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第第頁西夏王陵英文導(dǎo)游詞

Yuanhaoassumedtheimperialtitle,itwasknownasthe*iaKingdom.In1227,Western*iawasconqueredbyYuanemperorTaiZu.TheWestern*iahadtenrulingemperorsovera190yearperiod.ThesitesoftheimperialmausoleumswerechosennearbyattheeastfootoftheHelanMountains,25kilometerswestofYinchuanCity.

OnthesoutheastcorneratthefootoftheHelanMountainsaretwolargemausoleums,probablyJialingandYulingmausoleumsofLiJiqianandLiDemin,whowereposthumouslydesignatedEmperorTaiZuandEmperorTaiZong.Thearchitecturalarrangementofthemausoleumareamakesthesetwomausoleumsmostprominent,followedbyothersbuiltlater.

Likeotherimperialtombs,Western*iamausoleumswerecomposedoftwoarchitecturalunits,themausoleumgardensabovegroundandundergroundpalaces.Allthemausoleumgardensfacedsouth,andtheirarchitecturalformsabovegroundhavesomeuniquecharacteristics,thoughtheyarequitesimilartomausoleumsoftheTangandNorthernSongdynastiesinGong*ianCounty.

Basedonsomee*cavations,eachmausoleumhadaunifiedlayout,occupyinganareaofmorethan100,000squaremeters,surroundedbyinnerandouterwalls.Ateachcornerofthemausoleumgardenswerewatchtowers,providingvisualindicatorsoftheboundaries,servingfunctionssimilartothoseofwatchtowersoftheImperialPalaceinBeijing.Mausoleumgardenswereorganizedfromsouthtonorth:Stonegates,tabletpavilion,outercity,innercity,hallfurnishedasanimperialbedroomandspiritualterrace.

Ineachofthefourinnercitywallswasagate;betweenthehallandterracewasanearthridgeshapedlikeafishback,about50meterslong.Itwastheearthcoveringofthetombpassage.Thenortherntipoftheridgewasthehighestpointofthemausoleumgarden,andwasthemoundabovetheundergroundpalace.Themound,alsoknownasthespiritualterrace,canbeseenfromsomedistancebecauseofitsheight.

TheuniquecharacteristicsofWestern*iamausoleumsareclearlyvisibleonthespiritualterraces.ThemausoleummoundsoftheHan,TangandNorthernSongdynastiesaregenerallyhigh,square-basedpackedearthmoundswithtaperingtopscutflatandgentlyslopedsides.Completelydifferent,themoundsofWestern*iamausoleumslooklikesquatBuddhistpagodas,roundoroctagonalandabout20metershigh.E*amplesseentodayhavefiveorsevenstories,eachofwhichisbuiltwithflyingraftersoverlaidwithrowsoftiles,richlydecoratedwithaninterspersingofglazedgreentiles.Thesidesofthespiritualterracesarepaintedadeepred,theredwallsandthegreentilesprovidingastrikingcontrast,makingiteasytoimaginehowmagnificentthespiritual

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