閱讀理解（標(biāo)題概括題）訓(xùn)練-2023年高考英語第二輪復(fù)習(xí)

2023年高考英語第二輪復(fù)習(xí)點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)刻意訓(xùn)練

專題08閱讀理解（標(biāo)題概括題）對策與訓(xùn)練解析版

目錄內(nèi)容

板塊一命題規(guī)律探究

板塊二高考真題引領(lǐng)

名校模擬演練

（一）記敘文選標(biāo)題

板塊三（二）夾敘夾議文選標(biāo)題

（三）說明文選標(biāo)題

（四）議論文選標(biāo)題

命題規(guī)律探究

一、標(biāo)題三大特點(diǎn)

1.概括性：語言高度凝練而形式簡短

2.針對性：標(biāo)題外延與文章內(nèi)容相符

3.醒目性：能夠激發(fā)讀者的閱讀欲望

二、選標(biāo)題三大方法

L主題段法：標(biāo)題段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般來說第一段經(jīng)常提出文章的主題或最后

一段總結(jié)文章的主題，知道了文章的主題也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句話或一個短語

即是文章的標(biāo)題。

2.主題句法：解題的關(guān)鍵要抓住每段的首尾句，要注意貫穿文章始終的詞語。通過尋找文章的主

題句，并對主題句進(jìn)行概括和提煉，從而確定文章的標(biāo)題。

2.關(guān)鍵詞法：任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，因此有的文章中最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一是有一

個反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即關(guān)鍵詞，也叫做主題詞。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。

三、選標(biāo)題三大策略

L正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基礎(chǔ)上，揣摩哪個選項能準(zhǔn)確概括主旨。

2.反面否定法：撇開原文，拿各個備選項去嘗試用它們寫出來的“文章”將是什么內(nèi)容，然后和原

文對照，一一排除荒謬者。

3.排除干擾法：研究干擾項里面的中心詞、修飾詞的變化、結(jié)構(gòu)、新奇性、概括性等。文章的標(biāo)題

應(yīng)該新穎奇特，易激發(fā)讀者的好奇心，吸引讀者注意力。

四、標(biāo)題錯誤三大特征

1.范圍太寬泛：選項太過于寬泛，與文章內(nèi)容相距甚遠(yuǎn)。

2.范圍太具體：選項死扣文章某一細(xì)節(jié)不適合用于標(biāo)題。

3.范圍太偏頗：選項內(nèi)容過于偏頗，明顯偏離文章主旨。

五、說明文選標(biāo)題三大關(guān)注點(diǎn)

1.文章結(jié)構(gòu)：“倒三角形▼”結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，首段最重要，越往后重要性越低。因此結(jié)合寫作對象看

首段和尾段，以首段為主是選好說明文類閱讀理解題的基本功。

2.選項規(guī)律：選標(biāo)題四個選項多采用二元法，兩個比較接近正確答案甚至相反，干擾性強(qiáng)，兩個

往往和主題關(guān)聯(lián)性較弱，容易排除。

3.做后反思：實踐證明說明文最后一題往往是壓軸題也是高頻錯題，因此保持做后反思是提高選標(biāo)

題能力的必然途徑。文思表堅持一段時間必有成效。

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高考真題引領(lǐng)

記敘文類選標(biāo)題（2018年全國I卷B篇，保留原題號）

GoOdMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeveryrooming,butsheiscookingupa

storminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferslop

tipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMomingBritain

presentersaysshe,sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe,slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,

Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,,,sheexplains.

“Ipay￡5foraportion（一份），butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.

Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe,renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.^^

,

Theeight-partseries（系列節(jié)目），SaveMoney:GoodFooclyfollowsinthefootstepsofITVsSaveMoney:Good

Health,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.

Intonight,sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteam

transformsthefamily,slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24.WhatdoWeknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.

B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.

D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.

B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.

D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.

D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart

B.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.

D.CookingWellforLess

24.B推理判斷題根據(jù)第一段???，butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowto

preparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.和第二段InSaveMoney:GoodFood9shevisits

可推斷，SusannaReid主持了一個新的烹飪節(jié)目SaveMoney:GoodFoodo

25.C推理判斷題根據(jù)第二段…withthehelpofchefMattTebbutt...及第三段Ipay￡5foraportion,but

Mattmakesthemfor26paportion...可推知廚師Matt幫助Susanna做一些烹飪方面的工作。

26.C寫作目的題根據(jù)第四段可知SaveMoney:GoodFood這個節(jié)目仿效了ITV出品的節(jié)目SaveMoney:

GoodHealths由此可知，這里作者是想介紹SaveMoney:GoodFood這個節(jié)目的背景信息。

27.D主旨大意題本文主要介紹了SusannaReid主持的電視節(jié)目SaveMoney:GoodFood0由第一段???

showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget,第二段...offerstoptips

onhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday和最后一段Theteam

transforms...withlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.可知SaveMoney:GoodFood這個節(jié)目旨在幫助家庭

用更少錢做出美味可口飯菜。

新聞報道類選標(biāo)題（2022年全國甲卷B篇，保留原題號）

Goffin,scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognition

abilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhile

keptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontofthebox

hada“keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthe

correct"key”wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryear

beforetheyareabletodothesamewithlessSymmetriCaI（對稱的）shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneed

tobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan44allocentricframeofreference,?Intheexperiment,Goffin,s

cockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-eιτorwas

used,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin,scockatoosdoindeedpossessan

allocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues

（線索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.

25.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.

C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

26.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.

27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners

C.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters

24-27BCDD

【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。

24.B事實細(xì)節(jié)題根據(jù)第一段中的第二句ThOiIghnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved

skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.以及該段最后兩句???thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”

tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.可知，鳳頭鸚鵡在籠子里使用工具很熟練，

給它們形狀不同的“鑰匙”以供選擇，插入正確的“鑰匙”就能把盒子里的堅果取出來。

25.Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundone

yearofage（在人類身上，嬰兒從一歲左右就可以把一個圓形的物品放進(jìn)一個圓形的洞里）”結(jié)合選項，可知，一

歲兒童最有可能完成“將一個球放進(jìn)一個圓形的洞里”的任務(wù)。故選C。

26.Do推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段"Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhether

thecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.（根據(jù)研究

人員的說法,下一步是嘗試弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依靠視覺線索,還是也使用觸覺來選擇它們的形狀）”可推知，

后續(xù)測試的目的是了解鳳頭鸚鵡在測試中是否使用觸覺。故選Do

27.Do主旨大意題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章第一段"Coffin、cockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,

havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year?old.（科芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產(chǎn)

于大洋洲的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識別能力與兩歲的人類相似）”可推知，本文主要介紹了會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。

D項“Cockatoos:SkilfiIlShaPeSOlIerS（鳳頭鸚鵡：識別形狀的熟練工）”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故

選D。

說明文類選標(biāo)題（2021年新高考I卷，保留原題序號）

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithan

astonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.

Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimalealargepartofthese

resources.Millionsofwaterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitious

sportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducing

waterfowlhabitat（棲息地）.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasinglyconcernednationtook

firmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（遷徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirSurvivaLUnderthis

Act,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.Thevery

firstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJN“Ding”DarlingapoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthat

timewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillingly

paythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchase

wetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwill

beprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothat

Fundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalled

oneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.

C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.

B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.

D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheFederalDuckStampStory

B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl

D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。美國為了保護(hù)“水禽”而頒布的一項政策，即狩獵者要購買相關(guān)的水禽類郵票。政

府把售賣所得撥給保護(hù)這些水禽的基金。

28.Ao細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)該段中“Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasing

populations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat."（數(shù)百萬英畝的濕地被抽干，以養(yǎng)活不斷增加的人口，供其居

住，這大大減少了水禽的棲息地。）可知，造成北美水禽數(shù)量急劇減少的原因之一是它們棲息地的減少。

29.Co詞義猜測題。文章前兩句"WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskies

andlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyOfwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareoftheseprecious

naturalresourcesWiSely尸（當(dāng)探險家們第一次踏上北美洲大陸時，天上和大地上有許多各種各樣的野生動物。

美洲土著人很聰明地保護(hù)了這些寶貴的自然資源。）下一句中的UnfOrtimately表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義，由此推斷，畫線單

詞所在句"Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatea

IargePartoftheSere§01IrCeS（不幸的是，僅僅幾十年后，探險家和定居者就毀滅了大部分資源。）也就是說，

畫線單詞decimate意思是“破壞；毀滅（destroy）首段最后兩句"MiHionsofwaterfowlwerekilledatthehands

ofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeed

andhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.”進(jìn)一步說明了“探險家和定居者對

這里資源的破壞”。

30.Do推理判斷題。由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“theActpas雕din1934”定位到文章第三段。根據(jù)該段中“About98CelltS

ofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsand

wildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbe

protectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothat

Fundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresOfhabitat."（每枚鴨子郵票上的98美分將直接投入候鳥保護(hù)基金，

用于購買濕地和野生動物棲息地，以便納入國家野生動物保護(hù)系統(tǒng)一這一事實確保了這片土地將受到保護(hù)，并

為子孫后代提供可用資源。自1934年以來，超過5億美元流入該基金購買了超過500萬英畝的棲息地。）可知，

這項法案的通過使得政府籌集到了大量資金，用以保護(hù)水禽和它們的棲息地。

31.Ao主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是美國鴨票的故事（TheFederalDuckStampStory）,全文都是圍繞著這

個主旨展開的。首段介紹了美國鴨票發(fā)行的背景，第二段介紹了美國鴨票發(fā)行的經(jīng)過，第三段講述了美國鴨票

發(fā)行帶來的種種好處。最后一句"LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemost

successfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.”更是點(diǎn)明主題。由此可知，選項A最能概括全文主旨。

議論文類選標(biāo)題（2022年北京卷D卷，保留原題序號）

（2022?北京?高考真題）Quantum（量子）computershavebeenonmymindalotlately.Afriendhasbeen

sendingmearticlesonhowquantumcomputersmighthelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengeswefaceashumans.I,ve

alsohadexchangeswithtwoquantum-computingexperts.OneiscomputerscientistChrisJohnsonwho?seeassomeone

whohelpskeepthefieldhonest.TheotherisphysicistPhilipTaylor.

Fordecades,quantumcomputinghasbeenlittlemorethanalaboratorycuriosity.Now,bigtechcompanieshave

investedinquantumcomputing,ashavemanysmallerones.AccordingtoBusinessWeekly,quantummachinescould

helpus“curecancer,andeventakestepstoturnclimatechangeintheoppositedirection.,,Thisisthesortofhype（炒

作）thatannoysJohnson.Heworriesthatresearchersaremakingpromisestheycan,tkeep."What'snew,^^Johnson

wrote,??isthatmillionsofdollarsarenowpotentiallyavailabletoquantumcomputingresearchers.^^

Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmaymisleadinvestors,journalists,the

publicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork,spotential.Ifresearcherscan,tkeeptheirpromises,excitement

mightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandanger,Johnsonwarns.Lotsofothertechnologieshavegonethroughstages

ofexcitement.ButsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallyPronetohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhaps

because"'quantum'standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn,tbeabletounderstand."AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylor,

whosuggestedthatIreadhisbookQforQuantum.

AfterIreadthebook,Taylorpatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutit.Healsoansweredmyquestionsabout

PyQuantum,thefirmheco-foundedin2016.TaylorsharesJohnson,sconcernsabouthype,buthesaysthoseconcerns

donotapplytoPyQuantum.

Thecompany,hesays,iscloserthananyotherfirm“byaverylargemargin（幅度）“tobuildinga??usefuΓ,

quantumcomputer,onethat4tsolvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnothavebeenabletosolveotherwise.^^Headds,

“Peoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinions,butIhavespentalotoftimequantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoing

withothers.^^

,,,,

CouldPyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition“byawidemargin5asTaylorclaims?Idontknow.Im

certainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.But?trustTaylor,justasItrust

Johnson.

3?.RegardingJohnson,sconcerns,theauthorfeels.

A.sympatheticB.unconcernedC.doubtfulD.excited

32.WhatleadstoTaylor,soptimismaboutquantumcomputing?

A.Hisdominanceinphysics.

B.Thecompetitioninthefield.

C.HisconfidenceinPyQuantum.

D.Theinvestmentoftechcompanies.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prone“inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Open.B.Cool.C.Useful.D.Resistant.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.IsJohnsonMoreCompetentThanTaylor?

B.IsQuantumComputingRedefiningTechnology?

C.WillQuantumComputersEverComeintoBeing?

D.WillQuantumComputingEverLiveUptoItsHype?

【答案】31.A32.C33.A34.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了“量子計算真的會像它的宣傳那樣成功嗎？”，計算機(jī)科學(xué)家克里斯?

約翰遜和物理學(xué)家菲利普?泰勒分別闡明了自己的觀點(diǎn)。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmay

misleadinvestors,journalists,thepublicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork,spotential.Ifresearchers

can'tkeeptheirpromises,excitementmightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandangeηJohnsonwarns.（隨

著量子計算吸引了更多的關(guān)注和資金，研究人員可能會誤導(dǎo)投資者、記者、公眾，最糟糕的是，他們自己的工

作潛力。約翰遜警告說，如果研究人員不能兌現(xiàn)承諾，興奮可能會讓位于懷疑、失望和憤怒）”根據(jù)最后一段“But

ItnlStTayIor,justasItrustJohnson."（但我相信泰勒，就像我相信約翰遜一樣）可知，關(guān)于約翰遜的擔(dān)憂，作

者是支持的。A.sympathetic同情的，贊同的；B.unconcerned不關(guān)心的；C.doubtful懷疑的；D.excited激動

的。故選A。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Thecompany,hesays,iscloserthananyotherfirm"byaverylargemargin

（幅度）"tobuildinga“useful“quantumcomputer,onethatλsolvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnot

havebeenabletosolveotherwise."Headds,“Peoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinions,butIhavespentalot

oftimequantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoingwithothers.,,（他說，這家公司比其他任何公司都“在很大

程度上”接近于制造出“有用的”量子計算機(jī)，它“解決了一個有影響力的問題，否則我們無法解決這個問題*

他補(bǔ)充說：“人們自然會不相信我的觀點(diǎn)，但我已經(jīng)花了很多時間來定量地比較我們與他人的做法）“可知，泰勒

對量子計算的樂觀來源于他對PyQuantum的信心。故選Co

33.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三自然段wButsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallypronetohype,

Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecausewquantum,standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn,tbeabletounderstand.w

（但約翰遜表明，量子計算的某些方面使得它特別Pn）IIe被炒作，可能是因為“量子”代表了一些你不應(yīng)該理

解的酷東西/）”可知，本句中含有一個原因狀語從句，因為““量子”代表了一些你不應(yīng)該理解的酷東西“，所

以它特別容易被炒作。故PrOne意為“易于……的"。A.Open.開放的；易受損害的；B.Cool.酷的；C.Useful.有

用的；D.Resistant.有抵抗力的。故選A。

34.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二自然段“Now,bigtechcompanieshaveinvestedinquantumcomputing,ashavemany

smallerones.AccordingtoBusinessWeekly,quantummachinescouldhelpus“curecancer,andeventakesteps

toturnclimatechangeintheoppositedirection.Thisisthesortofhype（炒作）thatannoysJohnson."（現(xiàn)在,

大型科技公司和許多小型公司都在量子計算領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了投資。據(jù)《商業(yè)周刊》報道，量子機(jī)器可以幫助我們“治

愈癌癥，甚至采取措施將氣候變化轉(zhuǎn)向相反的方向。這種炒作讓約翰遜感到惱火以及最后一段“Could

PyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition^byawidemargin,,,asTaylorclaims?Idon,tknow.I,m

certainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.（PyQuantum真的能像泰

勒所說的那樣“以巨大的優(yōu)勢”領(lǐng)先所有競爭對手嗎？我不知道。我當(dāng)然不會建議我的朋友或其他人投資量子

計算機(jī)。但我信任泰勒，就像我信任約翰遜一樣。）”可知，本文主要論述了“量子計算真的會像它的宣傳那樣

成功嗎？”，計算機(jī)科學(xué)家克里斯?約翰遜和物理學(xué)家菲利普?泰勒分別闡明了自己的觀點(diǎn)。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題

為“量子計算真的會像它的宣傳那樣成功嗎？故選D。

名校模擬演練

（2U2J杳?λL丁?局一校聯(lián)用階段練習(xí)）Asaparentoftwoyoungchildren,Isometimesfindmyselfsaying

less-than-perfectthings:"Ifyouspill（》西）thatmilkeverywhere,you,renotdrinkingmilkfortherestofyouror

“Holdon,Mommy,sonthephone.”（Notreally,MommyischeckingherFacebook.）

Butatthelibrary,Γmbetter.WhenI,matthelibrary,watchingmytwokidswithheadsbentoverbooks,?feel

certainΓmgettingonethingright.Andthatthingisplainly,thelibrary.

Itstartswiththewalkover,whenmysonsandIgatherupthebooksthataredueandheadoutthedoor.Natesitsin

thepushchair（折疊式幼兒車）andClarkholdsmyhandaswecrossthestreet.Wetalkaboutwhatwe,rerenewingand

howmanybookswe,regoingtoget.??It,sreallynicethatwelivesoclosetoourlibrary,,,Clarksometimesremarks.

WestartedgoingtothelibrarywhenClarkwasababy,?knewIwantedbooksandreadingtobeingrained（根深蒂

固的）inhislifefromanearlyage.ItookClarkthereatleasteverythreeweeks（whenthebooksweredue）startingwhen

hewasaroundsixmonthsold.HecametoknowourIibrarians-BevandBlossomarehisfavorites.Hebegantopractice

writinghisnamesothathe,dqualifyforhisownIibraiycard.

Assoonaswearrive,Ifeellikewe,reatourhappyplace.Youmaythinkit,sourhappyplacebecausemychildren

suddenlybecomequiet-letmeassureyouthat,snotit.IfrequentlyhavetoremindexcitedClarkandNatetowhisper.

I'mhappybecauseattheIibraiyIknowI,mdoingsomethinggoodforthem-withoutthecajoling（勸誘）that

good-for-themthingsoftenrequire.TheaddedbonusforabookloverlikemeisthefloodofjoythatcomeswhenIsee

eitherofmykidsturningthepagesofabooktheypulledofftheshelvesthemselves.

1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningherownwordsinparagraph1?

A.Sheisanimperfectparentattimes.B.Sheisaddictedtohercellphone.

C.Sheistiredoflookingafterkids.D.Sheisabsent-mindedandforgetful.

2.WhatpushedClarktopracticewritinghisname?

A.Hismother,srequirement.B.Thelibrarians,encouragement.

C.AlongingforBlossom,spraise.D.Adesireforhisownlibrarycard.

3.Whydoestheauthorfeelhappyatthelibrary?

A.Shecancajoleherkidsintoreading.B.Shecanenjoysomequietreadingtime.

C.Herkidsaredoingtherightthing.D.Herkidslearnalotfrombooklovers.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.MyIdeaAboutReadingB.MyLoveoftheLibrary

C.Library:DreamlandoftheYoungD.Reading:ASourceofKnowledge

【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。在家?guī)薜膵寢尠l(fā)現(xiàn)自己不滿意自己對待孩子的表現(xiàn)，但是在圖書館卻好多了，

可以為孩子們做一些有益的事。

1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段"Asaparentoftwoyoungchildren,Isometimesfindmyselfsayingless-than-perfect

things:"Ifyouspill（灑）thatmilkeverywhere,you,renotdrinkingmilkfortherestofyourlife."oraHoldon,

Mommy,sonthephone.”（Notreally,MommyischeckingherFaCebOok.）（作為兩個年幼孩子的父母，我有時

會說一些不太完美的話：“如果你把牛奶灑得到處都是，你就別想喝牛奶了”?；蛘摺暗纫幌?，媽媽在打電話J

（并不是，媽媽在看她的FaCebooko））”以及第二段首句"ButattheIibraiy,I'mbetter.（但在圖書館，我好多

了。）”可知，作者并不滿意在家?guī)Ш⒆訒r自己的表現(xiàn)，而在圖書館好多了?？赏浦J(rèn)為自己有時不是個完

美的家長。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段末句"Hebegantopracticewritinghisnamesothathe,dqualifyforhisownlibrary

card.（他開始練習(xí)寫自己的名字，這樣他就有資格申請借書證了。）”可知，Clark渴望擁有自己的借書證，這促

使他練習(xí)寫自己的名字。故選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段第四句"I'mhappybecauseatthelibrary?knowΓmdoingsomethinggoodfor

them-withoutthecajoling（勸誘）thatgood-for-themthingsoftenrequire.（我很高興，因為在圖書館，我知道我在

為他們做一些有益的事情，而不再需要做一些為他們好的事情所需要的勸誘）“可知，作者在圖書館感到很快樂

是因為她的孩子們在做正確的事。故選C。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Butatthelibrary」'mbetter.（但在圖書館，我好多了。）”以及末段首句“As

SOOnaSWealTive,Ifeellikewe'reatourhappyplace.俄們一至!∣,我就覺得我們在我們的快樂的地方。）“可知，

作者很喜歡圖書館。再結(jié)合全文可知，媽媽不滿意自己在家對待孩子的表現(xiàn)，但是在圖書館卻好多了，可以為

孩子們做一些有益的事，促進(jìn)了媽媽對圖書館的喜歡。因此B項“我對圖書館的喜愛”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)

題。故選R。

（2023春?浙江寧波?高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）1wasagraduatestudentinManhattanhavingbreakfastonmyrooftop

onSept.11,2001,when?witnessedplaneshittheTwinTowers.Formonthsafterwards,Ishookwithanxietyevery

morning.Unwillingtomedicate,Itriedeverythingelse.Mindfulnessmeditation（冥想）causedpanicattacks.Hotyoga

builtmusclebutdidnothingformyanxiety.IwenttotalksbyBuddhistmonksandmeditationteachershopingtoattain

innerpeace,butinvain.Finally,IattendedaSKYBreathMeditationclass,whichinvolvesa20-minutebreathing

regimen（養(yǎng)生之道）indifferentposturesandrhythms.ThoughIwentinskeptical,Icameoutcalm.Twodecadeslater,I

nevermissedadayofmybreathingpractice,notevenwhenIgavebirth.

I,vealsodevotedpartofmyresearchcareertostudyingthebenefitsofbreathingformentalhealthandwell-being.

Sevenyearsafter9/11,Iwasworkingwithveteransreturningfromwarwithpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).

Traditionaltreatmentshadfailedmanyofthem,somycolleaguesandIranarandomizedcontrolledtrialtotestthe

effectsofSKYbreathing.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,veteranspracticingSKYeverydayforoneweeksawtheir

anxietydroptolevelstypicalofthegeneralpopulation.

Eventhoughmostdidnotcontinuetopractice,theymaintainedthebenefitsayearlater.

Emotionsinfluenceyourbreathingpatterns,andchangingyourbreathingcanchangeyouremotions.Forexample,

anxietyandangercorrespondtoanirregular,short,fastbreath.Adoptingtheslowerandmoreregularbreathingpattern

thatcorrespondstoacalmfeelingsignalsrelaxationbyactivatingthevagusnerve(交感神經(jīng)),slowingheartrate,easing

bloodpressure,ands