國際事務研究院-人工智能的變革潛力與七國集團的作用 The Transformative Potential of AI and the Role of G7 2024

DOCUMENTIIAI24|03-MARCH2024ISSN2280-6164?2024IAI

TheTransformativePotentialofAI

andtheRoleofG7

byEttoreGreco,FedericaMarconi

andFrancescaMaremonti

ABSTRACT

Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)willhaveawide-rangingimpactonmultiplespheresincludingpolitics,securityandglobaleconomy.TheG7servesasacrucialplatformforadvancingdiscussionsandbuildingconsensusonAIgovernance.G7leadershaveadoptedInternationalGuidingPrinciplesandavoluntaryCodeofConductforAIundertheJapanesePresidency,corroboratingtheircommitmenttomakeprogressinthissphere.TopromotearesponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAItechnology,governmentsareatworktofacilitatedialogueandcooperationwithlike-mindedcountriesandinternationalagenciesandorganisations,whilepromotingamulti-stakeholderandawhole-of-societyapproachatanationallevel.On22January2024,theresponsibilityforthisinitiativeformallyshiftedtotheItalianleadership,whichisnowcalledupontotaketheconversationforwardandchannelthecollaborativelyeffortofG7leadersintoeffectiveimplementationandinteroperabilityofalliedAIregulatoryframeworks.Designingflexibleregulatorypackages,abletoaccommodatetherapidpaceoftechnologicalinnovationwhileensuringtrustworthiness,isapressingchallengeandapivotalstep.G7leadersarethusfacedwiththereasonabilitytodeliverprogressontheregulationofthedigitaldomain,tounlockthefullpotentialoftransformativetechnologies.

G7|Digitalpolicy|Italianforeignpolicy

keywords

ISSN2280-6164?2024IAI

DOCUMENTI24|03-MARCH2024

TheTransformativePotentialofAIandtheRoleofG7

TheTransformativePotentialofAI

andtheRoleofG7

byEttoreGreco,FedericaMarconiandFrancescaMaremonti*

Introduction

Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)willhaveawide-rangingimpactonmultiplespheresincludingpolitics,securityandeconomyatnational,regionalandgloballevel.

AI’spotentialtoenhanceproductivityandstimulategrowthissignificant,withprojectionssuggestingitcouldadd15.7trillionUSdollarstotheglobaleconomyby2030.1However,AItechnologieswillalsohavefar-reachingeffectsonthelabourmarketandmorebroadlyonthesocialenvironment,2potentiallyaffecting40percentofglobalemployment.3Theautomatisationofroutinetaskscangreatlycontributetoincreasinglabourproductivity,leavingspacetotheemergenceofnewjobrolesandhighervaluework.4Additionally,informationandcommunicationstechnologies(ICT)upskillingwillattracthighersalariesforworkers,withemployeesadoptingAItechnologiesearningupto21percenthighersalariesthanaverage.5

1PwC,SizingthePrize.What’stheRealValueofAIforYourBusinessandHowCanYouCapitalise?,2017,

/gx/en/issues/data-and-analytics/publications/artificial-intelligence

-

study.html

.

2KristalinaGeorgieva,“AIWillTransformtheGlobalEconomy.Let’sMakeSureItBenefitsHumanity”,inIMFBlog,14January2024,

/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/01/14/ai-will-transform

-

the-global-economy-lets-make-sure-it-benefits-humanity

.

3MauroCazzanigaetal.,“Gen-AI:ArtificialIntelligenceandtheFutureofWork”,inIMFStaffDiscussionNotes,No.2024/001(14January2024),

/en/Publications/

Staff-Discussion-Notes/Issues/2024/01/14/Gen-AI-Artificial-Intelligence-and-the-Future-of

-

Work-542379

.

4PetrPolak,“WelcometotheDigitalEra—theImpactofAIonBusinessandSociety”,inSociety,Vol.58(2021),p.177-178,DOI10.1007/s12115-021-00588-6.

5UniversityofOxford,ArtificialIntelligenceSkillsCanIncreaseSalariesbyasMuchas40%,24October2023,

https://www.ox.ac.uk/node/8765515

.

*EttoreGrecoisExecutiveVicePresidentoftheIstitutoAffariInternazionali(IAI)andalsoHeadoftheMultilateralismandGlobalGovernanceprogrammeoftheinstitute.FedericaMarconiandFrancescaMaremontiareresearchersintheIAI’sMultilateralismandGlobalGovernanceprogramme.

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Thus,AIhasundeniablyemergedasafocalpointinglobaldiscourse.Recentdevelopments,suchastheUnitedKingdom’spioneeringhostingoftheinauguralAISafetySummitinBletchleyPark,6theBidenadministration’sexecutiveorderonAI7andtheEuropeanUnion’slandmarkAIAct,8underscoretheincreasingattentionandurgencysurroundingAIgovernance.InternationaldiscussionsonAIgovernancehavealsoproliferatedwithinmultilateralforaandpartnerships–includingtheOECD,UNESCOandGlobalPartnershiponArtificialIntelligence(GPAI),9aswellastheEU-USTradeandTechnologyCouncilandtheEU’sDigitalPartnerships.

Inthiscontext,theG7servesasacrucialplatformforadvancingdiscussionsandbuildingconsensusonAIgovernance.10Regulatoryprogresshasbeenmade,withG7leadersadoptingInternationalGuidingPrinciplesandavoluntaryCodeofConductforAIundertheJapanesePresidency,11demonstratingadedicationtoresponsiblegovernance.12On22January2024,responsibilityforthisinitiativeformallyshiftedtotheItalianleadership,whichisnowcalledupontotaketheconversationforwardwhileworkingtoensureeffectiveimplementationandinteroperabilityofalliedAIregulatoryframeworks.

1.RegulatoryhurdlesintheageofAI:ChallengesandimplicationsforAIgovernance

Inrecentyears,governmentsgloballyacknowledgeAI’stransformativepotentialforbothprivateandpublicsectors.EffortstointegrateAIintopublicservicesformodernisationandefficiencyareunderway.Despitegovernments’effortstoworkcollaborativelytowardsguidingframeworksfortheapplicationofnewtechnologiesandAI,thisprocessfacesmajorchallengesduetobothdifferentapproachestodigitalgovernanceandstructurallimitationsoftheregulatorysystemsinplace.

6Seetheofficialwebsite:

.uk

.

7WhiteHouse,ExecutiveOrderontheSafe,Secure,andTrustworthyDevelopmentandUseofArtificialIntelligence,30October2023,

/briefing-room/presidential

-

actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use

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of-artificial-intelligence

.

8GianVolpicelli,“EUCountriesStrikeDealonLandmarkAIRulebook”,inPolitico,2February2024,

https://www.politico.eu/?p=4215105.

9Seetheofficialwebsite:

https://gpai.ai

.

10EmilyBenson,CatharineMouradianandPauAlvarez-Aragones,“PreviewingtheItalianG7Presidency”,inCSISCommentaries,20February2014,

/node/109432

.

11G7,HiroshimaProcessInternationalGuidingPrinciplesforOrganizationsDevelopingAdvancedAISystem,30October2023,

http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/summit/2023hiroshima/231030-ai-principles.

html

;G7,HiroshimaProcessInternationalCodeofConductforOrganizationsDevelopingAdvancedAISystems,30October2023,

http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/summit/2023hiroshima/231030-ai-code

-

of-conduct.html

.

12EuropeanCommission,CommissionWelcomesG7Leaders’AgreementonGuidingPrinciplesandaCodeofConductonArtificialIntelligence,30October2023,

https://ec.europa.eu/commission/

presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_5379

.

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TheTransformativePotentialofAIandtheRoleofG7

First,countrieshavedifferentapproachestoregulationofthedigitaldomain,whichmightamplifyregionaldividesandpotentiallyresultinginfurtherregionalimbalances.Moreover,differentnationalstancesontechnologicalinnovationhindertheeffortsoflike-mindedcountriesandcooperationagenciestobuildclosertieswithotherregionsacrosstheworldinviewofdefiningsharedprinciplesandinteroperablegovernanceofAI.WhilecooperationbetweentheEUandUShasintensifiedthroughplatformsliketheTradeandTechnologyCouncil,differencesinstandardsettingsposeobstaclestomutualnormshapingandengagementwithotherjurisdictions.

Thesecondchallengestemsfromtherapidlyevolvingnatureoftechnologicaldevelopment.Buildingflexibleregulatorysystemsabletointegratesuchinnovativesettingsisapressingpolicychallenge.WorkingtowardscommondefinitionsoftherisksinvolvedinAIapplicationisalsocrucialtoeffectivestandardisationandharmonisationofpractices.

Discrepantmodelsofregulationhaveadverseeffectsonthecompetitivenessofdomesticprivatesectoractors.Forinstance,somemeasuresoutlinedintheAIActhavebeenmetwithresistancefromprivatecompanies,citingconcernsoverdisproportionatecompliancecostsandliabilityrisks.13Surveysofbusinessleaders

alsopointtoaneedfortargeted,preciseregulation,ratherthanbroadriskcategoriestoensurelow-riskapplicationsarenotundulyimposedexpensiveregulatorycomplianceobligations.Non-interoperableregulatoryregimes(whetherthroughdifferentstandardstoinformcompliance,orthroughdifferentunderstandingsofriskcategories)mayineffectconstitutenon-tariffbarrierstotrade,essentiallyforcingcompaniestoadaptAIsolutionstoadifferentregulatorymodel,whetherforexportorimport.

2.AdvancingAIgovernanceunderItaly’sG7:Implementationmechanismsandfutureaction

AsthelandscapeofAIgovernancevariessignificantly–spanningfromstringent,all-encompassingregulationstomorenuanced,sector-specificguidelines–achievingglobalcooperationandalignmentaroundtheseprinciplespresentsaformidablechallenge.G7memberstates,particularlyunderItaly’sPresidency,aimtoleaddiscussionstoestablishcoherentandeffectiveAIgovernancestrategies,buildingontheagendasetbythepreviousJapanesepresidency.14

13DanielAbbouetal.,ArtificialIntelligence:Europe’sChancetoRejointheTechnologicalAvant-garde,OpenlettertotheRepresentativesoftheEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCouncilandtheEuropeanParliament,28June2023,

https://www.igizmo.it/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Open

-

Letter-EU-AI-Act-and-Signatories.pdf

.

14EmilyBenson,CatharineMouradianandPauAlvarez-Aragones,“PreviewingtheItalianG7

Presidency”,cit.

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ItalianPrimeMinisterGiorgiaMeloni,inseveralinternationalfora,hashighlightedtheneedforthecreationofglobalgovernancemechanismsforartificialintelligenceinspiredbyethicalprinciples,15emphasisingconcernsaboutitsimpactondemocraticinstitutions16andthelabourmarket.17

TheG7HiroshimaProcess,initiatedunderJapan’spresidencyinMay2023,isasignificantefforttoharnessAI’spotentialforglobalbenefitwhileensuringethicaldevelopment.18OriginatingfromtheHiroshimasummit,itpromotesinternationalcooperationanddialogueamongG7memberstatesandbeyond,withafocusonestablishingcommonprinciples,standardsandframeworksfortheethicalandsecuredevelopmentanddeploymentofAI.19Theframework–theworld’sfirstinternationalefforttowardthatend–includeselementssuchasthe“HiroshimaProcessInternationalCodeofConductforOrganisationsDevelopingAdvancedAISystems”andthe“HiroshimaProcessInternationalGuidingPrinciplesforAllAIActors”,basedonOECDAIPrinciples.20

BuildingonthisgroundworklaidbytheJapaneseG7Presidency,theItalianleadershiphashitthegroundrunningwithclearpriorities.21Inthisregard,theseconddayoftheTechandDigitalMinisters’meetinginVeronaandTrentoon14and15MarchwillbeakeymomenttoputthespotlightonpromotingthesafeandethicaldevelopmentanduseofAIsystems,especiallyinthepublicsector.

Recognisingthecriticalrolethatdigitalinfrastructureplaysinenablingrobustandreadilyavailablepublicservices,theItalianPresidencyhascommittedtodevelopingaCompendiumonDigitalGovernmentSystems,whichwillprovidebestpracticesandcasestudiesonG7memberstates’useofandapproachestodigitalpublicinfrastructure.Additionally,itwillpromoteethicalandhuman-centredAIpracticesinthepublicsectorthroughthecreationofacomprehensivetoolkit,ensuringadherencetoethicalprinciplesandprioritisinghumanwell-being.Finally,themainobjectiveoftheItalianPresidencyistointegratetheresultsoftheHiroshimaprocessonAIthroughtheestablishmentofmechanismsforthevoluntarymonitoringoftheCodeofConductincooperationwithrelevant

15“Mideast,Ukraine,GlobalSouthandAI.AnticipatingItaly’sG-7”,inDecode39,8November2023,

/8194

.

16ItalianGovernment,PresidentMeloniattheG7Summit,20May2023,

erno.it/en/

node/22644

.

17ItalianGovernment,PresidentMeloni’sSpeechatthe78thUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly,20September2023,

erno.it/en/node/23621

.

18G7,G7Leaders’StatementontheHiroshimaAIProcess,30October2023,

http://www.g7.utoronto.

ca/summit/2023hiroshima/231030-ai.html

.

19“TheHiroshimaAIProcess:LeadingtheGlobalChallengetoShapeInclusiveGovernanceforGenerativeAI”,inKizuna,9February2024,

https://www.japan.go.jp/kizuna/2024/02/hiroshima_

ai_process.html

.

20OECD,“WhataretheOECDPrinciplesonAI?”,inOECDObserver,lastupdatedon2March2020,

/10.1787/6ff2a1c4-en

.

21WebsiteoftheMinistryofEnterprisesandMadeinItaly:G7Industry,TechandDigital2024-VeronaandTrento,

.it/en/g7-industry/g7-industry-2024-verona-and-trento

.

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stakeholders.ThiswillprobablybeakeypointofthedeclarationthatwillbeissuedattheG7MinisterialMeetinginTrento.

3.Threecriticalissues

Inthiscontext,theItalianPresidencyoftheG7shouldprioritisethreekeyissues:thedigitalisationofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)andthepublicsector,alongwiththeimplicationsofAIforresearchanddevelopment(R&D).

EmpoweringSMEsthroughAI:Challengesandopportunities.SMEsarethebackboneofmosteconomies.Theyaccountfornearly50percentofemploymentand90percentofbusinessesworldwide.22IntermsofAIsystemimplementation,earlyadoptershavetypicallybeeneitherlargecorporationsorsmallandhighlyspecialisedstart-ups.23Incontrast,despiterecentprogress,thereremainanumberofbarrierstothedigitaltransformationofSMEs.Oneisaccesstofinance,whichisoneofthemostcommonproblemsfacedbyaboutaquarterofSMEsintheEU24andbySMEsinemergingmarketsanddevelopingcountries.25Inaddition,inmanyOECDcountriesandregions,thelackofdigitalskillsandthelimitedawarenessofdigitalopportunitiesremainmajorbarrierstotheirabilitytoadapttoavolatilebusinessenvironmentandtoundertakelong-termtransformation.26

Nevertheless,theuseofAIsystemscanrepresentauniqueopportunityforSMEstokeepthepaceofanincreasinglycompetitivebusinessworld.Forinstance,27theintegrationofmulti-languagenaturallanguageprocessing(NLP)technologyintocustomerinterfacesmayhelpSMEstoexpandtheirmarketreachinthirdmarkets,enablingthemtocompetemoreeffectivelyonaglobalscale.Moreover,SMEsoftengrapplewithadministrativeburdens,whichcanimpedetheiroperationalefficiencyandgrowthpotential.Theyalsofrequentlycontendwithlimitedstaffingandtimeconstraints,whichposesignificantchallengestoeffectivemanagement.Insuchscenarios,AI-drivenautomationemergesasatransformativesolution.

Awareoftheprofoundaccelerationintheintegrationofnewtechnologiesintotheworldofproduction,theItalianPresidencyoftheG7hasdecidedtointegrate

22WorldBank,SmallandMediumEnterprises(SMEs)Finance,lastupdatedon16October2019,

/en/topic/smefinance

.

23EuropeanEconomicandSocialCommittee,BoostingtheUseofArtificialIntelligenceinEurope’sMicro,SmallandMedium-sizedEnterprises,Luxembourg,PublicationsOfficeoftheEuropeanUnion,June2021,

/10.2864/08775

.

24NicolaBilottaandIrenePaviotti,SMEsandAccesstoDigitalTools.BarriersandOpportunitiesforTransatlanticCooperation,EU-USTradeandTechnologyDialoguePublications,3May2023,

https://

futurium.ec.europa.eu/node/10289

.

25WorldBank,SmallandMediumEnterprises(SMEs)Finance,cit.

26OECDDigitalforSMEsGlobalInitiative(D4SME),ProgrammeofWork–Biennium2023-24,March2023,

/digital/sme/D4SME%20PoW%202023-24.pdf

.

27EuropeanEconomicandSocialCommittee,BoostingtheUseofArtificialIntelligence,cit.

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perspectivesfromindustryministersalongsidedigitalandtechnologyministers.ThisapproachwillbeexemplifiedintheaforementionedfirstMinisters’meetinginTrento,withonedaydedicatedtoindustryandtheothertodigitaltechnology.Thegoalistoemphasisetheinterconnectednessbetweentheseareasandensurethatthedevelopmentandadoptionofnewtechnologiesarefunctionaltoaconcreteincreaseintheproductivityandcompetitivenessofindustrialsystems.

Digitalisationofthepublicsector.Thedigitalisationofthepublicsectorrepresentsatransformationalchangewithprofoundimplications.Whileemergingtechnologieshavelongbeenrecognisedasadrivingforceintheprivatesector,theirimportanceinthepublicsectorcannotbeoverstated.Governmentsembracingdigitaltransformationcanenhancetheefficiencyofpublicadministration,leadingtoimprovedservicedeliveryandincreasedpublictrust.28

However,thejourneytowardsdigitalisationisnotwithoutitschallenges.AnOECDsurveyrevealedthreeprimarytypesofobstacleshinderingtheadoptionofemergingdigitaltechnologieswithinpublicsectororganisations,namely:(i)technicalandpracticalhurdlessuchasdataqualityissues,theabsenceofcommonstandardsandinteroperabilityissuesamongdisparateITsystems;(ii)resourceandcapacityconstraints,includingalackofspecialisedskillswithinpublicadministrations,lowlevelsofdigitalliteracyinsocietyandinadequateinvestmentinR&D;(iii)

institutionalandlegalcomplexities.Whatisneededisthereforeamultifacetedapproachtoaddressthetechnical,humanandinstitutionaldimensionsofdigitaltransformation.29

Nevertheless,recenteventshaveservedascatalystsforinnovationwithinthepublicsector,promptinggovernmentstoexplorenewavenuesforaddressingevolvingchallengesandexpectations.30Leadershipinpublicsectoradoptionofferstheopportunitytobothimproveoutcomesforcitizens,reducestressandpressureonpublicsectorworkersandstimulatenewmarkets.Theopportunitytotransformkeysectorssuchaseducationandhealthcareissignificant:intheUK,forexample,teachersusingCENTURY(anAI-poweredteachingassistantandtutoringsystem)aresaving6hoursaweekwhileoutperformingnationalgradeimprovementbyafactorof10,whileinhealthcare,NHSstaffestimatethattimespentonbureaucracycouldbereducedfrom50percentto30percentifgenerativeAIwasproperlyimplemented,savingonedayaweek.

28JamieBerryhilletal.,“Hello,World:ArtificialIntelligenceanditsUseinthePublicSector”,inOECDWorkingPapersonPublicGovernance,No.36(November2019),

/10.1787/726fd39d-en

.29BarbaraUbaldietal.,“StateoftheArtintheUseofEmergingTechnologiesinthePublicSector”,inOECDWorkingPapersonPublicGovernance,No.31(September2019),

https://doi.

org/10.1787/932780bc-en

.

30AndreaPerego,PeterUlrichandAlessandroDallaBenetta,InnovativePublicServicesObservatory,EuropeanCommission,March2020,

https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/

JRC120247.

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ResearchandDevelopment(R&D).AIapplicationtoR&Dhasalsogainedmomentum,corroboratingthetransformativepotentialofemergingtechnologiesandreshapingtheinnovationlandscape.Withitsabilitytoprocessmassiveamountofdatainrealtime,AIcandelivermajoradvantagesinmanyareas,boostingefficiencyandreducingcosts.AI’spatternrecognitionandpredictiveanalyticsalsoallowstounlockcomplexissuesandenhancedecision-makingcapabilities.ResearchshowsthatR&DisoneofthefieldsmostprofoundlyshapedbytheadoptionofgenerativeAI.31

AI-drivenresearchcanimpactanumberofareassuchasscience,finance,transportationandcommunication.Indeed,theaccelerationofscientificresearchcouldrepresentoneofthemostsociallyvaluableeffectsofAIadoption.Itcouldsupporteffortstotackleglobalchallengeslikeclimatechange,naturaldisastersandhealthcarecrises.InvestmentsinthestartupspromotingAIadoptioninthemedicalsectorhasspikedinrecentyears,althoughthehugeimpactofthisrevolutioncouldbedownsizedbydiscrepanciesacrossnationalregulations.32AI-drivenresearchbasedoninformationsharinghasalsofreedupthespaceofbroaderglobalcooperation.Thisrequireshoweverthattransformativetechnologyistrustworthy.Indeed,transformativetechnologyneedstobetrustedinordertoachieveitsfullpotential.Boththeprivateandthepublicsectorcarrygreatresponsibilitytofosterprogressinthisregard.

4.Lookingforward:RecommendationsforG7

1)Supportinginvestments

.G7governmentsshouldprioritiseinvestmentsintrustworthyAIinnovationwithinboththepublicsectorandSMEs.Theseinvestmentsarecrucialforfosteringinnovation,enhancingproductivityandensuringcompetitivenessintheglobaldigitaleconomy.

.Governmentalinterventionsshouldcomplementmarket-driveninvestmentsandtargetareasunder-fundedbytheprivatesector.

.ToincreaseAIadoptionacrosstheprivateandpublicsector,governmentsshouldundertakeinitiativestoincentiviseupskillingofICTaswellasnon-ICTworkforces,whichhaveproventobeinstrumentalinliftingtheAIadoptionrate.

2)Promotingeducationandminimisinginequalities

2.1Education:

.Giventhefunctionallinkbetweenacademic-ledresearchandthetechprivatesector,G7governmentsshouldworktobridgethegapbetweensupplyand

31McKinsey,TheEconomicPotentialofGenerativeAI:TheNextProductivityFrontier,14June2023,

/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-economic-potential

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of-generative-ai-the-next-productivity-frontier

.

32BenLeonardandRuthReader,“ArtificialIntelligenceWasSupposedtoTransformHealthCare.ItHasn’t”,inPolitico,15August2022,

/news/2022/08/15/artificial

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intelligence-health-care-00051828

.

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demand,trackingtheneedoftheirrespectivelocalmarketsandinvestingineducationalprogramsforyoungtalents.

.EmploymentofunderrepresentedgroupsintheAIfieldremainsmarginaltothisday.Government-fundedscholarshipsawardedtounderrepresentedgroupscancontributetoredressingtheimbalanceandensureequalopportunitiesandpromotesocialinclusion.

2.2Interdisciplinarityandinclusiveness

.G7governmentsshouldfavoursustainedpublicinvestmentswithlong-termhorizons;investmentsininter-disciplinaryfieldsarekeytoaddressingsocial,legalandethicalimplicationsofAI.

.PriorityshouldbegiventotheimplementationofresponsibleAIguidanceframeworksforAIdeploymentinpublicservices.ByembeddingethicalconsiderationsintoAIsystemsandprocesses,governmentscanhelpsafeguardagainstbias,discriminationandunfairtreatment,therebypromotinginclusivityandsocialcohesion.

3)Multi-stakeholderapproach

.TheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAItechnologyrequiresamulti-stakeholderandwhole-of-societyapproach.Thisincludesencouragingcollaborationamongdiversestakeholders–developers,deployers,experts,

academia,civilsocietyandusers–tofosterinnovation.G7governmentsshouldfacilitateknowledgeexchangeandcollectiveproblem-solvingacrossdiversesectorsbypromotingthesharingofbestpractices,insightsandexpertise.

.Byfacilitatingdialogueandcollaborationwithlike-mindedcountriesandinternationalagenciesandorganisationssuchastheOECDandGPAI,G7governmentscanleverageglobalexpertise,resourcesandbestpracticestosupportSMEsinharnessingthebenefitsofAItechnologies.

4)Aflexibleregulatoryframework

.CollaborationondefiningregulationsandharmonisingstandardsettingstoensureinteroperabilityshouldbeatoppriorityoftheG7.G7governmentsshouldworktoestablishcleardefinitionsandguidelinesforAItechnologies.TheyshouldalsostrivetoharmonisestandardsettingsforAItechnologies,drawinguponinternationalstandardsandbestpractices,andencourageprecision–andwherepossiblealignment–indefininghighriskusecases.

.RegulatoryframeworksshouldbeflexibleandadaptabletoaccommodatetherapidpaceoftechnologicalinnovationinAIsystems.Thisdoesnotnecessarilyentailcreatinganentirelyn