2023-2024學(xué)年浙江省高三（上）開學(xué)考試英語試卷（含解析）

2023?2024學(xué)年浙江省高三（上）開學(xué)考試英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Volunteeringforteensisaneducational,mind-openingandlife-enrichingtravelexperience.Since2007,

IVHQhassupportedthousandsofhighschoolstudentstovolunteerinAfrica,Asia,SouthAmerica,

CentralAmerica,NorthAmerica,Europe,theCaribbeanandthePacific.There,snoneedtowaittillyou,re

18tovolunteerabroad!InternationalVolunteerHQspecializesinofferingsafeandaffordablevolunteer

opportunitiesforhighschoolstudentsandteensinmorethan17destinationsaroundtheglobe.

Howtovolunteerasateenageroverseas:

Applyingtovolunteerasateenagerissimple!Onceyouhavedecidedwheretovolunteerandwhich

projectyouwouldliketojoin,youcanapplyonline.It'sfree,onlytakesafewminutesandthereisno

commitmentneededatthisstage.OurteamOfVolunteerTravelSpecialistswillthenguideyouthroughthe

nextstepstosecureyourspotandstartpreparingforyourtrip.

ThereareanumberofwaysyoucanvolunteerwithIVHQdependingonyourage:

Under16:You,reabletovolunteeraspartofagroup（forexample,agroupofstudentsfromyour

highschool,withyourfamilyorfriends）oncertainIVHQprograms.Youmusthaveparental/guardian

permitandbeaccompaniedontheprogrambyadesignatedguardianovertheageof18.Contactustofind

outmore.

16&17yearsold:Youcanjoinoneofourteenvolunteerabroadprogramsindependentlywithparental

permitandtwosatisfactorycharacterreferences.Youcanchoosefromvolunteerprojectsinmorethan17

destinationsandwillreceive24/7supportfromthelocalteam,butnotfulltimesupervision.

1.Whoarethevolunteeringprojectdesignedfor?

A.Adults.B.Children.C.TeenagersD.Students.

2.Howcanyouapplyforvolunteering?

A.ThroughtheInternet.B.Bymail.

C.Inperson.D.Throughcalls.

3.Whatwillagirlat14offerwhenapplying?

A.Agradecertificate.B.Permitfromparents.

C.Aschoolguarantee.D.Characterreferences

B

Asanonlychild,NicoleRenaeoftenfeltlonelyinheryouth.Butthatallchangedwhensheturnedten.For

herbirthday,Renae,sgrandmothersurprisedherwithanadorablegraypuppynamedChloe.

Fromtheverystart,thetwowereinseparable.nShewasmybestfriend,"Renaesays.ButwhenRenae

was14,herfathergotanewjobthatcamewithdevastatingnews:He,dbeworkingathome,andthehouse

neededtobefreeofaudiblenoise.

Withnoeasieroption,thefamilysentChloetoahumanesociety.Thoughtheywereoptimisticthat

thedogwouldfindanewhomewithpeoplewholovedher,theycouldn,tknowforsure.

Intime,Renaegrewup,gotmarried,andhadachildofherown.Rememberingthejoythathavinga

doghadbroughtherasakid,Renaewantedherdaughtertoexperiencethesame.Shehaditinhermind

thatshewouldadoptapuppy,butthenonedayshesawapostonFacebookaboutaseniordogthatneeded

anewhome.ThedoginthephotographlookedalotlikeChloe-shewasevennamedChloe.Inaninstant

itwasdecided:Shewouldadoptthisolderdog.

WhenshemetChloe,Renaewasstruckwithastrangefeeling.Thedogseemedsofamiliar.And

ChloeappearedtofeelthesamewayaboutRenae.ChloeremindedRenaesomuchofherolddogthatthe

emotionoverwhelmedher.

"Iwascrying,"Renaesays.,'Ijustknewinmyheartthatitwasher."

Still,eightyearshadpassedsinceRenaehadseenChloelast,sothenotion（突然的想法）seemedto

belittlemorethanwishfulthinking.

Buthermomrealizedtherewasawaytotestthetheory:TheirChloehadbeenmicrochippedasa

puppy.TheyfoundtheIDnumber,thenRenaetookhernewChloetothevettobescanned.Sureenough,

shealsohadamicrochip.

"Thenumberswereamatch,"Renaesays.,'IfeltlikeΓdwonthelottery（彩票）.”

4.WhydidthefamilygetridofChloewhenRenaewasyoung?

A.Toescapefromnoises.B.Torehousetheseniordog.

C.ToguaranteeRenae,ssafety.D.Tohelpbuildthehumanesociety.

5.WhydidRenaewanttoadoptapuppy?

A.Togiveherdaughterpleasureofkeepingapet.

B.Tostrikeupafriendshipwithapet.

C.TosearchforherolddogChloe.

D.ToremindherselfofherChloe.

6.HowdidthefamilyconfirmRenae,snotion?

A.Withacarefulhealthcheck.

B.Bymatchingmicrochips.

C.Byputtingthedogtothetest.

D.Bylettingtheirfeelingsbetheirguide.

7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodobytellingthestory?

A.Thinkhighlyoflastingfriendship.

B.Appealtopeopletocareforanimals.

C.Shareastorywithathrillingending.

D.Showmanywrongdecisionsarehastilytaken.

C

Asweallknow,insectscanberemarkablyagile（靈活的）inflight.Thisisreallyhardtobuildintoflying

robots,butMITAssistantProfessorKevinYufengChenhasdevelopedaninsect-sizeddrone（無人機(jī)）

thatapproachesinsects'agility.

Typically,dronesrequirewideopenspaces."IfWelookatmostdronestoday,they'reusuallyquite

big,"saysChen."Mostoftheirapplicationsinvolveflyingoutdoors.Thequestionis:Canyoucreatean

insect-sizeddronethatcanmovearoundinverycrowdedandcomplexspaces?n

AccordingtoChen,heovercamemanyproblemswhenbuildingthedrone.Theinsect-sizeddrone

requiresafundamentallydifferentconstructionfromalargerone.Thelargedroneisusuallypoweredbya

motor,butthemotorlosesefficiencyasyoushrinkit.So,Chensays,"Foraninsect-sizeddrone,youneed

tolookforalternatives."Theprincipalalternativeuntilnowhasbeenemployingasmall,rigidactuator（執(zhí)

行器）builtfromnewmaterials.Chendesignedamoreagiletinydroneusingsoftactuatorsinsteadofhard

ones.

Eachactuatorcanbeatnearly500timespersecondandweighsjust0.6gram,approximatelythemass

ofalargebee.Itgivesthedroneinsect-likeagility."Youcanhititwhenit'sflying,anditcanrecover/'

saysChen."Itcanalsoturnoverintheair.πThedronelooksabitlikeatinycassettetapewithwings,

thoughChenisalsoworkingonanewoneshapedlikeadragonfly.

Chensayshisdronecanbeusefulinindustryandagriculture.Itcanperformmachineryinspectionsto

ensuresafetyandfunction.Itspotentialapplicationsincludecompletingsearch-and-rescuemissions

followingadisaster."Allthosethingscanbeverydifficultforexistinglarge-scaledrones,,,Chenexplains.

8.WhatcanweknowabouttheactuatordesignedbyChen?

A.Itweighsaboutsixgrams.

B.Itdrivestheinsect-sizeddrone.

C.Itlosesefficiencytoomuch.

D.Itemploysconventionalmaterials.

9.WhichwordcanbestdescribeChen,swork?

A.Easy.B.Costly.C.Fruitless.D.Challenging.

10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusaboutthenewdrone?

A.Itssafetystandards.B.Itsflyingrange.

C.Itspossibleapplications.D.Itsdesignprinciple.

11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AnInsect-IikeSmallDrone

B.TheFutureofInsect-sizedDrones

C.HowDronesWillChangetheAgriculture

D.WhatChallengeDroneDevelopmentFaces

D

Anyonecanbelateahandfuloftimes,buttobethepersonwhoisalwayslate-that,sanart,afrustrating

art.Or,asideeffectofyourpersonalitytraits,scientistshavefound.

Sowhatisitthatcausessomepeopletoconstantlymisstrains,makeittotheWeddingjustafterthe

bride,sshownupandregularlyannoytheirfriends?Andwhyisitsohardforustofixit?"Thereareall

sortsofpunishmentsforbeinglate,andtheDaradOXisthatwearelateevenwhenthosepunishmentsand

consequencesexist."saidJustinKruger,asocialpsychologistatNewYorkUniversity.

Oneofthecommonestreasonswhypeoplearefrequentlylateisthattheyfailtoaccuratelyjudgehow

longataskwilltake-somethingknownastheplanningfallaCy（謬誤）.Researchhasshownthatpeopleon

averageunderestimatethetimetocompleteataskbyasignificant40percent.

Anothertraitisthatforever-late-comersaremorelikelytobemultitaskers.Ina2003studyrunbyJeff

ContefromSanDiegoStateUniversityfoundthatoutof181subwayoperatorsinNewYorkCity,those

whopreferredmultitaskingweremoreoftenlatefortheirjob.Thisisbecausemultitaskingmakesitharder

tohavetheawarenessofwhatyou'redoing.Contealsodiscoveredthereisapersonalitytypethat'smore

likelytobelate.WhilehighlyStrUng（緊張不安），achievement-orientedTypeAindividualsaremore

possibletobepunctual.TypeBindividuals,however,whoaremoreIaid-back（漫不經(jīng)心），haveahigher

chancetobelate.

Admittedly,knowingallofthisdoesn'tnecessarilyhelpfixtheproblem.Butscientistsarestartingtowork

onstrategiesthatcanslowlyimproveourpunctuality.Forpeoplewhoconstantlyunderestimatetasks,

breakingdownanactivityintodetailedstepscanhelppeopleestimatehowlongsomethingwilltakemore

accurately.Asforyourpersonalitytype,unfortunately,thereisn'tmuchyoucandotochangethat.But

acceptingthatyouneedtostruggleforitmayjusthelp.Acceptance,afterall,isthefirststeptochange.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"paradox"meaninparagraph2?

A.Strategy.B.Argument.C.Solution.D.Puzzle.

13.Whatisapossiblefeatureoffbrever-late-comers?

A.Theyplantospendmoretimeonatask.

B.Theytacklemorethanonetaskatatime.

C.Theysufferfromconcentrationdifficulties.

D.Theyhavehighexpectationsforachievements.

14.Whichadvicecanbegiventopeoplewhoarealwayslate?

A.Learntoacceptwhoyouare.

B.Changeyourpersonalitytype.

C.Divideataskintosmallerones.

D.Keeptothetimetableaccurately.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Timemanagementcontributestosuccess.

B.Latecomersshouldbeseverelypunished.

C.One,salwaysbeinglateislinkedtopersonality.

D.Changingpersonalityhelpsimprovepunctuality.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehastyill-considereddecisions

thatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespokenwithoutthought.(16)Here

aresomewaysthatyoucancombatthecausesofanger.

(17)Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.

Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,

theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedinawaythatyoufoundunacceptable.

Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangιy.(18)Neitherwillthey

behaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.

Reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthat

usuallyangers.Angerisanegativereaction,butinthistypeofsituation,thereisnovalueinreactingby

formingpositivethoughts.(19)Thisway,yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedsto

survive.

Don'ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething,

orscreamwhenweareangιy.Youmightsayyoufeelbetterafteranangryoutburst,butthatisjustthe

after-effectoftheadrenalin(腎上腺素)yourbodyreleasedwhileyouwereangry.Areactionlikethatis

theeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandact

normally.(20)

A.Stoptryingtomanageyouranger.

B.Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?

C.Youneedtoleaι*nnottorespondatall.

D.That,however,iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.

E.Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.

F.Takingpositivestepswillhelpyouovercomefeelingsofanger.

G.Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共22.5分）

Devihadneverbeentoaswimminglessoninherlife.Butnowthathermotherhadfoundanewjobinthe

city,Devifacedanew21—schoolfieldtripstothelocalpool.

ThefirsttimeDeviwentwithherclasstothepool,shehadno22whatshewasinfor.

Devi23intothewaterandheldontothesideofthepool,expectingtobeabletotouch

the24withherfeet.ButwhenDevi25thesideofthepool,shesankunderthewater.Devi

soon26thecementledge（水泥平臺(tái)）topreventherselfdrowning.Then,seizedby27,she

justsatonabench,tooembarrassedtotryagain.

Whenshecamehome,hermother28rightawaythatDeviwasupset."Honey,?madeacall

tothelocalpool,andyoustartlessonsthisweekend.'*Devifelt29thatlessonswouldhelp,but

shehadto3031herfear.

3233,whenthetimecametotakeherfirstlesson,Deviwasevenmoreembarrassedthan

before.,,I'm13,andI,mtakinglessonswithalllittlekids!Thisis3435!u

Whenshewasstandingthere,her3637cameoverandsaid,nHi,Devi!ΓmAngela.You

knowwhat,Ididn'tlearntoswimuntilIwas20,andnowΓmaswimmingteacher!',

Angela'swordsputDevi3839.Shecouldn,thelpbutsmile,realizingthatshemightneverbea

fearlessswimmer,butshewouldsurehavefun4041.

21.A.platformB.opportunityC.challengeD.project

22.A.ideaB.hopeC.viewD.intention

23.A.divedB.sankC.leaptD.slipped

24.A.sideB.bottomC.surfaceD.edge

25.A.tookholdofB.letgoofC.gotridofD.caughtsightof

26.A.grabbedB.obtainedC.recalledD.fixed

27.A.puzzleB.delightC.horrorD.regret

28.A.imaginedB.concludedC.noticedD.wondered

29.A.contentB.gratefulC.curiousD.doubtful

30.A.hideB.overcomeC.supportD.convey

31.A.StillB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.Moreover

32.A.fantasticB.ridiculousC.tolerantD.accessible

33.A.parentB.friendC.partnerD.instructor

34.A.ateaseB.introubleC.atriskD.inneed

35.A.competingB.playingC.tryingD.winning

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.ThemathematicianPedaIed(踩踏板)awayfromthebunch,rightatthestart.TheAustrian

cyclist,AnnaKiesenhofer,wasn'tconsideredas⑴potentialwinnerinSunday'sOlympic

women,sroadrace.⑵(finish)intheTop25wouldhavebeenaniceresult,shesaidlater.

Surelythebignameswouldyank?)Kiesenhoferback,⑶(especial)whenKiesenhofer1S

earlybreakawaygroupstartedtofallapartandKiesenhoferfound⑷(she)alone.Still,shegave

allshehad.Thedream⑸(compete)intheracehadneverbeenforgottenamidherPh.D.studies.

Youmayhaveseenitbynow:theDutchracervanVleuten,crossingthefinishlinenexttothe

speedwaygrandstand,smiling,armsraised,underthe⑹(impress)thatshe,dwongold.Shedidn,t

knowthatKiesenhofer⑺(cross)italready.

Kiesenhoferhadbeenfirst,thoughshewasstillgettingused⑻whatitmeant.Afterthe

medalceremony,thenewOlympicchampion⑼(invite)toapressconferenceroomtospeakto

themedia.Whentheyopenedthedoor,KiesenhoferwalkedstraightpastthePOdiUm(講臺(tái))atthe

frontoftheroom,untilsomeonepointedherintherightdirection.

"Iwasabouttogototheback,oftheroom,"Kiesenhofersaid.

Themathematicianfinallywentuptothefront,(IO)she,dbeenallday,andbelonged.

⑴

⑵

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、任務(wù)型讀寫(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)

37.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文.

OnedayOfficerJacksonandStevewerediscussingaseriouscasewhentheywereinformedofa

disturbance(騷舌L)inthenearbysubway.So,theywalkedoutofthestationandgotintotheircar.

Thetwoofficershadexpectedthey,dhavetodealwithanannoyingbeggartroublingthe

passers-byformoney.Butwhentheyarrivedatthecrimescene,theywereshockedatthebeggar's

appearance.Themanhadtearsinhiseyesandwassittingonthesubwaystairs,lookinguntidyand

tired.

"Excuseme,sir,"OfficerJacksonsaid.nYoucan,tstayhere,norcanyoubotherthepeopleto

giveyoumoney.Youhavetoleavethisplace."

"Look,officers,"themansighed.πΓmsorry,?didn'tmeantocauseanytrouble,okay??lostmy

cane(拐杖),and?can'twalkwithoutit.IwantedafewcentssoIcouldgetmyselfsomethingtoeat.n

Thetwoofficersexchangedlooks,knowingthemanwasn,tadisturbancebutsomeonewho

reallyneededtheirhelp.Sotheypromisedtogethimfood,buyhimacane,anddrophimhome.

Afterdoingthat,theofficersdrovetothebeggar'shome,onlytodiscoverhehadnohomeatall.

Hewasjustwanderinginthestreetsandlivingofftheleftovershemanagedtofind.

ThepoormansaidhisnamewasEugene.Whenhewasworkingataskyscraperconstructionsite,

hewasinjuredandbecamedisabled,losinghisabilitytowalk.Unfortunately,hisdisabilityforbade

himfromdoingphysicallabor,andhewasn'twell-educatedtofindadeskjob,soheremainedjobless.

Becausehecouldn'tprovideforhisfamily,hiswifeandchildrenlefthim.nIdon'thaveanyhopesof

changingmydestiny(命運(yùn)),officers,"themansaid.

ButOfficerJacksonwantedEugenetochangehislife.',You,restillyoung,'*hesaid.

Youcan,tlosehopesosoon.Hebroughthimsomethingwarmtoeat,helpedhimtakeashower,

andgavehimhiswarmboots.Afterhiswork,OfficerJacksondroveEugenetoashelterforthe

homelessandleft.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Sincethatday,Eugenehadneverexpectedtomeetthetwoofficersagain.

Afewmonthslater,Eugenewasachangedman.

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

38.假定你是校英語報(bào)TalkingTeenS欄目的編輯李華，近日收到Terry的一封求助信。他在

信中訴說學(xué)習(xí)上遇到的困難并感到很焦慮。請(qǐng)你回信，內(nèi)容包括：

I.表示理解；

2.提出建議；

3.表達(dá)祝愿。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、B

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了國際青年志愿者組織的活動(dòng)參與方式和報(bào)名

要求。

1.根據(jù)第——段uVolunteeringforteensisaneducational,mind-openingandlife-enrichingtravel

experience.”（青少年志愿服務(wù)是一種教育性、開放性和豐富生活的旅行體驗(yàn)。）及uInternational

VolunteerHQspecializesinofferingsafeandaffordablevolunteeropportunitiesforhighschoolstudents

andteensinmorethan17destinationsaroundtheglobe√,（國際志愿者總部專門為全球17多個(gè)目的

地的高中生和青少年提供安全、負(fù)擔(dān)得起的志愿者機(jī)會(huì)。）可知，該項(xiàng)目是為青少年設(shè)計(jì)的活動(dòng)，

故選Co

2.根據(jù)Howtovolunteerasateenageroverseas:標(biāo)題下uOnceyouhavedecidedwheretovolunteer

andwhichprojectyouwouldliketojoin,youcanapplyonline.,,（一旦你決定了在哪里做志愿者以及

你想加入哪個(gè)項(xiàng)目，你就可以在線申請(qǐng)。）可知，通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)你可以申請(qǐng)做志愿者，故選A。

3.根據(jù)ThereareanumberofwaysyoucanvolunteerwithIVHQdependingonyourage:標(biāo)題下

第一段Under16:"Youmusthaveparental/guardianpermitandbeaccompaniedontheprogrambya

designatedguardianovertheageof18.,"（您必須持有父母/監(jiān)護(hù)人許可證，并由18歲以上的指定監(jiān)

護(hù)人陪同參加該項(xiàng)目。）可知，當(dāng)十四歲的女孩申請(qǐng)時(shí)需要有來自家長的許可證，故選B。

4~7?【答案】AsAxBsC

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了NiColeRenae不得已將寵物狗送走，多年

之后，意外重新遇見寵物狗的故事。

1.根據(jù)第二段"He'dbeworkingathome,andthehouseneededtobefreeofaudiblenoise.（他將在家工

作，房子需要沒有可聽見的噪音）”可知，蕾娜的父親需要在家工作，而家里需要沒有干擾他的聲

音，所以家人把克洛伊送走了，故選A。

2.根據(jù)第四段uRememberingthejoythathavingadoghadbroughtherasakid,Renaewantedher

daughtertoexperiencetheSame.（蕾娜回憶起小時(shí)候養(yǎng)狗給她帶來的快樂，她希望女兒也能經(jīng)歷同

樣的快樂）”可知，蕾娜希望女兒和自己一樣可以體驗(yàn)到養(yǎng)狗的快樂，所以想要領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一只小狗，故

選Ao

3.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Buthermomrealizedtherewasawaytotestthetheory:TheirChloehadbeen

microchippedasapuppy.TheyfoundtheIDnumber,thenRenaetookhernewChloetothevettobe

scanned.Sureenough,shealsohadamicrochip.（但她的媽媽意識(shí)到有一種方法可以檢驗(yàn)這一理論：

他們的克洛伊在小狗時(shí)就被植入了微芯片。他們找到了身份證明號(hào)碼，然后蕾娜帶著她的新克洛

伊去獸醫(yī)那里接受掃描。果不其然，她還有一個(gè)微芯片）”以及最后一段"Thenumberswerea

match,（這些數(shù)字是匹配的）”可知，蕾娜一家通過匹配植入狗體內(nèi)的微芯片來證實(shí)蕾娜的想法，故

選B0

4.根據(jù)第二段uFromtheverystart,thetwowereinseparable,"Shewasmybestfriend,"Renaesays.（從

一開始，蕾娜和克洛伊就就形影不離。“她是我最好的朋友，”蕾娜說）“、第三段"Withnoeasier

option,thefamilysentChloetoahumaneSoCiety.（沒有更容易的選擇，家人把克洛伊送到了動(dòng)物保護(hù)

協(xié)會(huì)）”以及最后一段"Thenumberswereamatch,（這些數(shù)字是匹配的）”可知，本文講述了Nicole

Renae不得己將寵物狗送走，多年之后，意外重新遇見寵物狗的故事，作者寫作的目的是分享一

個(gè)結(jié)局扣人心弦的故事，故選C。

8~1L【答案】BxDxCxA

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院助理教授Chen研發(fā)出一

款像昆蟲一樣的無人機(jī)。

1.根據(jù)第三段中“Thelargedroneisusuallypoweredbyamotor,butthemotorlosesefficiencyasyou

shrinkit.So,Chensays,"Foraninsect-sizeddrone,youneedtolookforalternatives."Theprincipal

alternativeuntilnowhasbeenemployingasmall,rigidactuator（執(zhí)行器）builtfromnewmaterials.Chen

designedamoreagiletinydroneusingsoftactuatorsinsteadofhardones.,,（大型無人機(jī)通常由電機(jī)

驅(qū)動(dòng)，但當(dāng)你縮小它時(shí)，電機(jī)就會(huì)失去效率。因此，Chen說：“對(duì)于昆蟲大小的無人機(jī)，你需要

尋找替代品?！钡侥壳盀橹?，主要的替代方案是使用一種由新材料制成的小型剛性執(zhí)行器。Chen

設(shè)計(jì)了一種更靈活的微型無人機(jī)，使用軟驅(qū)動(dòng)器而不是硬驅(qū)動(dòng)器。）可知，關(guān)于Chen設(shè)計(jì)的執(zhí)行

器，我們知道它驅(qū)動(dòng)昆蟲大小的無人機(jī)，故選B。

2.根據(jù)第三段中''AccOrdingtoChen,heovercamemanyproblemswhenbuildingthedrone.The

insect-sizeddronerequiresafundamentallydifferentconstructionfromalargerone.Thelargedroneis

usuallypoweredbyamotor,butthemotorlosesefficiencyasyoushrinkit.,,（據(jù)Chen說，他在制造

無人機(jī)時(shí)克服了許多問題。昆蟲大小的無人機(jī)與大型無人機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)完全不同。大型無人機(jī)通常由

電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)，但當(dāng)你縮小它時(shí)，電機(jī)就會(huì)失去效率。）可推斷，Chen的研發(fā)工作很有挑戰(zhàn)性，故選

Do

3.根據(jù)最后一段中“Chensayshisdronecanbeusefulinindustryandagriculture.Itcanperform

machineryinspectionstoensuresafetyandfunction.Itspotentialapplicationsincludecompleting

search-and-rescuemissionsfollowingadisaster.,"（Chen說他的無人機(jī)在工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)上都很有用。

它可以進(jìn)行機(jī)械檢查，以確保安全和功能。它的潛在應(yīng)用包括完成災(zāi)難后的搜索和救援任務(wù)。）

可知，最后一段主要介紹了“昆蟲無人機(jī)”的預(yù)期應(yīng)用情況，故選C。

4.通讀全文，尤其是第一段中"Thisisreallyhardtobuildintoflyingrobots,butMlTAssistant

ProfessorKevinYufengChenhasdevelopedaninsect-sizeddrone（無人機(jī)）thatapproachesinsects'

agility."（這真的很難植入飛行機(jī)器人中，但麻省理工學(xué)院助理教授KeVinYUfengChen己經(jīng)開發(fā)

出一種昆蟲大小的無人機(jī)，接近昆蟲的敏捷性。）可知，本文主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院助理教授

Chen研發(fā)出一款像昆蟲一樣的小型無人機(jī)。故文章最適合的標(biāo)題是“一種類似昆蟲的小型無人

機(jī)”，故選A。

12~15.【答案】D、BxCxC

【解析】【文章大意】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了遲到的原因可能能與性格特征相關(guān)，

并提出了一些相應(yīng)的策略

1.根據(jù)文章第二段劃線詞ParadoX前文的內(nèi)容"Thereareallsortsofpunishmentsforbeinglate（對(duì)于

遲到，有各種各樣的懲罰）”和后文的內(nèi)容“Wearelateevenwhenthosepunishmentsand

COnSeqUenCeSeXiSt.（即使存在懲罰和后果，我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)遲到）“可知，前文提出遲到了會(huì)有相應(yīng)的懲

罰，后文提出即使受到懲罰，但我們還是會(huì)遲到，故此處的劃線詞與D項(xiàng)“令人費(fèi)解的事、難題”

意思相近，遲到了會(huì)受到懲罰，令人費(fèi)解的就是即使有懲罰，我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)遲到，故選D。

2.根據(jù)文章第四段uAnothertraitisthatforever-late-comersaremorelikelytobemultitaskers.（永遠(yuǎn)遲

到的人的另一個(gè)特點(diǎn)可能是多重任務(wù)的）”可知，永遠(yuǎn)遲到的人的特點(diǎn)可能是一次要處理很多任務(wù),

是多重任務(wù)的，故選B。

3.根據(jù)文章最后一段"Butscientistsarestartingtoworkonstrategiesthatcanslowlyimproveour

punctuality.Forpeoplewhoconstantlyunderestimatetasks,breakingdownanactivityintodetailedsteps

canhelppeopleestimatehowlongsomethingwilltakemoreaccurately.（對(duì)于那些經(jīng)常低估任務(wù)的人來

說，將一項(xiàng)任務(wù)分解成詳細(xì)的步驟可以幫助人們準(zhǔn)確地估計(jì)這項(xiàng)任務(wù)花的時(shí)間。）”可知，對(duì)于那

些經(jīng)常遲到的人，他們可以將任務(wù)分解成一些小任務(wù)，從而更好的估計(jì)任務(wù)所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間，故選

Co

4.根據(jù)文章第一段**Anyonecanbelateahandfuloftimes,buttobethepersonwhoisalways

Iate―that,sanart,afrustratingart.Or,asideeffectofyourpersonalitytraits,scientistshavefound.（任何

人都可能遲到幾次，但要成為一個(gè)總是遲到的人，這是一門藝術(shù)，一門令人沮喪的藝術(shù)?；蛘?，

科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是你性格特征點(diǎn)副作用。）”以及后文對(duì)遲到人的特征的分析可知，本文主要介紹

遲到可能是與性格相關(guān)的，故選C。

16~20.【答案】B、E、G、C、D

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種可以幫助對(duì)抗憤怒的方法。

1.根據(jù)上文“Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehasty

ill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespoken

withoutthought憤怒是最具破壞性的情緒。當(dāng)你脾氣不好的時(shí)候，你會(huì)草率地做出你可能會(huì)后悔

的決定。你也會(huì)后悔不經(jīng)思考就說出魯莽的語言）”以及后文uHerearesomewaysthatyoucan

COmbattheCaUSeSofanger.（這里有一些方法可以幫助你克服憤怒的根源）”可知，空處應(yīng)是過渡句，

由生氣的壞處過渡到如何克服憤怒，所以B項(xiàng)“Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?（怎樣才能控制

憤怒呢?）”符合文意，故選B。

2.分析設(shè)空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，所以根據(jù)后文"Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthings

dogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthat

willmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedin

awaythatyoufoundUnaCCePtabIe.（你必須接受有時(shí)事情會(huì)出錯(cuò)，人們并不總是可愛的。試著接受別

人的行為方式會(huì)讓你既沮喪又生氣。通常，可能會(huì)有一個(gè)很好的理由來解釋為什么一個(gè)人的行為

讓你無法接受）”可知,本段主要講述了你需要改變你對(duì)世界運(yùn)作方式的態(tài)度,所以E項(xiàng)“Youneed

tochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldWOrkS.（你需要改變你對(duì)世界運(yùn)作方式的態(tài)度）”符合文意,

故選Eo

3.根據(jù)前文“Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.（意識(shí)到人無完人

是避免生氣的好開始）''以及后文“Neitherwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagiven

SitUatiOn.（他們的行為也不會(huì)和你在特定情況下的行為一樣）”可知，本段主要講述了，不要用自己

的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)去看待他人，所以G項(xiàng)uAlso,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsas

you.（此外，你需要接受并不是每個(gè)人都有和你一樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）”符合本段主題，故選G。

4.根據(jù)前文uReactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhen