語法基礎(chǔ)知識復(fù)習(xí)講義連詞（教師版）

專題六連詞專題六連詞連詞是用來連接單詞與單詞、短語與短語、句子與句子之間的具體關(guān)系的詞。連詞是一種虛詞，雖有意義，但在句中不能單獨(dú)作成分，只起連接作用。它分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。【考情分析】連詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點(diǎn)。從考查形式看，一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運(yùn)用等。所占分值通常為2～4分。從命題意圖看，側(cè)重考查考生的具體語言環(huán)境中使用連詞的能力。知識梳理知識梳理第一部分并列連詞并列連詞是指用來連接具有并列關(guān)系的單詞、短語、或句子的連詞(如and，but，or，so等)，可表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果等關(guān)系?？键c(diǎn)一：表示并列關(guān)系的連詞（短語）連詞（短語）意義例句說明and和；又Sheiskindandpatient.她既友好又有耐心。表并列，and前后的詞意義相近，否定句中用or然后Hecameinandtookoffhiscoat.他進(jìn)來然后脫掉外套。表示動作先后。那么Becareful,andyouwillmakefewermistakes.細(xì)心點(diǎn)，你就會少犯錯誤。祈使句＋and＋陳述句(前后是統(tǒng)一的)。both...and...兩者都……BothLindaandAmylikereading.琳達(dá)和埃米都喜歡閱讀。連接并列主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)（單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)）形式。neither...nor...既不……也不……Mr.Gaoneitherdrinksnorsmokes.高先生既不喝酒也不抽煙。連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的形式遵循“就近原則”。notonly...butalso...不但……而且……NotonlyhebutalsoIamexcitedaboutthenews.不但他而且我也對這個消息感到興奮?？键c(diǎn)二：表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞連詞意義例句說明but但是Themanispoor,butheishappy.這個人很窮，但他很快樂。不能與although/though同時使用while然而Ilikeredwhileshelikesblue.我喜歡紅色而她喜歡藍(lán)色。強(qiáng)調(diào)對比關(guān)系。however雖然Tinadidn’tpassthefinalexam.However,shedidn’tloseheart.蒂娜沒有通過期末考試，然而，她沒有灰心。置于句中時，其后要用逗號與后面的句子隔開考點(diǎn)三：表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞（短語）連詞（短語）意義例句說明or或者Whoistaller，SamorJohn?誰更高，薩姆還是約翰?表示選擇。否則Studyhard,oryou'llfailtheexam.努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你會考試不及格。祈使句＋or＋陳述句(前后是對立的)。either...or...或者……或者……EithermilkorcoffeeisOK.牛奶或咖啡都可以。連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的形式遵循“就近原則”。考點(diǎn)四：表示因果關(guān)系的連詞連詞意義例句說明so因此；所以Hewasill,sohedidn'tgotoschool.他生病了，因此沒有去上學(xué)。不能與because同時使用。基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、單項選擇1.Dmybrothermysisterlikespopmusic.Theyoftenlistentoit.A.Both;and B.Neither;norC.Either;or D.Notonly;butalso2.Wemustgetbacktowork,Dwewon'tfinishthetask.A.and B.but C.so D.or3.—Bill,didyougetfullmarks(滿分)inyourP.E.exam？—No,Ididn't.DIhavetriedmybest.A.And B.So C.Because D.But4.Myarmisstillpainful,AI'mgoingtoseeadoctor.A.so B.for C.but D.or5.Ihaveonlytwoticketsformyfavoritesinger'sconcert.Ayouhecangowithme.真題演練A.Either;or B.Neither;norC.Both;and D.Notonly;butalso真題演練一、單項選擇1.（2022·湖南湘西）Thesmartphoneisagoodtoolformunication,___B____usingittoomuchisbadforourgrowth（成長）.A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．or2.（2022·廣西柳州）Lucy___C____Lilyareclassmates.TheyareinClass1.A．but B．or C．a(chǎn)nd3.（2021·西藏）—Helloboys!Ourschoolmusicfestivalising.Whocanplaytheguitar?—___A____Sam________Tomcanplayit.Theyaregoodatplayingtheguitar.A．Both；and B．Either；nor C．Neither；nor D．Between；and4.（2021·山東濟(jì)南）LittleKateisonly4yearsold,____C____shecanhelpwithalotofhousework.A．or B．so C．but D．because5.（2023·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考二模）—___B____Sarah________hersisterhasenoughcouragetotelltheirmomthebadnews.—Theymaythinkshewillbeverysadaboutit.A．Either;or B．Neither;nor C．Both;and第二部分從屬連詞從屬連詞是用來引導(dǎo)從句的。中考主要考查引導(dǎo)賓語從句(if，whether)和狀語從句(如when，because，until等)的連詞?？键c(diǎn)一：引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞連詞含義用法例句when當(dāng)……時候從句后的謂語動詞可以是瞬間動詞也可以是延續(xù)性動詞，主從句描述的動詞可以同時，也可以先后發(fā)生WhenIarrivedthere,itwasraining.while從句后的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，側(cè)重主從句動作同時發(fā)生WhileIwaswatchingTV,mysisterwasdoingherhomework.until直到……常用在“not...until...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“直到……才……”Don’teatituntilyougettotheforest.before在……之前表示過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)Beforeyouspeaktoofastandinanger,counttoten,andifyouarestillangry,countagain.after在……之后指的是以過去時間為起點(diǎn)的一段時間之后AfterIgraduated,IbecameanEnglishteacher.since自從主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時Irealizedthatsincemyparentsmovedaway,I’vebeenafraidofbeingalone.once一……就……用于連接時間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于assoonasOncetheyfindpeopleinneed,theywilltrytheirbesttohelpthem.考點(diǎn)二：引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞連詞含義用法例句if如果if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則Ifheorsheblowsoutallthecandlesinonego,thewishwilletrue.unless除非/如果不unless可以轉(zhuǎn)化為“if...not...”結(jié)構(gòu)。主從句時態(tài)同if一致Hewon’tfinishtheworkunlessheworkshard.aslongas只要引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時(時態(tài))Friendsarelikebooks—youdon’tneedalotofthemaslongasthey’regood.考點(diǎn)三：引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞連詞含義用法例句though雖然；盡管引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，不能與but同時使用Although/Thoughitisaverysmallcountry,itisveryrich.althougheventhough/ifwhatever無論什么等于nomatterwhatWhateverhappens,don’tforgettowrite.whenever無論何時等于nomatterwhenWheneverIseehim,he’sreading.考點(diǎn)四：引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞連詞含義用法例句because因為回答why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，because和so不能同時使用BecauseIgotuptoolateanddidn’tcatchtheearlybus.since因為；既然語氣比because弱，表示對方已知的原因Sincehesaysso,itmustbetrue.考點(diǎn)五：引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞連詞含義用法例句sothat以便；為了等于inorderto，但inorderto后接動詞原形，不能接句子Theteacherspokeloudlysothat/inorderthatwecouldhearhimclearly.inorderthat考點(diǎn)六：引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞連詞含義用法例句so...that...如此……以至于……so后跟形容詞或副詞,構(gòu)成：so+adj/adv+thatHewassoangrythathecouldn’tsayaword.such...that...such后跟名詞,構(gòu)成以下結(jié)構(gòu)：such+a/an+adj+n單+thatsuch+adj+n復(fù)/n不+thatIt’ssuchafinedaythatmanypeoplegototheparkforfun.【注意】當(dāng)名詞前有many/much/few/little修飾時，用so而不用such。（“多多少少要用so”）【拓展延伸】too+adj+todosth或（not）...enough+todosth的結(jié)構(gòu)同樣可以表示結(jié)果。Eg.Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一、單項選擇1.Ourbusinesswon'timproveBweofferbetterservicestoourcustomers.A.because B.unless C.after D.since2.HecouldfindthewayhomeAhewasonlythreeyearsold.A.though B.because C.where D.if3.—Hasthemeetingbegunyet？—Notyet.WehavetowaitBeveryoneishere.A.and B.until C.or D.but4.—I'mafraide-booksmightbebadforoureyes.—Hmm,buttheywillbehelpfulforusBweputthemtogooduse.A.assoonas B.aslongasC.eventhough D.sothat5.OurteachershavebeenwithusfornearlythreeyearsCwecametojuniorhighschool.Weshouldthankthemforwhattheyhavedoneforus.A.until B.before C.since D.while6.ChinesegovernmentismakingeveryefforttoreducepollutionCwecanlivemorehappilyandhealthily.A.asif B.eventhough C.sothat D.becauseof7.MygrandparentswroteletterstokeepintouchwithothersAtheywereyoung.A.when B.since C.after D.before8.—DoyoustillrememberourprimaryschoolteacherMrs.Liu?—Yes,shealwaysencouragedusandgaveussupportAwemetdifficulties.真題演練A.whenever B.whatever C.however D.wherever真題演練一、單項選擇1.（2022·遼寧）Teenagersshoulddosomehousework___C____theyfinishtheirhomework.A．until B．but C．a(chǎn)fter D．unless2.（2022·江蘇徐州）Dadsometimesgoestothesupermarketwithus,___C____hehatesgoingshopping.A．because B．so C．though D．if3.（2022·廣西百色）Mr.ZhaohasgivenmuchmoneytoProjectHope___B____heisnotsorich.A．if B．though C．because D．unless4.（2022·廣西河池）Ourclassroomwon’tbeclean___C____wecleaniteveryday.A．a(chǎn)fter B．while C．unless D．because5.（2022·內(nèi)蒙古）—Toomuchworkhasmademetiredthesedays,Mrs.Gao.—That’strue.Butasmalltreewon’tgrowintoabigone___D____itexperienceslotsofwindsandrains.A．if