Unit6復(fù)習(xí)講義牛津譯林版八年級英語下冊

8BUnit6Sunshineforall一、icstripandWeletotheunit.1.I’mtrainingtobeavolunteerfortheOlympicGames.我正在接受訓(xùn)練為奧運會做一名志愿者。traintobeavolunteer(forsth.)培訓(xùn)/訓(xùn)練做一名志愿者【train作動詞：接受訓(xùn)練、培訓(xùn)】=trainasavolunteer(forsth.)中考鏈接：Bythesestudents,wehopethemgoodatgardening.A.train;makeB.training;tomakeC.training;makingD.train;making★【重點】①volunteer作名詞：志愿者；作動詞：志愿做，義務(wù)做；voluntary形容詞②volunteertodosth.=volunteerforsth.志愿做某事③voluntary形容詞：志愿的④theOlympicGames=theOlympics★作主語時：泛指是復(fù)數(shù)，特指某一屆奧運會時是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)?！纠洹縏heOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears.【此處：areheld=takeplace】The29thOlympicGameswere/washeldinBeijingin2008.2.It’smeaningfultodosomethingfortheOlympics.【反義詞：meaningless無意義的】中考鏈接：Idon'thavemuchmoney,butmylifeis_______thanbefore.A.moremeaningfulB.meaningfulerC.moremeaningfulerD.muchmeaningfulIt

is________（mean）

to

do

voluntary

work．3.needsomemorefoodtoeat需要更多的食物來吃【拓展】“數(shù)詞+more+名詞”相當(dāng)于“another+數(shù)詞+名詞”，意為“再/又……”。Wewanttobuytenmoreapples.=Wewanttobuyanothertenapples. 我們想再買10個蘋果。中考鏈接：thefishisveryfreshandgoodmayIhave______?A.somemoreB.anymoreC.anothermoreD.moresomeDowehavefortheevent？—No，Ithinkareneeded．A.volunteersenough；moresomeB.enoughvolunteers；somemoreC.volunteerenough；somemoreD.enoughvolunteers；moresome4.atwork在上班【此處work為名詞】=whileworking5.adisabledperson一個殘疾人【相關(guān)單詞：disabled→ableunableabilitydisability】6.ablindperson一個盲人【blind(adj.)→blindness(n.)失明】7.anelderlyperson一位老年人★theelderly老人=theold;therich富人；theyoung年青人，thepoor窮人【the+形容詞，表示一類人，復(fù)數(shù)】8.deafpeople聾啞人9.havetheirownplacestolive有他們自己的地方住10.ahomelessperson一個無家可歸的人11.Arethereanyotherwaystohelpthem?【疑問句中anyother+復(fù)數(shù)來自someother+復(fù)數(shù)】【回顧】Tomistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.【肯定句中anyother+單數(shù)名詞，意為：任何一個別的.....】12.writetothelocalgovernment寫信給當(dāng)?shù)氐恼緒ritetosb.】13.providespecialplacesforhomelesspeopletostay為無家可歸的人提供專門的地方待【回顧】providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.提供某物給某人offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.提供某物給某人中考鏈接：Theywillp________uswitheggsandmeat.Heprovidedus_______alotofusefulinformation.A.toB.forC.byD.with二、Reading【greeting名詞：問侯】1.LiMingdidn’tknowwhattoexpect.【whattoexpect期盼什么（做賓語）】①★expect（sb.）todosth.期待（某人）去做某事【例句】Youcan'texpecttolearnaforeignlanguageinafewmonths.

不要指望在幾個月內(nèi)就能學(xué)會一門外語。②expect+that從句【例句】Itisexpectedthat

thereportwillsuggestsomemajorreforms.

預(yù)計這個報告會提出一些重大的改革。③lookforwardtodoingsth.期待去做某事

【例句】Ilookforwardtohearing

from

you.

盼望著收到你的信。中考鏈接：DoyouthinkBrazilwillbeatJapaninthenextmatch?Yes，theyhavebetterplayers，soIthemtowin．A．hopeB．preferC．expectD．thinkChildrensometimesare(期望)tofinishsomeimpossiblework．2.themostamazingexperienceofhislife他一生中最神奇的經(jīng)歷3.workasavolunteer作為志愿者工作（當(dāng)志愿者）中考鏈接I’mproudtoworkavolunteertheing2016OlympicA．for；asB．for；inC．a(chǎn)s；forD．in；for4.childrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilities帶有智障的孩子和成年人5.givesb.achancetoshowone’sskillstotheworld給某人一個向全世界展示技能的機會6.includemanyeventssimilartothoseintheOlympics(后置定語）包括許多和奧運會類似的比賽項目=includemanyevents(that/whicharesimilartothoseintheOlympics定語從句)類似例子:Icancarrytheboxfullofbooks.=Icancarrytheboxwhich/thatisfullofbooks.【重點】besimilarto...★與......相似【例句】MycoatissimilartoTom’s.②bethesameas....與.......相同，與.......一樣【例句】The

data

willbethe

sameas

shown

in

the

list.

數(shù)據(jù)和列表中的一樣。③bedifferentfrom....與.......不同【例句】Thefuture

willbe

different

from

thepast.

未來并不同于以往。④event指（運動）比賽項目，重大事件【例句】Theeventisopento

all

ers.

所有人均可參加這項比賽。中考鏈接:Andrew’sthoughtismine．Wecouldn’tagreemorewitheachother．A．differentfromB．a(chǎn)swellasC．similartoD．a(chǎn)greewith7.giveuptheirsparetime放棄他們的業(yè)余時間★giveup動副詞組①giveit/themup②giveupdoingsth.Eg:giveupsmoking戒煙中考鏈接：Don'thope.Everythingwillbeoversoon.Yes.Weshouldlearntobebravewhenweareintrouble.A.turnupB.giveupC.cleanupD.takeupIt’shardformetobeatrailwalker!Never．Believeinyourself．A．putupB．giveupC．hurryupD．setup8.receivetrainingbeforedoingthetasks在接受任務(wù)前接受培訓(xùn)9.providesupportfortheathletes為運動員提供支持【注】①support作名詞或動詞：支持（作名詞為不可數(shù)名詞）②supporter可數(shù)名詞：支持者、擁護者supportsb.in（doing）sth.“在（做）某事上支持某人”。Wesupportourteachersintheireffortstoraiseteachingstandards.我們支持我們的教師為提高教學(xué)水平所做的努力。中考鏈接：Nobodythemexcepttheirfamilyandfriends．A．SupportsB．hatesC．suggestsD．supposes10.helpmaketheeventagreatsuccess幫忙使得這項活動取得圓滿成功11.aswimmingcoach一名游泳教練【coach→復(fù)數(shù)coaches】12.bebornwithintellectualdisabilities天生智障13.★Itwasverybraveofhimtojointhepetition.他去參加比賽真的很勇敢。14.★ToLiHai,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasilver,buttotakepart.對李海來說，最重要的事不是獲得金牌或者銀牌，而是參與?！纠洹縉otyoubutIamwrong.（謂語動詞就近的原則）不是你就是我錯了。中考鏈接Iheardthatyoutherunningrace?Yes，butIonlyfinished.A．joinedin；fourthB．tookpart：fourthC．tookpartin；fourD．joined；four15.finishfourth排名第四=efourth16.feelmoreconfident感到更加自信【回顧】beconfidentofsb./sth.=haveconfidenceinsb/sth.對某人/某事有信心17.bringpeopletogether把人們團結(jié)在一起18.athletesfromdifferentbackgrounds有不同背景的運動員19.feellikepartofonebigfamily感到像一個大家庭的一員【like為介詞：像】①feellikedoingsth.想要做某事=wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.②feellike兩種含義：感覺像；想要中考鏈接Wouldyoulikefootballthisafternoon?I'mafraidnot.I'mnotinterestedinfootball.Instead,Ifeellikeswimming.A.toplay;togoB.playing;goingC.toplay;goingD.playing;togo20.workcloselywiththesespecialathletes與這些特殊的動運員密切合作★close:①（vt.）關(guān)閉；（adj.）離…近的，靠近的：【例句】Myhomeisclosetothebookshop.（adj.）親密的【例句】:myclosefriend（adv.）靠近，接近【例句】Tomliveclosetothepostoffice.②副詞close與closely的區(qū)別：★副詞close(具體)表示實際距離上的接近，如距離、場所、地點等的接近【例句】WeliveclosetotheTIMESshoppingmall.Wesatclosetogether.★closely（抽象）指：抽象意義上的接近，表示親密地，嚴(yán)密地，仔細地【例句】workcloselywithsb.與某人密切合作watchcloselythebirds仔細地觀察這些鳥中考鏈接：Hecameandstoppedtolookattheexhibits.A.close;closelyB.closely;closeC.close;closeD.closely;closelyDon’topenthedoor!Keepthedoor_____.A.close

Bclosed

C.closingD.closelyIt’simportantuscloselywiththesespecialathletes．A．for；workingB．of；workingC．for；toworkD．of；towork21.achievetheirdreams實現(xiàn)他們的夢想=realizetheirdreams=maketheirdreamsetrue★achieve(vt.)實現(xiàn)，達到→achievement(n.)成就22.anintroductiontosth.對某事的一個介紹【回顧】introduce(vt.)→introduceAtoB將A介紹給B23.offertohelpwithoutgettingpaid主動提出幫助而不計報酬三、Grammar【語法】A.Itis+形容詞+todosth:表示做某事是.........It是形式主語，代替真正的主語todosth【例句】Itismeaningfultohelpothers.Itisdifficulttowalkover3mountains.Itiswrongtocopyotherstudents’homework.【語法】B.Itis+形容詞+forsb(賓格)+todosth:表示某人做某事是.......這個結(jié)構(gòu)中的forsb是不定式todosth的邏輯主語.★句中的形容詞是描述所做的事情,而不是描述人。如:dangerous,important,necessary,impossible,hard,difficult,wonderful,interesting等【例句】Itisnecessaryforustoworkhard.【need→necessary】Itisusefulforhimtostudyputerskills.(1)________ishard________him___________(pass)theexam.(2)________isexciting________them___________(see)thepopstar.注：*itis+adj+that從句和itis+adj+forsb.todosth.有時可以互換Itisnecessarythatwetrainourselvesbeforethewalk.=Itisnecessary______________________________ourselvesbeforethewalk.【語法】C.Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.表示某人做某事是.......這個結(jié)構(gòu)中的ofsb是不定式todosth的邏輯主語.句中的形容詞是表示人物品質(zhì)或特征，是用來描述人的，如：kind,nice,clever,wise,polite,brave,★wrong,★right,strong,good,bad,honest,foolish,stupid,careful,careless等?！纠洹縄t’sniceofyoutodonateyourownmoneytopeopleinneed.It’scarelessoftheboytoleavethetaprunning.It’swrongofthepeopletodroplittereverywhere.It’srightofyoutodonatemoneytothosepeopleinneed.【拓展】：以上結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：(1)How+adj.+itis+ofsb.todosth.!【例句】Howkinditisofyoutohelpmesolvetheproblem!(2)Sb.+is+adj.+todosth!【例句】Youarekindtohelpmesolvetheproblem!(3)it還可代替todo和That從句作形式賓語find/make/thinkit+adj+todosth語法練習(xí)：1、It’ssobrave________thesoldiertosavetheboy’slife.A.toB.ofC.for2、_______isdangerousforyoutoswimintheriveralone.A.ItB.ThatC.This3、Itis__________formetofollowtheAustralianguestsbecauseIamgoodatEnglish.A.badB.easyC.hardD.right4、It’sreally________youtodrivesofastonsucharainyday.Slowdown!A.crazyforB.crazyofC.wiseforD.wiseof5、It’sveryconvenient________ustobuytrainticketsnowbecausewecanbuythemeitherfromthestationorontheInternet.A.toB.ofC.byD.for【語法】D.重點短語句型1.giveseatstotheelderly把座位讓給老年人2.donatemoneytocharities把錢捐給慈善機構(gòu)【★donate(vt.)→donation(n.)】★①donatesth.tosb.把某物捐贈給某人★②raise/collectsth.forsb.為某人募集/籌集某物③charity作：慈善機構(gòu)時可數(shù)；作慈善（事業(yè)）時不可數(shù)。3.helpblindpeopletocrosstheroad幫盲人過馬路4.meanalot（tome）（對我）意義非凡5.dotheirworkonetoonewithoutthehelpofvolunteers沒有志愿者的幫助一對一地做他們的工作6.Doyouhaveanytroubletalkingtopeoplewithintellectualdisabilities?★haveproblems/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難=haveproblems/trouble/difficultywithsth.7.makefriendswiththem和他們交朋友8.lookafteralostpet照看一只走失的寵物9.donatebloodtopeopleinneed把血捐給需要的人【blood：不可數(shù)名詞】10.droplittereverywhere到處扔垃圾四、Integratedskills1.atrainingplan一個培訓(xùn)計劃2.takepartinvolunteerproject參加志愿者項目3.learnmoreaboutthepoorareasinChina了解更多有關(guān)中國的貧困地區(qū)4.liveinvillagesfaraway住在遙遠的村莊5.helplocalpeopleimprovetheirlives幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝烁纳扑麄兊纳?.inourdailylives在我們的日常生活中7.saveone’spocketmoney節(jié)省某人的零花錢8.workinamountainarea工作在一個山區(qū)五、Studyskills（一）組織你的想法/思想。一篇文章通常是由三個部分組成：介紹、主體、結(jié)論。但是，根據(jù)寫作的類型或風(fēng)格我們可以用不同的方法來組織我們的寫作思路。1、按時間順序2、按空間順序3、按總體到細節(jié)/從一般到特殊的順序4、按細節(jié)到總體/從特殊到一般的順序（二）重點短語句型。1.spaceorder空間順序2.goodreadinghabits好的讀書習(xí)慣3.helpourmindrelax幫助我們的思想放松下來六、Task1.giveahelpinghand伸出援助之手2.aGrade9student一個九年級的學(xué)生3.beillinhospital生病住院4.haveaseriousblooddisease患嚴(yán)重的血液方面的疾病★disease,sickness,illness區(qū)分：三者都可表示“疾病”，區(qū)別如下：①disease表示“疾病”，通常指具體的“疾病”(可數(shù))。注：有時指疾病的總稱(不可數(shù))，即通稱的“疾病”。②illness和sickness常可通用，它們主要用于表示生病的時間或因病(disease)導(dǎo)致的不健康狀態(tài)等。如：Hecan’tebecauseofillness.另外，sickness還可表示“嘔吐”“惡心”。③醫(yī)學(xué)上表示具體某種病稱時，通常用disease。如：Englishdisease氣管炎heartdisease心臟病lungdisease肺病anervousdisease神經(jīng)病skindisease皮膚病5.Theoperationwillcostover300,000yuan.這個手術(shù)將花費超過30萬元?！铫賝perateonsb.給某人做手術(shù)【operate為不及物動詞】★②do/performanoperationonsb.【operation為可名詞】6.haveenoughmoneyforsuchanoperation7.Itisimportantforhimtohavetheoperationassoonaspossible.對他來說重要的是盡快接受手術(shù)治療。8.lose/saveone’slife失去(挽救)某人的生命9.askforyourhelp尋求你的幫助10.getwellagainsoon很快康復(fù)11.childrenwithoutparents孤兒12.someonewithaserousdisease患有嚴(yán)重疾病的人13.earthquakesurvivors地震幸存者課后練習(xí)一、單項選擇1.Toprotecttheenvironment,supermarketsdon’t____freeplasticbagsforshoppersanymore.A.takeB.showC.provideD.carry2.Theschool’smusicgroupwillbegivingabigshowtomorrownight,andtwoontheweekend.A.moreB.otherC.elseD.another3.ItisreportedthattheChinesegovernmentprovidesfreemilkpowder_____childreninpoorarea.A.withB.forC.toD.by4.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds__________iteveryday.A.practicetospeakB.topracticespeakingC.practicespeakingD.topracticetospeak5.It’simportant________eachother.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helps6.Thepeoplewhoaremoreconfidenthavemore______tomakethemselvessuccessful.A.educationB.chancesC.prideD.excuses7.It’sadifficulttimeforthequakehitvictimsinYa’an,buttheydidn’t__________hope.A.giveupB.giveoffC.giveinD.giveout8.IfweChineseworkhardtogether,ChinaDreamwill______A.eoutB.etrueC.achieve9.Jimhaswonthefirst______intheReadingpetition.A.prideB.prizeC.priceD.award10.IlikeEnglishverymu