高考英語閱讀理解五步法專項(xiàng)帶練(46)講義

【passage1】WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorldThewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidayswecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.SoyalSoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.YaldaThePersianfestivalYalda,orShabeYaldaisacelebrationofthewintersolsticeinIranthatstartedinancienttimes.ItmarksthelastdayofthePersianmonthofAzar.Yaldaisviewedtraditionallyasthevictoryoflightoverdark,andthebirthdayofthesungodMithra.Familiescelebratetogetherwithspecialfoodslikenutsandsomestayawakeallnightlongtowelethemorningsun.MidwinterinAntarcticaEvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.【素材來源：山東名?？荚嚶?lián)盟2023年12月高三年級(jí)階段性檢測(cè)英語試題】21.Whatcanbelearnedaboutwintersolstice?ItisatraditionalChristmascelebration.B.ItisabigeventonlyinSouthernglobe.C.Ithasagreatinfluenceontheclimate.D.Itenjoysglobalrecognition.22.HowdoHopiIndiansobserveSoyal?Bymakingprayersintheday.B.Bywanderingthewilderness.C.Bydancingandsendinggifts.D.Bystayingupallnightlong.23.Wherecanyouexpectfilmsduringwintersolstice?A.InAntarctica.B.InChina.C.InIndia.D.InIran.【五步法解析】21.Whatcanbelearnedaboutwintersolstice?關(guān)于冬至我們可以了解到什么?A.ItisatraditionalChristmascelebration.這是傳統(tǒng)的圣誕節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)。B.ItisabigeventonlyinSouthernglobe.這只是南半球的大事件。C.Ithasagreatinfluenceontheclimate.它對(duì)氣候有很大的影響。D.Itenjoysglobalrecognition.它享有全球認(rèn)可。同義替換：allovertheworld=global全球的WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorldThewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.自古以來，世界各地的人們都認(rèn)識(shí)到這一重要事件，并以各種不同的方式慶祝太陽的“回歸”。Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidayswecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.22.HowdoHopiIndiansobserveSoyal?霍皮印第安人如何慶祝索阿爾節(jié)?A.Bymakingprayersintheday.通過在白天祈禱。B.Bywanderingthewilderness.在荒野中游蕩。C.Bydancingandsendinggifts.通過跳舞和送禮物。D.Bystayingupallnightlong.通過整夜不睡。SoyalSoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.儀式包括凈化、跳舞，有時(shí)還會(huì)贈(zèng)送禮物。Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.23.Wherecanyouexpectfilmsduringwintersolstice?冬至期間你能在哪里看到電影?A.InAntarctica.南極領(lǐng)域B.InChina.中國C.InIndia.印度（南亞國家）D.InIran.伊朗（亞洲）MidwinterinAntarcticaEvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.慶祝活動(dòng)包括特別的飯菜、電影，有時(shí)甚至是手工制作的禮物。【逐句翻譯】WinterSolsticeCelebrationsFromAroundtheWorld世界各地的冬至慶?；顒?dòng)Thewintersolstice(冬至)，thelongestnightoftheyear,fallsonDecember21or22intheNorthernHemisphereandJune20or21intheSouthern.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：thelongestnightoftheyear補(bǔ)充修飾thewintersolstice句意：冬至(冬至)是一年中最長(zhǎng)的夜晚，北半球在12月21日或22日，南半球在6月20日或21日。Sinceancienttimes,peopleallovertheworldhaverecognizedthisimportantoccurrenceandcelebratedthefollowing“return”oftheSuninavarietyofdifferentways.自古以來，世界各地的人們都認(rèn)識(shí)到這一重要事件，并以各種不同的方式慶祝太陽的“回歸”。Oldsolsticetraditionshaveinfluencedholidays(that)wecelebratenow,suchasChristmasandHanukkah.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾holidays;suchas引導(dǎo)同位語修飾holidays句意：古老的冬至傳統(tǒng)影響了我們現(xiàn)在慶祝的節(jié)日，如圣誕節(jié)和光明節(jié)。Herearesomesolsticetraditionsbothnewandoldtohelplightyourwaytolongerdays.這里有一些新的和古老的冬至傳統(tǒng)，可以幫助你照亮白天變長(zhǎng)的道路。Soyal索亞爾節(jié)日SoyalisthewintersolsticecelebrationoftheHopiIndiansofnorthernArizona.soal是亞利桑那州北部霍皮印第安人的冬至慶?；顒?dòng)。Ceremoniesincludepurification,dancing,andsometimesgiftgiving.儀式包括凈化、跳舞，有時(shí)還會(huì)贈(zèng)送禮物。Atthetimeofthesolstice,Hopiwelethekachinas,someprotectivegodsfromthemountains.在冬至的時(shí)候，霍皮人歡迎kachinas，一些保護(hù)山脈的神。Prayersticksarecraftedandusedforvariousblessingsandotherceremonies.祈禱棒是精心制作的，用于各種祝福和其他儀式。Yalda雅爾達(dá)節(jié)日ThePersianfestivalYalda,orShabeYaldaisacelebrationofthewintersolsticeinIranthatstartedinancienttimes.波斯節(jié)日Yalda，或ShabeYalda是伊朗冬至的慶?；顒?dòng)，始于古代。ItmarksthelastdayofthePersianmonthofAzar.它標(biāo)志著波斯亞撒月的最后一天。Yaldaisviewedtraditionallyasthevictoryoflightoverdark,andthebirthdayofthesungodMithra.傳統(tǒng)上，雅爾達(dá)節(jié)被視為光明戰(zhàn)勝黑暗的日子，也是太陽神密特拉的生日?！菊骖}必考詞匯】Beviewedas..被看作是Theproductshouldnotbeviewedasthecounterbalanceofthenewproduct.該產(chǎn)品不應(yīng)被視為新產(chǎn)品的平衡。Familiescelebratetogetherwithspecialfoodslikenutsandsomestayawakeallnightlongtowelethemorningsun.家人一起吃堅(jiān)果等特殊食物來慶祝，有些人整夜不睡，迎接早晨的太陽。MidwinterinAntarctica南極的隆冬EvenAntarcticagetsitsshareofsolsticecelebration,thankstotheresearchersstayingthereoverthelong,dangerouslycoldseason.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：thanksto..引導(dǎo)原因狀語句意：即使是南極洲也會(huì)有冬至慶?；顒?dòng)，這要?dú)w功于研究人員在那里度過了漫長(zhǎng)而危險(xiǎn)的寒冷季節(jié)。【真題必考詞匯】Thanksto...幸虧；由于Thankstoyourcarelessnessandclumsiness,Ishallhavetobuyawholesetteaservice.由于你的粗心和笨拙，我將不得不購買一整套茶具。WhilethoseofusintheNorthernHemisphereareenjoyingthemostdaylighthours,intheSouthernHemispheretheyarecelebratingMidwinter.當(dāng)北半球的人們?cè)谙硎馨讜兊臅r(shí)候，南半球的人們正在慶祝冬至。Festivitiesincludespecialmeals,films,andsometimesevenhandmadegifts.慶?；顒?dòng)包括特別的飯菜、電影，有時(shí)甚至是手工制作的禮物。【passage2】TheStoriesBehind3ofthePhotosfromOurPicturesoftheYearEachyear,NationalGeographicwillpublishaspecialissuetoshowcasesomeoftheimpressiveimagestakenaroundtheglobetocelebratethehighqualityphotography.Thisyear,49wereselectedasthebestphotosoftheyearoutofmillionsofimages,andthephotoeditorsgiveaglimpsebehindthescenesof3imagesincludedin2022PicturesoftheYearannualspecialissue.Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanPhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissuestheyfacearoundtheworld.HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（嬰兒車）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeterIt'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'swhatphotographerCarstenPeterachievedwiththisimage.Hedocumentedthe85dayeruptionforNationalGeographic,thenreturnedtofocusonthedamageandonthescientificfieldworkthathadbeendoneoncetheslowmovinglavahadcooled.Minneriya.SriLanka//BrentStirtonPhotographerBrentStirtonprovidedawindowintotheseanimals’lives,whichshehopeswillincreaseawarenessandstirupsympathythroughthephoto.TheimagewastoughtocapturenotonlybecauseStirtonneededtogetclosetothewildanimalsfortheframebutalsobecauseitwasachallengingtimetoworkinSriLanka.Thegovernmentwascollapsingineconomicdecline.“Ithinkthere'sanopportunitytoshowpeopleasideofanimalstheymayhavenotseenbefore,"shesays.Formorepicturesandstories,pleaseclickthes://nationalgeographic.【素材來源：2023年湖北省七市（州）高三年級(jí)3月聯(lián)合統(tǒng)一調(diào)研測(cè)試】21.Whoseimagecaresaboutpeople'slife?A.Mallory's.B.CarstenPeter's.C.KiliiiYuyan's.D.BrentStirton's.22.Whatsharedfeaturesdothesethreepictureshave?A.Theyalltakeeffortsandpatience.B.Theyareallabouttheenvironment.C.Theyallprovideawindowintoanimals‘lives.D.Theyallmakeadifferencetoscientificfieldwork.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelmagazine.B.Anacademicarticle.C.Abiologytextbook.D.Aphotographywebsite.【五步法解析】21.Whoseimagecaresaboutpeople'slife?誰的形象關(guān)心人們的生活?A.Mallory's.摩爾的B.CarstenPeter's.皮特的C.KiliiiYuyan's.科爾德D.BrentStirton's.布倫特的Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanPhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissuestheyfacearoundtheworld.攝影師KiliiiYuyan對(duì)記錄土著人民的日常生活以及他們?cè)谑澜绺鞯孛媾R的問題并不陌生。HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（嬰兒車）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.22.Whatsharedfeaturesdothesethreepictureshave?這三幅圖有什么共同的特點(diǎn)?A.Theyalltakeeffortsandpatience.他們都需要努力和耐心。B.Theyareallabouttheenvironment.它們都是關(guān)于環(huán)境的。C.Theyallprovideawindowintoanimals‘lives.它們都提供了一扇了解動(dòng)物生活的窗口D.Theyallmakeadifferencetoscientificfieldwork.它們都對(duì)科學(xué)實(shí)地考察產(chǎn)生了影響。Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyanHemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeterIt'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'swhatphotographerCarstenPeterachievedwiththisimage.Minneriya.SriLanka//BrentStirtonTheimagewastoughtocapturenotonlybecauseStirtonneededtogetclosetothewildanimalsfortheframebutalsobecauseitwasachallengingtimetoworkinSriLanka.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?這段文字可能取自哪里?A.Atravelmagazine.一本旅游雜志。B.Anacademicarticle.一篇學(xué)術(shù)文章。C.Abiologytextbook.一本生物教科書。D.Aphotographywebsite.一個(gè)攝影網(wǎng)站。Formorepicturesandstories,pleaseclickthes://nationalgeographic.【逐句翻譯】TheStoriesBehind3ofthePhotosfromOurPicturesoftheYear我們年度圖片中的三張照片背后的故事Eachyear,NationalGeographicwillpublishaspecialissuetoshowcasesomeoftheimpressiveimagestakenaroundtheglobetocelebratethehighqualityphotography.每年，《國家地理》都會(huì)出版一期特刊，展示一些在世界各地拍攝的令人印象深刻的照片，以慶祝高質(zhì)量的攝影。Thisyear,49wereselectedasthebestphotosoftheyearoutofmillionsofimages,andthephotoeditorsgiveaglimpsebehindthescenesof3imagesincludedin2022PicturesoftheYearannualspecialissue.今年，從數(shù)百萬張圖片中選出了49張年度最佳照片，照片編輯們將一窺2022年年度圖片特刊中3張圖片的幕后。Qaanaaq,Greenland//KiliiiYüyan借住,格陵蘭島PhotographerKiliiiYuyanisnostrangertodocumentingthedailylivesofnativepeoplesandtheissues(that)theyfacearoundtheworld.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾issues句意：攝影師KiliiiYuyan對(duì)記錄土著人民的日常生活以及他們?cè)谑澜绺鞯孛媾R的問題并不陌生。HemitshimselftocapturingsurprisinganduniqueimagesforeachstorywhilehiscolleagueMalloryhasquitintheirtracks.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句句意：他致力于為每個(gè)故事捕捉令人驚訝和獨(dú)特的圖像，而他的同事馬洛里已經(jīng)退出了他們的軌道。【真題必考詞匯】mitto把…送交，托付給…;對(duì)…作出承諾，承擔(dān)義務(wù)，擔(dān)負(fù)責(zé)任;使（自己）致力于…;把…固定在，保留在…之上[之中]Youdon'thavetomittoanythingoverthephone.你不用在里承諾什么。Inhisstory,twocousinspushstrollers（嬰兒車）acrossasnowyplaininGreenlandontheirwaytoannualdogsledraces.在他的故事中，兩個(gè)堂兄弟推著嬰兒車(嬰兒車)穿過格陵蘭島的雪原，前往一年一度的狗拉雪橇比賽。ThestoryitselfchallengesreaderstothinkabouthowtotreattheirecosystemwithoutdestroyingitandgivesmoreinsightintothedailylivesofInughuitwomen.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：how引導(dǎo)賓語從句句意：這個(gè)故事本身就激發(fā)讀者思考如何在不破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的情況下對(duì)待生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并讓讀者更深入地了解因紐特婦女的日常生活。CanaryIslands,Spain//CarstenPeter西班牙加那利群島//卡斯滕·彼得It'shardtocapturethespeed,texture,andsenseofdangeroflavaflowingfromavolcaniceruption,butthat'