高考英語閱讀理解五步法專項帶練(46)講義

【passage1】WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorldThewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidayswecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.SoyalSoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.YaldaThePersianfestivalYalda,orShabeYaldaisacelebrationofthewintersolsticeinIranthatstartedinancienttimes.ItmarksthelastdayofthePersianmonthofAzar.Yaldaisviewedtraditionallyasthevictoryoflightoverdark,andthebirthdayofthesungodMithra.Familiescelebratetogetherwithspecialfoodslikenutsandsomestayawakeallnightlongtowelethemorningsun.MidwinterinAntarcticaEvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.【素材來源：山東名?？荚嚶?lián)盟2023年12月高三年級階段性檢測英語試題】21.Whatcanbelearnedaboutwintersolstice?ItisatraditionalChristmascelebration.B.ItisabigeventonlyinSouthernglobe.C.Ithasagreatinfluenceontheclimate.D.Itenjoysglobalrecognition.22.HowdoHopiIndiansobserveSoyal?Bymakingprayersintheday.B.Bywanderingthewilderness.C.Bydancingandsendinggifts.D.Bystayingupallnightlong.23.Wherecanyouexpectfilmsduringwintersolstice?A.InAntarctica.B.InChina.C.InIndia.D.InIran.【五步法解析】21.Whatcanbelearnedaboutwintersolstice?關(guān)于冬至我們可以了解到什么?A.ItisatraditionalChristmascelebration.這是傳統(tǒng)的圣誕節(jié)慶祝活動。B.ItisabigeventonlyinSouthernglobe.這只是南半球的大事件。C.Ithasagreatinfluenceontheclimate.它對氣候有很大的影響。D.Itenjoysglobalrecognition.它享有全球認可。同義替換：allovertheworld=global全球的WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorldThewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.自古以來，世界各地的人們都認識到這一重要事件，并以各種不同的方式慶祝太陽的“回歸”。Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidayswecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.22.HowdoHopiIndiansobserveSoyal?霍皮印第安人如何慶祝索阿爾節(jié)?A.Bymakingprayersintheday.通過在白天祈禱。B.Bywanderingthewilderness.在荒野中游蕩。C.Bydancingandsendinggifts.通過跳舞和送禮物。D.Bystayingupallnightlong.通過整夜不睡。SoyalSoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.儀式包括凈化、跳舞，有時還會贈送禮物。Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.23.Wherecanyouexpectfilmsduringwintersolstice?冬至期間你能在哪里看到電影?A.InAntarctica.南極領(lǐng)域B.InChina.中國C.InIndia.印度（南亞國家）D.InIran.伊朗（亞洲）MidwinterinAntarcticaEvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.慶?；顒影ㄌ貏e的飯菜、電影，有時甚至是手工制作的禮物。【逐句翻譯】WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorld世界各地的冬至慶?；顒覶hewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：thelongestnightoftheyear補充修飾thewintersolstice句意：冬至(冬至)是一年中最長的夜晚，北半球在12月21日或22日，南半球在6月20日或21日。Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.自古以來，世界各地的人們都認識到這一重要事件，并以各種不同的方式慶祝太陽的“回歸”。Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidays(that)wecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾holidays;suchas引導(dǎo)同位語修飾holidays句意：古老的冬至傳統(tǒng)影響了我們現(xiàn)在慶祝的節(jié)日，如圣誕節(jié)和光明節(jié)。Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.這里有一些新的和古老的冬至傳統(tǒng)，可以幫助你照亮白天變長的道路。Soyal索亞爾節(jié)日SoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.soal是亞利桑那州北部霍皮印第安人的冬至慶祝活動。Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.儀式包括凈化、跳舞，有時還會贈送禮物。Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.在冬至的時候，霍皮人歡迎kachinas，一些保護山脈的神。Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.祈禱棒是精心制作的，用于各種祝福和其他儀式。Yalda雅爾達節(jié)日ThePersianfestivalYalda,orShabeYaldaisacelebrationofthewintersolsticeinIranthatstartedinancienttimes.波斯節(jié)日Yalda，或ShabeYalda是伊朗冬至的慶?；顒樱加诠糯?。ItmarksthelastdayofthePersianmonthofAzar.它標志著波斯亞撒月的最后一天。Yaldaisviewedtraditionallyasthevictoryoflightoverdark,andthebirthdayofthesungodMithra.傳統(tǒng)上，雅爾達節(jié)被視為光明戰(zhàn)勝黑暗的日子，也是太陽神密特拉的生日?！菊骖}必考詞匯】Beviewedas..被看作是Theproductshouldnotbeviewedasthecounterbalanceofthenewproduct.該產(chǎn)品不應(yīng)被視為新產(chǎn)品的平衡。Familiescelebratetogetherwithspecialfoodslikenutsandsomestayawakeallnightlongtowelethemorningsun.家人一起吃堅果等特殊食物來慶祝，有些人整夜不睡，迎接早晨的太陽。MidwinterinAntarctica南極的隆冬EvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：thanksto..引導(dǎo)原因狀語句意：即使是南極洲也會有冬至慶?；顒樱@要歸功于研究人員在那里度過了漫長而危險的寒冷季節(jié)。【真題必考詞匯】Thanksto...幸虧；由于Thankstoyourcarelessnessandclumsiness,Ishallhavetobuyawholesetteaservice.由于你的粗心和笨拙，我將不得不購買一整套茶具。WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.當(dāng)北半球的人們在享受白晝的時候，南半球的人們正在慶祝冬至。Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.慶祝活動包括特別的飯菜、電影，有時甚至是手工制作的禮物?！緋assage2】TheStoriesBehind3ofthePhotosfromOurPicturesoftheYearEachyear,NationalGeographicwillpublishaspecialissuetoshowcasesomeoftheimpressiveimagestakenaroundtheglobetocelebratethehighqualityphotography.Thisyear,49wereselectedasthebestphotosoftheyearoutofmillionsofimages,andthephotoeditorsgiveaglimpsebehindthescenesof3imagesincludedin2022PicturesoftheYearannualspecialissue.Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanPhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissuestheyfacearoundtheworld.HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（嬰兒車）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeterIt'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'swhatphotographerCarstenPeterachievedwiththisimage.Hedocumentedthe85dayeruptionforNationalGeographic,thenreturnedtofocusonthedamageandonthescientificfieldworkthathadbeendoneoncetheslowmovinglavahadcooled.Minneriya.SriLanka//BrentStirtonPhotographerBrentStirtonprovidedawindowintotheseanimals’lives,whichshehopeswillincreaseawarenessandstirupsympathythroughthephoto.TheimagewastoughtocapturenotonlybecauseStirtonneededtogetclosetothewildanimalsfortheframebutalsobecauseitwasachallengingtimetoworkinSriLanka.Thegovernmentwascollapsingineconomicdecline.“Ithinkthere'sanopportunitytoshowpeopleasideofanimalstheymayhavenotseenbefore,"shesays.Formorepicturesandstories,pleaseclickthes://nationalgeographic.【素材來源：2023年湖北省七市（州）高三年級3月聯(lián)合統(tǒng)一調(diào)研測試】21.Whoseimagecaresaboutpeople'slife?A.Mallory's.B.CarstenPeter's.C.KiliiiYuyan's.D.BrentStirton's.22.Whatsharedfeaturesdothesethreepictureshave?A.Theyalltakeeffortsandpatience.B.Theyareallabouttheenvironment.C.Theyallprovideawindowintoanimals‘lives.D.Theyallmakeadifferencetoscientificfieldwork.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelmagazine.B.Anacademicarticle.C.Abiologytextbook.D.Aphotographywebsite.【五步法解析】21.Whoseimagecaresaboutpeople'slife?誰的形象關(guān)心人們的生活?A.Mallory's.摩爾的B.CarstenPeter's.皮特的C.KiliiiYuyan's.科爾德D.BrentStirton's.布倫特的Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanPhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissuestheyfacearoundtheworld.攝影師KiliiiYuyan對記錄土著人民的日常生活以及他們在世界各地面臨的問題并不陌生。HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（嬰兒車）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.22.Whatsharedfeaturesdothesethreepictureshave?這三幅圖有什么共同的特點?A.Theyalltakeeffortsandpatience.他們都需要努力和耐心。B.Theyareallabouttheenvironment.它們都是關(guān)于環(huán)境的。C.Theyallprovideawindowintoanimals‘lives.它們都提供了一扇了解動物生活的窗口D.Theyallmakeadifferencetoscientificfieldwork.它們都對科學(xué)實地考察產(chǎn)生了影響。Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanHemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeterIt'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'swhatphotographerCarstenPeterachievedwiththisimage.Minneriya.SriLanka//BrentStirtonTheimagewastoughtocapturenotonlybecauseStirtonneededtogetclosetothewildanimalsfortheframebutalsobecauseitwasachallengingtimetoworkinSriLanka.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?這段文字可能取自哪里?A.Atravelmagazine.一本旅游雜志。B.Anacademicarticle.一篇學(xué)術(shù)文章。C.Abiologytextbook.一本生物教科書。D.Aphotographywebsite.一個攝影網(wǎng)站。Formorepicturesandstories,pleaseclickthes://nationalgeographic.【逐句翻譯】TheStoriesBehind3ofthePhotosfromOurPicturesoftheYear我們年度圖片中的三張照片背后的故事Eachyear,NationalGeographicwillpublishaspecialissuetoshowcasesomeoftheimpressiveimagestakenaroundtheglobetocelebratethehighqualityphotography.每年，《國家地理》都會出版一期特刊，展示一些在世界各地拍攝的令人印象深刻的照片，以慶祝高質(zhì)量的攝影。Thisyear,49wereselectedasthebestphotosoftheyearoutofmillionsofimages,andthephotoeditorsgiveaglimpsebehindthescenesof3imagesincludedin2022PicturesoftheYearannualspecialissue.今年，從數(shù)百萬張圖片中選出了49張年度最佳照片，照片編輯們將一窺2022年年度圖片特刊中3張圖片的幕后。Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyan借住,格陵蘭島PhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissues(that)theyfacearoundtheworld.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾issues句意：攝影師KiliiiYuyan對記錄土著人民的日常生活以及他們在世界各地面臨的問題并不陌生。HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句句意：他致力于為每個故事捕捉令人驚訝和獨特的圖像，而他的同事馬洛里已經(jīng)退出了他們的軌道。【真題必考詞匯】mitto把…送交，托付給…;對…作出承諾，承擔(dān)義務(wù)，擔(dān)負責(zé)任;使（自己）致力于…;把…固定在，保留在…之上[之中]Youdon'thavetomittoanythingoverthephone.你不用在里承諾什么。Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（嬰兒車）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.在他的故事中，兩個堂兄弟推著嬰兒車(嬰兒車)穿過格陵蘭島的雪原，前往一年一度的狗拉雪橇比賽。ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：how引導(dǎo)賓語從句句意：這個故事本身就激發(fā)讀者思考如何在不破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的情況下對待生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并讓讀者更深入地了解因紐特婦女的日常生活。CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeter西班牙加那利群島//卡斯滕·彼得It'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'