山東省日照市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末校際聯(lián)合考試英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

2023級(jí)高一上學(xué)期期末校際聯(lián)合考試英語(yǔ)試題本試卷共四部分，共12頁(yè)。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的條形碼粘貼在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesLucyusuallydoonWednesdays?A.Goswimming.B.Visitthechildren'shome.C.Playwiththechildren.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandofirst?A.Walkupthestairs.B.Takeupslowrunning.C.Trycycling.3.Whatdidthewomandoduringthetrip?A.Sheboughtmanybooks.B.Shewenttovisitanartist.C.Shetasteddeliciousfood.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inamarket.C.Onthestreet.5.Whattimedidtheshopclosetoday?A.At7:00p.m.B.At7:30p.m.C.At8:00p.m.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesthemansayaboutJulie?A.Heisproudofher.B.Sheishelpful.C.Shedidherbest.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotoschool.B.Eatatarestaurant.C.Buysomeclothes.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howtorideabike.B.Howtorunfaster.C.Howtogetfit.9.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Buyanexercisebike.B.Doaphysicalfitnesstest.C.Helpherstarttherunningmachine.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesmanandcustomer.B.Husbandandwife.C.Businesspartners.11.Whathavethespeakersreceived?A.Somedresses.B.Somebooks.C.Someshoes.12.Howdoesthemanplantodealwiththethingstheyget?A.Givethemtohissister.B.Donatethemtothepoor.C.Sellthemforsomemoney.13.Howmanypeoplewillmakeateamaccordingtothewoman?ATwo.B.Three.C.Four.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthenews?A.Concerned.B.Excited.C.Bored.15.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingaspeech.B.Carryingoutaproject.C.Givinganewsreport.16.Whatistheman'ssolutiontoglobalpollution?A.Avoidingcarbonfootprint.B.Increasingtheuseofcleanenergy.C.Puttingwastewaterintothesea.17.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisimportant?A.Supportfromgovernments.B.Schooleducationforfuturegenerations.C.Publicawarenessoftheiractions'effects.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whyisthespeakermakingthespeech?A.Amanagerisgettingmarried.B.Ateamisgettinganaward.C.Aco-workerisretiring.19.WhendidthespeakerfirstmeetJack?A.10yearsago.B.35yearsago.C.40yearsago.20.Whatwillhappennext?A.Jackwillhaveaninterview.B.Apartywillbeheld.C.Therewillbeaconference.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AReadytoshowoffyourarttotheworld?Checkoutourguidetosomeofthebestartconteststoenterthisyear.WatermediaShowcasePrize:$2500firstprize,$1,250secondprize.EntryFee:$35.Requirements:Opentointernationalartists18yearsofageandolder.TheWatermediaShowcaseawardsoriginalartcreatedprimarilywithwater-basedmedia.JudgedbytheeditorsofWatercolorArtist,allwinnerswillhavetheirworkfeaturedinthemagazine.TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArtPrize:$4000firstprize,witha$13,500totalprizefund.EntryFee:$40.Requirements:Opentoartistsworldwide.ThisdigitalartcompetitionisorganizedbyLumenArtProjectsLtd,whichprovidesnewopportunitiesfordigitalartistsaroundtheworld.CategoriesincludeStill,MovingImage,XR,3D/InteractiveandArtificialIntelligence.WorldIllustrationAwardsPrize:Acashprizeof$2,540andmorepublicityopportunities.EntryFee:$37.Requirements:Opentoartistsworldwide.Illustratorsareinvitedtosubmitworksto8differentcategories.Winnerswillwinnotonlyacashprize,butalsoafeatureinamajorexhibitionincentralLondon,andaninvitationtotheAwardsEveninginOctober.StrokesofGenius:TheBestofDrawingPrize:$2,000firstprize,$1,000secondprize.EntryFee:$45.Requirements:OpentoartistsintheUnitedStates.TheStrokesofGeniusCompetitioncelebratesoriginalworkmadeindrawingmediumsincludingpencil,charcoalandevensomewetpaintmediums.Winningentries(參賽作品)willbepublishedinaspecialeditionpublication,TheBestofDrawing.1.Whichcompetitionisrelatedtotechnology?A.WatermediaShowcase. B.TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArt.C.WorldIllustrationAwards. D.StrokesofGenius:TheBestofDrawing.2.WhatchancecanwinnersofWorldIllustrationAwardshave?A.TohosttheAwardsEvening. B.Toholdartexhibitionsglobally.C.Toselltheirentriesathighprices. D.Tobecomeknowntothepublic.3.HowistheStrokesofGeniusCompetitiondifferentfromtheothers?A.Itisfreeofcharge. B.Itawardsthelargestprizeinamount.C.Itisanationalcompetition. D.Ithasanagelimitforparticipants.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了四項(xiàng)藝術(shù)競(jìng)賽。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArt部分中“CategoriesincludeStill,MovingImage,XR,3D/InteractiveandArtificialIntelligence.(類別包括靜態(tài)，動(dòng)態(tài)圖像，XR，3D/交互式和人工智能)”可知，該競(jìng)賽與科技有關(guān)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WorldIllustrationAwards部分中“Prize:Acashprizeof$2,540andmorepublicityopportunities.(獎(jiǎng)品：現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)2540美元及更多宣傳機(jī)會(huì))”以及“Winnerswillwinnotonlyacashprize,butalsoafeatureinamajorexhibitionincentralLondon,andaninvitationtotheAwardsEveninginOctober.(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)卟粌H將獲得現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，還將在倫敦市中心的一個(gè)大型展覽中展出，并受邀參加10月份的頒獎(jiǎng)晚會(huì))”可知，WorldIllustrationAwards的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呖梢詾楣娝?。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)其它比賽歡迎世界各地的藝術(shù)家和StrokesofGenius:TheBestofDrawing部分中“Requirements:OpentoartistsintheUnitedStates.(要求：對(duì)美國(guó)藝術(shù)家開(kāi)放)”可知，StrokesofGenius比賽與其他比賽的不同在于它只對(duì)美國(guó)藝術(shù)家開(kāi)放，這是一項(xiàng)國(guó)家性的比賽。故選C。B13-year-oldAvaDorseyisthefounderofAva’sPetPalace,abusinessthatsellsorganicdogandcattreats.“IactuallyhadtheideawhenIwassixwithapictureIdrewofapalace,”shesays.Itwasadetaileddesignfordogsandcatsandshehadseriousplanstobuilditoneday.Unlikemostdogtreatsthatyoufindinstores,dogtreatssoldbyAva’sPetPalaceare100%organic,andarenon-GMO(非轉(zhuǎn)基因).Avahassetagoalforherselfwiththesedogtreats,andshewantseverytreattobehealthy,tasty,andtop-quality.Seriously,someofhertreatssounddeliciousenoughforpeopletoeat!“AllofmybagsnowhavetheUSDAorganicstamp,andwe'reveryexcitedtohavegottenitbecauseit'ssomethingI'vewantedforalongtime,”shesays.“Alotofstoresliketoseeorganicproductsbecausecustomerslikeit,sothatwasreallyexciting.”Avasaysthebiggestchallengeofbeingakidinbusinessiswhenpeopledon'ttakeherseriously,butundoubtedlyAvahasprovedthatherdoubtersarewrong!Whenaskedhowshedefines(定義)success,Avasays,“Whenyouhitabumpintheroad,youshouldn'tgiveupandyoukeeptrying.”Shelearnedthatfromhermom,whosoundslikeasmartlady!SomemorethingsAvahaslearnedfromheryearsinbusiness:Hardworkeventuallypaysoffandthereisnothingwrongwithaskingforhelp.Asfarasthefutureofthepettreatsindustrygoes,Avaisoptimistic——butshe’dalsoliketobeaninspirationforchange.“There’snotmuchdiversity(多樣性)rightnow,sothat’ssomethingIwouldlovetoseeinthefuture,”saysAva.“Iwouldalsolovetoseemorekidsinthisindustry.Therearen'tmanyotherteenagersaround,andIhopethatIcanbeaninspirationtootherswhohopetoleadthepetindustry.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutAva’sPetPalacefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itisapalaceforpets. B.Itisverypopularamongkids.C.Itsellsorganicpetfood. D.Itdesignsstampsforcustomers.5.Whatdoes“hitabumpintheroad”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Driveonastoneroad. B.Escapeasetbackinbusiness.C.Faceachallengingsituation. D.Encounteranunexpectedopportunity.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAva’sfuturegoals?A.Sheplanstoenlargeherbusinessinotherindustries.B.Shewantstoemploymoreteenagersinhercompany.C.Sheintendstobealeadingfigureinthepetindustry.D.Shehopestobreaknewgroundinthepettreatsindustry.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAva?A.Patientandhard-working. B.Determinedandcreative.C.Confidentandhumorous. D.Friendlyandoutgoing.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。主要介紹了13歲的AvaDorsey創(chuàng)立了一家銷售有機(jī)狗糧和貓糧的企業(yè)Ava’sPetPalace。她看好寵物零食行業(yè)的未來(lái)，同時(shí)也希望更多的青少年加入這個(gè)行業(yè)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“13-year-oldAvaDorseyisthefounderofAva’sPetPalace,abusinessthatsellsorganicdogandcattreats.（13歲的艾娃·多爾西(AvaDorsey)是艾娃寵物宮(Ava'sPetPalace)的創(chuàng)始人，該公司銷售有機(jī)狗和貓零食。）”和第二段“Unlikemostdogtreatsthatyoufindinstores,dogtreatssoldbyAva’sPetPalaceare100%organic,andarenon-GMO(非轉(zhuǎn)基因).（與您在商店中找到的大多數(shù)狗零食不同，Ava'sPetPalace出售的狗零食是100%有機(jī)的，并且是非轉(zhuǎn)基因的(非轉(zhuǎn)基因)。）”可知，Ava’sPetPalace致力于生產(chǎn)健康、美味和高質(zhì)量的有機(jī)狗糧和貓糧。故選C?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句“Whenaskedhowshedefines(定義)success,Avasays,‘’Whenyouhitabumpintheroad,youshouldn'tgiveupandyoukeeptrying.”（當(dāng)被問(wèn)及她如何定義成功時(shí)，艾娃說(shuō)：“當(dāng)你在路上遇到坎坷時(shí)，你不應(yīng)該放棄，你應(yīng)該繼續(xù)努力。”）”和第四句話“SomemorethingsAvahaslearnedfromheryearsinbusiness:Hardworkeventuallypaysoffandthereisnothingwrongwithaskingforhelp.（艾娃從多年的商業(yè)生涯中還學(xué)到了一些東西：努力工作最終會(huì)得到回報(bào)，尋求幫助并沒(méi)有錯(cuò)。）”可知，AvaDorsey認(rèn)為成功意味著面對(duì)困難時(shí)不放棄，并且學(xué)到了努力終會(huì)有回報(bào)，以及尋求幫助并不是一件壞事?！癶itabumpintheroad”這個(gè)短語(yǔ)指的是面對(duì)有挑戰(zhàn)的情況，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段前兩句話“Asfarasthefutureofthepettreatsindustrygoes,Avaisoptimistic——butshe’dalsoliketobeaninspirationforchange.“There’snotmuchdiversity(多樣性)rightnow,sothat’ssomethingIwouldlovetoseeinthefuture,”saysAva.（就寵物零食行業(yè)的未來(lái)而言，Ava很樂(lè)觀，但她也希望成為變革的靈感。“現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有太多多樣性，所以這是我很樂(lè)意看到的未來(lái)，”Ava說(shuō)。）”可得知，AvaDorsey看好寵物零食行業(yè)的未來(lái)，希望自己能給行業(yè)變化帶來(lái)靈感與啟示，期待行業(yè)內(nèi)更多的多樣性。由此可推斷她希望在寵物零食行業(yè)開(kāi)辟新領(lǐng)域使該行業(yè)呈現(xiàn)多樣性。故選D。7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“IactuallyhadtheideawhenIwassixwithapictureIdrewofapalace,”shesays.Itwasadetaileddesignfordogsandcatsandshehadseriousplanstobuilditoneday.（事實(shí)上，我六歲時(shí)就產(chǎn)生了這個(gè)想法，當(dāng)時(shí)我畫(huà)了一張宮殿的圖畫(huà)，”她說(shuō)。這是一個(gè)針對(duì)狗和貓的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)，她認(rèn)真計(jì)劃有一天要建造它。）”第二段“Unlikemostdogtreatsthatyoufindinstores,dogtreatssoldbyAva’sPetPalaceare100%organic,andarenon-GMO(非轉(zhuǎn)基因).（與您在商店中找到的大多數(shù)狗零食不同，Ava'sPetPalace出售的狗零食是100%有機(jī)的，并且是非轉(zhuǎn)基因的(非轉(zhuǎn)基因)。）”以及第三段“Whenaskedhowshedefines(定義)success,Avasays,‘’Whenyouhitabumpintheroad,youshouldn'tgiveupandyoukeeptrying.”（當(dāng)被問(wèn)及她如何定義成功時(shí)，艾娃說(shuō)：“當(dāng)你在路上遇到坎坷時(shí)，你不應(yīng)該放棄，你應(yīng)該繼續(xù)努力?！保笨芍?，AvaDorsey在6歲時(shí)便萌生了創(chuàng)業(yè)的想法。與普通寵物零食不同的是Ava’sPetPalace所售賣的零食是100%有機(jī)而且非轉(zhuǎn)基因的，并獲得了美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部有機(jī)認(rèn)證。作為一名年輕的企業(yè)家，AvaDorsey面臨很多挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是她因年齡小不被人看好，但她堅(jiān)持不放棄并最終獲得成功。由此可得知她堅(jiān)決果敢且富有創(chuàng)造力。故選B。CMushrooms(蘑菇)usuallygrowondark,dampforestfloorsorfallentreebranches.NowacompanyinAbuDhabihasfoundawaytogrowtheminthemiddleofthedesert.BelowFarmisproducingspecialmushrooms.Co-founderBronteWeirsaystheindoorfarm,about45minutes’drivefromdowntownAbuDhabi,isthefirstintheregiontogrowandsellhigh-endmushrooms.BelowFarm’sofferingsarebetterthanimportedmushrooms,shesays,becausemushroomslosetheirfreshnessquickly.Weirco-foundedthecompanyin2021,incooperationwithLilianaSlowinskaandWojciechSlowinski.Theymainlysellthemushroomstorestaurantsandstores.Also,theysellmushroomsdirectlytocustomers.Weirsaysthatexistingindoormushroom-growingtechnology,developedmainlyinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,isn’tdesignedforAbuDhabi’shighdaytimetemperatures,whichcantop40degreesCelsiusinsummer.WojciechSlowinskitooktheleadindevelopingasolution.Thefarmconsistsoffourspecialchambers(室)coveredinafoot-deeplayerofinsulation(隔熱材料)tohelpkeepthespacecool.“Wecancreatetherightconditionsforeachtypeofmushroom,”saysWeir.MaintaininghigherairpressureinsidetheroomshelpstoprotectthecropsfromAbuDhabi’swindsanddust.RajDagstan?,whorunsarestaurant,isafanofBelowFarm.“Thebest-tastingpizzaonthemenuisthemushroom,”saysDagstani,addingthathecreatedthedishafterhetriedoutBelowFarm’smushrooms.Henoworders20kilogramsofmushroomsaweekfromthecompany.Accordingtomarketintelligenceexperts,theglobalmushroommarketgrewbyover9%lastyearandcontinuestoexpand,partlyduetothepopularityofplant-baseddiets.8.WheredoesBelowFarmprobablylie?A.InuptownAbuDhabi. B.InthecenterofAbuDhabi.C.Inadarkdeepforest. D.Inthegrasslandofthedesert.9.WhatdoesBronteWeirdo?A.ApartnerinBelowFarm. B.AfounderofAbuDhabi.C.Amanagerofarestaurant. D.Ascientistinfarming.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewindoormushroom-growingtechnology?A.Itprovidesfreshairinsidetherooms.B.Ithelpstokeeptheheatoutofthechambers.C.Itoffersanewwaytokeepmushroomsfresh.D.Itpromotesthedevelopmentofmushroomvarieties.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromRajDagstani’swords?A.Plant-baseddietsbecomesmorepopular.B.Hisrestaurantsellsthebest-tastingpizza.C.Theglobalmushroommarketispromising.D.TheBelowFarm’smushroomsareofhighquality.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了一家位于阿布扎比的公司BelowFarm運(yùn)用新技術(shù)成功地在沙漠中種出特殊的高端蘑菇?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Co-founderBronteWeirsaystheindoorfarm,about45minutes’drivefromdowntownAbuDhabi,isthefirstintheregiontogrowandsellhigh-endmushrooms.(聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人BronteWeir說(shuō)，這家室內(nèi)農(nóng)場(chǎng)距離阿布扎比市中心約45分鐘車程，是該地區(qū)第一家種植和銷售高端蘑菇的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。)”可知，BelowFarm農(nóng)場(chǎng)位于阿布扎比郊區(qū)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Weirco-foundedthecompanyin2021,incooperationwithLilianaSlowinskaandWojciechSlowinski.(Weir于2021年與LilianaSlowinska和WojciechSlowinski合作創(chuàng)辦了該公司。)”可知，BronteWeir是該公司的合伙人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“WojciechSlowinskitooktheleadindevelopingasolution.Thefarmconsistsoffourspecialchambers(室)coveredinafoot-deeplayerofinsulation(隔熱材料)tohelpkeepthespacecool.(WojciechSlowinski率先提出了解決方案。農(nóng)場(chǎng)由四個(gè)特殊的房間組成，上面覆蓋著一英尺厚的隔熱層，以幫助保持空間涼爽。)”可知，新的室內(nèi)蘑菇種植技術(shù)有助于保持室內(nèi)的溫度。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘Thebest-tastingpizzaonthemenuisthemushroom,’saysDagstani,addingthathecreatedthedishafterhetriedoutBelowFarm’smushrooms.(‘菜單上最美味的披薩是蘑菇?！a(bǔ)充說(shuō)，他在嘗試了BelowFarm的蘑菇后創(chuàng)造了這道菜。)”推知，BelowFarm的蘑菇品質(zhì)很高。故選D項(xiàng)。DSmartphonesandotherdigitaldevicescontrolandconsumeourattention.Thisistrueforyoungpeople.Onpublictransport,theyarecheckingsocialmediaorplayinganaddictivegameratherthansleeping.Veryfewpeoplearereadingabookorhavingaconversationwithfellowtravelers.Childrentodayaredigitalnatives.Thismeanstheyhaveneverknownlifewithoutinternetaccess.Theyhavebeenraisedonclicks.Theyjumpfromcontenttocontentwithoutasecondthought.InthewordsofthephilosopherHaninhis2021bookNon-things,thiskindofnonstopexcitementmeansthatwequicklycometoneedanewexciter.Wegetusedtoseeingrealityasasourceofexcitersandsurprises.Westruggletofocusourattentiononanyonething.Thiswilldisturbourcognitive(認(rèn)知)system.Bookscantrainthebraintodeeplyfocusitsattentionononetaskwhilemobiledevicesencourageustohangoverthesurfaceofthings,butwedonotfullygraspthem.Whenwereceiveinformationinlargeamounts,itstopsbeingmeaningful.Whenfacedwithalargeamountofit,ourbrainsreactbyblockingtheinformation.Butthediscardedcontentdoesnotsimplydisappearfromourminds.Instead,itremains.Thispreventsusfromfiguringoutwhatweareinterestedin.Itlimitsourattentionlength.Mobilephoneaddictionandthewayyoungpeoplelearnarebothdirectlyconnectedtotheconceptofmindwandering.Toomuchinformationinputmakesusswitchoffandloseattention.Andthiscanbedamaginginthelongterm.Inordertorecoverattention,thebrainneedstotakeabreak.Itneedstofindtimeandspacewhereitcanbefreefromconstantnoise.Adultscanmaketheefforttofindthesemuch-neededspacestofocusattention.Children,ontheotherhand,havenotyetgainedthis.Theyruntheriskofneverrecoveringtheirattentionspans.Ifwegivechildrenandteenagersaccesstodigitaldevicesbeforetheyhavedevelopedtheseskills,theirattentionwillbefreetowander.Itwillthenbecomeharderandharderforthemtofocusonataskforthenecessaryamountoftime.12.Whatisacommonsceneamongtheyoungonpublictransport?A.Theyaretalkingwitheachother. B.Theyareusuallysleeping.C.Mostofthemareabsorbedinreading. D.Theyarelostintheirphones.13.WhatdoesHanthinkoftoomuchclickingsmartphones?A.Itreducesourabilitytofocus.B.Itweakensourneedforfunimmediately.C.Itincreasesourinterestintraditionalmedia.D.Itenablesustoseerealityasasourceofsurprises.14.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Mobiledeviceshelpustofullyunderstandbooks.B.Smartphoneaddictionstopsusformingalastingattention.C.Beingexposedtosmartphoneinformationblocksourbrain.D.Theinformationwegetwilldisappearsoonfromourminds.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Abookreview.C.Abiologytextbook. D.Asmartphonead.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了現(xiàn)代年輕人過(guò)度使用數(shù)字設(shè)備，導(dǎo)致注意力分散、認(rèn)知系統(tǒng)受損。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Onpublictransport,theyarecheckingsocialmediaorplayinganaddictivegameratherthansleeping.(在公共交通工具上，他們查看社交媒體或玩令人上癮的游戲，而不是睡覺(jué)。)”可知，在公共交通工具上年輕人沉迷于玩手機(jī)很常見(jiàn)。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“InthewordsofthephilosopherHaninhis2021bookNon-things,thiskindofnonstopexcitementmeansthatwequicklycometoneedanewexciter.Wegetusedtoseeingrealityasasourceofexcitersandsurprises.Westruggletofocusourattentiononanyonething.Thiswilldisturbourcognitive(認(rèn)知)system.(用哲學(xué)家韓在他2021年出版的《非物》一書(shū)中的話說(shuō)，這種不間斷的興奮意味著我們很快就需要一個(gè)新的興奮者。我們習(xí)慣于將現(xiàn)實(shí)視為令人興奮和驚喜的源泉。我們很難把注意力集中在任何一件事上。這會(huì)擾亂我們的認(rèn)知系統(tǒng)。)”可知，哲學(xué)家Han認(rèn)為過(guò)度使用數(shù)字設(shè)備會(huì)使我們難以專注，會(huì)擾亂我們的認(rèn)知系統(tǒng)。故選A?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Bookscantrainthebraintodeeplyfocusitsattentionononetaskwhilemobiledevicesencourageustohangoverthesurfaceofthings,butwedonotfullygraspthem.Whenwereceiveinformationinlargeamounts,itstopsbeingmeaningful.Whenfacedwithalargeamountofit,ourbrainsreactbyblockingtheinformation.Butthediscardedcontentdoesnotsimplydisappearfromourminds.Instead,itremains.Thispreventsusfromfiguringoutwhatweareinterestedin.Itlimitsourattentionlength.(書(shū)籍可以訓(xùn)練大腦將注意力深度集中在一項(xiàng)任務(wù)上，而移動(dòng)設(shè)備則鼓勵(lì)我們停留在事物的表面，但我們并不能完全掌握它們。當(dāng)我們接收到大量信息時(shí)，它就不再有意義了。當(dāng)面對(duì)大量信息時(shí)，我們的大腦會(huì)通過(guò)屏蔽信息來(lái)做出反應(yīng)。但被丟棄的內(nèi)容并沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單地從我們的腦海中消失。相反，它依然存在。這讓我們無(wú)法弄清楚自己感興趣的是什么。它限制了我們注意力的長(zhǎng)度。)”可知，智能手機(jī)成癮使我們無(wú)法形成持久的注意力。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章第一段中“Smartphonesandotherdigitaldevicescontrolandconsumeourattention.(智能手機(jī)和其他數(shù)字設(shè)備控制并消耗了我們的注意力。)”可知，本文主要講述了過(guò)度使用數(shù)字設(shè)備對(duì)于專注力的影響，所以文章可能出自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Yourfriendsareahugepartofyourlife,andit’sdifficulttofinallydecidetostophangingoutwiththem.Hereareafewpointsonhowtocutnegativepeoplefromyourlife.____16____Takesometimetothinkaboutthepeopleyouspendtimewith.Dotheytendtotakeadvantageofyouincertainsituations?Dotheyusuallydragyoudown?Dotheyalwayscomplainaboutthesimplestofthings?Onceyouthinkaboutthequestionsabove,you’llbeabletoseewhichofthepeopleinyourlifearenegative.Limityourcommunicationwiththem.Doyourbesttolimitcommunicationwiththem.Ifyou’retalkingtothemonsocialmedia,onaregularbasis,tryclosingthenotificationsfromthem.Keepyourselfbusywithyourownworkandgoals,____17____Searchfornewfriendcircles.Ifyoufeellikeyoursocialcircleisnothingbutthenegativecircle,trysearchingforanewcircle____18____Infact,thereareplentyofplacesonlinetofindpositivepeopletotalkto,andthereareplentyofplacestogoandmeetpeopleinreallifeaswell.____19____Ourroutinesplayabigpartinwhomwecommunicatewith,andhowwefeelThereareplentyofsituationswhereyoucouldbefacedwithpeoplewhoarenegative:whereyouwork,whereyouspendyourtimeonFridayandSaturdaynights,whoyoulivewithandwhoyoueatwith.Dependingonyourlifestyleandhowyourroutineforthedayisplanned,there’llbesituationsotherthantheabove.Negativepeoplearesometimesunavoidable._____20_____Ifhowever,peoplefilledwithnegativityhavebecomeclosefriendsofyours,itwon’tdoyouanygood.Yououghttocutnegativefriendsfromyoursurroundings.A.Showyourattitudetothem.B.Tellapartthosewhoarenegative.C.Manyofthemareeasytogetworried.D.Changeyourdailylifetoavoidnegativity.E.You’llcomeacrosstheminlifenowandagain.F.Thiscanhelplimittheamountoftimetocommunicatewiththem.G.It’swisetoconnectwithotherswhoaremorepositiveindividuals.【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些如何把消極的人從你的生活中剔除的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Takesometimetothinkaboutthepeopleyouspendtimewith.Dotheytendtotakeadvantageofyouincertainsituations?Dotheyusuallydragyoudown?Dotheyalwayscomplainaboutthesimplestofthings?Onceyouthinkaboutthequestionsabove,you’llbeabletoseewhichofthepeopleinyourlifearenegative.(花點(diǎn)時(shí)間想想和你在一起的人。在某些情況下，他們是否傾向于利用你？他們通常會(huì)拖累你嗎？他們總是抱怨最簡(jiǎn)單的事情嗎？一旦你思考了上面的問(wèn)題，你就能看出你生活中哪些人是消極的)”可知，本段的主旨是通過(guò)思考給出的問(wèn)題，辨別哪些是消極的人。故B選項(xiàng)“辨別那些消極的人”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Keepyourselfbusywithyourownworkandgoals(讓自己忙于自己的工作和目標(biāo))”可知，上文建議讓自己忙于自己的工作和目標(biāo)，故本句承接上文，說(shuō)明這么做的目的。故F選項(xiàng)“這有助于限制與他們交流的時(shí)間”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Infact,thereareplentyofplacesonlinetofindpositivepeopletotalkto,andthereareplentyofplacestogoandmeetpeopleinreallifeaswell.(事實(shí)上，網(wǎng)上有很多地方可以找到積極向上的人交談，也有很多地方可以去認(rèn)識(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的人)”可知，后文提到了在網(wǎng)上和現(xiàn)實(shí)中找積極向上的人交談，G選項(xiàng)中positiveindividuals對(duì)應(yīng)后文positivepeople。故G選項(xiàng)“和更積極的人交往是明智的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Ourroutinesplayabigpartinwhomwecommunicatewith,andhowwefeelThereareplentyofsituationswhereyoucouldbefacedwithpeoplewhoarenegative:whereyouwork,whereyouspendyourtimeonFridayandSaturdaynights,whoyoulivewithandwhoyoueatwith.Dependingonyourlifestyleandhowyourroutineforthedayisplanned,there’llbesituationsotherthantheabove.(在很多情況下，你可能會(huì)面對(duì)消極的人：你在哪里工作，你周五和周六晚上在哪里度過(guò)，你和誰(shuí)住在一起，和誰(shuí)一起吃飯。根據(jù)你的生活方式和你每天的日程安排，還會(huì)出現(xiàn)上述情況以外的情況)”可知，后文提到日常生活中會(huì)面對(duì)消極的人的情況，由此可知要根據(jù)生活方式和習(xí)慣進(jìn)行改變，從而避免這些人。故D選項(xiàng)“改變你的日常生活，避免消極”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Negativepeoplearesometimesunavoidable.(消極的人有時(shí)是不可避免的)”以及后文“Ifhowever,peoplefilledwithnegativityhavebecomeclosefriendsofyours,itwon’tdoyouanygood.Yououghttocutnegativefriendsfromyoursurroundings.(然而，如果充滿消極情緒的人已經(jīng)成為你的親密朋友，這對(duì)你沒(méi)有任何好處。你應(yīng)該和那些消極的朋友斷絕關(guān)系)”可知，上文提到消極的人有時(shí)是不可避免，后文提到要和消極的朋友斷絕關(guān)系，故本句只是說(shuō)明生活中遇到消極的人，還沒(méi)有成為朋友。故E選項(xiàng)“在生活中，你會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)地遇到這樣的人”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Peoplewithautism(自閉癥)generallyseetheworldthroughalensdifferentfromtherestoftheworld.Suchisthe___21___withAnthonySchmidt.Anthonyisdrivenbyhisloveforcars.Anthony’slargecollectionofmodelcarsis___22___,buthisloveforautomobilesdoesn’t___23___there.Healsohasagood___24___ofnearlyeverycar.Showhimacar,andhecan___25___youthecar’smake,modelandyearimmediately.Anthonyliveswithhismom,Ramona.Shesaysherson’scarenthusiasm___26___whenhewasabouttwoyearsold.Byage6,he’dbegun___27___aphotographingseriesoftableaux(畫(huà)面)starringhismodelcars.Ramonastartedapageonawebsiteto___28___Anthony’sextraordinaryworks.Withhismom’s___29___,Anthonyhasgoneontolaunchhisownproductlinethatincludesbooks,calendarsandphotographicprints.Tokeep____30____ofhismodelcollection,AnthonyusesanExcelspreadsheet._____31_____manypeoplewithautism,organizationandmathematicsareintrinsic(固有的)tohisworldview.Anthonylovescars.Hismomsayshe____32____tomakethemhislife’swork.Hehopesto____33____otherswithspecialneedsandtheirfamilies.“Youcansetyour____34____towhateveryouwant,”heexplained.Anthony’sdeterminedfocusopensa____35____toanotherworldandanotherwayofseeingaltogether.Andthatisapricelessgiftforallofus.21.A.case B.problem C.experiment D.trouble22.A.challenging B.demanding C.annoying D.surprising23.A.appear B.stop C.reduce D.change24.A.look B.opinion C.knowledge D.impression25.A.prove B.bring C.offer D.tell26.A.began B.increased C.continued D.remained27.A.checking B.creating C.enjoying D.describing28.A.admire B.design C.improve D.show29.A.promise B.courage C.help D.permission30.A.track B.pace C.aware D.ahead31.A.Including B.Considering C.Like D.Except32.A.agrees B.plans C.learns D.remembers33.A.employ B.contact C.teach D.inspire34.A.mind B.decision C.time D.position35.A.website B.window C.book D.collection【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.D26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了患有自閉癥的AnthonySchmidt從兩歲開(kāi)始對(duì)汽車感興趣，打算把它當(dāng)成一生的事業(yè)，并希望以此來(lái)激勵(lì)更多的人?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：AnthonySchmidt就是這樣一個(gè)例子。A.case例子；B.problem問(wèn)題；C.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；D.trouble麻煩。根據(jù)前文“Peoplewithautism(自閉癥)generallyseetheworldthroughalensdifferentfromtherestoftheworld.”和后文“Anthonyisdrivenbyhisloveforcars.”可知，AnthonySchmidt通過(guò)一種與其他人不同的視角來(lái)看待世界，就是一個(gè)這樣的例子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Anthony收集的大量汽車模型令人驚訝，但他對(duì)汽車的熱愛(ài)還不止于此。A.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；B.demanding要求高的；C.annoying煩人的；D.surprising令人驚奇的。根據(jù)后文“buthisloveforautomobilesdoesn’t___3___there.Healsohasagood___4___ofnearlyeverycar.”可知，Anthony收集的大量汽車模型并對(duì)它們非常熟悉，這是令人驚訝的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.appear出現(xiàn)；B.stop停止；C.reduce減少；D.change改變。根據(jù)后文“Healsohasagood___4___ofnearlyeverycar.Showhimacar,andhecan___5___youthecar’smake,modelandyearimmediately.”可知，Anthony對(duì)汽車的熱愛(ài)不止于此，他對(duì)幾乎每一輛車都非常熟悉。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Anthony對(duì)幾乎每一輛車都了如指掌。A.look看；B.opinion看法；C.knowledge知識(shí)；D.impression印象。根據(jù)后文“Showhimacar,andhecan___5___youthecar'smake,modelandyearimmediately.”可知，Anthony幾乎對(duì)每一輛車都非常了解。haveagoodknowledgeof是固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……很了解”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：給他看一輛車，他能馬上告訴你這輛車的品牌、型號(hào)和年份。A.prove證明；B.bring帶來(lái)；C.offer提供；D.tell告訴。根據(jù)前文“Healsohasagood___4___ofnearlyeverycar.”和后文“thecar’smake,modelandyear”可知，給Anthony看一輛車，他能馬上告訴你這輛車的品牌、型號(hào)和年份。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)，她兒子對(duì)汽車的熱情始于他兩歲左右。A.began開(kāi)始；