高中英語(yǔ)高考沖刺語(yǔ)法專題6非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing（教師版）

高中英語(yǔ)高考沖刺語(yǔ)法專題6：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing【問(wèn)題查找】單句語(yǔ)法填空。1.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16yearoldSarahisnotspendinghalfterm________(rest).3.Inside,though,theplacewaspracticallyempty—therewasjustonecouple,________(sit)atatablenearthewindow.4.NowIamlookingforwardto________(visit)againChina!5.Noonecanignoretherichculture________(date)backtoancienttimeschangingintothemodernageataspeedandscalethathasneverbeenwitnessed.6.Ofcourse,________(enjoy)anicemealwithfriends,whateverweeat,canalsoimpactourspirits.Beingwithfriendsandfamilyplaysabigpartinexperiencinghappiness.7.Iliketravellingandmydreamof_____________(visit)Beijing,thecapitalcityofourcountry,cametrueduringtheNationalDayholidaysthisyear.8.Before____________(hear)hisanswer,shestartedtoreadhimalmosteverysinglegreetingcardoutlouduntiltheelderlymansmiled.9._____________(think)thathissolutionmightbewrong,Icarefullyanalyzedtheproblemandtriedtoworkitoutinadifferentway.10.Outsidethelibrary,Isawamandrivingaroundthesmallparkinglot,_____________(try)tofindaparkingspace.Keys:1.laying2.resting3.sitting4.visiting5.dating6.enjoying7.visiting8.hearing9.Thinking10.trying【要點(diǎn)精講】學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能識(shí)別謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法，掌握動(dòng)詞ing的定義、作用與基本結(jié)構(gòu)。2.學(xué)生能夠靈活運(yùn)動(dòng)詞ing在語(yǔ)法填空與書面表達(dá)。目標(biāo)分解：(1)辨析謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)的不同，了解非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類；(2)掌握動(dòng)詞ing的定義與作用；(3)掌握動(dòng)詞ing的結(jié)構(gòu)形式；(4)掌握動(dòng)詞ing在語(yǔ)法填空與短文填空中的考點(diǎn)應(yīng)用。教學(xué)過(guò)程：激發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、激發(fā)已有知識(shí)、解決問(wèn)題、內(nèi)化過(guò)程、總結(jié)優(yōu)化一、用合適的活動(dòng)激發(fā)學(xué)生動(dòng)機(jī)。（需要老師進(jìn)行個(gè)性化設(shè)計(jì)）外部動(dòng)機(jī)：選擇合適的方法激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)：好激發(fā)激發(fā)已有知識(shí)教師提問(wèn)：你知道什么是謂語(yǔ)，什么是非謂語(yǔ)嗎？原則一：在一個(gè)句子，一般一個(gè)主語(yǔ)應(yīng)配套一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，（并列謂語(yǔ)除外），如一個(gè)主語(yǔ)后跟了兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，就應(yīng)該有一個(gè)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，一個(gè)應(yīng)該是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，這種情況在我們漢語(yǔ)中叫做“連動(dòng)”如：我去書店買一些書，在此句中，只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)“我”，卻有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞“去”和“買”，那么“去”就應(yīng)該是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，“買”就應(yīng)該是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞例句：Iwenttothebookshoptobuysomebooks謂語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)Heenjoysplayingbasketball謂語(yǔ)非謂Isingandplaymyfavouritesongs并列謂語(yǔ)原則二：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞體現(xiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)，與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有關(guān)，非謂語(yǔ)與時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)關(guān)例句：Heenjoysreadingbookseveryday.謂語(yǔ)（現(xiàn)在時(shí)）非謂現(xiàn)在時(shí)標(biāo)志時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Heenjoyedreadingbookslastyear.謂語(yǔ)（過(guò)去時(shí)）非謂語(yǔ)過(guò)去時(shí)標(biāo)志時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞會(huì)受時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的影響，體現(xiàn)各種時(shí)態(tài)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的影響，與時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)關(guān)，與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)無(wú)關(guān)原則三：謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)的形式不同，謂語(yǔ)主要體現(xiàn)十六種基本時(shí)態(tài)（含被動(dòng)），而非謂只有三種固定形式（被動(dòng)和完成）todo,doing,done如Hefinishedreadingthenovels.過(guò)去時(shí)doingHehassomethingtobesent.現(xiàn)在時(shí)todo被動(dòng)Theywererebuildingthedamagedhouse.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)doneKatehadfoundthemissingboy.過(guò)去完成時(shí)doingHavingrealizedthesecret,hewasangry.Doing完成過(guò)去時(shí)鞏固訓(xùn)練：There______nobus,wehadtowalkhome.

There______nobusandwehadtowalkhome.

A.wasB.beingC.beD.tobe 答案:BA解題方法：先看選項(xiàng)，AC是謂語(yǔ)BD是非謂語(yǔ)第二個(gè)題目是并列句，所以前后是兩個(gè)句子，and之前的句子缺的就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又由had決定了是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以用was第一道題目，前后兩部分之間用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，所以不是并列句，所以前一部分是后一部分的狀語(yǔ)，也就不是句子，所以選非謂語(yǔ)，用being2．Thegirl______inaredcoatisMary.

Thegirlis______Marynow.

A.dressedB.dressingC.dressD.todress 答案:AB

解題方法：先看題目，第一道題目中有一個(gè)動(dòng)詞is,所以缺少的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該從ABD中選過(guò)去分詞詞bedressedin,所以選用dressed.第二道題目缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，前面有is算be應(yīng)該選dressing構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）解決學(xué)習(xí)問(wèn)題：目標(biāo)對(duì)應(yīng)的活動(dòng)（目標(biāo)的問(wèn)題化分解）：考點(diǎn)一了解非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類教師提問(wèn)：剛剛我們已經(jīng)回顧了如果區(qū)分謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)，那么，你知道非謂語(yǔ)包含哪些分類嗎？1、定義：在英語(yǔ)中，不作句子謂語(yǔ)，而具有除謂語(yǔ)外其他語(yǔ)法功能的動(dòng)詞，叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。2、分類：Reading

aloud

is

very

helpful.He

dropped

the

glass,

breaking

it

into

pieces.Mary

found

it

important

to

study

the

situation

in

Russia.The

window

is

broken.教師提問(wèn)：動(dòng)詞ing的包括現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞，什么是現(xiàn)在分詞，什么是動(dòng)名詞？它們的作用有什么不同？考點(diǎn)二動(dòng)詞ing的定義與作用定義：ing分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞形式一樣，都是由v+ing構(gòu)成，但是在句子中的作用不一樣，動(dòng)名詞是動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)形式的一種；動(dòng)名詞具有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特征；在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)；現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)。作用▲動(dòng)詞ing形式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)觀察下列從reading中選取的句子，注意分析Ving形式作的句子成分。Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.However,hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmahjong,swimmingandreading.Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.自我總結(jié)：1,4劃線部分作主語(yǔ);2,3劃線部分作賓語(yǔ);概述：動(dòng)詞ing形式具有名詞性質(zhì)，可在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。先讓學(xué)生觀察例句，再讓學(xué)生理解動(dòng)詞ing作主語(yǔ)的用法。一、動(dòng)詞ing形式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)時(shí)也稱作為動(dòng)名詞。動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)往往表示經(jīng)常性的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或表示抽象的概念，通常直接置于句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。動(dòng)名詞在句中有兩種位置，一種位于句首，另一種是用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)移至句末。例：Stayingupisnotagoodhabit.熬夜不是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。ReadingaloudisagoodwayinlearningEnglish.大聲朗讀是一種好的學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的方法。常用ing形式作主語(yǔ)的常考句型:

It+be+awasteoftimedoing...做……是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing...做……是無(wú)益/用的Itisworthdoing...做...值得的例：ItisawasteoftimetryingtoarguewithSherlock.和夏洛克爭(zhēng)辯是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的。Isitanygoodtryingtoexplain?努力解釋有任何好處嗎?ItisworthreadingthebookHarryPotter.《哈利波特》這本書值得一讀。先讓學(xué)生觀察例句，再讓學(xué)生理解動(dòng)詞ing作賓語(yǔ)的用法。二、動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞可以作某些動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如:Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?請(qǐng)把你的收音機(jī)音量調(diào)小一點(diǎn)兒,好嗎?Icrossedthestreettoavoidmeetinghim.我橫穿街道以便避開(kāi)他?！R(shí)補(bǔ)充：習(xí)慣上接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞:admit承認(rèn)advise建議stand忍受permit允許 forbid禁止 appreciate感激avoid避免consider考慮delay推遲deny否認(rèn) enjoy喜歡 escape逃脫excuse原諒 finish完成forgive原諒imagine設(shè)想;想象 keep保持 mind介意miss錯(cuò)過(guò)practice練習(xí)risk冒險(xiǎn)suggest建議resist抵制 dislike不喜歡fancy設(shè)想;想象2.接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ):putoff推遲 insiston堅(jiān)持 feellike想要 depend/relyon依靠objectto反對(duì) leadto導(dǎo)致 succeedin成功做…… beworth值得devote...to...獻(xiàn)身于……lookforwardto期盼owingto歸因于giveup放棄payattentionto注意stickto堅(jiān)持contribute...to致力于applyoneselfto致力于getdownto開(kāi)始認(rèn)真干……be/getusedto習(xí)慣于befondof喜歡begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于what/howabout...……怎么樣bebusy(in)doing忙于can’thelpdoing禁不住;忍不住spend...(in)doingsth花費(fèi)……做某事havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing做……有困難下列動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后跟動(dòng)詞ing和不定式都可以，但意義不同。動(dòng)詞接動(dòng)詞ing作賓語(yǔ)接不定式作賓語(yǔ)remember記得曾做過(guò)某事記得要做某事forget忘記曾做過(guò)某事忘記要做某事try嘗試做某事努力做某事regret對(duì)做過(guò)的事表示后悔對(duì)要做的事表示遺憾mean意味著做某事企圖(打算)做某事can'thelp禁不住做某事不能幫助做某事goon繼續(xù)做未完成的事做完一件事后，接著做另一件事stop中斷正在做的事中斷正在做的事，去做別的事attempt,begin,start,prefer,intend等后接動(dòng)詞ing或不定式作賓語(yǔ)均可,意義沒(méi)有區(qū)別?！纠}分析】Ican’tstand(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.working〖解析〗standdoingsth.容忍做某事；句意為：我不能容忍跟珍妮在一個(gè)辦公室工作,她工作時(shí)總是喋喋不休。It

is

widely

believed

that(form)

a

good

habit

will

benefit

us

all

our

lives.formingAboveall,Ihaveetounderstandthat___________(bring)happinesstoothersisgettingourselveshappiness.分析：bringing句意：首先，我開(kāi)始明白了授人玫瑰手有余香的道理。在賓語(yǔ)從句中設(shè)空處作主語(yǔ)，且表示抽象概念，故用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。Isthereanythingworth(buy)?

buying▲動(dòng)詞ing形式作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)觀察下列從reading中選取的句子，注意分析Ving形式作的句子成分。Noonewaseverboredwatchinghimhissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertaining.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter,thelittletramp,becameknownthroughouttheworld.Theactingissoconvincingthatitmakesmakesyoubelievethatitisoneofthebestmealshehasevertasted.自我總結(jié)：劃線部分分別作定語(yǔ);定語(yǔ);表語(yǔ);Ving形式作定語(yǔ)Ving形式包括現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞，他們的形式相同，都可作定語(yǔ)，但連著還是有以下區(qū)別的?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它和被修飾的詞之間有一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即被修飾的詞執(zhí)行現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的的這個(gè)動(dòng)作，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：awaitingman=amanwhoiswaitingasleepingchild=achildwhoissleeping動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)，與被修飾詞之間沒(méi)有這種關(guān)系，它僅表示一種用途，意為“作...用”。如：aswimmingpool；thereadingroom；asleepingcar=acarforsleeping（臥鋪車廂）（3）體驗(yàn)：Ving是作動(dòng)名詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞？Wemustimproveourworkingmethod.(動(dòng)名詞)我們必須改進(jìn)工作方法。Theysetupanoperatingtableinasmalltemple.(動(dòng)名詞)他們將手術(shù)臺(tái)設(shè)在一座小廟里。Chinaisadevelopingcountry.(現(xiàn)在分詞)中國(guó)是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。Thestudentmakingtheexperimentisourmonitor.(現(xiàn)在分詞)正在做實(shí)驗(yàn)的那個(gè)學(xué)生是我們的班長(zhǎng)。（4）注意：現(xiàn)在分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)都可作定語(yǔ)，單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞一般作前置定語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)則作后置定語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。1、developingcountry單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞一般作前置定語(yǔ)；特殊情況：修飾不定代詞時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞放在其后————somethingdeveloping2、themanvisitingJapan=themanwhoisvisitingJapan現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)則作后置定語(yǔ)；Ving形式作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表示一般性，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。HisjobisteachingEnglish.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，可以把主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)交換。Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.Seeingisbelieving.（眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)）（3）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，特征，此時(shí)主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)不可以交換位置。常用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞有astonishing,amusing,confusing,disappointing,boring,encouraging,inspiring,moving,tiring,interesting,surprising等。Themusicissoexciting.Thebookissointeresting.Ving形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞不作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主要用在某些動(dòng)詞如see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,get,have,feel等后，與一個(gè)名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。這時(shí)句子的賓語(yǔ)和Ving之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，并且Ving表示賓語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Isawhimopeningthewindow.Ving形式和不定式（todo）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而不定式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程結(jié)束了。對(duì)比：Isawhimopeningthewindow.Isawhimopenthewindow.注意：在see，hear，watch，feel等感官動(dòng)詞后，跟省略了to的不定式做賓補(bǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，應(yīng)加上“to”。試一下把“Isawhimopenthewindow.”改被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hewasseentoopenthewindow(byme).【例題分析】1.Aliensaidthathistripwas___________(interest).interesting2.It'snouse__________(argue)withhim.Youmightaswell________(argue)withastonewall.arguing,argue3.Theoldman's_________(take)pityonthesnakeledtohisowndeath.takingItis________(shock)thatsomeinvestmentbanksevenjudgecandidatesbywhethertheywearbrownshoes.shockingWithsomanypeople________(look)athim,hefeltverynervous.looking▲動(dòng)詞ing形式作狀語(yǔ)一、Ving形式作狀語(yǔ)的句法功能(1)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)Hearingtheknockonthedoor,theystoppedtalking.=Whentheyheardtheknockonthedoor,theystoppedtalking.聽(tīng)到有人在敲門,他們停止了談話。作原因狀語(yǔ)(相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句)Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.=Ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.因?yàn)樯×?昨天他沒(méi)去上學(xué)。作伴隨狀語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞ing形式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,相當(dāng)于并列謂語(yǔ))Theystoodthere,waitingforthebus.=Theystoodthereandwaitedforthebus.他們站在那兒等公共汽車。(4)作方式狀語(yǔ)(相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句)Hediedagloriousdeath,fightingtheenemyforthepeople.=Hediedagloriousdeath,andhefoughttheenemyforthepeople.他為了群眾同敵人搏斗,光榮犧牲了。(5)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Herhusbanddiedlastyear,leavingherwiththreechildren.她的丈夫去年去世了,撇下她和三個(gè)孩子。二、使用動(dòng)詞ing作狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題(1)動(dòng)詞ing作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要與句子主語(yǔ)保持一致，否則，要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。Ridingahorseordrivingacar,youshouldlearntocontrolit.無(wú)論是騎馬還是駕車，你都應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)控制它。Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhead我等汽車時(shí)，一只鳥(niǎo)落到我頭上。獨(dú)立成分作狀語(yǔ)有些分詞短語(yǔ)，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分。常見(jiàn)的有：generallyspeaking總的來(lái)說(shuō)；judgingfrom/by根據(jù)……判斷；speakingof說(shuō)到……；talkingof談到……；franklyspeaking坦率地說(shuō)；allowingfor考慮到。①Judgingbyhisface,hewasangry．從他的臉色上看，他很生氣。②Theprojectwilltakeabout8months,allowingfordelayscausedbytherainyseason.考慮到雨季的耽誤，這項(xiàng)工程大約需要8個(gè)月。③Franklyspeaking，thecarisnotworthbuying.坦率地說(shuō)，這部車不值得買。注意：這時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)與其無(wú)任何語(yǔ)法關(guān)系?！纠}分析】Ilikestayinguplate________(watch)TV,surfingtheInternetordoingsomethingI'mfondof.分析：watching邏輯主語(yǔ)I與watch之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示伴隨狀態(tài)，故填現(xiàn)在分詞watching。MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,________(make)itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.making________(see)thepolice,thethievesranaway.Seeing教師提問(wèn)：動(dòng)詞ing的結(jié)構(gòu)形式只有Ving嗎？有沒(méi)有別的形式？觀察所給例句，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)各動(dòng)詞ing結(jié)構(gòu)的形式表達(dá)?？键c(diǎn)三、動(dòng)詞ing的結(jié)構(gòu)形式；語(yǔ)態(tài)形式主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1、動(dòng)詞ing形式的一般式(doing),可以表示沒(méi)有時(shí)間先后順序的動(dòng)作；Iwishyouwouldquitplaining.我希望你不再抱怨。(一般性動(dòng)作)Chattingwitheachother,weenjoyedourdinner.我們邊吃邊聊。(與謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)發(fā)生)2、動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式(havingdone),表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。Havingfinishedwork,shegotreadytogoshopping.完成工作后，她準(zhǔn)備去購(gòu)物。Havingbeenillfortwoweeks,shefeltratherweak.由于病了兩周，她感到身體很虛弱。3、動(dòng)詞ing形式的否定式：not+動(dòng)詞ingNotknowingthis,hedidn’te.他不知道這件事，所以沒(méi)來(lái)。Nothavingmadefullpreparations,weputoffthesportsmeeting.因?yàn)闆](méi)有做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，我們把運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)延期了?！静槁┭a(bǔ)缺】單句語(yǔ)法填空。1.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.2.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,__________(allow)morepatientstobetreated.3.ManyChinesebrands,__________(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by

(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.IhadasmuchfunsailingtheseasasInowdo________(work)withstudents.6.NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertothechildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidence____________(suggest)thatthetrendisgrowing.7._______________(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.8.Newly－builtwoodencottageslinethestreet,____________(turn)theoldtownintoadreamland.9.Thinkaboutthehumanbodyasan_____________(amaze)machine.10.Somedayyoumaybeeitheraspeakeroralistenerinasituation_____________(involve)peoplefromothercountries.11.Itisinthecoldestpartofwinter,withthewind_____________(howl)outside.12._____________(Judge)fromthename,itiseasytoguessthatplayerscanonlyjoiniftheyarefat.13.What'sworse,hiswifeabandonedhim,_____________(leave)himalonewithhissixyearoldyoungerson.Keys:1.ranging2.allowing3.havingdeveloped4.eating5.working6.suggesting7.Havingbeenordered8.turning9.amazing10.involving11.howling12.Judging13.leaving【梳理優(yōu)化】一、?？碱}型：1.語(yǔ)法填空題2.書面表達(dá)二、解題技巧語(yǔ)法填空題中動(dòng)詞ing的解題技巧判定是否用動(dòng)詞ing。方法：看看句子的成分是否用非謂語(yǔ)。找動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。方法：動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)一般是句子的主語(yǔ)或是動(dòng)詞修飾的名詞。判斷主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。方法：動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。用法：充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)以外的一切成分。解題步驟：第一步：辨別“謂與非謂”第二步：找非謂語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)第三步：判斷語(yǔ)態(tài)第四步：分析時(shí)態(tài)根本特征：現(xiàn)在分詞在時(shí)態(tài)上強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，在語(yǔ)態(tài)上側(cè)重于主動(dòng)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)意義動(dòng)詞ing一般式doingbeingdone其表示的動(dòng)作與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式havingdonehavingbeendone其表示的動(dòng)作先于句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生【強(qiáng)化鞏固】用適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語(yǔ)形式填空BuyingbooksontheInternetisagreatway1.________(save)timeandmoney.Onlinebookstoresoffernewbooksand2.________(use)booksthatcansaveyoualotofmoney.What'smore,theyarefarbetter3.___________(pare)totraditionalbookstoresastheyoffermuchbroaderkindsofbooks.Youcaneitherclickthekindofebookonlineortypethebooktitleandgetitinseconds.Anotheradvantageof4.__________(shop)onlineisthatyoucanalsoreadthebookreviewsaswellasreaders'reviewstogetanideawhetherthebookisworth5.________(buy).Onlinebookstoresoffergreatdiscounts,whichisabigattractionforbooklovers.Forbooklovers,itismostimportant6.________(get)booksintime.Therefore,youneedtofindareliableonlinebookstorethatwillbeable7.___________(provide)fastdeliveries.Herearesometipstousewhen8.________(select)anonlinebookstore.Someonlinebookstoresarepopularforfictionbooks;somearefornonfictionbooksornovels,etc...9.____________(understand)theirspecializationwillhelpyougettherightkindsofbooksintime.Checkwhetheryouwillbebuyingthebooksfromathirdpartysellerordirectlyfromthewebsites.Neverjumpatstoresthatoffercheapprices,asbooks10.________(sell)atsuchlowpricescouldbeinverybadcondition.Keys:1.tosave2.used3.pared4.shopping5.buying6.toget7.toprovide8.selecting9.understanding10.sold【課后練習(xí)】一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1._____________(be)theremanytimes,sheknowstheplacequitewell.2.________________(expose)tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoyourskin.3.AsfarasIamconcerned,hissuggestionisworth____________(consider).4.________(see)fromthispoint,wefindnoeasysolutiontotheproblem.5.Attheendof2015,Chinahadapopulationof1.37billionpeople,atotalof800millionofthem______(be)employed.6.Thebuilding___________(build)nowwillbeaFrenchstylerestaurant.7.Thereisa____________(grow)tendencynowadaysforsomepeopletotreatanimalsaslivingmeatandwalkingfur.8.Keep________(hold)yourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrengthandflexibility.9.Thereweremanypeople________(wait)atthebusstop，andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed.10.Youcanmakemorefriendsfromdifferentpartsofthecountryby____________(serve)themwhenworkingthere.Keys:1.Havingbeen2.Exposing3.considering4.Seeing5.being6.beingbuilt7.growing8.holding9.waiting10.serving二、語(yǔ)法填空AccordingtoChinesespeakingpractice,lionisaspecialanimaltoChinesepeople.Apairofstonelions,amale1.____________afemale,are2.____________(mon)seeninfrontofthegatesoftraditionalbuilding.Thelion3.____________(regard)asthekingintheanimalworld,so4.____________(it)imagesrepresentpowerandprestige.Thestonelionsarealsousedtoindicatetheranksofofficials.ItisinterestingtonotethatChinahadnolionsoriginally.Theearlieststonelionsweresculpted5.____________thebeginningoftheEasternHanDynastyfromA.D.25to220with6.____________introductionofBuddhism(佛教)intoancientChina.IntheBuddhistfaith,thelion,7.____________canprotectthetruthandkeepoffevils,isconsideredadivineanimalofnoblenessanddignity.InChinesefolktales,thelionhasbeeasymbolof8.____________(brave),powerandgoodluck.Itwasalsopopulartodecoratebridgeswithstonesculptedlionsforthedefendingreason.The9.____________(well)knownofbridgesistheLugouqiao,10.____________(build)from1189to1192.Keys:1.and2.monly3.isregarded4.its5.at6.the7.which8.bravery9.best10.built三、閱讀理解WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheeverincreasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(遷徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,lowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstoe.Since1934betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.28.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands. B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers. D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire. B.Export.C.Destroy. D.Distribute.30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A.Thestamppricehasgonedown. B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting. D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheFederalDuckStampStory B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystemC.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHuntingKeys:1.A2.C3.D4.A說(shuō)明文。本文講述了美國(guó)鴨票的故事，由于美國(guó)移民的大量流入，對(duì)于農(nóng)地和住房的急需大量的水禽棲息地被破壞導(dǎo)致美國(guó)水禽驟減，因此美國(guó)發(fā)行了鴨票，狩獵者只有購(gòu)買了鴨票才能狩獵，而鴨票的部分收入進(jìn)入到了用于購(gòu)買水禽棲息地的基金，從而保護(hù)了水禽。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheeverincreasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.”可知，上百萬(wàn)公頃的濕地被抽干用作農(nóng)地或者修建住房，極大地減少了水禽的棲息地，故可知，棲息地的減少導(dǎo)致了水禽數(shù)量的下降，故選A。2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前一句“NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.”可知，北美的土著人把這些珍貴的自然資源保護(hù)的很合理，本句中的“Unfortunately”可知，本句與上一句形成了轉(zhuǎn)折，前一句陳述北美土著人做的好的地方，故可知，本句闡述移民者做的不好的地方，即移民者破壞了這些自然資源，故畫線詞意思是“破壞”。A.Acquire獲得；B.Export出口；C.Destroy破壞；D.Distribute分配。故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.”可知，自1934年起，超過(guò)5億美元進(jìn)入到了這個(gè)基金會(huì)，購(gòu)買了超過(guò)500萬(wàn)公頃的水禽棲息地，故可以推出，通過(guò)發(fā)行鴨票，美國(guó)政府獲得了大量的資金，故選D。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，由于之前不恰當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)展導(dǎo)致美國(guó)水禽驟減，因此美國(guó)發(fā)行了鴨票，狩獵者只有購(gòu)買了鴨票才能狩獵，而鴨票的部分收入進(jìn)入到了用于購(gòu)買水禽棲息地的基金，從而保護(hù)了水禽