安徽省2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期冬季階段性檢測英語試題（含聽力）

安徽省2023—2024學(xué)年（上）高二冬季階段性檢測英語考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatwillSonyado?A.Dosomeresearch. B.Lookupthedates. C.Decideonexplorers.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sodidyoudecideanythingaboutthegroupproject?Howshouldyouworkonit?M:Well.Sonya’sgoingtostartontheresearchtonight.Icanlookupthedifferentexplorersandthedates.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Arrangeameeting. B.Makeanapology. C.Cancelameeting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ProfessorChiu,IwaswonderingifIcouldeandseeyou.Iwanttotalktoyouaboutmypaper.M:Well,myopenofficehoursaretomorrow,fromtentotwelve.Canyouethen?W:Ihaveaclassuntileleven.CouldIeataround11:15?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheman?A.Abanker. B.Ateacher. C.Ashopkeeper.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Thatwillbe298.W:Here’s500.M:Thankyou,ma’am.Yourchangeesto202.Andhaveagoodday.Pleaseebacktoourshopagainsoon.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inafurniturestore. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inatrainstation.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Lookatthisplace.Doyouthinkwe’llevergetatable?M:Wemighthavetowaitabit.Let’slookatthemenuwhilewewait.Theyusuallyhavegooddailyspecials.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’sdaughter. B.Abirthdayparty. C.Somethingtodrink.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:We’rehavingasurprisepartytomorrowformydaughterElaine.She’sturningthirty.W:Ihavenoidea.ShouldIbringanything?M:Ifyoudon’tmind,wouldyoubringsomethingtodrink?W:Ofcoursenot.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Houseownerandrenter. B.Gymworkerandcustomer. C.Hotelworkerandguest.7Whatwillthewomando?A.Cleantheroom. B.Packhersuitcase. C.Havesomethingtoeat.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:Roomtwotwentyissmallerthanourotherrooms,butthepriceisjustonehundredandsixtyfivedollarsforthenight.W:Doesthatincludeuseofthepoolandtheexerciseroom?M:Ofcourse.Itincludestheuseofallfacilitiesexceptthetenniscourts,whichareclosedforthewinter.W:Okay.I’lltakeit.I’lljustcarrymysuitcaseupandhaveaquicklookattheroom,andthenI’mgoingoutforabitetoeat.I’mstarving.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdidthespeakersdojustnow?A.Theymetawriter. B.Theysawadoctor. C.Theyclimbedamountain.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthestories?A.Boring. B.Interesting. C.Difficult.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:ItwasgreattoactuallymeetthepersonthatwrotethebooksI’veenjoyedsomuch.Andheaskedusalotaboutouropinionsofhiswork.W:Ifoundthatashetalked,itmadeallthereferencesinhisstoriesmuchclearer.He’scertainlyhadvariedexperiences—beingadoctor,goingclimbingintheAndes…M:You’reright.Forme,that’stheattractionofthestories—they’vegotsuchawiderangeofsettings.Younevergetbored.W:Idon’tknow.TherehavebeenacoupleIcouldn’tgetinto.M:Well,theyallmakesomesensetomeafterwhathesaid.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Workoutaplan. B.Lookforanapartment. C.Askthemanforhelp.11.Whatwillthemando?A.Moveontohisnewjob.B.Givenewemployeestraining.C.Workonanimportantproject.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Waitforhimfortwoweeks. B.Putoffthedeadline. C.TurntoMr.Cortez.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouheardabouttheapartmentinCurryGrovethatI’vebeenassignedtodesign?Itturnsoutthatitwilltakealotmoretimethanoriginallyplanned.Wouldyoubeabletohelpmeout?M:Unfortunately,I’mnotgoingtobeableto.I’msupposedtotrainournewworkersoverthenexttwoweeks,soIamnotgoingtohavetimetodoanythingelse.Youcan’tdoitallonyourown?W:Iprobablycan,butitisaveryimportantproject.I’mhopingtogetitdonebythedeadlineforsure.M:Then,youshouldtellMr.Cortezandseeifyoucangethelpfromhim.He’saverygenerouscoworker,soIthinkhewouldbehappytohelpyouabitifyoucan’tdoitonyourown.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhatdothespeakersagreewithaboutaGPS?A.Itisnotentirelyreliable. B.Itisveryconvenient. C.Itisquiteuseless.14.Whyaresomepeoplebetteratfindingtheirway?A.Theyaremorefocused.B.Theywerebornwiththeskill.C.Theygototheplacemorefrequently.15.Whathelpedthemanfindhisfriend’splace?A.Astreet. B.Abuilding. C.Atree.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Takealookaround. B.Shareherexperience. C.Visitherfriend.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.WeletoScienceWorld.Todaywe’retalkingaboutdirection.Somepeoplenevergetlost,whileothersneedaGPSjusttofindtheirwaytothestore!And,ofcourse,aGPSisnotalwaysaccurate.M:Definitely.EveryonehasastoryaboutfollowingaGPSrouteandendingupinthemiddleofafield!But,whyaresomepeoplesomuchbetteratfindingtheirwaythanothers?Aretheybornwiththatskill?W:Notnecessarily.Scientistssaypeoplewhohaveagoodsenseofdirectionprobablypaymoreattentiontowhat’saroundthem.Theynoticemoredetails.Alotofpeopledon’tpayattentionatall.Ifyou’rethinkingaboutsomethingelsewhileyou’rewalking,ofcourseyou’remorelikelytogetlost.M:Hmm.Iguesswedousethingsweseetohelpusfindplaces.Iremembertherewasatreeatthecornerofastreetwheremyfriendlived.Oneday,thetreewasgone,andIcouldn’tfindthestreet.Iwaspletelylost!Iwasusingthetreeasavisualclue,eventhoughIdidn’tknowit.W:Yes.I’veexperiencedsomethingsimilartothat.Well,oneday…聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Atourguide. B.Ahotelclerk. C.Abusdriver.18.Wherearethespeakerandthelisteners?A.Inahotel. B.Onabus. C.Onabridge.19.WhatdoweknowaboutIbiza?A.Itisacoastalcity.B.Thedeathratethereishigh.C.Itisfamousforitsrestaurants.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenerstodointheend?A.Drinksomewater.B.Takecareoftheirbelongings.C.ContactManuelinadvance.【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Helloeveryone.MynameisAlan.OnbehalfofMediTravelI’dliketoweleyoualltoIbiza,wherefunisascertainasdeathandtaxes.IamprettysureyouaregoingtoenjoyyourstayhereinIbiza.Thisisabeautiful,excitingcitywhereyoucanrelaxandsitbythebeachorenjoysomeofthebestclubsinEurope.Youcanwalkintotownandenjoythelocalshopsandrestaurantsortakeamoonlitwalkalongthewaterifyouprefersomepeaceandquiet.We’regoingtobepullinguptotheMarinaHotelinjustafewminutes.Pleasesitbackandenjoytheviewoftheoceanontherighthandsideofthebusasweooverthebridge.Ikindlyaskthatyouremaininyourseatsanddonoteatordrinkonthebus.Manuelwillbemeetingusattheentrancetogiveyouawarmweleandhelpyouwithyourbags.Pleasemakesureyourbaghasbeentakenoffthebus.IwishyouallawonderfulvacationinIbirzaandIhopetoseeyouaroundthegreatplace.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ANobodysayshighschoolandcollegeareeasy.Studyingisdifficult,asismemorizinginformationforatest.Fortunately,therearebooksthatcanhelptomakedealingwithschooleasier.UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsleyDoyouhavetroublerememberingeverythingyouarestudying?Feellikeyouhavetoomuchonyourplate?UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsleymaybeforyou.Itisabestselleronmemoryimprovement.Thisbookhasstrategiestohelpyoulearnfasterwhilealsoteachingyoutobeemoreproductive.Ofcourse,havingagoodmemoryesinhandyoutsideoftheclassroomaswell.Really,thisisagreatbookforlifeingeneral.OnCoursebySkipDowningItisanotherbookyouwillwanttocheckout.Initseighthedition,thebookprovidesyouwithselfassessmenttoolstohelpyouidentifywhatyouneedtochangeforacademicsuccess.Itcontainsguidedjournalentriestohelpyouwithlearning,responsibility,selfmanagement,selfawarenessandselfesteem.StudentsGuidetoWritingCollegePapersbyKateL.TurabianManystudentsreachcollegeandfindthatessaywritingincollegeisverydifferentfromthatinhighschool.Whetherthisisthecaseforyouoryoujustwanttoimproveyourwritingskills,you’llwanttocheckoutStudentsGuidetoWritingCollegePapers.It’savailableonKindleorinhardbackorpaperbackforms.Rightnow,thisoneisinitsfourthedition.Thebookcoverswritingyouractualpaper,citingsourcesandstyle.EvenEnglishmajorscanfindalotofhelpfultipsinthisbook.HowtoBeeaStraightAStudentbyCarlNewportThebookwillteachyoudifferentapproachesandstrategiestohelpyouscorebetter,butspendlesstimeonstudying,withafocusonstudyingsmarter,notharder.ItisavailableonKindleandinaudiobook(有聲讀物)andpaperbackforms.21.What’sspecialaboutOnCourse?A.ItisofgreathelpeventoEnglishmajors.B.Itisthemostpopularoneandsellsthebest.C.Itmainlyfocusesonmemoryimprovement.D.Ithelpsyoudevelopotherqualitiesbesidesacademicabilities.22.WhatdoUnlimitedMemoryandHowtoBeeaStraightAStudenthaveinmon?A.Theyhavevariousforms. B.Theyarebestsellers.C.Theyfocusoneffectivelearning. D.Theyhavebeenpublishedmanytimes.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducesomebookstostudents. B.Toencouragestudentstostudyharder.C.Tomakestudentsinterestedinlearning. D.Tooffersuggestionsonwritingskills.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了四本有助于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的書籍?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OnCoursebySkipDowning部分中“Initseighthedition,thebookprovidesyouwithselfassessmenttoolstohelpyouidentifywhatyouneedtochangeforacademicsuccess.Itcontainsguidedjournalentriestohelpyouwithlearning,responsibility,selfmanagement,selfawarenessandselfesteem.(在第八版中，這本書為你提供了自我評估工具，幫助你確定你需要改變什么才能取得學(xué)業(yè)上的成功。它包含指導(dǎo)日志條目，幫助你學(xué)習(xí)，責(zé)任，自我管理，自我意識和自尊)”可知，OnCourse這本書的特殊之處在于它可以幫助你發(fā)展除了學(xué)術(shù)能力之外的其他素質(zhì)，故選D。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UnlimitedMemorybyKevinHorsley部分中“Thisbookhasstrategiestohelpyoulearnfasterwhilealsoteachingyoutobeemoreproductive.(這本書有一些策略可以幫助你更快地學(xué)習(xí)，同時也教你變得更有效率)”和HowtoBeeaStraightAStudentbyCarlNewport部分中“Thebookwillteachyoudifferentapproachesandstrategiestohelpyouscorebetter,butspendlesstimeonstudying,withafocusonstudyingsmarter,notharder.(這本書將教你不同的方法和策略來幫助你取得更好的成績，但花更少的時間在學(xué)習(xí)上，重點是學(xué)習(xí)更聰明，而不是更難)”可知，這兩本書的共同點是它們都關(guān)注有效率地學(xué)習(xí)，故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Fortunately,therearebooksthatcanhelptomakedealingwithschooleasier.(幸運(yùn)的是，有一些書可以幫助你更容易地應(yīng)對學(xué)校)”可知，文章的目的是介紹一些有助于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的書籍。故選A。BThreeweeksafteritsfirstappearance,theboxofficeofthemythologicalepicCreationoftheGods:KingdomofStormsshowedarebound(反彈)trendthankstoitsgoodreviewsandwordofmouthonsocialmedia.ThisnewadaptationofawellknownstoryinChinadiffersfrompreviousonesasitfocusesnotonmightyTaoistgodsbutonJiFa,anobleman’ssonwhostrugglestofindoutwhohereallyisandlatergrowsintoaking.ThestorywasinspiredbytheMingDynasty(1368—1644)novelInvestitureoftheGods,whichdescribesthehistoryoftheShang(1600BC—1046BC)andZhou1046BC—771BC)dynastiesmixedwithfolklore,legendsandmythicalcreatures.Inthefirstepisode,JiFafacestherealitythatYinShou,abattlefieldwarriorheadmired,hasbeeagreedyandcruelkingafterthekillingoftheformerkingandhisbrother.JiFa’ssearchforhisownpathafterwitnessingthecollapse(倒塌)ofhisidolandstrugglesduringthepoliticaldisorderinthelateShanghavecauseddeepthoughtamongmanyyoungmoviegoerswhoareontheirowncrucialpointsinlife,perhapsneedingtochooseacollegemajor,acareer,orinwhichcitytosettledown..Somefollowedtheir“tigerparents”,whileothersweremorerebellious(叛逆的).Still,theirconfusionofbeing“l(fā)ostamongchoices”andtheinsecuritycausedbyanuncertainfuturehavebeensomewhatrelievedbythewordsofJiFa’sfather—whoyourfatherisdoesnotmatter;whatmattersiswhoyouare.Suchuncertaintyseemstobeasharedsentimentforyoungpeopleintheir20s,butfocusingonwhatisathandcaneasethatanxietytoacertainextent.Onecanalwaysbenefitfromresolutepersistence,asdemonstratedbythecasting,filmingandlongwaitbeforethefirstepisodecouldfinallyreachcinemas.24.Whyisthenewadaptationdifferentfromthepreviousones?A.ItfeaturesTaoistgods.B.Itbecameahitrightafteritwasshown.C.Itispopularmostlybecauseofsocialmedia.D.Itfocusesonayoungman’sstruggleforhisownidentity.25.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinparagraph3?A.Thebackgroundinwhichthemovieisset.B.TheinfluenceJiFa’sgrowthhasonyoungpeople.C.Thetimeduringwhichthemoviewasmade.D.Theexamplesparentsshouldsettotheirchildren.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sentiment”inparagraph5mean?A.Feeling. B.Action. C.Hobby. D.Development.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Sciencefiction.C.Amoviereview. D.Ascarystory.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了電影《封神第一部:朝歌風(fēng)云》，并對其進(jìn)行評價?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThisnewadaptationofawellknownstoryinChinadiffersfrompreviousonesasitfocusesnotonmightyTaoistgodsbutonJiFa,anobleman’ssonwhostrugglestofindoutwhohereallyisandlatergrowsintoaking.(這部改編自中國一個著名故事的新作品與以往不同，因為它關(guān)注的不是強(qiáng)大的道教神，而是姬發(fā)，一個貴族的兒子，他努力尋找自己的真實身份，后來成長為國王)”可知，新的改編與以往的不同，是因為它沒有聚焦于強(qiáng)大的道教神，而是聚焦于一個年輕人為自己的身份而進(jìn)行的斗爭。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“JiFa’ssearchforhisownpathafterwitnessingthecollapseofhisidolandstrugglesduringthepoliticaldisorderinthelateShanghavecauseddeepthoughtamongmanyyoungmoviegoerswhoareontheirowncrucialpointsinlife,perhapsneedingtochooseacollegemajor,acareer,orinwhichcitytosettledown…Somefollowedtheir“tigerparents”,whileothersweremorerebellious.(姬發(fā)在目睹偶像崩塌后尋找自己的道路，以及在商末政局混亂中的掙扎，引起了許多年輕影迷的深刻思考，他們正處于人生的關(guān)鍵時刻，也許需要選擇大學(xué)專業(yè)、職業(yè)，或者在哪個城市定居……一些人追隨他們的“虎父母”，而另一些人則更叛逆)”可知，電影中姬發(fā)的成長引起年輕人的深刻思考，作者在本段想要展示的是姬發(fā)的成長對于年輕人的影響。故選B?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Still,theirconfusionofbeing“l(fā)ostamongchoices”andtheinsecuritycausedbyanuncertainfuturehavebeensomewhatrelievedbythewordsofJiFa’sfather—whoyourfatherisdoesnotmatter;whatmattersiswhoyouare.(盡管如此，他們“在選擇中迷失”的困惑和不確定的未來所帶來的不安全感，還是因為姬發(fā)父親的話而有所緩解——你的父親是誰并不重要；重要的是你是誰)”以及第五段“Suchuncertaintyseemstobeasharedsentimentforyoungpeopleintheir20s,butfocusingonwhatisathandcaneasethatanxietytoacertainextent.(這種不確定性似乎是20多歲年輕人的共同sentiment，但專注于手頭的事情可以在一定程度上緩解這種焦慮)”可知，不確定性是年輕人們共同的一種情緒，專注于手頭的事情可以緩解這種焦慮的情緒，推測劃線單詞表示“情緒”，與feeling意義相近。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Threeweeksafteritsfirstappearance,theboxofficeofthemythologicalepicCreationoftheGods:KingdomofStormsshowedarebound(反彈)trendthankstoitsgoodreviewsandwordofmouthonsocialmedia.ThisnewadaptationofawellknownstoryinChinadiffersfrompreviousonesasitfocusesnotonmightyTaoistgodsbutonJiFa,anobleman’ssonwhostrugglestofindoutwhohereallyisandlatergrowsintoaking.(神話史詩《封神第一部:朝歌風(fēng)云》首次亮相三周后，憑借其在社交媒體上的好評和口碑，票房呈現(xiàn)反彈趨勢。這部改編自中國一個著名故事的新作品與以往不同，因為它關(guān)注的不是強(qiáng)大的道教神，而是姬發(fā)，一個貴族的兒子，他努力尋找自己的真實身份，后來成長為國王)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了電影《封神第一部:朝歌風(fēng)云》，并對其進(jìn)行評價，文章是一篇電影評論。故選C。CIfasthesayinggoes,youarewhatyoueat,thenitstandstoreasonyoualsoexcrete(排泄)whatyouare.Ifwefollowthisrule,itmeansthatourbodilywastereflectsourdietandoverallhealth.Forinstance,analyzinghumanexcretacanhelpfindabnormallevelsofcertainchemicals,whichmightshowsignsofsomediseases.Anewstudyshowsthatanalysisofacity’swastewatercanalsoprovideinsightsintothehealthandbehaviorofitsresidents.Suchsurveillance(監(jiān)測)canbeappliedtosample(取樣)alltoiletuserswithoutknowingtheirnames.Itismuchcheaperthanalternativesamplingtechniques,andflexibleenoughtomonitor(監(jiān)測)everythingfromdrugusetodietandevenmentalhealth.Wastewatersurveillancehasbeeanimportanttoolinover70countriesformonitoringandmanagingpublichealth.Thisnewapproachinvolvesanalyzingwastewatersamplestolookforandtrackthepresenceofvariousviruses,bacteriaandparasites.Bymonitoringthegeneticmaterialofthesepathogens(致病菌)inwastewater,scientistsandpublichealthofficialscangainvaluableinsightsintothespreadofdiseaseswithinmunities.Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherealternativemeansoftestingareexpensive.Itcouldalsobeappliedtomanyotherareas.Forexample,thepolicecanadoptthetooltospotcriminalbehavior.Anythingfromconsumingillegaldrugstohandlingbombingredientscouldpotentiallyhedetected(查明)inwastewater.Butforwastewatersurveillancetofulfilitspotential,today’ssystemsmustbetransformedintosomethingmorestableandorganized.Inaddition,testingbodiesshouldbeopenabouttheextentoftheircapabilities,andexactlyhowdatawillbeused.Theyshouldalsoconsultwiththepeoplebeingmonitored.Itwouldbeashameifprivacyworriescausedsupportforittodisappear.28.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinparagraph1?A.Toshowsomesignsofphysicalillness.B.Tointroduceamethodofdetectingdiseases.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofdiettohealth.D.Topresentthevalueofstudyingbodilywaste.29.Whatisanadvantageofwastewatersurveillance?A.Itservesmorepurposes. B.Itrequireslessefforttodo.C.Itprotectsresidents’privacy. D.Itneedslittleprofessionalknowledge.30.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thedevelopmentofwastewatersurveillance.B.Themeansofwastewatertestingforpoorareas.C.Theapplicationofwastewaterindiseasedetection.D.Thepotentialofwastewaterindiscoveringdangerousgoods.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswastewatersurveillance?A.Doubtful. B.Careful. C.Unclear. D.Unconcerned.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述監(jiān)測下水道的廢水能得出某地居民的健康大數(shù)據(jù)，從而能夠起到疾病預(yù)防的作用?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“If,asthesayinggoes,youarewhatyoueat,thenitstandstoreasonyoualsoexcrete(排泄)whatyouare.Ifwefollowthisrule,itmeansthatourbodilywastereflectsourdietandoverallhealth.(如果說如俗語所說“人如其食”，那么很顯然，你的排泄物也反映出你是什么。如果我們遵循這個邏輯，這意味著我們的身體廢物反映了我們的飲食和整體健康)”可知，我們的身體廢物反映了我們的飲食和整體健康，接著下文“Forinstance,analyzinghumanexcretacanhelpfindabnormallevelsofcertainchemicals,whichmightshowsignsofsomediseases.(例如，分析人類排泄物可以幫助檢測某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的異常水平，這可能會揭示某些疾病的跡象)”對上文舉例說明，分析人類排泄物可能會揭示某些疾病的跡象，由此可推知，作者在第一段提到這個例子是為了說明研究身體排泄物的價值。故選D。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Wastewatersurveillancehasbeeanimportanttoolinover70countriesformonitoringandmanagingpublichealth.(廢水監(jiān)測已成為70多個國家監(jiān)測和管理公共衛(wèi)生的重要工具)”和第四段“Itcouldalsobeappliedtomanyotherareas.Forexample,thepolicecanadoptthetooltospotcriminalbehavior.Anythingfromconsumingillegaldrugstohandlingbombingredientscouldpotentiallyhedetected(查明)inwastewater.(它也可以應(yīng)用于許多其他領(lǐng)域。例如，警方可以采用該工具來發(fā)現(xiàn)犯罪行為。從吸食非法毒品到處理炸彈原料，任何事情都有可能在廢水中被檢測到)”可知，廢水監(jiān)測的優(yōu)勢是有更多的用途。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合首句“Wastewatersurveillancehasbeeanimportanttoolinover70countriesformonitoringandmanagingpublichealth.(廢水監(jiān)測已成為70多個國家監(jiān)測和管理公共衛(wèi)生的重要工具)”可知，本段主要講述廢水在疾病檢測中的應(yīng)用，故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。文章介紹了廢水監(jiān)測的好處、優(yōu)勢等，最后一段“Butforwastewatersurveillancetofulfilitspotential,today’ssystemsmustbetransformedintosomethingmorestableandorganized.Inaddition,testingbodiesshouldbeopenabouttheextentoftheircapabilities,andexactlyhowdatawillbeused.Theyshouldalsoconsultwiththepeoplebeingmonitored.Itwouldbeashameifprivacyworriescausedsupportforittodisappear.(但是，為了使廢水監(jiān)測發(fā)揮其潛力，今天的系統(tǒng)必須轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦€(wěn)定、更有組織的系統(tǒng)。此外，測試機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該公開其能力的范圍，以及如何準(zhǔn)確地使用數(shù)據(jù)。他們還應(yīng)該咨詢被監(jiān)控的人。如果對隱私的擔(dān)憂導(dǎo)致對它的支持消失，那將是一件憾事)”提到了如何使其發(fā)揮出最大潛力，消除人們對隱私的擔(dān)憂，故作者對廢水監(jiān)測持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，故選B。DIt’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蝕)bysandandwind.Theteamisdedicatedtoprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals(壁畫)andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionofwhichspansaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople,”saysSuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy.monlyseen“diseases”affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking(剝落),aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.Torestoreamuralrequiresanallrounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.Whentherestorersfindsomepartsofmuralsmissingorfadingaway,theyneverrepaintthemtocreatea“perfect”appearanceinrestoration.“Culturalrelicsarewitnessesofhistory,”explainsSu.“Whenyoupursuethesocalledintact(完好無損的)lookforartisticreasons,youwilllosetheirkeymeaning.”Caveconservationisaboutcontinuouslysolvingproblems.“Itneedsalongtermresearchtobetterpreservethecaves,overamuchwidertimespanthatgoesbeyondourlifetimes,”Susays.Butatleast,theycankeeptheexistinglookofthemuralsforaslongaspossible.32.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A.ToshowthepopularityofDunhuangmurals.B.ToexplainthehistoryoftheancientSilkRoad.C.Tostressthesignificanceoftherestorationwork.D.Topresentthewaysofprotectingculturalheritage.33.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherestorationwork?A.Creative. B.Wellpaid.C.Interesting. D.Demanding.34.Whatshouldrestoringmuralsfocusonaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Spottingthefadedmuralsintime.B.Fixingthemissingpartsofmurals.C.Makingpreservationofthemuralsastheyare.D.Repaintingtoperfecttheappearanceofmurals.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheArtisticCharmofMuralPaintings.B.TheMuralRestorationintheMogaoCaves.C.TheSuccessfulExperimentonCaveConservation.D.TheRoleoftheDunhuangSpiritinChineseCulture.【答案】32.C33.D34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】文章是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了莫高窟壁畫的修復(fù)工作。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople(這些文物是幾個世紀(jì)以來古絲綢之路上文化交流的產(chǎn)物。我們的工作，修復(fù)壁畫和彩雕，是為了更好地保護(hù)洞穴，這是一個偉大的敦煌，它向世界展示了偉大的敦煌精神，并激勵了現(xiàn)代人。)”可知，修復(fù)壁畫和彩雕是為了更好地保護(hù)洞穴，它向世界展示了偉大的敦煌精神，并激勵了現(xiàn)代人?？芍径沃饕獜?qiáng)調(diào)修復(fù)工作的重要性。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Torestoreamuralrequiresanallrounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.(修復(fù)壁畫需要一個多面手。修復(fù)人員應(yīng)該懂得繪畫，掌握泥瓦匠的技能，并具備一定的化學(xué)和物理知識，能夠識別問題及其相應(yīng)的原因，并提供解決方案。他們還必須選擇合適的材料和工具，并進(jìn)行實驗，然后才正式進(jìn)行修復(fù)和評估效果。)”可知，修復(fù)工作對修復(fù)人員的要求是非常高的。故選D。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.(修復(fù)工作應(yīng)尊重原作，以保持壁畫的現(xiàn)狀為目標(biāo)，而不是重新繪制壁畫)”可知，修復(fù)工作應(yīng)注重保護(hù)壁畫的原貌。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“It’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蝕)bysandandwind.(這是一場與時間的賽跑，盡管受到風(fēng)沙的侵蝕，敦煌研究院的幾代文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)人員仍在努力保護(hù)莫高窟的藝術(shù)魅力。莫高窟被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)。)”以及后文對修復(fù)工作的目的，要求等的介紹可知，文章主要講述的是莫高窟壁畫修復(fù)工作。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ApetitionaboutVersaillesliterature(凡爾賽文學(xué))wascarriedoutonSinaWeiborecently.SowhatisVersaillesliterature?____36____ItcamefromTheRoseofVersailles,aJapanesemangaseriesaboutaristocratic(貴族化的)lifeatthepalaceofVersaillesinFranceinthelate18thcentury,andwascoinedbyaChineseinfluencerearlierthisyear.Knownashumblebragging(謙虛的吹牛),itisaboastdisguisedasaplaint.“____37____”and“IthoughtIlostweightthismorning.SodisappointedwhenIrealizeditwasbecauseItookoffthehugediamondringmyboyfriendgavemelastnight.”aresomeexamplesofVersaillesliterature.Thepsychologybehindhumblebraggingistoberecognizedforone’ssuccessesandbelikedbyothersatthesametime,accordingtoscholars.____38____Mostresearchersconcludedfromtheirresearchthathumblebraggersareperceivedmorenegativelythanstraightbraggersduetotheformer’sinsincerity.“____39____Peopledon’tlikebraggers,buttheyatleastseethemasmoresincerethanhumblebraggers,”saidFrancescaGino.So,howcanweannoyhumblebraggersback?“Justpretendyoudon’tgetwhateveritistheytrytoshowoff,”anetizenadvised.“____40____”A.Andrespondwithsincerepityfortheirplaints.B.Havingtoomanyhouses,howcanIdecidewhichonetodecorate?C.I’mfedupwithlivinginthecountrysidewithnoshoppingmallsaround.D.Thekeyfactorthatmakesthetwogroupsofpeopledifferentissincerity.E.Actually,t