黃金卷5-2023年高考英語模擬卷（廣東、山東卷）（原卷版）

【贏在高考?黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語模擬卷（山東、廣東卷）

黃金卷05

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

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第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

TheCurb-cutEffect（路緣坡效應(yīng)）referstothefactthatsupportingsmallgroupsofpeopleoftenendsup

helpingmuchlargerrangesofsociety

Curbcuts:Easingthewalking

Inthe1940s,hundredsofthousandsofWorldWarIIsoldiersreturnedhomewithdisabilities.Disappointed

bythedifficultiestheyfaced,JackFisherofKalamazoo,Michigan,asoneofthem,askedhiscitygovernmentto

buildanexperimentalcurbcut-agentleslopethatbringstheendofasidewalkdowntomeetthelevelofthe

street-atthecornersofseveralblocksdowntown.Afewmonthslater,Fisherreportedthatevenresidentswithout

wheelchairswereenjoyingtheimpactofthelittleslopes.

Readingmachines:Gettingthemessage

In1976,technologistRayKurzweilinventedamachinefortheblindandvisuallydamagedtochangeimages

intotextthatitthenreadaloud.Smartspeakerswiththosevoicesarenowinroughlyone-quarterofUShomes.By

detectingstreetsignsandhousenumbers,itishelpingbuildthemapsthatself-drivingcarsusetonavigatethe

world.

Closedcaptions（字幕）：Followingtheconversation

SearslaunchedthefirstTVwithabuilt-inequipmentthatalloweddeafandhard-of-hearingviewerstoread

alongwiththeirfavoriteprogramsin1980.Inthe1990s,textbecameincreasinglycommonasDVDsand,later,

streamingservicesaddedtheabilitytoswitchthewordsonatwill.A2006surveyfoundthatonlyaround20

percentofthepeopleusingcaptionshadhearingproblems.

DeafSpacedesigns:Keepingthingsquiet

Morethan150designsoftheDeafiSpaceProjectcamefromarchitectHanselBauman.Oneaimistoclear

distractingnoises,whichcanmakeitdifficultforpeopletousetheirlimitedhearingabilities.Bykeeping

conversationsandothersounddisturbancesfromwalkingandjumpingaroundtheroom,thesewaysalsomakeit

easierforallsortsofstudentsandworkerstofbcus.

CLICKHEREFORMOREINFORMATION

1.Whowerethefourinventionsinitiallyintendedtoserve?

A.Thearmy.B.Specialgroups.C.Allhumanbeings.D.Professionals.

2.WhatmightbeJackFisher?

A.Acitydesigner.B.Acitygovernor.C.Adisabledsoldier.D.Anordinaryroadman.

3.Whoseinventionhelpspeopletoconcentrate?

A.Sears*.B.JackFisher's.C.RayKurzweifs.D.HanselBauman's.

B

Byage12,GavinSvensonhadastronginterestininsects.Hecouldn'tgetenoughofdiggingforthem,

watchingthem,andcollectingthem.Heremembersthathisparentspatientlyindulged（縱容）hispassionfor

insectsevenashestoredtheminthefridgeoftheirhome.

Aroundthatage,SvensonsawaninterviewwithaninsectologistonTVandthought,44Whoa!Youcandothis

asajob?"Clearly,yes,whichexplainshowheendedupasthecurator（館長）attheClevelandMuseumofNatural

History.

Deepintereststhatpresentatanearlyageoftenstaywithusthroughoutlife,saysSusanNewman,asocial

psychologist.

Sohowdoyouhelpyourteenagerfindtheirpassion?Parentscanbepatientandsupportive

withoutoverdoingit.Svensonfeelshisparentsfoundthenightbalance.<4Myparentsweresupersupportive,

butitwasmostlymedrivingit,“saysSvenson.Thoughhisparentshadsomeworriesabouthisnarrowchoiceofa

careerpath,theynevertriedtoforcehimtochangeit.

Teensarelikelytotrylotsofnewactivitiesandmaydropthemalmostasquicklyastheypickthemup.So

howcanparentsknowwhenit'satruepassionandwhennot?Newmandescribesapassionas“aninterestor

activitythatyoucan'tgetenoughof;itkeepsyoucomingbackformore.^^Newmansays,"Asaparent,you'll

noticethatyoucan'tgettheirattentionbecausetheyaretotallyabsorbed.^^

Butwhatifthepassionthat'sabsorbingyourchildisnottheoneyouwouldhavepickedforthem?"Parents

havetorealizethattheirchildrenareseparatehumanbeingswithinterests,likes,anddislikeshatcanbevery

differentfromtheirown,“saysNewman."Youhavetoletyourteentaketheleadinwhatintereststhem.”

Nowaparenthimself,Svensonconcurs."Neverloweryourkids5interests.Kidsaresmart,andtheyhavea

greatabilitytoformtheirownopinion.,,

4.WhydidSvensonstoreinsectsinthefridgeofhishome?

A.Tocookthem.B.Tostudythem.

C.Tofollowanexpert'sadvice.D.Toplayajokeonhisparents.

5.WhatdoesSvensonthinkofhisparents?

A.Theyareonhisside.

B.Theyaresingle-minded.

C.Theyshouldnotchangehislife.

D.Theyshouldnotworryabouthim.

6.WhatadvicemightNewmangiveparents?

A.Tolettheirkidsfindtheirowninterest.

BTodevelopthesameinterestastheirkids.

C.Topickalong-terminterestfortheirkids.

D.Tohelptheirkidsstickwiththeirinterest.

7.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“concurs“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Feelssurprised.B.Refusesallhelp.

C.Makespromises.D.Expressesagreement.

C

Backinancienttimes,philosopherslikeAristotlewerealreadyspeculatingabouttheoriginsoftaste,andhow

thetonguesensedelementaltasteslikesweet,bitter,saltyandsour."Whatwediscoveredjustafewyearsagois

thatthereareregionsofthebrain-regionsofthecortex-whereparticularfieldsofneuronsrepresentthesedifferent

tastesagain,sothere'sasweetfield,abitterfield,asaltyfield,etcetera."NickRyba,asensoryneuroscientist（感官

神經(jīng)科學(xué)家）attheNationalInstitutesofHealth.

Rybaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatyoucanactuallytastewithoutatongueatall,simplybystimulatingthe

“taste“partofthebrain-theinsularcortex.Theyrantheexperimentinmicewithaspecialsortofbrainimplant-a

fiber-opticcablethatturnsneuronsonwithapulseoflaserlight.Andbyswitchingonthe“bitter“sensingpartof

thebrain,theywereabletomakemicepuckerup,asiftheyweretastingsomethingbitter-eventhoughabsolutely

nothingbitterwastouchingthetonguesofthemice.

Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersfedthemiceabitterflavoringontheirtongues-butthenmadeitmore

palatablebyswitchingonthe“sweet“zoneofthebrain."Whatweweredoingherewasaddingthesweetness,but

onlyaddingitinthebrain,notinwhatweweregivingtothemouse.^^Thinkaddingsugartoyourcoffee-butdoing

itonlyinyourmind.ThefindingsappearinthejournalNature.

Rybasaysthestudysuggeststhatalotofourbasicjudgmentsabouttaste-sweetmeansgood,bittermeans

bad-areactuallyhard-wiredatthelevelofthebrain.Asforthatvirtual-sugar-in-your-coffeeidea?”thinkit's

basicallysciencefictiontothinkthatthiswouldbesomethingthatwouldbeappliedtohumans.^Buttoday's

sciencefictionmightbetomorrow'sartificialsweetener.

8.TheauthorreferredtoAristotleinthefirstparagraphto.

A.explainthequestionwithphilosophicalideas.

B.pointoutthemistakesoftheancientphilosophers.

C.indicatethedifferencebetweenphilosophyandscience.

D.showpeoplewereconcernedaboutthisproblemlongago.

9.Whatcanwesayabouttheinsularcortex?

A.Itreactsthesametoallthetastes.

B.Itplaysalargeroleincognitionandconsciousness.

C.Itcanbeimplantedinanotherperson'sbrain.

D.Itcan'tpairappropriateemotionswithoutsideevents.

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthetext?

A.Ourbasicjudgmentsabouttastemaydifferintime.

B.Today'ssciencefictionmightgotofuture'skitchen.

C.Artificialsweetenerswillchangeourbrainstructureoneday.

D.Thevirtual-sugar-in-your-coffeeideamaycometrueinthefuture.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Whohasdamagedourtaste?

B.Thebrainalonemaybeabletosensethetaste.

C.Changeyourtongueandtastethedeliciousfood.

D.Thesweetspot:disappearingtastecenterofhumanbrain

D

Theargumentthathuman-causedcarbonemissionsaremerelyadropinthebucketcomparedtogreenhouse

gasesgeneratedbyvolcanoeshasbeenmakingitswayaroundtherumormillforyears.Andwhileitseemstobe

reasonable,thesciencejustdoesn'tbackitup.

AccordingtotheUSGeologicalSurvey(USGS),theworld'svolcanoes,bothonlandandundersea,generate

about200milliontonsofcarbondioxideannually,whileourautomotiveandindustrialactivitiescausesome24

billiontonsofCO2emissionseveryyearworldwide.Despitetheargumentstothecontrary,thefactsspeakfor

themselves:Greenhousegasemissionsfromvolcanoescomposelessthanonepercentofthosegeneratedbytoday's

humanactivities.

AnotherindicationthathumanemissionssurpassthoseofvolcanoesisthefactthatatmosphericCO2levels,as

measuredbysamplingstationsaroundtheworld,havegoneupconsistentlyyearafteryearregardlessofwhetheror

nottherehavebeenmajorvolcaniceruptionsinspecificyears.€4Ifitweretruethatindividualvolcaniceruptions

dominatedhumanemissionsandwerecausingtheriseincarbondioxideconcentrations,thenthesecarbondioxide

recordswouldbefullofspikes-oneforeacheruption,"saysCobyBeck,ajournalistwritingforonline

environmentalnews.''Instead,suchrecordsshowasmoothandregulartrend.”

Furthermore,somescientistsbelievethatvolcaniceruptions,likethatofMt.St.Helensin1980andMt.

Pinatuboin1991,actuallyleadtoshort-termglobalcooling,notwarming,assulfurdioxide(SO2),ashandother

particlesintheairandstratospherereflectsomesolarenergyinsteadoflettingitintoEarth'satmosphere.

Scientiststrackingtheeffectsofthemajor1991eruptionofthePhilippines'Mt.Pinatubofoundthatthe

overalleffectoftheblastwastocoolthesurfaceoftheEarthgloballybysome0.5degreesCelsiusayearlater.

Inaninterestingtwistontheissue,volcanicactivitymaybecontributingtothemeltingoficecapsin

Antarcticabutnotbecauseofanyemissions,naturalorman-made.Instead,scientistsHughCorrandDavid

VaughanoftheBritishAntarcticSurveybelievethatvolcanoesunderneathAntarcticamaybemeltingthe

continent'sicesheetsfrombelow,justaswarmingairtemperaturesfromhuman-inducedemissionserodethem

fromabove.

12.AccordingtoParagraph1,somepeoplearguethat.

A.theiropinionissupportedbyscience

B.volcanoesgeneratemostofthegreenhousegases

C.humanactivitiesaretoblameforgreenhousegases

D.carbonemissionsproducedbyvolcanoesareincreasing

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spikes“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Suddenincreases.B.Smoothtrends.C.Stableregularities.D.Sharpdeclines.

14.Accordingtothispassage,whatdothescientistsbelieveaboutvolcaniceruptions?

A.Theybroughtaboutglobalwarming.

B.TheyactuallypartlycooledthesurfaceoftheEarth.

C.TheymeltedtheicesheetsinAntarcticfromabove.

D.Theydominatedhumanemissionsingreenhouseeffect.

15.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.

A.comparetheresultsofthestudies

B.contradictaviewheldbysomepeople

C.presentnewfindingsforgreenhousephenomenon

D.reporttheeffectsofCO2ingreenhousephenomenon

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Friendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphas

manybenefits.Itofferscompanionship,improvesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlives

suchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleave

uswithoutafriend16Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.Belowaresome

helpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.

1.Associatewithothers.

Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople.Youcangotopublicplacestomeetnew

people.Besides,youwillneedtomakeyourselfknownbybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.

2.Startaconversation

Startingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.17Youcanalways

starttheconversation.Beingabletomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillinrelatingwithotherpeople.

3.18

Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshipastheseinterestswouldalways

bringyouandyourfriendtogether.Hangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperience.

4.Letitgrow.

Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsas

thiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.19.Thebestfriendshipsarethe

onesthatgrownaturally.

5.Enjoyyourfriendship

Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.20.Trynottochange

themfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobeto

you.

A.Becheerful.

B.Dothingstogether.

C.Donotwaittobespokento.

D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.

E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.

F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.

G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.

第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1.分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Sincethefirstdayofpreschool,Iwasalwaysthetypetoinvestmoretimeinmyphysicalwarthansocial

activities,thetypethat21thegirlswhocouldgetupinfrontoftheclassand22givea

presentation.Anythingintheareaofbeingvocallyconfidentwasnevermy23.ButnowI'mdifferent.

Suchachange24mysummerjob.

MyentireexistencehasbeendefinedbythesummersI'vespentinAvalon,NewJersey.Then,inmy14th

summer,Igotajob,whichmadea25tome.

Atfirstitfrightenedme:Theideaofhavingto26myfreedom.Notonlywasthelossoffreedom

saddeningme,butthe27inmecameouttoplaywhenIrealizedthatIwasgoingtolaunchmyselfintoa

completely28environment.

TheplacewasBrian'sWaffleHouse.AtthebeginningIwasverynervous,29Igraduallypushed

myselfmuchmoreandboostedmyconfidence.I'vemadesomanygreatfriendsthatI'll30contact

withevenwhentheWaffleHouseislonggone.ThetimeintheBrian'sWaffleHouseisnotdull.Andevery

customerisavaluablepartofthe3J.

Mysummerjobhashelpedguidemeinmyownpersonalgrowth.NowI32tosinginfrontofa

largegroupofpeople.AndInevermissa33toallowmyfashionablestyletoshine.IfIhadn'twalked

intotheshop,Iwouldn'thave34thesocialskillsIhavenow.Iwillbe35Ibrthelessons

andvaluesIhavelearnedforever.

21.A.ignoredB.convincedC.enviedD.consulted

22.A.confidentlyB.definitelyC.fortunatelyD.secretly

23.A.expectationB.strengthC.excuseD.ambition

24.A.emergedfromB.departedfromC.sufferedfromD.recoveredfrom

25.A.introductionB.contributionC.discoveryD.difference

26.A.exciteB.possessC.abandonD.threaten

27.A.shynessB.delightC.curiosityD.pressure

28.A.secureB.strangeC.formalD.natural

29.A.asB.orC.butD.so

30.A.restoreB.loseC.establishD.maintain

31.A.memoryB.experienceC.incidentD.journey

32.A.dareB.failC.promiseD.demand

33.A.goalB.planC.choiceD.chance

34.A.assessedB.acquiredC.exercisedD.applied

35.A.readyB.eagerC.gratefulD.suitable

第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Doyoudreamoftravelingtheworldinsearchofadventures,deliciousfoodanddifferentcultures?

36(sad),manyambitioustravelersnevertakeaction37(travel)theworldbecausethey9re

worriedthatagapintheirresume(簡歷)couldaffecttheircareerswhentheyreturn.Itseemsthatpeoplewith

internationalworkexperiencearemorepopular.Well,38isthevalueofinternationalworkexperience?

Inanincreasinglyglobalizedworld,applicantswhoarecomfortableengagingwithdifferentculturesand

peoplefromdifferentbackgrounds39(favor)bymanyemployers.Navigatinganewcountry,oftenina

foreignlanguage,immersing40(you)inanewcultureandadaptingtonewcustomsshowsthatyou're

flexible,respectfulandresourceful.

Livingandworkingabroadleadstopersonalandoftenprofessional41(grow).Evenifyourwork

abroadwasin42differentfieldtoyourcuiTentcareer,itwillstillhaveaddedarangeofnewsoftand

interpersonalskillstoyourskillset.

Havinglivedand43(work)abroadalsoshowsanemployerthatyouarewillingtomoveoutofyour

comfortzone,andthatyoucanbuildanewnetwork.Aswithanyexperience,thevalueofinternationalwork

experience44(depend)onthejobyou'reapplyingfbr,somakesuretoalwaysadapthowyoudescribe

yourexperience45eachposition.

第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

46.請你為21stCentury寫一篇報道，介紹你校為高三學(xué)生創(chuàng)立的"心靈城堡(SoulCastle)”專欄(column),

并從正面談?wù)勛约旱母邢?。?nèi)容要點包括：

開設(shè)目的：緩解壓力，確保健康：

專欄優(yōu)勢：專業(yè)指導(dǎo)；

專欄內(nèi)容：建議，心聲；

你的感想：

參考詞匯：expertisen.專門知識：專門技術(shù)；專家的意見

fromapsychological/physiologicalpointofview從心理學(xué)/生理學(xué)的觀點

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)