專(zhuān)八人文知識(shí)(練習(xí)題)

專(zhuān)八人文知識(shí)（練習(xí)題）篇一：★英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)八人文知識(shí)題與答案英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)人文知識(shí)試題(1)美國(guó)概況練習(xí)題：TOC\o"1-5"\h\zThetraditionaldividinglineinAmericabetween“east”and“west”is .TheearliestpartinAmericatobefoundandtakenoverbyearlysettlersis .ThelargestracialgroupinthewholepopulationofU.S.Ais .Before2000,thelargestminoritygroupintheUnitedStatesis .hastheworld’soldestwrittenconstitutionandpoliticalparty.6.Theeconomicproblemcausedbythedepressionin1929waseventuallysolvedby .years.institutions.ThethreemainlevelsofcourtsofthefederaljudicialsysteminAmericaare . (whichstate)isnotgovernedbythemonlaw.練習(xí)題答案及題解:TheMississippiRiver,密西西比河是美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的東方和西方的分界線。TheAtlanticandGulfCoastalPlain,最早被早期定居者發(fā)現(xiàn)和占領(lǐng)的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。Non-Hispanicswhite，非西班牙裔的白人是美國(guó)最大的種族群體。AfricanAmericans，2000年以前非裔美國(guó)人是美國(guó)最大的少數(shù)民族群體。2000年以后，拉丁裔美國(guó)人的人數(shù)超過(guò)了非裔美國(guó)人的人數(shù)，成為美國(guó)第一大少數(shù)民族群體。America，美國(guó)擁有世界上最古老的憲法和政黨。WorldWarII，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)幫助美國(guó)走出了經(jīng)濟(jì)困境。Sixyears，美國(guó)的小學(xué)要花費(fèi)大約六年的時(shí)間。Public，大部分美國(guó)大學(xué)生都在公立學(xué)校就讀。美國(guó)的聯(lián)邦法院系統(tǒng)包括：theUnitedStatesDistrictCourts;theUnitedStatesCourtsofAppeal;theUnitedStatesSupremeCourt..Louisiana，路易斯安娜州不受共同法的約束。英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)人文知識(shí)(2)美國(guó)概況練習(xí)題：OfthefiftystatesofAmerica, statesnowhavethedeathpenaltyaspunishment.ThefourmajorregionsoftheUnitedSatesare . region’sculturecharacterwasshapedlargelybyPuritanspirit. isthelargeststateintermsofsizeandpopulationinAmerica.＂Hollywood＂isoftenusedasasynonymfor .ThemostimportantandlargestriverintheUnitedStatesofAmericais .Thenorth-easternpartoftheUnitedStates NewEnglandenjoysaclimate.TothewestofmainlandAmericanliesthe Ocean.Detroit,aU.S.cityborderingLakeErie,isfamousforits .ThenativesofthecontinentoftheAmericaarethe .練習(xí)題答案及題解:1．38,美國(guó)現(xiàn)有38個(gè)州懲罰罪犯采用死刑。2．Northeast,South,MidwestandWest,美國(guó)的主要四大部分不包括北部。TheNewEnglandRegion,美國(guó)的新英格蘭地區(qū)，也就是東北部地區(qū)深受清教思想的影響。California,加利福尼亞州是美國(guó)最大的州，擁有人口也最多。American“1川$,好萊塢是美國(guó)著名的電影制造地。theMississippiRiver,美國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流是密西西比河，也是美國(guó)最重要的一條河流。被美國(guó)人視為“眾河之父”，沿河流域也是美國(guó)的主要農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)區(qū)。typicalcontinental,美國(guó)東北部的新英格蘭地區(qū)是典型的大陸性氣候。冬天寒冷，夏天炎熱。PacificOcean,美國(guó)東臨大西洋,西瀕太平洋,北接加拿大,南靠墨西哥及墨西哥灣。automobileindustry,底特律是美國(guó)著名的汽車(chē)城。ndians,美國(guó)的本土居民是當(dāng)?shù)氐挠〉诎踩?。英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)人文知識(shí)(3)美國(guó)概況練習(xí)題：isthelargestcityandthechiefportoftheUnitedStates.A.WashingtonD.CB.LosAngelesC.SanFranciscoD.NewYorkCity enjoystheworstsocialandeconomicconditions.A．BlacksB．HispanicsC．IndiansD．AsianAmericans3．WashingtonD.C.isnamedafter .A．theU.S.PresidentGeorgeWashingtonB．ChristopherColumbusC．bothGeorgeWashingtonandChristopherColumbusD．noneofthem．AmericanandBritishEnglisharetwo oftheEnglishlanguage.A．varietiesB．elementsC．partsD．formTOC\o"1-5"\h\zThefirstAmericanpresidenttobeelectedfromtheRepublicanPartywas .A．ThomasJeffersonB．JamesMooeC．JamesMadisonD．AbrahamLincoln6．Ofthefiftystates,thesmalleststateinareais .A．RhodeIslandB．VirginiaC．TexasD．MontanaThenationalflagoftheUnitedStatesisknownas .A．theStar-SpangledBannerB．UncleSamC．HotDogD．UnionJackThenumberoftheRepresentativesfromeachAmericanstatedependsonthe .A．contributionastatehasmadetothenationB．populationC．sizeD．noneoftheabove9．Theterm“FatherofWaters”isusedtorefertoA．theAmazonRiverB．theMississippiRiverC．theNileRiverD．theHudsonRiverThestatueoflibertywasgiventoAmericanpeopleby asagiftin1884.A．FranceB．SpainC．ItalyD．Britain練習(xí)題答案及題解:1．D,紐約是美國(guó)最大的城市同時(shí)也是最重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心和最主要的港口。2．A,黑人在美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)地位都最為低下。3．C,首都命名為華盛頓是為了紀(jì)念美國(guó)的第一任總統(tǒng)喬治?華盛頓，而聯(lián)邦直轄區(qū)命名為哥倫比亞特區(qū)是為了紀(jì)念第一位從歐洲橫渡大西洋到達(dá)西半球的探險(xiǎn)家克里斯多拂?哥倫布。A,美國(guó)英語(yǔ)和英國(guó)英語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的兩種變體。D,美國(guó)歷史上的第一位共和黨總統(tǒng)是亞伯拉罕?林肯。A,美國(guó)國(guó)土面積最小的是羅得島。．A,美國(guó)的國(guó)旗是星條旗。B,美國(guó)每個(gè)州派往眾議院的代表人數(shù)應(yīng)與本州人口成比例。．B,美國(guó)的“眾河之父”指的是密西西比河。A,美國(guó)的自由女神像是法國(guó)人贈(zèng)予的禮物。英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)人文知識(shí)(4)英國(guó)概況練習(xí)題：BritainwasthefirstcountrytobeindustrializedbecauseofthefollowingfactorsexceptBritainwaswellplacedgeographicallytoparticipateinEuropeanandworldtrade.Britainhadmanyrivers,whichwereusefulfortransport.Britishengineershadsoundtrainingandtheinventorswererespected.Britishgovernmentwasincreasinglyinterestedinoverseasandcoloniesafterthe17thcentury.TheUnitedKingdomisaconstitutionalmonarchy.The hasverylittlepower.A.queenB.monarchC.primeministerD.kingWhichpartyhasalwayshadstronglinkswiththetradeunionsandreceivedfinancialsupportfromthem?A.theLaborPartyB.theConservativePartyC.theLiberalPartyD.theSocialDemocraticPartyOnaccepting ,theageofconstitutionalmonarchy,ofamonarchywithpowerslimitedbyParliament,began.A.ConstitutionalLawB.TheDeclarationofIndependenceC.CivilLawD.BillofRightsFemaleswereallowedtovoteinnationalelectionsuntil .A.1918B.1916C.1920D.1896TheBritishNorthAmericaActof1867established asadomain.A.AustraliaB.CanadaC.NewZealandD.IndiaDuringWorldWarII,asawarleader, receivedmassivepopularsupportandledhiscountrytofinalvictoryin1945.A.HaroldWilsonB.EdwardHeathC.FranklinRooseveltD.WinstonChurchillTheFalklandIslandswarwasbetweenBritainandA.FranceB.NewZealandC.ArgentinaD.Australia9.InBritain,a isheldwhenaMemberofParliamentdies,retiresorresigns.A.civicelectionB.by-electionC.popularelectionD.generalelectionIntheUnitedKingdom,ministersareappointedbytheQueenontheremendationof .A.theLordChancellorB.theMonarchC.thePrimeMinisterD.theKing練習(xí)題答案及題解:D,英國(guó)之所以能成為世界上最早開(kāi)始工業(yè)化的國(guó)家,原因有很多。但英國(guó)是從17世紀(jì)以后逐步開(kāi)始對(duì)海外貿(mào)易和開(kāi)拓海外殖民地產(chǎn)生濃厚興趣的。B,英國(guó)是君主立憲制國(guó)家，國(guó)王或女王（君主）幾乎沒(méi)什么實(shí)質(zhì)性的權(quán)力。A,保守黨和自由黨是英國(guó)最早成立的兩個(gè)黨派。大致來(lái)說(shuō)，保守黨是中上層階級(jí)的黨，它得到大公司財(cái)政上的支持；而工黨，主要得到工會(huì)的支持，它的支持者主要是中產(chǎn)階級(jí)和知識(shí)分子。D,《權(quán)利法案》的簽署，標(biāo)志著英國(guó)進(jìn)入了君主立憲制時(shí)代，一個(gè)君主幾乎沒(méi)有什么實(shí)質(zhì)性權(quán)力并受制于議會(huì)的時(shí)代。A,直到1918年婦女才在全國(guó)大選中享有選舉權(quán)。B,《1867年英國(guó)北美法案》將加拿大納為它的自治領(lǐng)。D,在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，當(dāng)時(shí)的英國(guó)首相丘吉爾作為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)統(tǒng)帥受到了英國(guó)人民的廣泛擁戴，并帶領(lǐng)英國(guó)人民贏得了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的最后勝利。C,?？颂m群島戰(zhàn)役是發(fā)生在英國(guó)和阿根廷這兩個(gè)國(guó)家之間。位于大西洋南部的?？颂m群島從1892年起就是英國(guó)的海外殖民地，1982年阿根廷開(kāi)始控制這些島嶼，但是英國(guó)最終打敗了阿根廷，并重新占領(lǐng)了這些島嶼。B,英國(guó)的下院議會(huì)成員中有人去世、退休或辭職時(shí)，就要進(jìn)行補(bǔ)缺選舉。C,在英國(guó)，部長(zhǎng)們是由首相推薦，女王加以任命的。英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)人文知識(shí)（5）英國(guó)概況練習(xí)題：HowmanymembersarethereintheHouseofmons?A.650B.524C.72D.651Whodidn’tusetobetheBritishPrimeMinister?A.MargaretThatcherB.WinstonChurchillC.HoratioNelsonD.JohnMajorBytradition,theleaderofthemajoritypartyisappointed bytheSovereignintheUnitedKingdom.A.PrimeMinisterB.MemberofParliamentC.LordofappealD.SpeakeroftheHouseTheToriesweretheforerunnersof ,whichstillbearsthisnicknametoday.A.theLabourPartyB.theConservativePartyC.theLiberalPartyD.theSocialDemocraticPartyIntheUnitedKingdom,thepartywhichwinsthe numberofseatsintheHouseofmonsbeestheofficialOpposition.A.largestB.secondlargestC.thirdlargestD.fourthlargestTheterm“Britishdisease”isnowoftenusedtocharacterizeBritain’s decline.A.politicalB.educationalC.militaryD.economicThe1980swasrememberedasthedecadeof .A.globalizationB.nationalizationC.privatizationD.petitionToday,inBritain, iscalleda“sick”industry.A.coalminingB.ironandsteelC.textilesD.shipbuildingThefirststeamenginewasdevisedbyThomasNewerattheendofthe17thcentury,andtheScottishinventor modifiedandimprovedthedesignin1765.A.AbrahamDarbyB.JamesWattC.JohnKayD.RichardArkwrightthe createdtheindustrialworkingclass,theproletariat,anditlaterledtotradeunionism.A.TheChartistMovementB.TheIndustrialRevolutionTheFrenchRevolutionTheGloriousRevolution練習(xí)題答案及題解:D,下議院共有651名議員。C,撒切爾夫人，丘吉爾和梅杰都曾經(jīng)做過(guò)英國(guó)首相；而納爾遜(1758-1805)，英國(guó)海軍統(tǒng)帥，因作戰(zhàn)負(fù)傷，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海艦隊(duì)司令，在特法爾加角海戰(zhàn)中大敗西班牙聯(lián)合艦隊(duì)，本人受重傷陣亡，號(hào)稱(chēng)ViscountNelson。A,在英國(guó)，按照傳統(tǒng)，多數(shù)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人由君主任命為首相，首相從本黨內(nèi)部挑選一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人擔(dān)任各部部長(zhǎng)職位。B,托利黨是英國(guó)保守黨的前身。B,在英國(guó)，在下議院中贏得第二席位的政黨為反對(duì)黨，它也有它自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和影子內(nèi)閣(shadowcabi)。D,現(xiàn)在“英國(guó)病”這一術(shù)語(yǔ)經(jīng)常用來(lái)指英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)上的衰退。C,正如20世紀(jì)40年代被看作是國(guó)有化的時(shí)代一樣，20世紀(jì)80年代被看作是私有化的時(shí)代。包括英國(guó)石油、航空、鋼鐵、電訊在內(nèi)的幾乎40%的國(guó)有公司實(shí)現(xiàn)了私有化。A,英國(guó)煤礦業(yè)被稱(chēng)為生病工業(yè)。英國(guó)的煤產(chǎn)量在一戰(zhàn)前達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)，如今的英國(guó)的煤礦業(yè)衰退，從而篇二：專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)人文知識(shí)練習(xí)與答案詳解31【練習(xí)】“TheGraveyardPoets”gotthenamebecause___AtheychosetoliveneargraveyardsBtheyoftenwroteaboutdeathandmelancholyCtheyalwayswroteaboutdeadpeopleDtheyoftenuse“graveyard”asthetitleItisgenerallyunderstoodthattherecurrentthemeinmanyofThomasHardy’snovelis___.AmanagainstnatureBloveandmarriageCsocialcriticismDfateanddestinyTheRomanticPeriodinEnglishliteraturebeganwiththepublicationof___.AWilliamBlake’sSongsofInnocenceBJaneAusten’sPrideandPrejudiceCWordsworth’sandColeridge’sLyricalBalladsDapieceoflandItisgenerallyregardedthatKeats’mostimportantandmaturepoemsareintheformof___.AodeBelegyCepicDsonG.B.Shaw’splayMrs.Warren’sProfessionisarealisticexposureofthe___intheEnglishsociety.AslumlandlordismBinequalitybetweenmenandwomenCpoliticalcorruptionDeconomicexploitationofwomenThePrefacetoShakespeareandLivesofthePoetsaretheworksofcritic___.AG.B.ShawBSamuelJohnsonCBenJohnsonDE.M.FosterTheRingandtheBookisamasterpieceof___.AAlfredTennysonBRobertBrowningCThomasHardyDRalphWaldoEmersonMatthewArnoldisthewriterof___.ADoverBeachBMylastDuchessCBreak,Break,BreakDTheEagleThewriterofHeartofDarknessisalsotheoneofATimeofMachineBJimCLordJimDAPassagetoIndiaOfHumanBondageisanovelby___.AHerbertGeorgeWellsBArnoldBentCWilliamSomersetMaughamDJohnGalsworthy.選B“墓畔派”是指18世紀(jì)那些描寫(xiě)死亡的哀挽的詩(shī)人。代表作有托馬斯.格雷《墓園挽歌》(ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard),托馬斯.巴奈爾的《死亡之夜》(NightPieceonDeath)，愛(ài)德華.揚(yáng)《夜思》(NightThoughts)和羅伯特.布萊爾的《墳?zāi)埂?TheGrave)。.選D在哈代(ThomasHardy)的作品中，他那悲劇色彩的哲學(xué)觀告訴我們，人生的一切都是命運(yùn)安排，是不可抗拒的。人在命運(yùn)的面前束手無(wú)策，無(wú)論人們?cè)鯓优Γ己茈y逃脫命運(yùn)的折磨和戲弄。.選C威廉.華茲華斯(WilliamWordsworth)，于1798同柯勒律治(SamuelTayorColeridge)合作出版了著名的《抒情歌謠集》(LyricalBallads)，該詩(shī)第二版的“序”被認(rèn)為是英國(guó)浪漫主義的宣言。.選A濟(jì)慈的代表作品有《夜鶯頌》(OdetoaNightingale),《希臘古甕頌》(OdeonaGrecianUrn)，《憂郁頌》(OdeonMelancholy)，《秋頌》(ToAutumn)等?！绊灐北徽J(rèn)為是濟(jì)慈最具有代表性和最為成功的詩(shī)歌形式。.選D蕭伯納的劇作《華倫夫人的職業(yè)》(Mrs.Warren’sProfession)塑造了一個(gè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)重壓下普通婦女的形象，該劇揭露了一個(gè)令人憤怒的事實(shí)：在資本主義社會(huì)，娼妓業(yè)也成了一種剝削方式。.選B塞繆爾.約翰遜18世紀(jì)英國(guó)人文主義文學(xué)批評(píng)的巨匠，《莎士比亞戲劇集序言》(丁卜已PrefacetoShakespeare)，和《詩(shī)人傳》(LivesofthePoets)是他對(duì)文學(xué)批評(píng)做出的餓突出貢獻(xiàn)。.選B《指環(huán)與書(shū)》(TheRingandtheBoo)是羅伯特.勃郎寧(RobertBrowning)的詩(shī)作。.選A《多佛海灘》(DoverBeach)是阿諾德(MatthewArnold)詩(shī)歌中的名篇之一，反映了19世紀(jì)西方社會(huì)中的宗教信仰在新知識(shí)的沖擊下普遍淪喪的時(shí)代風(fēng)貌。.選C《黑暗的心》（成@aofDarkness）和《吉姆老爺》（LordJim）都是約瑟夫.康德拉的小說(shuō)，《吉姆》（Jim）是同時(shí)期另一位作家迪亞德.吉卜林的作品。.選C威廉.薩默塞特.毛姆（WilliamSomersetMaugham）的創(chuàng)作深受法國(guó)自然主義的影響，他的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《人性的枷鎖》（OfHumanBondage）展現(xiàn)了主人公擺脫精神枷鎖的過(guò)程。篇三：專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)人文知識(shí)練習(xí)與答案詳解38HarrietBeecherStoweismostfamousforher___thatspokeforblacks.AVoiceofFreedomBUncleTom’scabinCClotelDTheGariesandTheirFriendsThefirstnovelpublishedbytheblacksin___Clotel.AHarrietBeecherStoweBHarrietWilsonCWilliamsWellsBrownDJohnBrownMostofEmilyDickinson’spoemswerepublishedAwhenshewasyoungBafterherfailedloveaffairCinheroldageDafterherdeathPalphWaldoEmerson,theAmericanTranscendentalist,arguedforthefollowingideasexceptAman’sdependenceonhimselfforspiritualperfectionBFaithinChristianityCdirectintuitionofaspiritualGodinnatureDtheimportanceofanindependentAmericancultureIn1837,RalphWaldoEmersonmadeaspeechentitled___atHarvard,whichwashailedbyOliverWendellHolmesas“OurintellectualDeclarationofIndependence”.A“Nature”B“Self-Reliance”C“DivinitySchoolAddress”D“TheAmericanScholar”In1838,RalphWaldoEmersonmadeaspeechentitled___atHarvard,whichexpressedhisdisapprovaltothefaithinchurchandcausedtheprotestbychurch.A“Nature”B“Self-Reliance”C“DivinitySchoolAddress”D“TheAmericanScholar”___isMarkTwain’smasterwork,theonebookformwhichasErnestHemingwaynoted,“allmodernAmericanliteraturees”.ATheGildedAgeBTheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCountyCTheAdventuresofTomSawyerDTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnWhichofthefollowingisNOTthefictionwrittenbyMarkTwain?AInnocentAbroadBTheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCountyCTheAdventuresofTomSawyerDTheGoldenBowlMarkTwainisthepseudonymof___.ASamuelLanghorneClemensBHeyJamesCWilliamDeanHowellsDS