2023屆山東省臨沂市高三一模英語試題(含答案解析)

2023屆山東省臨沂市高三一模英語試題

學(xué)校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

Asalanguagelearningenthusiast,FvecomeupwiththebestappsforlearningEnglish

fromthethousandsofmobileappsoutthere.

BestforPronunciation:ELSASpeak

ELSASpeakisprobablythebestmobileapparoundforhelpingyouimproveyour

Englishpronunciation.Theapp'sgreateststrengthisitsintensiveAIfeedback,butELSAalso

providesmini-trainingsessionstoreallyperfectyourpronunciation.TheAIanalyzesyour

recordingsbasedonpronunciation,intonationandfluencythenpointsoutexactlywhichparts

soundinaccurate.

BestforImmersinginEnglishVideos:FluentU

FuentUisalanguagelearningappthatteachesyouEnglishthroughauthenticvideoslike

newsreports,moviescenesandinterviews,withlearnertoolsforalllevels.Eachcliphas

interactivesubtitlessoifyou'renotsurewhatawordmeans,youcanhoveroveritandgetin

explanation.Theappalsogivesvideoexamplesforeachwordsoyoucanlearnvocabularyin

context.

BestforPracticalTopics:Babbel

BabbelhasyoulearnandpracticeEnglishwithrealisticconversationsthatsurround

thingsthatyou'repersonallyinterestedin.Lessonsareshortandconsistofwrittenandaudio

versionsofthegrammarfeaturedinthelessons.Thenyouareabletocompletepractice

exercisestosolidifyyourunderstanding.

BestforFunBeginnerLessons:Lingodeer

LingodeerusesgamesandshortexercisestoteachbeginnerandintermediateEnglish

learners.Lingodeertakesagamifiedapproachtolanguagelearningwithagoal-oriented

curriculumconsistingofstructuredlessonsandregularreviews.Lingodeer'slessonsare

arrangedaccordingtothemes,suchassports,weather,partsofthebodyandshopping.

1.WhatisthefeatureofELSASpeak?

A.Itanalyzeslearners?recordings.B.Itprovidesguidancefbrlearners.

C.Itgiveslearnershelpfulfeedback.D.Itimproveslearners?communication

skill.

試卷第1頁，共10頁

2.Whichappprovidesvideosaslearningresources?

A.FluentU.B.ELSASpeak.C.BabbeLD.Lingodeer.

3.WhatcanlearnersdowiththeappLingodeer?

A.Designgames.B.Studyaroundatheme.

C.Structurelessons.D.Takeadvancedcourses.

FromSantaBarbaratoScotland,strangersarebecomingfriendsbygoingonbikerides

together.TheygetpairedupbyCyclingWithoutAge,anorganizationthathelpsseniorsgo

forbikerides,eveniftheycan'tpedalthemselves.

HughLyonandDavidLawrence,whoareroughly20yearsapartinage,havebeen

ridingtogetherfbryears.The56-year-oldLawrenceservesasa“pilot"，drivingthe

trishaw——abikewithapassengerseatinthefrontthatCyclingWithoutAgeusesfbrtheir

rides.Theygofbrridesaboutonceaweek,oftendiscussingthehistoryoftheirtown.

“Despitemydeceasedparents,itgivesmeaconnectionwithpeoplefromanolder

generation,saidLawrence,4fcandIenjoyspendingtimewiththemandhearingtheirstories.”

Thepairhaveformedafriendshipoutsideofcycling.LawrencesaidhecallsLyonoften

andgoestothegymwithhimtohelphimwithexerciseshecan'tdoonhisown.

OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat'sthepoweroftheprogram.

“Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleandstoriestogetherto

createnewrelationships,hetoldCBSNews.uInmyfriendships—andtheabilitytoform

newrelationshipsatanyage——arewhatdefineagoodlife,andoftenalsoalongandhappy

li電”

JohnBoettnerstartedtheSantaBarbarachapter.Hehasonerulefbrpassengers."They

say,4WhatdoesitcostifI'mgoingtogofbraride?'Isay,'Here'swhatitcosts:Youhaveto

wave.Ifyoudon'twave,Tmgoingtokickyouout,'"hejoked.Hesaidhelikeswhenthey

hitredlights,becauseitgivesthemachancetoconnectwithpeopleontheroad.''Drivingthe

trishawisthebestadvertisementforCyclingWithoutAge”,Boettnersaid,“Whenyoutakea

101-year-oldwomanfbrabikerideandsheholdsyourhandtightandsaysthankyouand

givesyouakissonthecheek,itdoesn'tgetanybetterthanthat.”

4.WhatdidLawrencebenefitfromCyclingWithoutAge?

A.Pickingupforgottenstories.B.Improvinghishealthcondition.

C.Understandinghisparents5love.D.Creatingarelationshipwithseniors.

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5.WhydidOleKassowmention“fHendships”?

A.Tosharethepleasureofcycling.B.Tostatethenatureofhappiness.

C.Toshowthevalueoftheprogram.D.Tointroducethedefinitionofagoodlife.

6.WhatcanwelearnfromBoettner?swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Theprogramneedstobeadvertised.B.Passengershavetopayfortheirrides.

C.Redlightsconnectpeopleontheroad.D.Bikeridersfeelfulfilledbyoffering

rides.

7.Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?

A.Asweetfrienshiprefreshesthesoul.B.Bearainbowinsomebodyelse'scloud.

C.Don'tgothroughlife,growthroughlife.D.Happinessisajourney,notadestination.

Foranyonetryingtoloseweight,there'satruthwecanalluniversallyacknowledgethat

betterhealthisoftenpositionedasanumbersgame.Hittherightnumber,andallyourhealth

problemswillmagicallyresolve,sothelogicgoes.Yetincreasingly,scienceisrevealingthat

losingweightmaynotbeasilverbulletafterall.Inamousestudypublishedinthejournal

Science,lookingspecificallyataninflammatory（炎癥的）eyeconditionlinkedtoobesity

calledmaculardegeneration（黃斑退化），researchersfoundthestruggleforbetterhealth

doesn'tnecessarilybeginandendwithweightloss.

Researchersconductedexperimentsonmicethatwerefedahigh-fatdietfbr11weeks,

makingthemgainweight.Themicewerethenputonadietoflow-fatfoodfbr9weeks,

makingthemloseweight.Anothergroupofmiceonlyatethelow-fatdietasacontrol.

Researchersshotlasersintotheeyesofboththeyo-yodietermiceandthecontrolmiceto

encourageatypicalbloodvessel（非典型性血管）growth,amarkofmaculardegeneration.

Amongthemicethathadgainedandthenlostweight,therewasabout40percentmore

atypicalbloodvesselgrowththantheirstabledietpeers.Drivingthegrowthappearedtobe

macrophages（巨噬細(xì)胞）.Intheyo-yodietermice,thesecellshadbeenreprogrammedto

causeinflammation.Takentogether,thesecellsappearedtohaveanoutsizeroleinatypical

bloodvesselgrowthintheeyes.Meanwhile,inthemicefedonlyalow-fatdiet,inflammatory

changeswereabsent.Theresultssuggestthateatingahigh-fatdietthatcausesweightgain,

eveniffollowedbyweightloss,leavesaninflammatorymarkonmousemacrophages.

Theresearchcomesduringaperiodofrenewedinterestinanti-obesitydrugs.But

medicinesthathelppeopleshedpoundsdonottreatinflammationlinkedtoahistoryof

試卷第3頁，共10頁

weightgain.4tHowtoengagethesefindingswithmedicineinterventionsisachallenge,,9says

Bapat,headoftheresearch.

8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“asilverbullet“underlinedinparagraph1?

A.Aworkablesolution.B.Atoughchoice.

C.Anultimateobjective.D.Amajorchallenge.

9.Howdoresearcherscarryouttheexperiment?

A?Bymakingcomparison.B.Bylistingexamples.

C.Bycontrolingtestmethods.D.Byanalyzingdietcomponents.

10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchresults?

A.Stabledietingdrivesthegrowthofmacrophages.

B.Reprogrammedcellsaretoblameforweightgain.

C.Inflammatorychangesarecausedbythelow-fatdiet.

D.Losingweightdoesn'tresolvetheinflammationtiedtoweightgain.

11.Whatwilltheresearchfocusonnext?

A.Exploringwaysoflosingweight.B.Trackingthehistoryofweightloss.

C.Treatingobesity-linkedinflammation.D.Boostinginterestinanti-obesitydrugs.

Anewkindofsolarpanel,developedattheUniversityofMichigan,hasachievedhigh

efficiencyintransformingwaterintohydrogenandoxygen——imitatingacrucialstepin

naturalphotosynthesis（光合作用）.Theoutdoorversionoftheexperiment,withlessreliable

sunlightandtemperature,achieved6.1%efficiencyatturningtheenergyfromthesuninto

hydrogenfuel.However,indoors,thesystemachieved9%efficiency.

Butthebiggestbenefitisdrivingdownthecostofsustainablehydrogen.Thisisenabled

byreducingthesizeofthesemiconductor（半導(dǎo)體）,typicallythemostexpensivepartofthe

device.Theteam'sself-healingsemiconductorwithstandsconcentratedlightequivalentto

160suns.

“Webelievethatartificialphotosynthesisdeviceswillbemuchmoreefficientthan

naturalphotosynthesis,whichwillprovideapathtowardcarbonneutrality,saidZetianMi,

U-MprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringwholedthestudyreportedinNature.

Thenewtechnologyhastwoadvances.Thefirstistheabilitytoconcentratethesunlight

withoutdestroyingthesemiconductorthattrapsthelight.4tWereducedthesizeofthe

semiconductorbymorethan100timescomparedtosomesemiconductorsonlyworkingat

試卷第4頁，共10頁

lowlightintensity,“saidPengZhou,U-Mresearchfellowinelectricalandcomputer

engineeringandfirstauthorofthestudy."Hydrogenproducedbyourtechnologycouldbe

verycheap.^^

Andthesecondisusingboththehigherenergypartofthesolarspectrum（光譜）tobreak

downwaterandthelowerpartofthespectrumtoprovideheatthatencouragesthereaction.

Themagicisenabledbyasemiconductorcatalyst（催化齊（j）thatimprovesitselfwithuse,

resistingthedegradation（降解）thatsuchcatalystsusuallyexperiencewhentheytrapsunlight

todrivechemicalreactions.

Thenextchallengestheteamintendstotacklearetofurtherimprovetheefficiencyand

toachievesuperhighpurityhydrogenthatcanbedirectlyfedintofuelcells.

12.Whatleadstothelowercostofsustainablehydrogen?

A.Solarenergy.B.Smallersemiconductors.

C.Naturalphotosynthesis.D.Moreconcentratedlight.

13.Whatisanadvantageofthenewtechnology?

A.Acatalysteasilyavailable.B.Creativeuseofthesolarspectrum.

C.Outstandingabilitytoreflectlight.D.Asemiconductorworkingatlowlight

intensity.

14.Whyarethetwoadvancesofthenewsolarpanelmentioned?

A.Tointroduceagreenerlifestyle.B.Topromoteitscommercialvalue.

C.Tostateitstechnicalbreakthrough.D.Toadvertisethepotentialapplication.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.A.NewTrendinWaterUsageB.TheFutureofSustainableHydrogen

C.SolarEnergy:MoreEfficient,GreenerD.CheaperHydrogenThroughSolarPower

二、七選五

Manyhumanshaveamentalnumberlinethatoftenputssmallernumbersontheleftand

biggernumbersontheright—ifaskedtoorganizeseveralbunchesofgrapesbysize,you'd

likelylinethemupbyincreasingnumberofgrapesfromlefttoright.Likemanyhumans,

honeybeesseemtoprefertheirnumbersorderedfromlefttoright,anewstudyclaims.

16ResearchersreportedtheirfindingsOctober17intheProceedingsofthe

NationalAcademyofSciences.

試卷第5頁，共10頁

MartinGiurfa,abiologist,tested134honeybeesontheirnumber-orderingabilities.First

Giurfahadtoteachhisbeepupilstorecognizenumbers.Usingsugarwater,heguided

honeybeesintoatestingbeehousebuiltfromarepurposedwinebox.Foreachbee,hehunga

panelonthebackoftheboxwithacertainnumberofsymbolsonit——one,threeorfive.

17Sothey'dlearntoassociatethenumberwithfood.Byvaryingwhatthesymbols

lookedlikebetweenvisits,heensuredthebeeswerelearningthenumberitselfandnotcertain

shapesorarrangements.

18Giurfaremovedthetrainingpanelandsetuptwo,mirror-imagepanels,one

ontheleftwalloftheboxandoneontheright.Thesenewpanelseitherhadthesamenumber

ofsymbolsasthetrainingpanel,fewersymbolsormore.Whichpaneldidthebeesfly

to—leftorright?"19"Giurfasays.Ofthebeestrainedon"one,"72percentflewto

the“three“paneltotheright,butofthebeestrainedon"five,"73percentwenttothe“three”

paneltotheleft"That'sexactlytheconceptofthementalnumberline,^^Giurfasays.

Thoughsomecognitive（認(rèn)知的）powersseemtobeuniquelyhuman,Giurfathinksthere

isdangerindismissingtheabilitiesofanimals.4tWearedifferentfromanimalsinsome

aspects,“hesays,“butweareverysimilarinothers.20”

A.Thenhefedthemthesugarwater.

B.Itdependsonthereferencenumber.

C.However,noteveryoneisconvinced.

D.After30tripstothebox,itwastimefbratest.

E.Itsuggeststhathoneybeeshavea"mentalnumberline”.

F.Giurfathinksbeesandchickshaveinbornmentalnumberlines.

G.Denyingthissimilaritywillnothelpusunderstandwhatweare.

三、完形填空

HeadtoFlint,Michigan,onaWednesdaynight,andyou,llseeablindingdisplayof

lightsneartheriver.

Thetradition21onawhimin2010withDanielRiddick,adoctorinHurley

Children'sHospitalinProvidence,RhodeIsland.Hispatient,ateenager,hadbeeninthe

hospitallong-term.Duringhisstay,Danielhad22withthekidsodeeplythathe

decidedthatontheboy's23nightthere,hewoulddosomething24fbr

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thefinalparting.

Asheleft,Danieltoldtheboyto25thecornernearthebusstopfromhis

window.Daniel26tothatspot,turnedaround,andflickered（閃爍）hisbikelight

uptowardthehospital.Tohissurprise,theteenflickeredhisownroomlightsto27.

“Fromaquartermileawayitwasvery28wherethekidwas,"saysDaniel."I

figuredifit29onceIcoulddoitagain.^^Andsohedid.

Danielmadeita30tofickerhisbikelightstokidsasheleftfbrthenightas

a31waytosaygoodbye.Thenightlytraditionbecamesucha32

thatcustomersstartedjoininginwithflashlightsandcellphonestoo.

Thetraditionhas33inspiredthosebeyondMichiganandDanielhopesit

34evenmore.4itcouldhappenanywhereifsomeoneiswillingtogiveitatry

withone35Jhesays.

21.A.developedB.survivedC.continuedD.started

22.A.negotiatedB.bondedC.agreedD.accommodated

23.A.lastB.usualC.scaryD.challenging

24.A.essentialB.accurateC.specialD.tolerant

25.A.witnessB.appreciateC.watchD.explore

26.A.slidB.bikedC.droveD.paced

27.A.signalB.warnC.checkD.respond

28.A.evidentB.importantC.probableD.surprising

29.A.workedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered

30.A.dutyB.assignmentC.practiceD.commitment

31.A.casualB.trendyC.strangeD.fun

32.A.phenomenonB.miracleC.hitD.celebration

33.A.onlyB.evenC.nearlyD.ever

34.A.improvesB.spreadsC.extendsD.accelerates

35.A.lightB.messageC.hopeD.sign

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

You'veneverheardsongsquitelikethisbefore.Infact,itseemsthatMoyunofHong

試卷第7頁，共10頁

Kongcantransformjustaboutanysongintosomethingcompletelynew36thehelp

oftheGuzheng.ThistraditionalChineseinstrument37(make)of16ormorestrings

andmovablebridges.Together,itproducessomeofthesweetestsoundsthatpairsurprisingly

wellwith38wasoriginallyarocksong.

"TraditionalChineseinstrumentsaren'tsuitedfor39(adapt)aband'sentire

sound,“Moyunsaid."Guzhengislikethebass.Ifshardtocreatevariationswithit."Despite

the40(limitation),Moyunhasmasteredtheprocessofchangingpopularmusicfor

theGuzheng.Inoneofhermanyvideos41(share)onYouTube,shedoesthiswith

“Thunderstruck“byAC/DC.Duringher42(perform),Moyunisconstantlymoving

bothofherhands,eachmovement43(effortless)methodicalandfascinatingto

watch.Whenshe'snotplucking(彈撥)oneoftheinstrument'smanystings,sheisbeatingit

likeadrum.

Bysharingvideoslikethese,Moyunhopesthatmorepeoplewillcometoappreciatethis

uniqueinstrument.''Chineseculturetends44(be)abstract,shesaid."It'snotreally

accessible.Butpopcultureisaccessible.Byputting45twotogether,Ihopethe

audiencecanappreciatemymusic.”

五、其他應(yīng)用文

46.上周你參加了學(xué)校學(xué)生會組織的以心理健康教育為主題的系列活動，請你給校英文

報寫一篇報道，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動內(nèi)容；

2.活動反響。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

試卷第8頁，共10頁

六、讀后續(xù)寫

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫一段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Palmtreesseemedtospeedbythecarwindow.Eight-year-oldKatrinabegantoget

nervous,thewayshealwaysdidinnewsurroundings.Shefeltathinshineofsweataboveher

lipinspiteofthecar'scoolair."Theaquariumwon'tbecrowded,Ibet,andpeoplearegonna

noticeme.Ihatewearingthisprosthesisleg（假肢）Shefelttearspinprickbehindhereyes.

“Notbeingnonnalistheworst.”

EnteringtheClearwaterMarineAquarium,aroundacomerofatank,shenoticedan

animalthatlookedunusual.uIsthatadolphinwithstump（假肢）insteadofatail?”sheasked

anaquariumstaff.Henodded."Yes,that'sWinter.She'saveryspecialdolphin.^^“What

happenedtoher?^^“ThisgirldolphinwasfoundoffthecoastofFlorida,caughtinacrabtrap.

Theropesfromthetrapcutoffthebloodcirculationtohertail.SoshelostherKatrina

caughtherbreath."She'sjustlikeme.She?sjustlikeme.”“Butshestruggledtosurvive.Now

shewearsaprosthetictailpartofthedaytohelpherswimlikeadolphin'ssupposedtoswim.”

thestaffcontinued,"Everyday,Wintershowsusanythingispossibleifwebelieve.^^

Katrinafeltherheartstringwastouched.ShewavedatWinter.LookingatKatrina,

Winterraisedherflipper（鰭）,cametoherandliftedherhead."She'sswimmingrightintomy

arms,,,Katrinasaidtearfully.Theymadeeyecontact.SheseemedtobespeakingtoKatrina:

We'rethesame.

Backhome,allKatrinatalkedaboutwasWinter.Fortwoweeks,shecriedandbegged

hermothertotakeherbacktoClearwater.

Unfortunately,anotherblowhitKatrina.Shefellonthehardwoodfloorathomeand

brokeherotherleg.Katrinawasinconstantlegnervepain.Afterathroughexamination,the

doctorexplainedbadnewsthatshewouldneedanothersurgeryonherleg.Yearsofaliving

hellcamebacktoher.

Shestartedfearingsurgeryagainandrefusedtotakeany.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

KatrinasmomdecidedtotakeherbacktoClearwater.

試卷第9頁，共10頁

FinallycamethedaywhenKatrinawasinthehospitalagain.

試卷第10頁，共10頁

參考答案:

1.C2.A3.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾款學(xué)習(xí)英語的最佳應(yīng)用程序。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestforPronunciation:ELSASpeak下列段落中“Theapp'sgreatest

strengthisitsintensiveAIfeedback,butELSAalsoprovidesmini-trainingsessionstoreally

perfectyourpronunciation.（這款應(yīng)用最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它的人工智能反饋，但ELSA還提供小型

培訓(xùn)課程，以真正完善你的發(fā)音。戶可知，ELSASpeak的特點(diǎn)是能給學(xué)習(xí)者有用的反饋。

故選C項。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestforImmersinginEnglishVideos:FluentU下列段落中“FuentUisa

languagelearningappthatteachesyouEnglishthroughauthenticvideoslikenewsreports,movie

scenesandinterviews,withlearnertoolsforalllevels.（FuentU是一款語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序，通過

新聞報道、電影場景和采訪等真實視頻教你英語，并為所有級別的學(xué)習(xí)者提供學(xué)習(xí)工具。y

可知，F(xiàn)luentU提供視頻作為學(xué)習(xí)資源。故選A項。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Lingodecr'slessonsarearrangedaccordingtothemes,suchas

sports,weather,partsofthebodyandshopping.（Lingodeer的課程是根據(jù)主題來安排的，比如運(yùn)

動、天氣、身體部位和購物。戶可知，學(xué)習(xí)者可以使用Lingodeer圍繞一個主題學(xué)習(xí)。故選

B項。

4.D5.C6.D7.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報道。本文主要講述“無年齡騎行”通過組織人們一起騎自行車把陌生人

變成朋友，讓陌生人之間在騎行的過程中體會到了幸福感。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Despitemydeceasedparents,itgivesmeaconnectionwithpeople

fromanoldergeneration,vsaidLawrence,uandIenjoyspendingtimewiththemandhearingtheir

stories.”（勞倫斯說：“盡管我的父母去世了，但這讓我與老一輩的人有了聯(lián)系，我喜歡與他

們共度時光，聆聽他們的故事。"）”可知，勞倫斯在CyclingWithoutAge騎行的過程中可以

讓他與老一輩的人有了聯(lián)系。故選D。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat'sthe

poweroftheprogram.t4Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleand

storiestogethertocreatenewrelationships,hetoldCBSNews.t4Inmyfriendships-andthe

答案第1頁，共12頁

abilitytofbnnnewrelationshipsatanyage—arewhatdefineagoodlife,andoftenalsoalongand

happylife.”(奧勒?卡斯索(OleKassow)創(chuàng)立了“無年齡騎行”(CyclingWithoutAge),他說

這就是該項目的力量所在。他告訴哥倫比亞廣播公司：“這些騎自行車的真正強(qiáng)大之處在于，

它們將人們和故事聯(lián)系在一起，創(chuàng)造新的關(guān)系。在我的友誼中，以及在任何年齡段建立新關(guān)

系的能力，都是美好生活的定義，通常也是幸福長壽的定義?？芍?，卡斯索提到“友誼”

是為了體現(xiàn)該項目的價值所在。故選C。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Boettnersaid,“Whenyoutakea101-year-oldwomanforabike

rideandsheholdsyourhandtightandsaysthankyouandgivesyouakissonthecheek,itdoesn't

getanybetterthanthat.”(Boettner說：“當(dāng)你帶著一位101歲的女士騎車時，她緊緊握著你的

手，對你說謝謝，并在你的臉頰上吻了一下，什么都不會比這更好。")”可知，騎行讓Boettner

感到了滿足感。故選D。

7.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat'sthe

poweroftheprogram."Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleand

storiestogethertocreatenewrelationships,hetoldCBSNews."Inmyfriendships-andthe

abilitytofonnnewrelationshipsatanyage——arewhatdefineagoodlife,andoftenalsoalongand

happylife.”(奧勒?卡斯索(OleKassow)創(chuàng)立了“無年齡騎行”(CyclingWithoutAge),他說

這就是該項目的價值所在。他告訴哥倫比亞廣播公司：“這些騎自行車的真正強(qiáng)大之處在于，

它們將人們和故事聯(lián)系在一起，創(chuàng)造新的關(guān)系。在我的友誼中，以及在任何年齡段建立新關(guān)

系的能力，都是美好生活的定義，通常也是幸福長壽的定義?！睉艨芍?，本文主要講述“無年

齡騎行”通過組織人們一起騎自行車把陌生人變成朋友，讓陌生人之間在騎行的過程中體會

到了幸福感。所以B選項“成為別人云中的彩虹”，符合題意。故選B。

8.A9.A10.D11.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹減肥并不能解決所有的健康問題。

8.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段"Hittherightnumber,andallyourhealthproblemswillmagically

resolve,sothelogicgoes.Yetincreasingly,scienceisrevealingthatlosingweightmaynotbea

silverbulletafteralL(按正確的數(shù)字，你所有的健康問題都會神奇地解決，這就是邏輯。然而，

越來越多的科學(xué)表明，減肥可能終究不是asilverbullet。戶可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，減肥

不能解決所有的健康問題，所以asilverbullet的意思是指“有效的解決辦法”，和選項A意思

一致。故選A。

答案第2頁，共12頁

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersconductedexperimentsonmicethatwerefedahigh-fat

dietfor11weeks,makingthemgainweight.Themicewerethenputonadietoflow-fatfoodfor

9weeks,makingthemloseweight.Anothergroupofmiceonlyatethelow-fatdietasacontrol.

Researchersshotlasersintotheeyesofboththeyo-yodietermiceandthecontrolmiceto

encourageatypicalbloodvessel（非典型性血管）growth,amarkofmaculardegeneration.（研究人

員對高脂肪飲食11周的小鼠進(jìn)行了實驗，使它們體重增加。然后，給小鼠喂食低脂食物9

周，使其體重減輕。另一組小鼠只吃低脂飲食作為對照。研究人員向溜溜球減肥小鼠和對照

小鼠的眼睛發(fā)射激光，以促進(jìn)非典型血管生長，這是黃斑變性的標(biāo)志。廣可知，研究人員通

過對比的方法進(jìn)行的實驗。故選A。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresultssuggestthateatingahigh-fatdietthatcausesweight

gain,eveniffollowedbyweightloss,leavesaninflammatorymarkonmousemacrophages.（研究

結(jié)果表明，食用高脂肪飲食會導(dǎo)致體重增加，即使隨后體重下降，也會在小鼠巨噬細(xì)胞上留

下炎癥標(biāo)記。）”可知，減肥并不能解決與體重增加相關(guān)的炎癥。故選D。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Theresearchcomesduringaperiodofrenewedinterestin

anti-obesitydrugs.Butmedicinesthathelppeopleshedpoundsdonottreatinflammationlinkedto

ahistoryofweightgain."Howtoengagethesefindingswithmedicineinterventionsisa

challenge,saysBapat,headoftheresearch.（這項研究正值人們對抗肥胖藥物重新產(chǎn)生興趣的

時期。但幫助人們減肥的藥物并不能治療與體重增加相關(guān)的炎癥。研究負(fù)責(zé)人巴帕特說：“如

何將這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與醫(yī)學(xué)干預(yù)相結(jié)合是一個挑戰(zhàn)?？芍?，接下來他們要研究治療肥胖相關(guān)的

炎癥。故選C。

12.B13.B14.C15.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。密歇根大學(xué)通過模仿自然的光合作用，開發(fā)了一種新型太陽能電

池板，它能高效地將水轉(zhuǎn)化為氫。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句"Butthebiggestbenefitisdrivingdownthecostof

sustainablehydrogen.Thisisenabledbyreducingthesizeofthesemiconductor,typicallythe

mostexpensivepartofthedevice.（但最大的好處是降低了可持續(xù)氫的成本。這是通過減小半

導(dǎo)體的尺寸實現(xiàn)的，半導(dǎo)體通常是設(shè)備中最昂貴的部分。）“可知，導(dǎo)致持續(xù)氫的低成本的原

因是半導(dǎo)體的尺寸更小了。故選B項。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句"Thenewtechnologyhastwoadvances.（這項新技術(shù)有兩

答案第3頁，共12頁

個進(jìn)步。）”和第五段第一句"Andthesecondisusingboththehigherenergypartofthesolar

spectrum（光譜）tobreakdownwaterandthelowerpartofthespectrumtoprovideheatthat

encouragesthereaction.（第二個進(jìn)步是利用太陽光譜的高能量部分來分解水，并利用光譜的低

能量部分提供熱量來促進(jìn)反應(yīng)。）”可知，這項新技術(shù)（新的太陽能電池板）的一個優(yōu)勢是創(chuàng)

造性利用太陽光譜。故選B項。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句"Thefirstistheabilitytoconcentratethesunlightwithout

destroyingthesemiconductorthattrapsthelight.（首先是在不破壞捕獲光的半導(dǎo)體的情況下集

中太陽光的能力。戶和第五段第一旬，Andthesecondisusingboththehigherenergypartofthe

solarspectrumtobreakdownwaterandthelowerpartofthespectrumtoprovideheatthat

encouragesthereaction.（第二個進(jìn)步是利用太陽光譜的高能量部分來分解水，并利用光譜的

低能量部分提供熱量來促進(jìn)反應(yīng)。）“可知，文章提到新型太陽能電池板的兩項進(jìn)步是為了陳

述其技術(shù)突破。故選C項。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段第一句"Anewkindofsolarpanel,developedatthe

UniversityofMichigan,hasachievedhighefficiencyintransformingwaterintohydrogenand

oxygen一imitatingacrucialst印innaturalphotosynthesis.（密歇根大學(xué)開發(fā)的一種新型太陽能

電池板已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了高效地將水轉(zhuǎn)化為氫和氧——模仿了自然光合作用的一個關(guān)鍵步驟（光合

作用）。）”和第四段最后一句“"Hydrogenproducedbyourtechnologycouldbeverycheap."（“用

我們的技術(shù)生產(chǎn)氫氣可能會非常便宜。可知，本文主要講了利用太陽能將水轉(zhuǎn)化為氫和

氧（本文重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了氫），且利用這個技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的氫非常便宜。D項“CheaperHydrogenThrough

SolarPower（通過太陽能發(fā)電更便宜的氫）”作為標(biāo)題，可以概括本文主旨。故選D項。

16.E17.A18.D19.B20.G

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。新的研究稱，像許多人類一樣，蜜蜂也有數(shù)字排序能力，似乎更

喜歡從左到右排列它們的數(shù)字。

16.根據(jù)上文“Likemanyhumans,honeybeesseemtoprefertheirnumbersord