高考英語讀后續(xù)寫高級(jí)句式及其仿寫練習(xí)講義

主語1+謂語，主語2+非謂語對(duì)照續(xù)寫高分句型學(xué)案進(jìn)行仿寫：主語1+謂語，主語2+非謂語一．獨(dú)立主格當(dāng)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，而前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作邏輯主語不一致時(shí)，便可使用獨(dú)立主格（主要?jiǎng)幼鳛橹^語動(dòng)詞，次要?jiǎng)幼鳛榉侵^語動(dòng)詞）。獨(dú)立主格屬于高級(jí)語法句，在書面語中可以使表達(dá)精準(zhǔn)、簡(jiǎn)潔，是老外在書面表達(dá)中最常用的一種句型，非常之地道。舉例：她打開信，她的雙手在激動(dòng)地顫抖著。這里有兩個(gè)主語(她、她的雙手)和分別兩個(gè)動(dòng)作（打開、顫抖），我們將打開作為主要?jiǎng)幼鳎ㄖ^語動(dòng)詞），顫抖作為次要?jiǎng)幼鳎ǚ侵^語的主動(dòng)形式）。所以可以仿寫為：Sheopenedtheletter,

herhands

tremblingwithexcitement.翻譯練習(xí)：他和爸爸握了握手，兩人同時(shí)交談。Heshookhandswithhisfather,bothtalkingatthesametime.隨著我的學(xué)習(xí)被完成，我相信我能達(dá)到(liveupto)你的期望。(With)mystudypleted,IbelievedIcanliveuptoyourexpectations.一個(gè)男孩站在門邊，雙手沾滿灰塵。Aboystoodbythedoor,hishandscoveredwithdirt.有這么多人幫助她，她迅速地完成了她的工作。(With)somanypeoplehelpingher,shequicklyfinishedherwork.他站在那里，感激的淚水在眼眶打轉(zhuǎn)。Hestoodthere,tearsofgratitudewellingupinhiseyes.別擋我的路，”蒂姆大聲喊道，他的聲音憤怒地在震動(dòng)著。“Don'tstandinmyway”Timyelledout,hisvoicequiveringwithrage.時(shí)鐘敲響了十二點(diǎn)，我上床了Theclockstrikingtwelve,Iwenttobed.給與更多的時(shí)間，我們能按時(shí)完成這個(gè)工作。(If)moretimegiven,wecanfinishtheworkontime.仿寫練習(xí)1.Hecriedandhisblueeyeswasshiningbehindhisglasses.Hecried,hisblueeyeswasshiningbehindhisglasses.2.IclaspedmyhandsbehindmeandIwastooshockedtosayaword.Iwastooshockedtosayaword,myhandsclaspedbehindme.3.Themanagersatquietlyintheofficeandhiseyeswereclosed.Themanagersatquietlyintheoffice,hiseyeswereclosed.4.Theboystoodthereandhisfacewasrigidwithanger.Theboystoodthere,hisfacerigidwithanger_5.AswehuggedRuthgoodbye,shesaidtome,“Thedayyoucalled,Iwasstillinbed”.Hertearswasshininginhereyes.AswehuggedRuthgoodbye,shesaidtome“Thedayyoucalled,Iwasstillinbed”,tearsshininginhereyes.常見獨(dú)立主格歸納tearswellingupinsb’seyes眼含淚水tearsstreamingdownsb’scheeks眼淚從臉頰流下eyesglitteringwithrelief/joy/excitement...眼里閃著eyesfilledwithanger/annoyance眼里滿含著facegleamingwithdelight臉上洋溢著heartbeatingwithhappiness/tension...心砰砰直跳handstremblingwithfear手顫抖Arms/legs/musclesachingandkneesshaking胳膊/腿/肌肉酸痛，膝蓋發(fā)抖doing/done...,主語+謂語...當(dāng)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，而前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作邏輯主語一致時(shí)，可將主要?jiǎng)幼髯鳛橹^語動(dòng)詞，將次要?jiǎng)幼鳛榉侵^語動(dòng)詞（分詞形式），只保留主要?jiǎng)幼鞯闹髡Z。如果邏輯主語和動(dòng)作為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞doing形式；若為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞done形式。舉例：男人無視(ignore)他的話，男人很快走開了。這里兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的主語都是男人，主語相同，只保留一個(gè)即可。我們認(rèn)為走開才是主要?jiǎng)幼?，所以走開是謂語動(dòng)詞，而無視是非謂語的主動(dòng)形式。所以可以仿寫為：Ignoringhiswork,themanwalkedawayquickly.翻譯練習(xí)：1.聽了這話，凱瑟琳跑得飛快。Hearingthis,Catherineranasfastasherlegcouldcarryher.當(dāng)我和媽媽一起裝飾(decorate)房子時(shí)，我不小心摔壞了一個(gè)昂貴的花瓶(vase)。Whendecoratingthehousewithmymother,Iaccidentallybrokeanexpensivevase.意識(shí)到我負(fù)擔(dān)(afford)不起繼續(xù)深造的事實(shí)，我不得不停止追逐(chase)我的夢(mèng)想。RealizingthatIcan'taffordtocontinuemyfurtherstudy,Ihadtostopchasingmydream.在知道我的英語很好之后，他給了我一份打字的(type)工作，答應(yīng)(promise)教我計(jì)算機(jī)，并提供住宿(acmodation)。AfterknowingthatmyEnglishwasverygood,hegavemeatypingjob,promisedtoteachmeputerandprovidedacmodation.猶豫了一會(huì)兒，馬克向安妮保證/承諾他會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。Hesitatingforawhile,MarkpromisedtoAnniethathewouldworkhardathisEnglish.發(fā)現(xiàn)附近有一家診所，她就進(jìn)去看看發(fā)生了什么事。Findingaclinicnearby,shewentinsidetoseewhathappened.她跪下，輕輕地把女孩抱在懷里。Kneelingdown,shegentlyheldthegirlinherarms.受到老師的責(zé)難和大家的嘲笑，他感到相當(dāng)?shù)牟话埠途趩?。Blamedbyhisteacherandlaughedatbyeveryone,hefeltratherupsetanddepressed.三．主語+謂語...,doing...和第二種句型一樣，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，而前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作邏輯主語一致時(shí)，可將主要?jiǎng)幼髯鳛橹^語動(dòng)詞，將次要?jiǎng)幼鳛榉侵^語動(dòng)詞，這個(gè)分詞就作為伴隨狀語。Thegirlbeganblowingherwhistle,

tryingtogetother’sattention。主語謂語（主要?jiǎng)幼鳎┓侵^語（次要?jiǎng)幼鳎┓g練習(xí)媽媽總是鼓勵(lì)我認(rèn)真對(duì)待教育(take...seriously)，說這是我們成功的唯一途徑。Mymotheralwaysencouragesmetotakeeducationseriously,seeingthatitistheonlywaytooursuccess.那個(gè)女人收拾好(packup)自己的東西，迅速向大門走去。Thewomanpackedupherthings,walkingquicklytothedoor.他雙手捧著頭坐著，不相信我的提議(建議).Hesathisheadinbothhands,notbelievingmyoffer.我站在那里，想知道我有多少次對(duì)像這位年輕母親這樣的陌生人做出反應(yīng)。IstoodtherewonderinghowmanytimesIhadreactedtoastrangerliketheyoungmother.四．主+謂1...,謂2...,and謂3....描述一系列的動(dòng)作。如果是同一個(gè)主語做了兩個(gè)動(dòng)作以上，可以用這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)：主+謂...and(then)謂...這可以進(jìn)行大量的動(dòng)作細(xì)節(jié)描寫，完整的交代過程。Theadultsputonperformance,chatted,

and

saidtheirgoodbye.（主語做了三個(gè)動(dòng)作）翻譯練習(xí)女孩停止了啜泣(sob)，從女人身邊退了(step)回來，開始唱歌。Thegirlstoppedsobbing,stepbackfromthewomanandbegantosing.她登上(board)飛機(jī)，坐在座位上，尋找她的書。Sheboardedtheplane,satontheseatandsearchedforherbook.那個(gè)女人從他手里抓起最后一塊餅干，皺緊眉頭怒視(glareat)著他.Thatwomangrabbedthelastcookiefromhishand,frownedandglaredathim.五．表情感類的形容詞,主+謂...情感類的形容詞單獨(dú)拎出來作狀語，說明主語的狀態(tài)，也是老外偏愛的句型。Eagerandexcited,

sheflaggedheryellowblouse,tryingtoattractothers'attention.

Davidkeptonrunning.—>擴(kuò)句Confidentanddetermined,Davidkeptonrunning.前加情緒形容詞Confidentanddetermined,Davidkeptonrunning,strugglingtoreachthefinishline.后加非謂語1.Nervousandscared,Petermanagedtostepontothestage,startingtodeliverhisspeech.2.Depressedandhelpless,Ericburstintears,情緒adj.1情緒adj.1＋情緒adj.2,sbdid/dosth,doingsth.感到...和...，某人做某事1，并做某事2翻譯練習(xí)憤怒和失望,我轉(zhuǎn)過身面對(duì)她。Furious/angryanddisappointed,Iturnedaroundtofaceher.我站在客廳門口，完全震驚了。Totally/Absolutely/pletelyshocked/stunned/Startled,Istoodatthegateofthelivingroom.讓安妮高興的是，馬克被他的同學(xué)包圍著，看起來就像是一個(gè)搖滾明星，開心和自豪。ToAnnie’sdelight,surroundedbyhisclassmates,Markseemedlikearockstar,cheerfulandproud.珍妮坐在那，說不出話來，震驚地麻木了。Jennysatthere,speechlessandnumbwithshock.極度地?fù)?dān)憂著，他們決定在這個(gè)地方等他們回來。Extremelyworried,theydecidedtowaitforthematthisplace.Determinedandinspired(感到堅(jiān)定和受到鼓舞的）,Davidraisedhishead,lookingatmewithgratitude.（2022全國(guó)1卷）Relievedanddelighted(感到放松的和快樂的),Davidwavedatmeimmediatelyaftercrossingthefinishline,conveyinghishappinessandgratitude.（2022全國(guó)1卷）Surprisedandtouched(既驚訝又感動(dòng)),Mr.AlderbelievedwhatIsaid,givingmeasecondchance.(2023廣東一模)Delightedandexcited(感到開心和興奮的),hereceivedtheadmissionletterfromUniversity.六．動(dòng)詞+副詞(ly)為使動(dòng)作精準(zhǔn)，給讀者在不在場(chǎng)時(shí)都有強(qiáng)烈的生動(dòng)的畫面感，經(jīng)常用副詞去修飾動(dòng)詞。她勇敢地靠近他，遞給他一串(abunchof)鑰匙。Shebravelyapproachedhim,handinghimabunchofkeys.她伸手去握住我的手，深深地望著我的眼睛。Shereachedouttoholdmyhand,lookingdeeplyintomyeyes.“我的姐姐剛剛?cè)ナ?，”她悲傷地說。“Mysisterhasjustpassedaway”shesaidsadly.副詞也可單獨(dú)拎出來放在句首，修飾整個(gè)句子，在句中作狀語。例如：難以置信的(難以置信的是),當(dāng)他照顧別人時(shí)，他感到自己一天比一天強(qiáng)壯。Incredibly,whentakingcareofothers,hefeltstrongerandstrongerdaybyday.通常,在這種尷尬的情況下，沒有人會(huì)期望她講話(givespeech)。Usually,insuchanawfulsituation,noonewouldexpecthertogiveaspeech.幸運(yùn)的是，我能從旅館的一位員工那里借到一把傘。Fortunately,Icanborrowanumbrellafromapersonnelofthehotel.時(shí)間狀語，主+謂...時(shí)間狀語一般放在句末，但有些時(shí)間狀語放在句首，能使行文連貫，邏輯合理。Shortly(不一會(huì)),afterwards(后來),hourslater,beforelong(不久以前),atthatmoment,afterthat,afterseeminglyalongtime,inthemeanwhile(與此同時(shí)),beforeIknewit...等。Forthefirsttimeinherlife,Mariafeltfrightenedandalone.有生以來第一次，瑪麗亞感到害怕和孤獨(dú)。翻譯練習(xí)過了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，我父親告訴我，他將在學(xué)校詢問(inquire)此事。Afterseeminglyalottime,myfathertoldmethathewouldinquireaboutitatschool.最終，突破(breakthrough)出現(xiàn)了：他能夠自己呼吸、吃飯和使用iPad。Eventually/Finally,abreakthroughemerged;hecouldbreathe,eatandusetheipadhimself.一個(gè)月后，馬克出現(xiàn)在波特尼的教室里。Amonthlater,MarkappearedinPortney’sclassroom._____與此同時(shí)，特洛和他的妻子跳上汽車緊跟其后。Inthemeantime,Tronyandhiswifejumpedintothecarandfollowed.主謂倒裝倒裝是個(gè)超級(jí)高級(jí)的句型，若能在你的作文寫對(duì)一句，將會(huì)提升你的整個(gè)檔次。(1)、Icouldnotpersuadehimtoacceptit,norcouldImakehimseetheimportanceofit.(否定詞放句首，后面主謂要倒裝)謂語主語Hehasneverheardsuchawonderfulstory.他從來沒有聽過這么美妙的故事?！鶱everhasheheardsuchawonderfulstory.翻譯：Jane在之前的人生中從未體會(huì)過如此強(qiáng)烈的后悔之情。(Never…)NeverhadJaneexperiencedsuchastrongfeelingofregretinherformerlife.(2)、Only+狀語（介詞短語/副詞/狀語從句），位于句首，部分倒裝。Onlywhenhereturnedhomedidherealizewhathadhappened.只有當(dāng)他回到家里時(shí)，才知道出了什么事。翻譯：只有以這種方法，我們才能學(xué)好英語。Onlyinthisway,canwelearnEnglishwell.(3)、地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首，且主語為名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞大多是表示走動(dòng)或狀態(tài)的不及物動(dòng)詞go,e,stand,sit,lie等時(shí)，完全倒裝。Underthetreesatonanoldman.一位老人坐在樹下。翻譯：華山山頂上坐落著(stand)一座寺廟。Atthetopofthemountainstandsatemple.(4)、在so/such...that...(如此...以至于)句式中，如果so/such引導(dǎo)的部分位于句首時(shí)，部分倒裝.Theweatherwassocoldthatwehadtostayathome.天氣太冷，以致于我們只好呆在家里。=Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.翻譯：天這么黑，以至于他看不見同伴的臉。(So…that…)Sodarkwasitthathecouldn’tseehispanion’sface.Jane太累了，以至于她一躺下就很快睡著了。(So…that…)SotiredwasJennythatshefellasleepashelieddown.(5)、as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前(形容詞,副詞,分詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前)。Althoughhedidtryhard,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.→Tryhardashedid,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.盡管他很努力的嘗試，他卻似乎永遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意地做這項(xiàng)工作。（although改成as）改寫：Thoughhestudiedhard,hestillfailedtheexam.→Studiedhardashedid,hestillfailedtheexam._翻譯：雖然他是個(gè)孩子，但他對(duì)電腦了解很多。Kidashewas,butheknowalotaboutputer.[2022廣州一模］盡管很焦急和不情愿，我還是按照爸爸的要求去洗碗。Anxiousandreluctantas/thoughIwas,IstillwenttowashthedishesatDad’srequest.[2023廣東一模］盡管他很害怕和擔(dān)心，Hector還是告訴了老師發(fā)生了什么。Scaredandworriedas/thoughhewas,Hectorstilltoldtheteacherwhathadhappened.強(qiáng)調(diào)句I.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語時(shí)常用：Itis/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分。1.Ihadfeltsoclosetomyparentsforthefirsttime.強(qiáng)調(diào)主語:ItwasIthathadfeltsoclosetomyparentsforthefirsttime.強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語:ItwasmyparentsthatIhadfeltsoclosetoforthefirsttime.強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語:ItwasforthefirsttimethatIfeelsoclosetomyparents.II.借助助動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞,常常借助于助動(dòng)詞：do/did/does+動(dòng)詞原形，意為“的確、千萬......”Remembertoclosethewindowwhenleaving.強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語：Doremembertoclosethewindowwhenleaving.我們確實(shí)希望今后有更多有意義的活動(dòng)。Wedidhopetherewouldbemoremeaningfulactivitiesintheingfuture.決定我們一生的，不是我們的能力，而是我們的選擇。Itisourchoicesthatshowwhatwetrulyare,farmorethanourabilities.就是她，不僅激勵(lì)了殘疾人，也激勵(lì)了無數(shù)健康的人。Itisshethatinspirednotonlythedisabledbutalsocountlesshealthypeople.我開始很害怕，但是喊叫確實(shí)有用。Iwasscaredatfirst,butshoutingdidhelp.無靈主語無靈主語即將沒有生命力的東西做主語。比如時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，自然現(xiàn)象等。常搭配有靈動(dòng)詞使用，即把沒有生命力的東西，賦予有生命力的動(dòng)作。從而增加主語的多樣性，使語言更生動(dòng)化。表示情感狀態(tài)的抽象名詞作主語基本表達(dá)：Iwasexcited.(換主語）Excitementseizedme.Awaveofexcitementsurgedthroughme.（一陣興奮涌上心頭)Asenseofexcitementtookholdofme.(興奮包圍了我）加短語Instantly,awaveofexcitementseizedme.加副詞Instantly,awaveofexcitementseizedmeasIheardthegoodnews.加從句例句1.Uncontrollably,awaveofnervousnesswashedovermeasIgavemyfirstspeechinhighSchool.2.Instantly,astrongsenseofexcitementtookholdofmewhenIknewthatIwasadmittedintoakeyuniversity.3.Suddenly,astrongwaveoffearenvelopedhimasthebeardrewnearer.翻譯練習(xí)當(dāng)意識(shí)到如果沒有耐心的說服和鼓勵(lì)，大衛(wèi)可能會(huì)放棄比賽，我突然感到一種強(qiáng)烈的擔(dān)憂和焦慮感。（2022.全國(guó)一卷）Suddenly,astrongsenseofworryandanxietyseizedmewhenIrealizedthatDavidmightgiveuptheracewithoutpatientpersuasionandencouragement.一種強(qiáng)烈的緊張和不安立刻涌上Hector的心頭，當(dāng)他敲Mr.Adler的門。（2023.廣東一模）Instantly,astrongwaveoftensionanduneasinesscameoverHectorwhenheknockedonMr.Adler’sdoor.當(dāng)主持人宣布她獲獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她無法控制地興奮極了。Awaveofexcitementtookholdofherwhenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize.Adv.,aAdv.,awave/senseof+情緒n.+固定動(dòng)詞+sb+as/whensb.did/dosth.當(dāng)某人做某事時(shí)，一股...情緒涌上心頭。表示身體部位和音容等名詞作主語表示身體部位和音容的常見名詞：face臉，laughter笑聲，smile微笑與之對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞有：lightup（照亮）,brighten（照亮）,linger（繼續(xù)存留）,wellup(涌出）,flash（閃現(xiàn)）例句1.Herface

litup/brightenedwhenIg