資源依賴學(xué)派之組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論評(píng)介

資源依賴學(xué)派之組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論評(píng)介一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle本文旨在評(píng)介資源依賴學(xué)派的組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論。資源依賴學(xué)派，作為組織理論的一個(gè)重要分支，強(qiáng)調(diào)組織與其環(huán)境之間的相互依賴和互動(dòng)關(guān)系。該理論主張，組織為了生存和發(fā)展，必須從外部環(huán)境中獲取所需的資源，同時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境中的不確定性和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在這一過程中，組織與環(huán)境之間形成了復(fù)雜的關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這種關(guān)系不僅影響著組織的內(nèi)部運(yùn)作，也塑造著組織的外部形象和戰(zhàn)略選擇。Thisarticleaimstoevaluatetheorganizationenvironmentrelationshiptheoryoftheresourcedependenceschool.Theresourcedependenceschool,asanimportantbranchoforganizationaltheory,emphasizestheinterdependenceandinteractionbetweenorganizationsandtheirenvironment.Thistheoryadvocatesthatinorderfororganizationstosurviveanddevelop,theymustobtainthenecessaryresourcesfromtheexternalenvironmentwhiledealingwiththeuncertaintyandrisksintheenvironment.Inthisprocess,acomplexnetworkofrelationshipsisformedbetweentheorganizationandtheenvironment,whichnotonlyaffectstheinternaloperationsoftheorganization,butalsoshapesitsexternalimageandstrategicchoices.本文將首先回顧資源依賴學(xué)派的基本觀點(diǎn)和發(fā)展歷程，然后分析該理論在組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系研究中的應(yīng)用和影響。接著，本文將探討資源依賴學(xué)派理論的優(yōu)勢和不足，以及該理論在未來組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系研究中的發(fā)展方向。本文將結(jié)合具體案例，對(duì)資源依賴學(xué)派的組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析和評(píng)價(jià)，以期為該領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)一步研究提供有益的參考和啟示。Thisarticlewillfirstreviewthebasicviewsanddevelopmentprocessoftheresourcedependenceschool,andthenanalyzetheapplicationandimpactofthistheoryinthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment.Next,thisarticlewillexploretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthetheoryofresourcedependence,aswellasthedevelopmentdirectionofthistheoryinfutureresearchontherelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment.Thisarticlewillcombinespecificcasestoempiricallyanalyzeandevaluatetheorganizationenvironmentrelationshiptheoryoftheresourcedependenceschool,inordertoprovideusefulreferencesandinspirationsforfurtherresearchinthisfield.二、資源依賴學(xué)派的基本理論TheBasicTheoryofResourceDependenceSchool資源依賴學(xué)派，作為組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論的一個(gè)重要分支，其核心理論主要圍繞組織如何適應(yīng)和應(yīng)對(duì)外部環(huán)境中的資源依賴問題展開。該學(xué)派認(rèn)為，組織無法自給自足，必須依賴外部環(huán)境中的資源來維持其生存和發(fā)展。這些資源可能包括資金、技術(shù)、人力、信息等各種形式。因此，組織必須通過與外部環(huán)境的互動(dòng)，獲取所需的資源，以滿足其內(nèi)部運(yùn)營和戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展的需要。Theresourcedependenceschool,asanimportantbranchofthetheoryoftherelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment,mainlyfocusesonhoworganizationsadapttoandrespondtoresourcedependenceissuesintheexternalenvironment.Thisschoolofthoughtbelievesthatorganizationscannotbeself-sufficientandmustrelyonexternalresourcestomaintaintheirsurvivalanddevelopment.Theseresourcesmayincludevariousformssuchasfunding,technology,manpower,information,etc.Therefore,organizationsmustinteractwiththeexternalenvironmenttoobtainthenecessaryresourcestomeettheirinternaloperationalandstrategicdevelopmentneeds.資源依賴學(xué)派強(qiáng)調(diào)組織與環(huán)境之間的相互依賴關(guān)系。組織無法完全控制其所需的資源，而必須依賴外部環(huán)境中的其他組織或機(jī)構(gòu)。這種依賴關(guān)系使得組織在面對(duì)環(huán)境變化時(shí)，必須采取相應(yīng)的策略來適應(yīng)和應(yīng)對(duì)。Theresourcedependencyschoolemphasizestheinterdependencebetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment.Organizationscannotfullycontroltheresourcestheyneedandmustrelyonotherorganizationsorinstitutionsintheexternalenvironment.Thisdependencyrelationshiprequiresorganizationstoadoptcorrespondingstrategiestoadaptandrespondtoenvironmentalchanges.資源依賴學(xué)派認(rèn)為，組織為了獲取和保持所需的資源，會(huì)采取各種策略來減少對(duì)外部環(huán)境的依賴。這些策略可能包括建立聯(lián)盟、合并或收購其他組織、尋求政府的支持等。通過這些策略，組織可以增加對(duì)資源的控制力，降低對(duì)外部環(huán)境的依賴程度。Theresourcedependencyschoolbelievesthatorganizationswilladoptvariousstrategiestoreducetheirdependenceontheexternalenvironmentinordertoobtainandmaintainthenecessaryresources.Thesestrategiesmayincludeestablishingalliances,mergingoracquiringotherorganizations,seekinggovernmentsupport,andsoon.Throughthesestrategies,organizationscanincreasetheircontroloverresourcesandreducetheirdependenceontheexternalenvironment.資源依賴學(xué)派還強(qiáng)調(diào)了組織內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和治理機(jī)制的重要性。為了有效應(yīng)對(duì)外部環(huán)境中的資源依賴問題，組織需要建立靈活的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和治理機(jī)制。這些機(jī)制和結(jié)構(gòu)可以幫助組織更好地適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化，提高資源獲取和利用效率，從而增強(qiáng)組織的競爭力和生存能力。Theresourcedependencyschoolalsoemphasizestheimportanceofinternalorganizationalstructureandgovernancemechanisms.Inordertoeffectivelyaddressresourcedependencyissuesintheexternalenvironment,organizationsneedtoestablishflexibleinternalstructuresandgovernancemechanisms.Thesemechanismsandstructurescanhelporganizationsbetteradapttoenvironmentalchanges,improveresourceacquisitionandutilizationefficiency,andtherebyenhancetheircompetitivenessandsurvivalability.資源依賴學(xué)派的基本理論為我們理解組織與環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系提供了一個(gè)重要的視角。它強(qiáng)調(diào)了組織在面對(duì)資源依賴問題時(shí)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略和內(nèi)部治理機(jī)制的重要性，為我們深入研究組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系提供了有益的參考。Thebasictheoryoftheresourcedependenceschoolprovidesanimportantperspectiveforustounderstandtherelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment.Itemphasizestheimportanceoforganizationalresponsestrategiesandinternalgovernancemechanismswhenfacingresourcedependenceissues,providingusefulreferencesforustoconductin-depthresearchontherelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment.三、組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論的核心要素Thecoreelementsofthetheoryoftherelationshipbetweenorganizationandenvironment資源依賴學(xué)派的組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論，其核心要素主要圍繞組織如何適應(yīng)和應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境的不確定性、稀缺性以及變化性。這一理論強(qiáng)調(diào)，組織并非孤立存在，而是嵌入在更廣泛的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治環(huán)境之中，這些環(huán)境為組織提供了必要的資源，同時(shí)也構(gòu)成了其運(yùn)營和發(fā)展的制約。Thecoreelementsoftheorganizationenvironmentrelationshiptheoryoftheresourcedependenceschoolmainlyrevolvearoundhoworganizationsadapttoandrespondtotheuncertainty,scarcity,andvariabilityoftheenvironment.Thistheoryemphasizesthatorganizationsdonotexistinisolation,butareembeddedinawidersocial,economic,andpoliticalenvironment,whichprovidesthenecessaryresourcesfortheorganizationandalsoconstitutesconstraintsonitsoperationanddevelopment.資源依賴?yán)碚撝赋?，組織必須依賴外部環(huán)境來獲取關(guān)鍵資源，如資金、人力、物資、信息等。這種依賴性使組織在面對(duì)環(huán)境變化時(shí)變得脆弱，因?yàn)橘Y源的獲取和穩(wěn)定供應(yīng)可能受到多種因素的影響，如市場波動(dòng)、政策調(diào)整、社會(huì)變遷等。因此，組織需要不斷適應(yīng)和調(diào)整其戰(zhàn)略，以減輕這種依賴并降低環(huán)境不確定性帶來的影響。Theresourcedependencetheorystatesthatorganizationsmustrelyontheexternalenvironmenttoobtainkeyresources,suchasfunds,manpower,materials,information,etc.Thisdependencymakesorganizationsvulnerabletoenvironmentalchanges,astheacquisitionandstablesupplyofresourcesmaybeinfluencedbyvariousfactorssuchasmarketfluctuations,policyadjustments,andsocialchanges.Therefore,organizationsneedtoconstantlyadaptandadjusttheirstrategiestoreducethisdependenceandmitigatetheimpactofenvironmentaluncertainty.資源依賴?yán)碚搹?qiáng)調(diào)了組織間關(guān)系的重要性。為了獲取和保持對(duì)關(guān)鍵資源的控制，組織需要與其他組織建立和維護(hù)關(guān)系。這些關(guān)系可能包括合作、聯(lián)盟、競爭等多種形式，其目的都是為了確保資源的穩(wěn)定供應(yīng)和組織的持續(xù)發(fā)展。這種組織間關(guān)系不僅影響了組織內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)和戰(zhàn)略，也對(duì)整個(gè)行業(yè)的競爭格局產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響。Theresourcedependencetheoryemphasizestheimportanceofinterorganizationalrelationships.Inordertogainandmaintaincontrolovercriticalresources,organizationsneedtoestablishandmaintainrelationshipswithotherorganizations.Theserelationshipsmayincludevariousformssuchascooperation,alliances,andcompetition,allaimedatensuringthestablesupplyofresourcesandthesustainabledevelopmentoftheorganization.Thiskindofinterorganizationalrelationshipnotonlyaffectstheinternalstructureandstrategyoftheorganization,butalsohasaprofoundimpactonthecompetitivelandscapeoftheentireindustry.資源依賴?yán)碚撨€關(guān)注了組織內(nèi)部決策過程的影響。由于組織必須依賴外部環(huán)境來獲取資源，因此其內(nèi)部決策過程也必然受到外部因素的影響。這要求組織在決策時(shí)必須充分考慮環(huán)境因素，不僅要關(guān)注內(nèi)部條件，也要關(guān)注外部環(huán)境的變化和趨勢。只有這樣，組織才能在復(fù)雜多變的環(huán)境中保持競爭優(yōu)勢并實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。Theresourcedependencetheoryalsofocusesontheimpactofinternaldecision-makingprocesseswithinorganizations.Duetothefactthatorganizationsmustrelyontheexternalenvironmenttoobtainresources,theirinternaldecision-makingprocessisinevitablyinfluencedbyexternalfactors.Thisrequiresorganizationstofullyconsiderenvironmentalfactorswhenmakingdecisions,notonlyfocusingoninternalconditions,butalsoonchangesandtrendsintheexternalenvironment.Onlyinthiswaycanorganizationsmaintaincompetitiveadvantagesandachievesustainabledevelopmentincomplexandever-changingenvironments.資源依賴學(xué)派的組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論從資源獲取、組織間關(guān)系和組織內(nèi)部決策等多個(gè)方面揭示了組織與環(huán)境的互動(dòng)關(guān)系。這一理論不僅為我們理解組織的運(yùn)營和發(fā)展提供了重要視角，也為組織在面對(duì)環(huán)境變化時(shí)提供了應(yīng)對(duì)策略和思路。Theorganizationenvironmentrelationshiptheoryoftheresourcedependenceschoolrevealstheinteractiverelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironmentfrommultipleaspectssuchasresourceacquisition,interorganizationalrelationships,andinternalorganizationaldecision-making.Thistheorynotonlyprovidesanimportantperspectiveforustounderstandtheoperationanddevelopmentoforganizations,butalsoprovidesstrategiesandideasfororganizationstorespondtoenvironmentalchanges.四、資源依賴學(xué)派理論的實(shí)踐應(yīng)用ThePracticalApplicationofResourceDependenceTheory資源依賴學(xué)派的理論對(duì)于理解組織與環(huán)境的關(guān)系，以及組織如何適應(yīng)和改變環(huán)境具有重要的實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)意義。這一理論提醒我們，任何組織都不是孤立的，而是嵌入在一個(gè)由各種資源構(gòu)成的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)中。為了生存和發(fā)展，組織必須有效地管理這些資源，并與環(huán)境進(jìn)行持續(xù)的互動(dòng)。Thetheoryofresourcedependenceschoolhasimportantpracticalguidancesignificanceforunderstandingtherelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment,aswellashoworganizationscanadaptandchangetheenvironment.Thistheoryremindsusthatnoorganizationisisolated,butembeddedinacomplexnetworkcomposedofvariousresources.Inordertosurviveanddevelop,organizationsmusteffectivelymanagetheseresourcesandengageincontinuousinteractionwiththeenvironment.在策略制定方面，資源依賴?yán)碚搹?qiáng)調(diào)了組織對(duì)外部環(huán)境的依賴，以及通過策略性互動(dòng)來減少這種依賴的重要性。這要求組織在制定策略時(shí)，不僅要考慮內(nèi)部條件，更要關(guān)注外部環(huán)境的變化，特別是那些影響組織資源獲取和使用的因素。通過積極尋求與其他組織的合作，建立穩(wěn)定的資源交換關(guān)系，組織可以增強(qiáng)自身的適應(yīng)性和競爭力。Intermsofstrategyformulation,theresourcedependencetheoryemphasizestheorganization'sdependenceontheexternalenvironmentandtheimportanceofreducingthisdependencethroughstrategicinteraction.Thisrequiresorganizationstonotonlyconsiderinternalconditionswhenformulatingstrategies,butalsopayattentiontochangesintheexternalenvironment,especiallythosefactorsthataffecttheacquisitionanduseoforganizationalresources.Byactivelyseekingcooperationwithotherorganizationsandestablishingstableresourceexchangerelationships,organizationscanenhancetheiradaptabilityandcompetitiveness.在組織結(jié)構(gòu)和管理方面，資源依賴?yán)碚撝赋隽藱?quán)力在組織間關(guān)系中的重要作用。組織需要建立和維護(hù)與關(guān)鍵資源提供者的關(guān)系，這往往涉及到權(quán)力的運(yùn)用和談判。因此，組織需要培養(yǎng)一種能夠靈活應(yīng)對(duì)外部環(huán)境和資源變化的能力，包括調(diào)整內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)化管理流程、提高決策效率等。Intermsoforganizationalstructureandmanagement,resourcedependencetheorypointsouttheimportantroleofpowerininterorganizationalrelationships.Organizationsneedtoestablishandmaintainrelationshipswithkeyresourceproviders,whichofteninvolvestheexerciseofpowerandnegotiation.Therefore,organizationsneedtocultivatetheabilitytoflexiblyrespondtochangesintheexternalenvironmentandresources,includingadjustinginternalstructures,optimizingmanagementprocesses,andimprovingdecision-makingefficiency.在資源管理方面，資源依賴?yán)碚搹?qiáng)調(diào)了資源的稀缺性和重要性。組織需要對(duì)自身所依賴的資源進(jìn)行全面的分析和評(píng)估，了解資源的來源、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量以及可替代性等方面的信息。在此基礎(chǔ)上，組織需要制定有效的資源管理策略，包括資源的獲取、配置、使用和保護(hù)等方面，以確保資源的可持續(xù)利用和組織的長期發(fā)展。Intermsofresourcemanagement,resourcedependencetheoryemphasizesthescarcityandimportanceofresources.Organizationsneedtoconductacomprehensiveanalysisandevaluationoftheresourcestheyrelyon,understandinginformationonthesources,quantity,quality,andsubstitutabilityofresources.Onthisbasis,organizationsneedtodevelopeffectiveresourcemanagementstrategies,includingtheacquisition,allocation,use,andprotectionofresources,toensurethesustainableuseofresourcesandthelong-termdevelopmentoftheorganization.在環(huán)境適應(yīng)方面，資源依賴?yán)碚撎嵝呀M織要時(shí)刻保持對(duì)外部環(huán)境的敏感性和適應(yīng)性。隨著環(huán)境的變化和資源的流動(dòng)，組織需要不斷調(diào)整自身的策略和行為，以適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境和資源條件。這要求組織具備一種快速響應(yīng)和持續(xù)創(chuàng)新的能力，能夠在不斷變化的環(huán)境中保持競爭優(yōu)勢。Intermsofenvironmentaladaptation,resourcedependencetheoryremindsorganizationstoalwaysmaintainsensitivityandadaptabilitytotheexternalenvironment.Withchangesintheenvironmentandtheflowofresources,organizationsneedtoconstantlyadjusttheirstrategiesandbehaviorstoadapttonewenvironmentalandresourceconditions.Thisrequiresorganizationstohavetheabilitytorespondquicklyandcontinuouslyinnovate,andtomaintainacompetitiveadvantageinaconstantlychangingenvironment.資源依賴學(xué)派的理論對(duì)于指導(dǎo)組織的實(shí)踐具有重要的價(jià)值。它不僅幫助組織更好地理解自身與環(huán)境的關(guān)系，還為組織提供了有效的策略和管理工具，以應(yīng)對(duì)外部環(huán)境的變化和資源的不確定性。在未來的實(shí)踐中，我們可以進(jìn)一步探索和應(yīng)用這一理論，以推動(dòng)組織的持續(xù)發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新。Thetheoryofresourcedependenceschoolhasimportantvalueinguidingorganizationalpractice.Itnotonlyhelpsorganizationsbetterunderstandtheirrelationshipwiththeenvironment,butalsoprovideseffectivestrategiesandmanagementtoolsfororganizationstocopewithchangesintheexternalenvironmentanduncertaintyinresources.Infuturepractice,wecanfurtherexploreandapplythistheorytopromotethesustainabledevelopmentandinnovationoforganizations.五、資源依賴學(xué)派理論的局限性與挑戰(zhàn)TheLimitationsandChallengesofResourceDependenceTheory盡管資源依賴學(xué)派在組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系領(lǐng)域提供了深入的理論見解，但它也面臨一些局限性和挑戰(zhàn)。Althoughtheresourcedependenceschoolprovidesin-depththeoreticalinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment,italsofacessomelimitationsandchallenges.資源依賴?yán)碚撨^于強(qiáng)調(diào)組織對(duì)外部環(huán)境的被動(dòng)適應(yīng)，忽略了組織的主觀能動(dòng)性和創(chuàng)新性。該理論主要關(guān)注組織如何通過獲取和管理外部資源來應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境壓力，但未能充分探討組織如何通過內(nèi)部創(chuàng)新和策略性行為來主動(dòng)塑造環(huán)境。Theresourcedependencetheoryoverlyemphasizesthepassiveadaptationoforganizationstotheexternalenvironment,neglectingtheirsubjectiveinitiativeandinnovation.Thistheorymainlyfocusesonhoworganizationsrespondtoenvironmentalpressurebyacquiringandmanagingexternalresources,butfailstofullyexplorehoworganizationsactivelyshapetheenvironmentthroughinternalinnovationandstrategicbehavior.資源依賴?yán)碚撝饕P(guān)注組織間的直接依賴關(guān)系，而忽視了更廣泛的社會(huì)、文化和制度環(huán)境對(duì)組織行為的影響。組織不僅受到直接資源提供者的影響，還受到社會(huì)規(guī)范、文化價(jià)值觀和制度框架等更廣泛因素的影響。Theresourcedependencetheorymainlyfocusesonthedirectdependencyrelationshipbetweenorganizations,whileignoringtheimpactofbroadersocial,cultural,andinstitutionalenvironmentsonorganizationalbehavior.Organizationsarenotonlyinfluencedbydirectresourceproviders,butalsobybroaderfactorssuchassocialnorms,culturalvalues,andinstitutionalframeworks.資源依賴?yán)碚撛诮忉屬Y源獲取和管理過程中的權(quán)力動(dòng)態(tài)方面存在局限性。該理論主要關(guān)注組織間的依賴和權(quán)力關(guān)系，但未能深入探討這些權(quán)力動(dòng)態(tài)如何影響組織的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和決策過程。Theresourcedependencetheoryhaslimitationsinexplainingthepowerdynamicsintheprocessofresourceacquisitionandmanagement.Thistheorymainlyfocusesontheinterdependenceandpowerrelationshipsbetweenorganizations,butfailstodelveintohowthesepowerdynamicsaffecttheinternalstructureanddecision-makingprocessoforganizations.資源依賴?yán)碚撛趹?yīng)對(duì)快速變化的環(huán)境方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)。在高度不確定和快速變化的環(huán)境中，組織需要更加靈活和創(chuàng)新的策略來應(yīng)對(duì)資源依賴問題。然而，資源依賴?yán)碚撝饕P(guān)注穩(wěn)定的資源依賴關(guān)系，對(duì)于如何在快速變化的環(huán)境中建立和管理資源依賴關(guān)系缺乏足夠的解釋力。Thetheoryofresourcedependencefaceschallengesindealingwithrapidlychangingenvironments.Inhighlyuncertainandrapidlychangingenvironments,organizationsneedmoreflexibleandinnovativestrategiestoaddressresourcedependenceissues.However,resourcedependencytheorymainlyfocusesonstableresourcedependencyrelationshipsandlackssufficientexplanatorypoweronhowtoestablishandmanageresourcedependencyrelationshipsinrapidlychangingenvironments.資源依賴學(xué)派在組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系領(lǐng)域具有重要的理論價(jià)值，但也面臨著一些局限性和挑戰(zhàn)。未來的研究需要更全面地考慮組織的主觀能動(dòng)性、更廣泛的環(huán)境因素、權(quán)力動(dòng)態(tài)以及快速變化環(huán)境對(duì)組織資源依賴關(guān)系的影響。Theresourcedependenceschoolhasimportanttheoreticalvalueinthefieldoforganizationalandenvironmentalrelationships,butitalsofacessomelimitationsandchallenges.Futureresearchneedstocomprehensivelyconsiderthesubjectiveagencyoforganizations,broaderenvironmentalfactors,powerdynamics,andtheimpactofrapidlychangingenvironmentsonorganizationalresourcedependence.六、結(jié)論與展望ConclusionandOutlook資源依賴學(xué)派的組織與環(huán)境關(guān)系理論為我們理解組織如何適應(yīng)和應(yīng)對(duì)外部環(huán)境提供了有力的視角。該理論強(qiáng)調(diào)了組織對(duì)外部資源的依賴，以及這種依賴如何影響組織的策略選擇和內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。通過深入分析組織與環(huán)境的互動(dòng)關(guān)系，資源依賴學(xué)派揭示了組織在面對(duì)環(huán)境不確定性時(shí)所采取的策略和應(yīng)對(duì)措施。Thetheoryoftherelationshipbetweenorganizationandenvironmentoftheresourcedependenceschoolprovidesuswithapowerfulperspectiveonhoworganizationscanadaptandrespondtotheexternalenvironment.Thistheoryemphasizestheorganization'sdependenceonexternalresourcesandhowthisdependenceaffectstheorganization'sstrategicchoicesandinternalstructuraldesign.Throughin-depthanalysisoftheinteractionbetweenorganizationsandtheenvironment,theresourcedependenceschoolrevealsthestrategiesandmeasuresthatorganizationsadoptwhenfacingenvironmentaluncertainty.然而，資源依賴學(xué)派的理論也存在一定的局限性。它過于強(qiáng)調(diào)組織對(duì)外部環(huán)境的被動(dòng)適應(yīng)，而忽視了組織在塑造環(huán)境、創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)方面的主動(dòng)性和能動(dòng)性。該理論更多地關(guān)注了組織間的競爭和沖突，而對(duì)合作和共生關(guān)系的探討相對(duì)較少。However,thetheory