2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末測試卷

2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末測試卷

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

1.本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)

考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答第I卷時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.回答第II卷時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共30分，略）

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

TheWeekendRound-up

KidsConsignmentSale

Where:TrinityUnitedMethodistChurch∣Alexandria,VA

When:Saturday,8a.m.-12:30p.m.

Admission:Free

BeingaparentinAlexandriaischallengingandexpensive,butalittlehelpcomeseveryspringandfallfrom

theMOMSClubofAlexandriaNEConsignmentSale.Theeventoffersthousandsofchildren,sbooks,toys,

clothesandsuppliesforages0-10.Thelowpricesandhalf-pricesalehelpfamiliesstayonbudget（預(yù)算）.The

saleisalsoveryenvironmentallyresponsible,loweringtheneedforlandfill（垃圾填埋）andavoidingtheneedfor

newmaterials.

LastCallforFutureSketches

Where:ARTECHOUSE∣SouthwestDC

When:Throughouttheweekend

Admission:$16-20/adult,$8-10/child

ThisweekendisthelastchancetoexperienceFutureSketchesatARTECHOUSE.Immerse（沉浸）yourself

indigitalartasyouenjoyfunandunusualdesigns.Buyticketsonlineforadiscount（折扣）.

ComplimentaryCommunityDay

Where:NationalMuseumofWomenintheArts∣Downtown,DC

When:Sunday,12-5p.m.

Admission:Free

ThefirstSundayofeverymonthisagreatopportunitytoexploretheNationalMuseumofWomenintheArts

asadmissionisFREE!Worksspan（跨越）thecenturies,fromthe16thtothepresentindifferentkindsofmedia,

highlightingwomenartistsallovertheworld.

LaurieBerknerBand

Where:GordonCenterforPerformingArts∣OwingsMills,MD

When:Sunday,11a.m.&3p.m.

Admission:$36-65

Best-sellingchiIdren,smusicartistLaurieBerknerisreturningtotheDCareafortwoshows.Atruepioneer

inchiIdren,smusic,belovedbygenerationsofchildrenandparentsforovertwentyyears,she,llbeplaying

well-lovedhitslike“Bumblebee（BuzzBuzz）“and"WearetheDinosaurs“alongwithnewsongs.Kidsshould

plantobringtheirdancingshoesandastuffed（填充的）animal（fortheirheads）.

1.Wherecanparentsbuycheapgoods?

A.SouthwestDC.B.Downtown,DC.C.Alexandria,VA.D.OwingsMills,MD.

2.Howmuchshouldalittlegirlandherparentsatleastpayforenjoyingdigitalart?

A.$32.B.$40.C.$42.D.$50.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastevent?

A.GenerationsofchildrenandparentsloveLaurieBerkner,schildren,smusic.

B.ThekidsshouldcomeintheirdancingshoeswhenenteringGordonCenter.

C.ThechildrenshouldlearnLaurie,snewsongsaheadoftimebeforewatchingtheshows.

D.ttBumblebee（BuzzBuzz）"and“WearetheDinosaurs”aretwooldpiecesofsongs.

B

TheyaskedKatherineJohnsonforthemoon,andshegaveittothem.Withlittlemorethanapencil,aslide

ruleandoneofthefinestmathematicalmindsinthecountry,Mrs.Johnson,whodiedatIOlonMonday,

calculated（計算）theprecisetrackthatwouldletApollo11landonthemoonin1969and,afterNeilArmstrong's

history—makingmoonwalk,letitreturntoEarth.

YetthroughoutMrs.Johnson,s33yearsinNASAandfordecadesafterward,almostnooneknewhername.

Mrs.Johnsonwasoneofseveralhundrededucated,capablebutlargelyunrecognizedwomenwhowellbeforethe

modernfeminist（女權(quán)）movement,workedasNASAmathematicians.Butitwasnotonlyhersexthatkepther

longunsung.Forsomeyearsatmid-century,theblackwomenwereforcedtoadoublesegregation（隔離）:They

werekeptseparatefromthemuchlargegroupofwhitewomenwhointurnweresegregatedfromtheagency,s

malemathematiciansandengineers.

Mrs.JohnsonbrokebarriersatNASA.Inoldage,Mrs.Johnsonbecamethemostcelebratedofblackwomen

whoservedasmathematiciansforthespaceagency.Theirstoιywastoldinthe2016Hollywoodfilm44Hidden

Figures,,,whichwasnominatedforthreeOscars,includingbestpicture.

In2017,NASAdedicatedabuildinginherhonor.Thatyear,TheWashingtonPostdescribedheras“themost

high-profileofthecomputers"-''computers,,beingthetermoriginallyusedtodescribeMrs.Johnsonandher

colleagues,muchas“typewriters"wereusedinthe19thcenturytorepresentprofessionaltypists.

“Shehelpedournationenlargethefrontiersofspace,,,NASA'sadministrator,JimBridenstine,saidina

statementonMonday,??evenasshemadehugestepsthatalsoopeneddoorsforwomenandpeopleofcolorinthe

universalhumanquesttoexplorespace.”

AsMrs.Johnsonherselfwasfondofsaying,hertenure（任期）atLangley—from1953untilherretirement

in1986—was“atimewhencomputersworeskirts.,,

4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.TopresenttheApollomoonmission.

B.TostressMrs.Johnson,scontributions

C.TohonourNeilArmstrong'smoonwalk.

D.Topresentbreakthroughsinmoonexploration.

5.WhatbarriersMrs.JohnsonbrokeaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Genderinequalityandcolorline.

B.Mrs.Johnson,sunrecognizedtalents.

C.Theagency,smalemathematiciansandengineers.

D.Thehardshipsbeforethemodernfeministmovement.

6.WhywereMrs.Johnsonandhercolleaguesdescribedas“computers”?

A.Becausetheyusedcomputerstokeeptheirworksecret.

B.BecausetheyweretheNASA,shumancalculators

C.Becausecomputersystemsengagedthemdeeply.

D.Becausetheyopenedadoortoouterspace.

7.WhatcanweIeamfromMrs.Johnson,sexperience?

A.Trythingsthatmaynotwork.

B.Theworldawaitsourdiscovery.

C.Useknowledgetowipeoutignorance

D.Neverbelimitedbythelabelsgivenbyothers.

C

LacRoseinSenegalabout30kilometersnortheastofDakar,isthehighestSaIinity（鹽度）lakeintheworld.

Muchhighersalinityiswhatgivesthelakeitsfamouspinkcolorthatchangesfromaslightlyrosepinkinthe

rainyseasonintoasuperbrightpinkduringthedryseasonwhensalinityisatitshighest.

Thehighsaltcontentdrawsthesaltharvesters"攵獲者）toitsbanks.First,toprotecttheirskinfromthesalt,

theyputakindofnaturalvegetablefatontheirbodiesbeforeenteringthewater.Usingawoodentool,theydrag

thesaltintothebasketmadefromreeds（akindofplant）.

Therearethreedifferentkindsofsalt.There,satypeofverypowderysaltthatisonlygatheredduringthe

HarmattanwhenthewesternwindsblowfromtheSaharaoverWestAfricaeveryyear.Asthefinestorhighest

gradeofsalt,thepowderysaltisusedmainlyforcooking.Thesecondtypeofsaltisrougherandalwayspresentat

thebottomofthelake.Thistypeofsaltisgenerallyusedforgeneralcooking.Sometimesitisevenusedfor

buildingroads.Thethirdtypeofsaltistheroughestkindthatpeoplepreferfortheirbeautytreatments.Toharvest

thistypeofsalt,saltharvestersputsomewoodtothebottomofthelakeandovertime,bigsaltCryStalS（晶

體）begintoformonthem.

LacRoseisconsideredasaworldheritagesiteandtheIOCa1（當(dāng)?shù)氐模﹑eoplearewillingtosharetheirbeauty.

Thehealthy,naturalregulation（制度）oftheuseofthenaturalresourcesofthislakeisoneofthemostimpressive

aspectsofthecommunitysurroundingthislake.Therearenolawsneededtoprotectit.Everyonetakesalittlebit

ofwhattheyneedandnothingmore.Thereisenoughforeveryoneinthelocalcommunity.Itisagoodexampleof

thepowerofmutualrespectandtrustinlocalcommunity.

8.Whatcausesthechangeofthelake,spinkcolor?

A.Thetemperatureofthewater.B.Thesalinityofthelake.

C.Theheightabovesealevel.D.Theheightofthesun.

9.WhatcanWeknowaboutthesaltharvesters?

A.Theytrytodonoharmtothelakewhenworking.

B.Theyearnmuchmoneybycollectingsalt.

C.Theyareunabletousemoderntechnology.

D.Theysufferaskinproblembecauseoftheirwork.

10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethelocalpeople?

A.Poor.B.Brave.C.Responsible.D.Humorous,

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HistoryofLacRoseB.SalinityofLacRose

C.HarvestfromLacRoseD.PeoplearoundLacRose

D

Asisknowntousall,thestorieswesharewithoneanotheraresignificant,whichshowsourwisdom,

providingourinspirationandattachingimportancetoourdevelopment.Butoccasionallypeoplechoosenottotell.

Considerthenegativeeffectsofnotsharingastoryinthenews:Peoplearewonderingifpublichealth

officialsareholdingbacktoomuchinformationabouttherecentoutbreakofEbola.

Thereisadangerinholdingbackstoriesthatoughttobetold.BobetteBustersaiditwaslikethis,uThefact

is,historyhasshownusthatstoriesnottoldcanbecomelikeadangerousgenie（妖怪）leftinabottle.Whenthey

arefinallyuncorked,theirpowertodestroyissetfi*ee.”

ThereareanumberofreasonswhyWehidepartsofourstory:theyoftenshowourweaknessesorexposeour

disadvantages;theyrequirecourageandstrengthtoshare,andofcourse,therearesomestoriesthatshouldbekept

secret—especiallythosethatembarrasssomeoneelse.

Mostofushavetwoselves:theonewedisplayontheoutsideandtheoneweactuallyareontheinside.And

thebetterWegetathidingthestoriesthatshowourtrueselves,themoredamagewemaybecausingtoourselves

andtoothers.

Honestyandopennessisimportant.Itproveswearetrustworthy.ItdisplaysWearehuman.Wearenot

perfectorbetter.Ithighlightstheimportanceofhardworkandpersonaldevelopment.Hardworkmaynotallow

ustoovercomeourdisadvantagescompletely.Butwithhardwork,Wedonothavetoberestrictedtoourmistakes.

DoesthismeanWeadmiteveryweakness,everydisadvantage,andeveιysecretregrettoeverybodyWemeet?

No,ofcoursenot.Thereisatimeandaplaceandacertainlevelofrelationshipnecessaryforsomestoriestobe

toldinanappropriatemanner.

12.What,sthefunctionoftheexampleinParagraph2?

A.ItreflectsthatpeopleareconcernedaboutthespreadofEbola.

B?Itprovesnotsharingastorycancausetrouble.

C.Itconcludesthatoneshouldshareastoryatapropertime.

D.Itshowsthebadeffectcausedbysharingastory.

13.Whichiscloseinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“uncorked”inParagraph3?

A.freedB.brokenC.unfoldedD.untouched

14.Oneofthereasonswhypeopleareunwillingtoshareexperiencesisthat.

A.story-sharinghighlightstheimportanceofhardwork

B.somestoriesmakepeoplefeelsad

C.peopleareusedtoexposingtheirweaknesses

D.peoplesometimeshavenocouragetosharetheirstories

15.Thewriteraimstoconvinceusto.

A.removethedangersthatcanbecausedbyuntoldstories

B?beopentopeopleclosetoyoubysharingsomesecrets

C.sharestoriesappropriatelyforthegoodofothersandourselves

D.realizetheimportanceofbeinghonestwhenmakingfriends

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

AlbertEinsteinwasborninUlm,Germanyon14March,1879.16Einsteinwassosmartthatatage

16hewrotehisfirstpaper.However,Einsteindidbadlyatschool.17Heendedupatcollegein

Switzerland.Hisgradesmeantitwasdifficulttogetajobaftercollege,butafriendfoundhimworkfinally.

Alberthadagreatyearin1905,publishing（發(fā)表）fourscientificpapers!18Oneofthethingshe

researchedwasthatenergyandmass（質(zhì)量）aredifferentformsofthesamething.Thiswasexplainedbyhis

famousequationE=mc2.In1909AlbertwasfinallymadeaprofessorattheUniversityofZurich.Hecontinued

improvinghiswork,andin1915hepublishedhistheoryofgeneralrelativity（廣義相對論）.

In1919,oneofAIberfstheorieswasproved,makinghimthemostfamousscientistalive![9His

workchangedthewaywethinkabouttimeandspace,andalsohelpedwithdevelopmentslikethetelevision.

20Andin1933,AlbertdecidedtostayintheUSAforever.HebecameanAmericanin1940.

Sadly,Einstein,sworkwithatoms（原子）ledtotheinventionoftheatomicbomb.Albertspenttherestofhislife

takingpartinactivitiesforworldpeace.Hediedin1955.

A.AlbertspentlotsoftimeinAmerica.

B.Einsteinlovedtousehisimagination.

C.Hisworkturnedmodernphysicsonitshead.

D.Evenasanadult,Einsteinwasdisorganized.

E.Asachild,heenjoyedsolvingmathproblems.

F.Andhewonthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysics.

G.Oneteacherevensaidhe,dneverachieveanything!

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

WhenZouHongyanwelcomedhersontotheworldin1988,terriblebirthcomplications（并發(fā)癥）lefthim

disabledforlife.Doctors21hertogivehimup,aviewthatevenherownhusband22.asthey

believedtheboywouldleadamiserable,23life.Zou,however,rejectedtheirclaims,divorcedher

child,sfather,andmadeitherlife24totreatandsupportherbabyboy.

Zouworked25threejobstosupportherfamily.She26howtomassage(按摩)his

musclesandwouldplayintelligence27andpuzzleswithhim.

Themotheralso28fromthestartthathersonwouldIeamto29hisdisabilitiesasfaras

possible.Forexample,Dinghadproblemscoordinating(協(xié)調(diào))his30movements,andfoundit

difficulttousechopsticks.31manyrelativessaiditwasperfectlyunderstandable,Zouinsistedon

32himtodoso.

“Ididn,twanthimtofeelashamedabouthis33problems,,,shesaid.

Dinggraduatedwithabachelor,sdegreefromPekingUniversityin2011.Wecanonly34how

proudthishard-workingmomisofherson,sincredibleprogress,andhowgratefulDingDingmustbetohis

greatest35.

21.A.challengedB.forcedC.encouragedD.threatened

22.A.sharedB.agreedC.thoughtD.doubted

23.A.informalB.worthlessC.unfairD.irregular

24.A.styleB.standardC.beliefD.mission

25.A.atleastB.atonceC.atallD.atlast

26.A.learnedB.understoodC.knewD.wondered

27.A.videosB.jokesC.gamesD.tools

28.A.predictedB.insistedC.ensuredD.realized

29.A.hideB.acceptC.overcomeD.stand

30.A.bodyB.handC.armD.foot

31.A.IfB.UnlessC.UntilD.While

32.A.requiringB.remindingC.assistingD.training

33.A.potentialB.physicalC.urgentD.private

34.A.imagineB.witnessC.discoverD.admit

35.A.followerB.partnerC.supporterD.supplier

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Autumncelebrationsaroundtheworld

Countriesaroundtheworldhave36(they)ownspecialwaysofcelebratingautumn.

TheMid-AutumnFestival,also37(know)astheMoonFestival,isoneofthebiggestandmost

widelycelebratedharvestfestivalsintheworld,withpeoplefrommanyAsian38(country)including

China,MalaysiaandthePhilippines,markingthedaywithfestivecelebrations.Itisheldonthe15thdayofthe

eighthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar,39typicallylandsinSeptember.Thefestival40

(celebrate)asapublicholiday,withschoolsandofficesclosingtheirdoorssothatfamiliescangatherandgive

thanksfortheharvestandfullmoon.

OktoberfeSt(啤酒節(jié))isanothermajorautumncelebrationthat,whileoriginatinginGermany,hasinspired

localversionsaroundtheglobe.Theworld,slargestfolkfestival41(fall)inSeptemberandrunsfor

abouttwoweeks,featuringtraditionalBavarianfood,music,clothing,andmostimportantly,lotsofbeer!

42(interesting),manyothercountriesalsoenjoyforagingforseasonaltreatsduringtheautumn

months.InFrance,forinstance,themushroom-pickingseasonrunsfrommid-August43mid-September

withthousandsofpeopletakentotheforeststoparticipate.NottoodissimilartohowAmericanspickpumpkins

andBritscanbefoundcollectingconkers,Germansoftencollectchestnuts,acomsandbeechnutsthroughout

autumn.Keentomake44mostoftheseason,sweather,Germanscanalsobefoundflyingkiteswhile

enjoyingthechangingsceneryand45(power)winds.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

46.假如你是李華，你的美國筆友LUCy來信告訴你她在與父母相處的過程中遇到一些困難并希望你給她

提出建議。請你用英語給她寫一封回信，提出你的建議和理由。

注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右。

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearLucy,

Yours,

LiHua

第二節(jié)(滿分25分)

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Amerchant(∣?Λ)senthissontolearnthesecretofhappinessfromthewisestman.Theyoungman

wanderedthroughthedesertforalongtimeuntilhereachedabeautifulcastleatthetopofamountain.There

livedthewisemantheyoungmanwaslookingfor.

Inthecastle,hesawmerchantscomingandgoing,peopletalkinginthecornersandasmallbandplaying

beautifulmusic.Therewasatablewithdifferentkindsofdeliciousfoodsonit.Thewisemantalkedtoeverybody.

Theyoungmanhadtowaitfortwohoursuntilitwastimeforhimtotalktothewiseman.

Thewisemanlistenedcarefullytothereasonfortheyoungman,svisit.Hetoldtheyoungmanthatatthat

momenthehadnotimetoexplaintohimthesecretofhappiness.Hesuggestedthattheyoungmantakeawalk

aroundhiscastleandcomebackintwohours."However,Iwanttoaskyouafavour,,,headded.Hehandedthe

youngmanaspoon,intowhichheputtwodropsofoil.??Whileyouwalk,carrythisspoonanddon,tlettheoil

spill7,

Theyoungmanbegantowalkaroundthecastle,alwayskeepinghiseyesfixedonthespoon.Aftertwohours,

hereturnedtoseethewiseman."So,"askedthewiseman,“didyouseethebeautifulcurtainshangingfromthe

windows?Didyouseethegardenthatthebestgardenersinourcountrytooktenyearstobuild?Didyounotice

thebeautifulfurnitureinmylibrary?^^

Embarrassed,theyoungmanadmittedthathehadseennothing.Hisonlyconcernwasnottospillthetwo

dropsofoilasthewisemanhadtoldhim.

“Gobackandseethewondersofmyworld,,,saidthewiseman.44Youcan,ttrustamanifyoudon,tknowhis

house.,,

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Nowfeelingmorerelaxed,theyoungmantookthespoonandwalkedaroundthecastleagain.

“ButwherearethetwodropsofoilthatIgaveyou?^^askedthewiseman.

參考答案：

1.C2.B3.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要講的是周末的幾個活動的相關(guān)情況。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KidsConsignmentSale部分的“Thelowpricesandhalf-pricesalehelpfamiliesstayonbudget.（低價

和半價銷售幫助家庭保持在預(yù)算內(nèi)。）"和"Where:TrinityUnitedMethodistChurch∣Alexandria,VA（地點：TrinityUnited

Methodist教堂IAIeXandria,VA）”可知，父母在Alexandria,VA可以買到便宜的商品，故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LaStCallforFutureSketches部分的“Immerse（沉浸）yourselfindigitalartasyouenjoyfunand

UnUSUaIdeSignS.（當(dāng)你享受有趣和不尋常的設(shè)計時沉浸在數(shù)字藝術(shù)中。）"和“Admission:S16-20∕adult,$8-10/child（|'lM：成

人16-20美元，兒童8-10美元）”可知，一個小女孩和她的父母至少應(yīng)該為享受數(shù)字藝術(shù)支付的錢是$16*2+$8=$40,故

選Bo

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Atπιepioneerinchildren'smusic,belovedbygenerationsofchildrenandparentsforover

twentyyears,she,llbeplayingwell-lovedhitslikeuBumblebee（BuzzBuzz）"and“WearetheDinosaurs7'alongwithnew

SOngS.（作為一名真正的兒童音樂先驅(qū)，二十多年來深受一代又一代兒童和父母的喜愛，她將演奏深受喜愛的熱門歌曲，

如"Bumblebee（BuzzBUZZ）"和"WearetheDinOSaUrS”以及新歌。）"可知，"Bumblebee（BuzzBUZZ）"和"WearetheDinosaurs^^

是兩首老歌。故選D。

4.B5.A6.B7.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文（人物傳記）。文章主要介紹了女性黑人數(shù)學(xué)家KatherineJohnSOn。即使受到膚色和性別的歧

視，Johnson夫人也對美國航天事業(yè)做出了巨大貢獻。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"TheyaskedKatherineJohnsonforthemoon,andshegaveittothem.Withlittlemorethana

pencil,aslideruleandoneofthefinestmathematicalmindsinthecountry,Mrs.Johnson,whodiedat101onMonday,

CalCUlated（計算）theprecisetrackthatwouldletApollo11landonthemoonin1969and,afterNeilArmstrong's

history—makingmoonwalk,letitreturntoEarth.（他們向KatherineJohnson要月亮，她給了他們。約翰遜夫人僅用一支鉛

筆、一根計算尺和全國最優(yōu)秀的數(shù)學(xué)頭腦之一，計算出了1969年阿波羅11號登陸月球的精確軌跡，并在NeiIArmStrong

完成歷史性的月球漫步之后，讓它返回地球。Johnson夫人于周一去世，享年101歲）”可知本段是為了介紹Katherine

JohnSon對航天事業(yè)做出的巨大貢獻。故選B項。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Inoldage,Mrs.Johnsonbecamethemostcelebratedofblackwomenwhoservedas

mathematiciansforthespaceagency.（到了晚年，約翰遜夫人成為了為美國宇航局擔(dān)任數(shù)學(xué)家的黑人女性中最著名的一

位）”和第二段最后一句"Theywerekeptseparatefromthemuchlargegroupofwhitewomenwhointurnweresegregated

fromtheagency,smalemathematiciansandengineers.（她們被隔離在龐大的白人女性群體之外，而白人女性又被隔離在該

機構(gòu)的男性數(shù)學(xué)家和工程師之外戶可知，Johnson夫人受到了膚色和性別的雙重隔離，即她打破了膚色和性別歧視的雙

重障礙。故選A項。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句"Thatyear,TheWashingtonPostdescribedheras“themosthigh-profileofthecomputers^^

一"computers''beingthetermoriginallyusedtodescribeMrs.Johnsonandhercolleagues,muchas“typewriters“wereused

inthe19thcenturytorepresentprofessionaltypists.（那一年，《華盛頓郵報》稱她為“最引人注目的計算機”---"計算機”一

詞最初是用來形容約翰遜夫人和她的同事的，就像19世紀(jì)用“打字機”來代表專業(yè)打字員一樣廣可知，人們用機器來指

代這門從事相關(guān)工作的專業(yè)人員，所以Johnson夫人和同事們被稱為“computers”是因為他們在美國國家航天局從事的

計算工作。故選B項。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段'"Shehelpedournationenlargethefrontiersofspace,,,NASA,sadministrator,Jim

Bridenstine,saidinastatementonMonday,ɑevenasshemadehugestepsthatalsoopeneddoorsforwomenandpeopleof

colorintheuniversalhumanquesttoexploreSPaCe（“她幫助我們的國家擴大了太空的疆界，”NASA局長JimBridenstine

在周一的一份聲明中說，“實際上她也做出了巨大的努力，為女性和有色人種在人類探索太空的探索中打開了大門。“戶

結(jié)合第一段文章主題，可知這篇文章通過JohnSOn夫人的經(jīng)歷告訴我們即使自己是有色人種、是女性，我們依然可以取

得巨大成就。由此推知，從JohnSon夫人的經(jīng)歷，我們了解到不要因為別人給我們的標(biāo)簽而限制自己的發(fā)展。故選D

項。

8.B9.A10.C11.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了世界上鹽度最高的湖，玫瑰湖，怎樣收貨玫瑰湖里的鹽和當(dāng)?shù)厝藢γ倒搴?/p>

保護。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“LacRoseinSenegalabout30kilometersnortheastofDakar,isthehighestSaIinity（鹽度）lakein

theworld.MuchhighersalinityisWhatgivesthelakeitsfamouspinkcolorthatchangesfromaslightlyrosepinkintherainy

seasonintoasuperbrightpinkduringthedryseasonwhensalinityisatitshighest.（位于塞內(nèi)加爾達喀爾東北約30公里處的

玫瑰湖是世界上鹽度最高的湖。較高的鹽度使湖面呈現(xiàn)出著名的粉色，從雨季的微玫瑰紅變成旱季鹽度最高時的超亮

粉色。）”可知湖的鹽度導(dǎo)致湖面呈現(xiàn)粉色，故選B。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"LacRoseisconsideredasaworldheritagesiteandtheIOCa1（當(dāng)?shù)氐模﹑eoplearewillingtoshare

theirbeauty.Thehealthy,naturalregulation（制度）oftheuseofthenaturalresourcesofthislakeisoneofthemostimpressive

aspectsofthecommunitysurroundingthisIake.（玫瑰湖被認(rèn)為是世界遺產(chǎn)，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽敢夥窒硭麄兊拿利?。對湖泊自然資源

使用的健康、自然的管理是這個湖周圍社區(qū)最令人印象深刻的方面之一。）”可知當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽诠ぷ鲿r盡量不傷害湖水。故選

Ao

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"LacRoseisconsideredasaworldheritagesiteandtheIoCa1（當(dāng)?shù)氐模﹑eoplearewillingto

sharetheirbeauty.Thehealthy,naturalregulation（制度）oftheuseofthenaturalresourcesofthislakeisoneofthemost

impressiveaspectsofthecommunitysurroundingthislake.Therearenolawsneededtoprotectit.Eveiyonetakesalittlebitof

whattheyneedandnothingmore.Thereisenoughforeveryoneinthelocalcommunity.Itisagoodexampleofthepowerof

mutualrespectandtrustinlocalCOmmUnity.（玫瑰湖被認(rèn)為是世界遺產(chǎn)，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽敢夥窒硭麄兊拿利悺醋匀毁Y源使

用的健康、自然的管理是這個湖周圍社區(qū)最令人印象深刻的方面之一。不需要法律來保護它。每個人都只拿一點他們

需要的東西，僅此而已。當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的每個人都有足夠的食物。這是當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)相互尊重和信任的力量的一個很好的例子。）”

可知即使沒有法律保護，當(dāng)?shù)厝藢匆材芙】档氖褂?，由此可推斷?dāng)?shù)厝耸秦?fù)責(zé)任的，故選C。

11.主旨大意題。根據(jù)整篇文章尤其最后一段“LacRoseisconsideredasaworldheritagesiteandtheIoCa1（當(dāng)?shù)氐模﹑eopleare

willingtosharetheirbeauty.Thehealthy,naturalregulation（制度）oftheuseofthenaturalresourcesofthislakeisoneofthe

mostimpressiveaspectsofthecommunitysurroundingthislake.Therearenolawsneededtoprotectit.Everyonetakesalittle

bitofwhattheyneedandnothingmore.Thereisenoughforeveryoneinthelocalcommunity.Itisagoodexampleofthe

powerofmutualrespectandtrustinlocalCOmmUnity.（玫瑰湖被認(rèn)為是世界遺產(chǎn)，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽敢夥窒硭麄兊拿利?。對湖泊?/p>

然資源使用的健康、自然的管理是這個湖周圍社區(qū)最令人印象深刻的方面之一。不需要法律來保護它。每個人都只拿

一點他們需要的東西，僅此而已。當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的每個人都有足夠的食物。這是當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)相互尊重和信任的力量的一個很

好的例子。戶可知文章主要講述世界上鹽度最高的湖，玫瑰湖，怎樣收貨玫瑰湖里的鹽和當(dāng)?shù)厝藢γ倒搴谋Ｗo。C選

項“玫瑰湖的收貨”概括文章主旨大意，適合做標(biāo)題，故選C。

12.B13.A14.D15.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。本文主要向我們介紹了不分享理應(yīng)被分享的消息或情況會給我們帶來的負(fù)面影響，接著剖

析了我們不愿分享的原因，以及誠實和坦率的重要性，但最后一段告訴我們并非所有的東西都要去分享，而是要在合

適的時間地點，以一種合適的方式去分享。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Considerthenegativeeffectsofnotsharingastoryinthenews:Peoplearewonderingifpublic

healthofficialsareholdingbacktoomuchinformationabouttherecentoutbreakOfEbOIa.（想想在新聞中不分享情況的負(fù)面

影響：人們想知道公共衛(wèi)生官員是否對最近爆發(fā)的埃博拉疫情隱瞞了太多信息）”可知，第二段中例舉了不分享埃博拉情

況導(dǎo)致人們懷疑公共衛(wèi)生官員是否隱瞞疫情的例子，以此來證明段首"thenegativeeffectsofnotsharingaStOry”不分享情

況會帶來負(fù)面影響甚至麻煩的觀點。故選B項。

13.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Whentheyarefinallyuncorked,theirpowertodestro