereisnostrategyfordoingso.“Thereturnofwildbeaverscanhelptorecreatelostwetlands,withaknockoneffectthatbenefitsotherwildlifeincludinginsects,invertebratesandbirds.Beaversalsoslowtheflowofwater,whichcanreducefloodriskstotownsandvillages,”shesaid.12.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Astudy. B.Adiary. C.Aguide. D.Areport.13.HowdidtheUKgovernmentplantoincreasebiodiversity?A.Byexpandingfarming. B.Byofferingguidance.C.Byrestoringhabitat. D.Bydevelopingstrategy.14.WhatdidJoanEdwardsthinkofreintroductionofwildlife?A.Itwasbeneficial. B.Itwascontroversial.C.Itwasmessy. D.Itwascostly.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofreintroducingwildlife.B.Theresponsestoagovernmentstatement.C.Theeffectsofclimatechangeonfarming.D.Theapproachestoincreasingbiodiversity.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要討論了英國政府關(guān)于重新引入像海貍這樣的物種的立場，以及這一決定受到野生動物團(tuán)體批評的情況。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ArecentreportshowsthatoneinsixUKspeciesareatriskofextinction.InSeptembermorethan60conservationorganisationsreportedasignificantdeclineinspeciesduetoexpansionsinfarmingandtheeffectsofclimatechange.(最近的一份報告顯示，英國六分之一的物種面臨滅絕的風(fēng)險。9月，60多個保護(hù)組織報告稱，由于農(nóng)業(yè)的擴(kuò)張和氣候變化的影響，物種數(shù)量大幅下降)”以及第三段“Despitethegovernmentallowingthis,theEnvironment,FoodandRuralAffairsmitteeconcludedinJulythattherewasanabsenceoflongtermplansonhowtomanagethis.(盡管政府允許這樣做，但環(huán)境、食品和農(nóng)村事務(wù)委員會在7月得出結(jié)論，缺乏如何管理這一問題的長期計劃)”可推理出，本文來自于一個報告，故選D項。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thegovernmentsaiditwasfocusedonincreasingbiodiversitythroughhabitatrestoration(政府表示，其重點是通過棲息地恢復(fù)來增加生物多樣性)”可知，英國政府計劃通過恢復(fù)棲息地增加生物多樣性，故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thereturnofwildbeaverscanhelptorecreatelostwetlands,withaknockoneffectthatbenefitsotherwildlifeincludinginsects,invertebratesandbirds.Beaversalsoslowtheflowofwater,whichcanreducefloodriskstotownsandvillages(野生海貍的回歸有助于重建失去的濕地，并產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)，使包括昆蟲、無脊椎動物和鳥類在內(nèi)的其他野生動物受益。海貍還減緩了水流，這可以降低城鎮(zhèn)和村莊的洪水風(fēng)險)”可推理出，瓊·愛德華茲認(rèn)為野生動物的重新引入是有益的，故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Bringingspecieslikebeavers(河貍)backtoEnglandisnolongerapriority,thegovernmentsaidonFridaytocriticismfromwildlifegroups.(周五，英國政府表示，將海貍等物種帶回英國不再是當(dāng)務(wù)之急，這遭到了野生動物組織的批評)”、第四段“Thegovernmentsaiditwasfocusedonincreasingbiodiversitythroughhabitatrestoration(政府表示，其重點是通過棲息地恢復(fù)來增加生物多樣性)”以及最后一段“Thereturnofwildbeaverscanhelptorecreatelostwetlands,withaknockoneffectthatbenefitsotherwildlifeincludinginsects,invertebratesandbirds.Beaversalsoslowtheflowofwater,whichcanreducefloodriskstotownsandvillages(野生海貍的回歸有助于重建失去的濕地，并產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)，使包括昆蟲、無脊椎動物和鳥類在內(nèi)的其他野生動物受益。海貍還減緩了水流，這可以降低城鎮(zhèn)和村莊的洪水風(fēng)險)”推理出，本文主要圍繞著英國政府最近的聲明，即重新引入海貍等物種不是優(yōu)先事項，以及野生動物團(tuán)體、保護(hù)組織和羅伯特·古德利爵士和瓊·愛德華茲等關(guān)鍵人物隨后的反應(yīng)。它討論了政府對通過棲息地恢復(fù)而不是重新引入物種來增加生物多樣性的立場，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了對此事的不同意見，包括重新引入的好處和潛在風(fēng)險，以及缺乏明確的管理戰(zhàn)略，所以本文主要說的是對政府聲明的反應(yīng)，故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Amongallthedifferentemergencies,thefireaccidentisthemostcriticaloneforwhichyoushouldplan.____16____.Youshouldplanmultipleescaperoutesandkeepfirefightingequipmenthandyincasethereisafire.Besides,youshouldknowwhatactionsshouldbetaken.Herearesometipsforyou.Knowyourwayout.Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddowhenthereisafireistogooutofyourhomeortheofficespacesafely.Thatmeansyouneedtoknowthesafepassagesbeforetheaccidentstakeplace.Itisbettertoknowaboutmorethanonesafepath.____17____Checkthedoors.Placethebackofyourhandagainstthetopandsidesofthedoor,doorknob,andthecrack(縫隙)betweenthedooranddoorframe.____18____.Ifsmokeandheatenter,keepthedoorclosed.____19____.Ifyourescaperouteisfilledwithsmoke,youshouldtrytostaylowtothegroundtoavoidit.Theairaroundthegroundisfilledwithlessamountofpoisonousfumes(煙氣).Remember,duringafireincident,morepeopledieofsmokeinhalationthanfromburns.Callforhelp.Ifyouarestucksomewhereandcan’tseeanywaytoescape,don’thesitatetocallforhelp.____20____Youcanalsocallthepoliceorthefiresafetydepartmentforhelpusingyourmobile.Whilewaiting,usetowels,clothes,orsheetsunderthedoororinthewindowstokeepthesmokeout.A.StaylowB.TrytofindanopeningandsignalforhelpC.Actually,planningisthebasisoffiresafetyD.DonotopenthedoorifitfeelshottothetouchE.Thethreethingsafireneedsareheat,fuelandoxygenF.ThenyoucanchoosetoclosethedoorwhenthefirehappensG.Inthisway,ifthefirestopsonepath,youcantrytheotherone【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.A20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種如何在火災(zāi)時采取行動的建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Amongallthedifferentemergencies,thefireaccidentisthemostcriticaloneforwhichyoushouldplan.(在所有不同的緊急情況中，火災(zāi)事故是最重要的，你應(yīng)該計劃。)”和C項“實際上，計劃是消防安全的基礎(chǔ)”構(gòu)成內(nèi)容上的承接，說明火災(zāi)事故很重要人們應(yīng)該提前計劃，因為計劃是消防安全的基礎(chǔ)。故選C項?！?7題詳解】上文“Itisbettertoknowaboutmorethanonesafepath.(最好知道不止一條安全的路徑)”和G項“這樣，如果火災(zāi)阻斷了一條路，你可以嘗試另一條路”構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，說明最好知道不止一條安全的路徑的原因是如果火災(zāi)阻斷了一條路，你可以嘗試另一條路逃生。故選G項。【18題詳解】上文“Checkthedoors.Placethebackofyourhandagainstthetopandsidesofthedoor,doorknob,andthecrack(縫隙)betweenthedooranddoorframe.(檢查一下門。將手背放在門的頂部和側(cè)面、門把手以及門和門框之間的裂縫(上)?！焙虳項“如果門摸起來很燙，不要打開”構(gòu)成內(nèi)容上的承接，指出檢查門的具體步驟是將手背放在門的頂部和側(cè)面、門把手以及門和門框之間的裂縫上，如果燙手就不要打開門。故選D項?！?9題詳解】下文“Ifyourescaperouteisfilledwithsmoke,youshouldtrytostaylowtothegroundtoavoidit.(如果你的逃生路線充滿了煙霧，你應(yīng)該盡量保持較低的距離以避開煙霧。)”是對A項“維持在低水平”內(nèi)容的解釋說明，解釋了在火災(zāi)時維持在低水平的原因，A項也是對整段內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)，是本段的小標(biāo)題。故選A項?！?0題詳解】上文“Ifyouarestucksomewhereandcan’tseeanywaytoescape,don’thesitatetocallforhelp.(如果你被困在某個地方，看不到任何逃跑的方法，不要猶豫，打求助。)”說明當(dāng)被困又找不到任何逃跑的方法時可以打求助，和B項“試著找到一個開放并有信號的地方求救”構(gòu)成內(nèi)容上的承接，是對打求助內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說明。故選B項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MywifeandIdon’tusuallykeephouseplants.Butaftermydiagnosiswithacancer,Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethingnewand____21____around.MyfriendMitchgavemewhathesaidwasaluckybambooplantinadeepgreenflowerpot.Weplacedthe____22____inthelivingroomwindowacrossfromthecouchwhereIspentmuchoftheday.ItoldmywifeIwantedto____23____theplantmyself.Ifitdidn’timmediatelyturnyelloworloseallitsleaves,Iwaspleasantly____24____Tendingtotheplantgavemeasenseof____25____whenIsometimesfeltuseless.Asthecancerinfluencedthemovementofmylegs,itlimitedmyabilityto____26____,andthetreatmentleftmetired,makingit____27____formetofinisheverydaytasks.Asafamilyphysician,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewhoprovidedcare,nottheonewho____28____it.Sincemyillness,Ihadtorelyon____29____fromotherpeople.Thebigchangeleftmefeelinguneasy.Wateringtheplant,assmalla(n)____30____asitwas,connectedmetoacorepartofmyoldidentityand____31____meIcouldstillbeahelpfulperson.Overthenextfewmonths,Irecoveredfromsurgery.EvenafterIreturnedtowork,I____32____tocarefortheplant.Ibegantolookthroughonlinetipstohelpmefigureouthowtobettercareformyplant.Followingthe____33____,Itransplantedtheplanttoalargerpot,unlockingitsrootstogiveitmore____34____togrow.Whenitwasbackinthesunnywindow,webothbegantogrowuphealthyandstrongagain.Iregardeditasmyluckandchangedmyself____35____.21.A.red B.yellow C.white D.green22.A.photo B.plant C.painting D.Box23.A.sellout B.chatwith C.carefor D.makeup24.A.surprised B.depressed C.nervous D.confused25.A.failure B.sorrow C.excitement D.achievement26.A.walk B.observe C.express D.catch27.A.rewarding B.possible C.tough D.clear28.A.enjoyed B.lost C.refused D.received29.A.advice B.agreement C.assistance D.visit30.A.problem B.act C.idea D.invention31.A.hoped B.reminded C.helped D.saved32.A.stopped B.guaranteed C.hesitated D.continued33.A.instructions B.stories C.pictures D.theories34.A.time B.confidence C.room D.freedom35.A.occasionally B.pletely C.immediately D.rarely【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了作者是一名醫(yī)生，以前一直照顧別人，但是作者患癌后，一直由別人照顧自己，這讓作者覺得自己一無是處。后來作者養(yǎng)了一株幸運竹，在照顧幸運竹的過程中，讓作者找到了照顧別人的這種成就感，找到了自己的價值?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我被診斷出患有癌癥后，我喜歡周圍有一些新的、綠色的東西的想法。A.red紅色的；B.yellow黃色的；C.white白色的；D.green綠色的。由下文“MyfriendMitchgavemewhathesaidwasaluckybambooplantinadeepgreenflowerpot.”可知，作者的朋友送給作者一棵長在綠色花盆里的幸運竹，結(jié)合常識可知，幸運竹是綠色的，且花盆也是綠色的，這說明這是作者喜歡的顏色。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們把植物放在客廳的窗戶上，沙發(fā)對面，我在那里度過了大部分時間。A.photo照片；B.plant植物；C.painting繪畫；D.box箱子。上文“MyfriendMitchgavemewhathesaidwasaluckybambooplantinadeepgreenflowerpot.”朋友送給作者一株叫作幸運竹的植物可知，此處指把這株植物放在客廳的窗戶上，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我告訴我的妻子我想自己照顧這棵植物。A.sellout賣光；B.chatwith和……交談；C.carefor照顧；D.makeup彌補(bǔ)。由下文“Tendingtotheplantgavemeasenseof_______whenIsometimesfeltuseless.”可知，是由作者來照顧這棵植物的，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果它沒有立即變黃或失去所有葉子，我會感到驚喜。A.surprised驚訝的；B.depressed沮喪的；C.nervous緊張的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)上文“Ifitdidn’timmediatelyturnyelloworloseallitsleaves,”可知，看到這棵植物沒有變黃或失去所有葉子，作者會感到驚喜，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我有時覺得自己一無是處時，照顧這種植物給了我一種成就感。A.failure失敗；B.sorrow痛苦；C.excitement興奮；D.achievement成就。由下文“whenIsometimesfeltuseless.”和上文提到的作者自己照顧這棵植物可知，在作者覺得自己一無是處時，照顧這棵植物讓他覺得很有成就感，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于癌癥影響了我腿部的運動，限制了我行走的能力，治療讓我感到疲倦，使我很難完成日常任務(wù)。A.walk走路；B.observe觀察；C.express表達(dá)；D.catch捉住。由上文“Asthecancerinfluencedthemovementofmylegs”可知，癌癥影響了作者腿部的運動，由此可知，限制了他行走的能力，故選A。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于癌癥影響了我腿部的運動，限制了我行走的能力，治療讓我感到疲倦，使我很難完成日常任務(wù)。A.rewarding有意義的；B.possible可能的；C.tough艱難的；D.clear清楚的。根據(jù)上文“thetreatmentleftmetired,”可知，治療讓作者感到疲倦，所以很難完成日常任務(wù)，故選C。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名家庭醫(yī)生，我習(xí)慣于成為提供護(hù)理的人，而不是接受護(hù)理的人。A.enjoyed喜歡；B.lost丟失；C.refused拒絕；D.received收到。由上文“Asafamilyphysician,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewhoprovidedcare,nottheonewho”可知，作者是一名醫(yī)生，經(jīng)常照顧別人，所以不習(xí)慣接受別人的照顧，故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自從我生病以來，我不得不依靠別人的幫助。A.advice建議；B.agreement同意；C.assistance幫助；D.visit參觀。由上文“Sincemyillness”以及上文提到的癌癥影響了作者腿部的運動，限制了他行走的能力，且治療讓作者感到疲倦，所以很難完成日常任務(wù)，由此可知，他需要別人的幫助，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：給植物澆水，雖然是一個小小的舉動，卻將我與我舊身份的核心