高中英語情態(tài)動詞講解與練習

中學英語語法之情態(tài)動詞（一）情態(tài)動詞的定義

：情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的看法。

（二）情態(tài)動詞的特點

：1）有確定詞義；2）不受主語人稱和數(shù)的改變影響；3）與主要動詞的原形（或稱不帶to的不定式）一起構成謂語（除ought

to作固定詞組看待）。

情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的改變,情態(tài)動詞后面跟的動詞需用原形,否定式構成是在情態(tài)動詞后面加"not"。個別情態(tài)動詞有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式,過去式用來表達更加客氣,委婉的語氣,時態(tài)性不強,可用于過去，現(xiàn)在或將來。情態(tài)動詞屬非與物動詞，故沒有被動語態(tài)。Hecouldbeheresoon.他很快就來。Wecan'tcarrytheheavybox.我們搬不動那箱子。I'msorryIcan'thelpyou.對不起，我?guī)筒簧夏??；局鷦釉~與情態(tài)助動詞最主要的區(qū)分之一是，基本助動詞本身沒有詞義，而情態(tài)助動詞則有自己的詞義，能表示說話人對有關動作或狀態(tài)的看法，或表示主觀設想：Whathaveyoubeendoingsince?（構成完成進行體，本身無詞義）IamafraidImustbegoing.（確定要）Youmayhavereadsomeaccountofthematter.（或許已經）除此之外，情態(tài)助動詞還有如下詞法和句法特征：1）除ought和used以外，其他情態(tài)動詞后面只能接不帶to的不定式。假如我們把oughtto和usedto看做是固定詞組的話，那么，全部情態(tài)動詞無一例外地只能接不帶to的不定式：Weusedtogrowbeautifulroses.Iaskedifhewouldcomeandrepairmytelevisionset.2）情態(tài)助動詞在限定動詞詞組總是位居第一：Theyneednothavebeenpunishedsoseverely.3）情態(tài)助動詞用于第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時的時候，沒有詞形改變，即其詞尾無-s形式：Shedarenotsaywhatshethinks.4）情態(tài)動詞沒有非限定形式，即沒有不定式和分詞形式，也沒有相應的動名詞：Still,sheneedn'thaverunaway.5）情態(tài)助動詞的“時”的形式并不是時間區(qū)分的主要標記。在不少場合，情態(tài)助動詞的現(xiàn)在時和過去時形式都可以表示現(xiàn)在、過去或將來時間：WouldyoumindverymuchifIaskyoutodosomething?Shetoldhimheoughtnottohavedoneit.6）情態(tài)助動詞之間是相互排斥的，即在一個限定動詞詞組中只能出現(xiàn)一個情態(tài)助動詞，但有時卻可以與have和be基本助動詞連用：Youshouldhavewashedthewound.Well,youshouldn'tbereadinganovel.（三）情態(tài)動詞有四類：①只做情態(tài)動詞：must,can(could),may(might),oughtto②可做情態(tài)動詞又可做實義動詞：need,dare③可做情態(tài)動詞又可做助動詞：shall(should),will(would)④具有情態(tài)動詞特征：have(had,has)to,usedto⑤情態(tài)動詞表揣測（四）情態(tài)動詞的基本用法

1.

can

(could)

1）表示實力，could主要指過去時間。

Two

eyes

can

see

more

than

one.

兩只眼比一只眼看得清。Could

the

girl

read

before

she

went

to

school?

這女孩上學前能識字嗎？2）表示可能（理論上或是邏輯推斷上）。The

temperature

can

fall

to

–60℃,

that

is

60℃

below

freezing.氣溫可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。He

can′t

(couldn′t)

have

enough

money

for

a

new

car.

他不行能有足夠的錢買新車。You

mustn′t

smoke

while

you′re

walking

around

in

the

wood.

You

could

start

a

fire.

在林子里走時勿吸煙，那樣可能會引起火災。3）表示允許。Can

I

have

a

look

at

your

new

pen?

我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？He

asked

whether

he

could

take

the

book

out

of

the

reading—room.

他問他可不行以把書帶出閱覽室。4）表驚異、懷疑、不信任等看法。主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。Where

can

(could)

they

have

gone

to?

他們會去哪兒了呢？He

can′t

(couldn′t)

be

over

sixty.

他不行能超過六十歲。How

can

you

be

so

careless?

你怎么這么馬虎？5）比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。Can

(Could)

you

lend

me

a

hand?

幫我一把好嗎？I′m

afraid

we

couldn′t

give

you

an

answer

today.

唯恐我們今日不能給你答復。2.

may

(might)

1）表允許，might可以指過去時間，也可指現(xiàn)在時間，語氣更委婉。You

may

take

whatever

you

like.

你喜愛什么就拿什么。He

told

me

that

I

might

smoke

in

the

room.

他告知我可以在房間里抽煙。May

(Might)

I

ask

for

a

photo

of

your

baby?

我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？

在回答以may引起的問句時，多避開用這個詞，而用其它方式，如Yes,

please.

/

Certainly.

/

Please

don′t

./

You′d

better

not.

/

No,

you

mustn′t.等，以免顯得太嚴峻或不客氣。

2）表可能（事實上）?？梢灾高^去時間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時間，但語氣更加不愿定。

He

may

be

at

home.

他可能在家。

She

may

not

know

about

it.

她可能不知道這件事。

He

was

afraid

they

might

not

agree

with

him.

他擔憂他們可能不同意他的看法。They

might

be

having

a

meeting,

but

I′m

not

sure.

他們有可能在開會，不過我不愿定。

3.

must1）表示義務。意為“必需”（主觀意志）。We

must

do

everything

step

by

step.

我們一切都必需按部就班地做。You

mustn′t

talk

to

her

like

that.

你不行能那樣對她說話。

--Must

we

hand

in

our

exercise—books

now?

我們現(xiàn)在就要交練習本嗎？

--No,

you

needn′t.

/

No,

you

don′t

have

to.

不必。（這種狀況下，一般不用mustn′t）

2）表示揣測。意為“想必、準是、確定”等，只用于確定句。He

must

be

ill.

He

looks

so

pale.

他準是病了。他的臉色蒼白。

She′s

wearing

a

diamond

necklace.

She

must

have

a

lot

of

money.

她戴著鉆石項鏈，確定很有錢。4.

shall

1）表征詢看法，用于第一、第三人稱疑問句。

Shall

I

get

you

some

tea?

我給你點茶好嗎？Shall

the

boy

wait

outside?

讓那男孩在外面等嗎？

What

shall

we

do

this

evening?

我們今晚做什么？2）表說話人的意愿，有“吩咐、承諾、警告、決心”等意思，用于其次、第三人稱陳述句。

You

shall

do

as

I

say.

按我說的做。（吩咐）

You

shall

have

my

answer

tomorrow.

你明天可以得到我的答復。（承諾）

He

shall

be

sorry

for

it

one

day,

I

tell

you.

有一天他會懊悔的，我告知你。（警告）

Nothing

shall

stop

us

from

carrying

out

the

plan.

什么也不能阻擋我們執(zhí)行這項安排（決心）

5.

will

1）表意愿，用于各種人稱陳述句。

I

will

do

anything

for

you.

我愿為你做任何事。

None

is

so

blind

as

those

who

won′t

see.

不愿看的人眼最瞎。

If

you

will

read

the

book,

I′ll

lend

it

to

you.

假如你情愿讀這本書，我會把它借給你。

2）表懇求，用于疑問句。

Will

you

close

the

window?

It′s

a

bit

cold.

請你把窗戶關上好嗎？有點冷。

Won′t

you

drink

some

more

coffee?

再來一點咖啡好嗎？

3）表示某種傾向或習慣性動作。

Fish

will

die

out

of

water.

魚離開水就不能活。

The

door

won′t

open.

這門打不開。

The

boy

will

sit

there

hour

after

hour

looking

at

the

traffic

go

by.

那男孩常常坐在那里好幾個鐘點，看著車輛行人通過。

6.

should

1）表義務。意為“應當”（某件事宜于做），用于各種人稱。You

should

be

polite

to

your

teachers.

你對老師應當有禮貌。

You

shouldn′t

waste

any

time.

你不應當奢侈時間。

2）表推想，意為“想必確定、照說應當、估計”等。

The

film

should

be

very

good

as

it

is

starring

first—class

actors.

這部新電影是一流演員主演的，估計拍得很好。

They

should

be

home

by

now.

照說他們現(xiàn)在應當已經到家了。

7.would

1）表意愿。

They

would

not

let

him

in

because

he

was

poorly

dressed.

他們不讓他進去因為他衣著舊。

I

said

I

would

do

anything

for

you.

我說過我情愿為你做任何事。

2）表委婉地提出懇求、建議或看法。

Would

you

like

another

glass

of

beer?

再來杯啤酒好嗎？

Would

you

mind

cleaning

the

window?

請把窗戶擦一下好嗎？They

wouldn′t

have

anything

against

it.

他們不會有什么反對看法。

3）表過去反復發(fā)生的動作或過去的一種傾向。

Every

time

she

was

in

trouble,

she

would

go

to

him

for

help.

她每遇到麻煩都會向她求助。他告知我盒子打不開了。8.

ought

to1）表義務，意為“應當”（因責任、義務等該做），口氣比should稍重。

You

are

his

father.

You

ought

to

take

care

of

him.

你是他父親，應當管他。

You

oughtn′t

to

smoke

so

much.

你不應當抽這么多煙。2）表推想，暗含很大的可能，語氣較弱。

Han

Mei

ought

to

know

his

telephone

number.

韓梅該知道他的電話號碼。

There′s

a

fine

sunset;

it

ought

to

be

a

fine

day

tomorrow.

今日有晚霞，明天應當是個好天。9.

used

to

表示過去的習慣動作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在不復發(fā)生或存在。疑問式和否定式有兩種。He

used

to

live

in

the

countryside,

but

now

he

lives

in

the

city.他過去住在鄉(xiāng)下，現(xiàn)在住在城里。

There

used

to

be

a

building

at

the

street

corner,

but

it

has

been

pulled

down.

街道拐角處過去有座樓房，現(xiàn)在拆了。

I

usedn′t

(didn′t

use)

to

smoke.

我過去不抽煙。

Used

you

(Did

you

use)

to

go

to

school

on

foot?

你過去常步行去學校嗎？（五）其他用法首先它是動詞，而且不同于行為動詞，行為動詞表示的是可以通過行為來表達的動作（如寫，讀，跑），而情態(tài)動詞只是表達的一種想法（如能，或許，敢）。用法是：情態(tài)動詞+行為動詞原形例句：IcanreadthissentenceinEnglish.我能用英語讀這句話。情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有確定的詞義,表示說話人的心情,看法或語氣的動詞,但不能單獨作謂語,只能和其他動詞原形構成謂語。Wecanbethereontimetomorrow.我們明天能按時去那兒。MayIhaveyourname?我能知道你的名字嗎？Shallwebeginnow?我們現(xiàn)在就起先嗎？Youmustobeytheschoolrules.你必需遵守校規(guī)。情態(tài)動詞數(shù)量不多,但用途廣泛,主要有下列:can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would),have(to),hadbetter.情態(tài)動詞還有一個很重要的用法，即情態(tài)動詞表推想——情態(tài)動詞表推想的用法小結（一）情態(tài)動詞表推想的三種句式1.在確定句中一般用must(確定)，may（可能），might/could（或許，或許）。（1）Hemust/may/mightknowtheanswertothisquestion?他確定/可能/或許知道這個問題的答案。（2）Itiscoldintheroom.Theymusthaveturnedofftheheating.屋里很冷，他們確定把暖氣關了。2.否定句中用can’t/couldn’t(不行能),maynot/mightnot(可能不)。（1）Itcan’t/couldn’tbetheheadmaster.HehasgonetoAmerica.這不行能是校長，他去美國了。（2）Hemaynot/mightnotknowthescientist.他或許不相識那位科學家。3.疑問句中用can/could(能……?)。（1）Couldhehavefinishedthetask?他可能把任務完成了嗎？（2）Canhebeathomenow?他現(xiàn)在能在家嗎？注：以上三種句式中情態(tài)動詞的語氣按程度都是依次遞減的。Might,could并非may,can的過去式，而表示語氣較為委婉或可能性較小。（二）情態(tài)動詞表推想的三種時態(tài)1.對將來狀況的推想，用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”。（1）Shemust/may/might/couldarrivebefore5.5:00前她確定/可能/或許到。（2）Shemust/may/might/couldwalkmilesandmilesamongthehillswithoutmeetinganyone.她確定/可能/或許會在山里一連走好幾英里而遇不到一個人。2.對現(xiàn)在或一般狀況的推想，用“情態(tài)動詞+be”，“情態(tài)動詞+bedoing”或“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”。（1）Hemust/may/might/couldbelisteningtotheradionow.他確定/可能/或許正在聽收音機。（2）Hecan’t(couldn’t)/may(might)notbeathomeatthistime.這個時候他不行能/可能不在家。（3）Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.Howcan(could)hebelatefortheopeningceremony?布什先生一向準時，這次開幕式他怎么可能遲到呢？3.對過去狀況的推想，用“情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞”。（1）Itmust/may/might/couldhaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet.地濕了，昨晚確定/可能/或許下雨了。（2）Thedoorwaslocked.Hecan(could)not/may(might)nothavebeenathome.門鎖著，他不行能/可能不在家。（3）Can/Couldhehavegottenthebook？莫非他找到書了嗎？注：情態(tài)動詞should/oughtto表推想時，意為“想必會，理應……”但與“have+過去分詞”連用時，則又可構成虛擬語氣意為“本應當做某事卻沒做”。例如：（4）It’sseveno’clock.Jackshould/oughttobehereatanymoment.現(xiàn)在七點鐘了，杰克理應隨時到達。（推想）（5）Sheshould/oughttohaveattendedyourbirthdayparty,butshehadtolookafterhermotherinhospital.（虛擬）她本該出席你的生日晚會的，可是她得在醫(yī)院照看她媽媽。（6）Tomshouldnot/oughtnottohavetoldmeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.（虛擬）湯姆本不該告知我你的隱私，可是他并無惡意。（六）功能助動詞(auxiliary)主要有兩類：基本助動詞(primaryauxiliary)和情態(tài)助動詞(modalauxiliary)?；局鷦釉~有三個：do,have和be；情態(tài)助動詞基本的有十四個：may,might;can,could;will,would;shall,should;must,need,dare,usedto,oughtto.hadbetter上述兩類助動詞的共同特征是，在幫助主動詞構成限定動詞詞組時，具有作用詞的功能：1）構成否定式：Hedidn'tgoandneitherdidshe.Themeetingmightnotstartuntil5o'clock.2）構成疑問式或附加疑問式：Mustyouleaverightnow?YouhavebeenlearningFrenchfor5years,haven'tyou?3）構成修辭倒裝：Nowherecanheobtainanyinformationabouthissister.Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining.4）代替限定動詞詞組：A:Whocansolvethiscrosswordpuzzle?B:Tomcan.A:ShallIwritetohim?B:Yes,do.重點疑難（一）need和dare的用法

need和dare既可用作情態(tài)動詞，也可用作實義動詞。用作情態(tài)動詞時，主要用于否定句和疑問句。用作實義動詞時，可用于各種句式。

1.用作情態(tài)動詞

--Need

I

come?

--Yes,

you

must.

--我須要來嗎？

--須要。

You

needn′t

telephone

him

now.

你現(xiàn)在不必打電話給他。

I

don′t

think

you

need

worry.

我想你不必發(fā)愁。She

dare

not

go

out

alone

at

night.

她晚上不敢一個人出去。

How

dare

you

say

I′m

unfair?

你竟敢說我不公允？Not

one

of

them

dared

mention

this.

他們誰也不敢提這件事。

2.用作實義動詞

You

don′t

need

to

do

it

yourself.

你不必親自做這件事。

We

need

to

tell

them

the

news.

我們須要把這消息告知他們。

The

table

needs

painting

(to

be

painted.).

桌子須要油漆一下。

We

should

dare

to

give

our

own

opinion.

我們要敢于提出自己的觀點。

He

did

not

dare

(to)

look

up.

他不敢抬頭看。

I

dare

day

he′ll

come

again.

我想他會再來的。

（cI

dare

say…為固定習語）

（二）情態(tài)動詞后跟完成式和進行式的用法

1.情態(tài)動詞后跟完成式，表“應當已經……”，“想必已經……”，“原來可以……”等意。

I

should

have

finished

the

work

earlier.

我應當早一點完成這項工作的。He

isn′t

here.

He

must

have

missed

the

train.

他還未到，確定是沒趕上火車。

Where

can

(could)

he

have

gone?

他能到那里去了呢？

You

may

(might)

have

read

about

it.

你可能在報上已經讀到這件事了。

You

could

(might)

have

been

more

careful.

你原來可以更細心的。

He

needn′t

have

worried

about

it.

他本不必為此事?lián)鷳n。

There

was

a

lot

of

fun

at

yesterday′s

party.

You

ought

to

have

come,

but

why

didn′t

you

昨天的聚會特別有意思。你本應當來，為何不來呢？

2.

情態(tài)動詞后跟進行式，表示“想必正在……”，“可能正在……”，“應當正在”等意。

It′s

twelve

o′clock.

They

must

be

having

lunch.

現(xiàn)在是十二點。他們確定正在吃飯。

They

may

be

discussing

this

problem.

他們可能正在論討這個問題。

He

can′t

be

telling

the

truth.

他說的不行能是真話。

She

shouldn′t

be

working

like

that.

She′s

still

so

weak.

她不應當那樣干，她身體仍那么虛。

（三）幾組詞的辨異

1.

can

和be

able

to

1）情態(tài)動詞can只有兩種時態(tài)形式，現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could，而be

able

to有多種時態(tài)形式。

Mary

can

play

the

piano.

She

has

been

able

to

play

it

since

she

was

5.

瑪麗會彈鋼琴。她五歲起就會彈了。2）用在過去時中，could常常表示能夠做某事，事實上不確定去做，而was∕were

able

to則表示“過去做成了某事”。在否定句中兩者可通用。

He

could

swim

across

the

English

Channel.

But

he

didn′t

feel

like

it

that

day.

他能游過英吉利海峽，但那天他不想游。

Yesterday

I

was

able

to

get

home

before

the

heavy

rain.

昨天我在下大雨前趕到了家里。

2.

must和

have

to

must表示主觀意志，而have

to表示由于客觀因素不得不做某事。must沒有過去式，除在間接引語中可用于表示過去時間，在干脆引語中表示過去時間應當用had

to代替。I

told

her

that

she

must

give

up

smoking.

我叫她必需戒煙。

We

had

to

get

everything

ready

that

night.

我們那晚得把一切打算就緒。3.

would和used

to

1）used

to表示過去與現(xiàn)在或過去某時與后來的狀況有不同，而would只表過去的狀況。People

used

to

think

that

the

earth

was

flat.

過去人們認為地球是平的。（現(xiàn)在人們不這么認為。）

She

would

go

out

for

a

walk

in

the

morning

when

she

was

in

the

country.

在鄉(xiāng)下時，她總是在早晨去散會兒步。（可能現(xiàn)在仍有漫步的習慣。）

2）used

to可表示過去的習慣動作和常常的狀況，而would只表示過去的習慣動作。

He

used

to

∕would

smoke

while

writing.

過去他寫東西時常抽煙。

She

used

to

be

fat.

她過去很胖

專項練習（一）1.

I

__________

you,

because

I

thought

I

must

be

wrong.

A.

dare

not

ask

B.

dare

not

to

ask

C.

dare

not

asking

D.

dare

to

not

ask

2.

There

__________

some

flowers

in

the

garden.

A.

were

used

to

be

B.

used

to

be

C.

uses

to

be

D.

used

to

be

having

3.

“__________

I

take

it

out?”

“I′m

sorry,

you

__________.”

A.

Could

…couldn′t

B.

Might…might

not

C.

Could…can

D.

May…can′t

4.

You

were

stupid

to

climb

the

tree.

You

__________

hurt

yourself.

A.

may

B.

might

C.

will

D.

might

have

5.

You

__________

those

letters.

Why

didn′t

you

?

A.

should

post

B.

should

have

posted

C.

must

have

posted

D.

ought

to

post.

6.

All

the

lights

are

on,

the

Smiths

__________

up.

A.

must

get

B.

is

getting

C.

must

be

getting

D.

would

get

7.

He

__________

lead

a

horse

to

the

water

but

he

__________

not

make

it

drink.

A.

will…can

B.

may…can

C.

may…dares

D.

dare…can

8.

“Need

we

do

this

job

now?”

“Yes,

__________.”

A.

you

need

B.

you

should

C.

you

must

D.

you

can

9.

__________

to

have

lunch

with

us

today?

A.

Do

you

likes

B.

Would

you

like

C.

Will

you

liked

D.

Have

you

liked

10.

He

said

that

you

__________

watch

TV

all

the

evening

if

you

wished.

A.

may

B.

must

C.

can

D.

might

11.

–Is

John

coming

by

train?

--He

should,

but

he

__________

not.

He

likes

driving

his

car.

A.

must

B.

can

C.

need

D.

may

12.

Peter

__________

come

with

us

tonight,

but

he

isn′t

very

sure

yet.

A.

must

B.

can

C.

may

D.

will

13.

Michael

__________

be

a

policeman,

for

he′s

much

too

short.

A.

needn′t

B.

can′t

C.

shouldn′t

D.

won′t

14.

I

thought

you

__________

be

hungry,

so

I

have

brought

you

some

cakes.

A.

may

B.

might

C.

can

D.

could

15.

I

wonder

how

he

__________

that

to

the

teacher.

A.

dare

to

say

B.

dare

saying

C.

not

dare

say

D.

dared

say

16.

Come

on!

We

__________

hurry

because

there

isn′t

much

time

left.

A.

mayB.

must

C.

can

D.

need

17.

Amy

did

best

in

the

English

test.

She

__________

hard

last

week.

A.

must

have

working

B.

should

have

worked

C.

should

work

D.

must

work

18.

The

fire

spread

through

the

hotel

very

quickly

but

everyone

__________

get

out.

A.

had

to

B.

would

C.

could

D.

was

able

to

19.

–--I

stayed

at

a

hotel

while

in

New

York.

---Oh,

did

you?

You

__________

with

Barbara.A.

could

have

stayed

B.

could

stay

C.

would

stay

D.

must

have

stayed

20.

It′s

nearly

seven

o′clock.

Jack

__________

be

here

at

any

moment.

A.

must

B.

need

C.

should

D.

can

答案：

1.A2.B3.D4.D5.B6.C7.B8.C9.B10.D11.D12.C13.B14.B15.D16.B17.A18.D19.A20.

專項練習（二）1.Jeanhavekepthispromise.Iwonderwhyhechangedhisidea.A.must B.should C.need D.would2.Janehavecometotheparty,butshenotfindtheexacttime.A.could;could B.might;could C.should;could D.should;would3.Somanymistakesinyourhomework!Youmorecareful.A.maybe B.hadto C.wouldbe D.shouldhavebeen4．Herbrotherbeathomenow,becausehewasseenplayingbasketballinthestadiumjustnow.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn't5．---Ican’tunderstandwhyourbossislate.---Hetheearlybus.A.couldmiss B.mayhavemissedC.canhavemissed D.mightmiss6.Shedidn'tanswerthephone,she______asleep.A.maybe B.mustbe C.shouldhavebeen D.musthavebeen7．Thelittlegirl’seyeswerered.She______.A.maycry B.mustcry C.mustbecried D.musthavebeencrying8．He______hissuppernow,forthedininghallisstillclosed.A.can’tbehaving B.needn’tbehavingC.mustn’tbehavingD.shouldn'tbehaving9．Iparkedmybikebehindthebuilding,butnowitisgone.It________.A.maybestolenB.mustbestolenC.musthavebeenstolenD.musthavestolen10.______Mr.Black_______gotoworkbyferrybeforethebridgewasbuilt?A.Did;usedto B.Use;to C.Did;useto D.Does;useto11.Thehotelisonlyastone’sthrowaway,you______takeabus.A.neednotto B.notneedto C.don'tneed D.neednot12.Iambusynow,_______mybrotherdoitforyou?A.Will B.Shall C.Must D.May13.---Youneedn’tdoitrightnow,needyou?---YesIamafraidI______.A.need B.needn’t C.must D.mustn’t14.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_____havetakenit?(2003年上海春季高考)A.should B.must C.could D.would15.---Theroomissodirty._______wecleanit?----Ofcourse.(2003年北京春季高考)A．Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do16.Ifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo,you______wasteanytime.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.maynot D.won’t17.Ifyouwanttoborrowafootballafterschool,yourstudentcard______here.A.hastoleave B.mustleave C.hastobeleft D.mustbeleft18.“Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness?”“Yes,but_____it”A.I’drathernotdo B.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishouldn’tdo D.I’dbetternotdo19.“Don’tgetneartoit.Itistoodangerous!”“_______”.A.Yes,Iwon’t B.No,Idon’t C.No,Ican’t D.No,Iwon’t20.Hemustbeintheclassroom,_______he?A.mustn’t B.can’t C.isn’t D.can21.He________beinthegarden.Hemustbeintheroom.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.willnot D.maynot22.“Doyouhavetoleavenow?”“Iamverysorry,butIreally______.”A.can’t B.have C.should D.must23.“Let’sgotothelibrary,shallwe?”“_________?”A.No,Ican’t B.Yes,Iwill C.Yes,thankyou D.No,we’dbetternot24.“CanItakeitaway?” “You______betternot.”A.should B.could C.would D.had25.You_______havebroughtyourcamera.Theyallhadtheirswiththem.A.couldn’t B.needn’t C.wouldn’t D.mustn’t26.Seewhoisthere!______itbeMay?A.May B.Must C.Can D.Will27.John______beabasketballplayer.Heismuchtooshort.A.may B.mustn’t C.can’t D.should28.TheChineseteacherlookssopale.She______beill.A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.need29.Something______tosaveourearth.Doyouthinkso?A.cando B.mustdo C.hastodo D.mustbedone30.Lookatwhatyouhavedone!You______bemorecareful.A.ought B.can C.would D.should專項練習（三）1.—HasLiLinstarted?Hesaidhewouldjoinintheparty.

—He______.Heisamanofkeepinghisword.

A.couldhaveleft

B.musthaveleft

C.can’tcome

D.won’tbecoming

2.—MayIparkmycarhere?—No,you______.Nocarisallowedtoparkhere.

A.maynot

B.needn’t

C.mustn’t

D.daren’t

3.—Excuseme,couldyoutellmewheretheYajiaSupermarketis?

—It’stwoblocksstraightahead.You______missit.

A.mustn’t

B.can’t

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t

4.—IsawMr.SunatTongyuStationthismorning.—You______.He’sstillonholidayinHawaii.

A.couldn’thave

B.mustn’thave

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t

5.—HowaboutpayingavisittoDr.Wang,ourformerChineseteacher?

—Goodidea.Iwille-mailhimtodaysothathe______know______toexpectus.

A.shall;why

B.could;whenC.would;what

D.will;how

6.Everythinghastwosides.Beautifulsongs,sometimes,______bejustnoisetoothers.

A.must

B.may

C.should

D.could

7.Someone______myumbrella.Ifounditwetyesterday.

A.mustbeusing

B.musthaveused

C.mustuse

D.musthavebeenusing

8.—Howdangerousitwas!—Yes,butforthepasser-by’squickaction,thegirl______.

A.wasdrowned

B.couldhavebeendrownedC.haddrowned

D.shouldbedrowned

9.You____scoldsuchapupilwhoalwayskeepssilentsoseriouslythatyou_____hurthim.

A.should;can

B.may;will

C.mustn’t;may

D.can’t;must

10.—WhydoesAliceknowsomuchaboutAngkorWat?—She______havebeenthere,or...

A.must

B.oughtn’tto

C.may

D.can’t

11.—Youmaylaugh,butI’vebeenthinkingofbecomingavegetarian.—Oh,you______becrazy.Youwillbehungryallthetime.

A.must

B.may

C.will

D.need

12.—What’sthematterwithyou?

—Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I______somuchfriedfishjustnow.

A.shouldn’teat

B.mustn’thaveeaten

C.shouldn’thaveeaten

D.mustn’teat

13.—______hehavebeenchosenascaptainofthefootballteam?—Yes,he______.

A.Can;musthave

B.Must;musthave

C.Can;must

D.Must;must

14.Mr.Zhang______inShanghaitomorrowmorning.

A.canhavearrived

B.willhavearrived

C.mayhavearrived

D.musthavearrived

15.MissWangstartedat8o’clock,andshe______betherenow.

A.should

B.can

C.can’t

D.need

16.—ItmustbeMr.Liwhodidit.—No,it______beMr.Li.

A.mustn’t

B.wouldn’t

C.can’t

D.may17.You______finishreadingthebookassoonaspossible.

A.may

B.can

C.need

D.should

18.—Needyougotoworknow?—Yes,I______.

A.must

B.need

C.can

D.dare

19.Yourtrousersaredirty.______themforyou?

A.ShallIwash

B.WillIwashC.AmIgoingtowash

D.AmIwashing

20.Youarelateforschooltoday.You______toschoolearlier.

A.oughttocome

B.shouldhavecome

C.oughthavecome

D.shouldcome

21.WemustlearnfromLeiFeng,______we?

A.may

B.can’t

C.don’t

D.needn’t

22.Shemustbehungry,______she?

A.isn’t

B.needn’t

C.doesn’t

Dwon’t

23.Heoughttocomehereearly,______he?

A.would

B.should

C.didn’t

D.shouldn’t

24.Youusedtosmoke,______you?

A.usedto

B.don’t

C.didn’t

D.shouldn’t25.Youought______forwhatyouhaven’tdone.

A.nottobepunished

B.notbepunished

C.tonotpunished

D.tonotbepunished

26.______youpleasetellmethewaytothepostoffice?

A.Must

B.Need

C.Would

D.Should

27.I’msurehe______havethecomputersoonerorlater.

A.shall

B.can

C.must

D.would

28.Itisimportantthatwe______learnhowtodrive.

A.haveto

B.should

C.need

D.shall

專項練習（四）1.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She_____atthemeeting.

A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespoken

C.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken

2.Oneought_____forwhatonehasn’tdone.

A.nottobepunishedB.tonotbepunished

C.tonotpunishedD.notbepunished

3.Ifyoureallywantyourselftobeingoodhealth,youmust___always___somuch.

A.not;besmokingB.not;havesmoked

C.not;tosmokeD.benot;smoking

4.Withsomuchworkonhand,you_____toseethegamelastnight.

A.mustn’tgoB.shouldn’tgoC.couldn’thavegoneD.shouldn’thavegone

5.MostofthestudentsfeltratherdisappointedattheEnglishparty.Theysaythatit______betterorganized.

A.hadbeenB.hadtobeC.musthavebeenD.couldhavebeen

6.I’msurprisedthathe_____intheexam.

A.shouldfailB.wouldhavefailedC.mayhavefailedD.shouldhavefailed

7.Thelittlegirl_____therealone.

A.notdaregoB.daresnotgoC.darenotgoD.darenottogo

8.“Mustwedoitnow?”“No,you_____.”

A.won’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.don’t

9.Hesaidhewouldrathernot_____itrightnow.

A.doingB.todoC.doD.tobedoing

10.You_____tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.

A.needn’ttocomeB.don’tneedcomeC.don’tneedcomingD.needn’tcome

11.Putonmoreclothes.You_____befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.canB.couldC.wouldD.must

12.I_____playfootballthanbaseball.

A.wouldratherB.hadbetterC.likebetterD.prefer

13.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.

A.mayB.mightC.couldD.must

14.Therewasplentyoftimes.She_____.

A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurried

C.mustnothurryD.needn’thavehurried

15.Theplantisdead.I_____itmorewater.

A.willgiveB.wouldhavegivenC.mustgiveD.shouldhavegiven

16.You_____returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.

A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot

17.It’sstillearly,you_____.

A.mustn’thurryB.wouldn’thurryC.maynothurryD.don’thavetohurry

18.Pleaseopenthewindow,_____?

A.can’tyouB.aren’tyouC.doyouD.willyou

19.We_____forherbecauseshenevercame.

A.mustn’thavewaitedB.shouldn’thavewaited

C.mustn’twaitD.needn’twait

20.—MayIstophere?—No,you_____.

A.mustn’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.won’t

21.It’safineday.Let’sgofishing,_____.

A.won’tweB.willweC.don’tweD.shallwe

22.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She_____atthemeeting.

A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespoken

C.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken

23.—Pleasedon’tmakeanoise.—_____.I’llbeasquietasamouse.

A.Yes,Iwon’tB.No,Iwon’tC.No,IwillD.Yes,Iwill

24.Theyoungmanhasmadesomuchnoisethathe_____nothavebeenallowedtoattendtheconcert.

A.couldB.mustC.wouldD.should

25.—WhereisJohn?—He_____inthelibrary.

A.shouldbeB.mustbeC.canbeD.musthavebeen

26.Sincetheroadiswetthismorning,_____lastnight.

A.itmustrainB.itmustberaining

C.itmusthaverainedD.itmusthavebeenrain

27.—Willyourbrotherstayhometonight?

—I’mnotquitesure.He_____tothecinematonight.

A.mustgoB.cangoC.maygoD.maybegoing

28.She’salreadytwohourslate.What______toher?

A.canhavehappenedB.mayhavehappened

C.shouldhavehappenedD.musthappen

29.Youmustbeawriter,_____?

A.mustn’tyouB.areyouC.mustyouD.aren’tyou

30.Igotupearlythatmorning,butI_____sobecauseIhadnoworktodo.

A.mustn’thavedoneB.didn’tneedtodo

C.needn’thavedoneD.can’thavedone

31.He_____havecomehereyesterday,buthedidn’t.

A.couldB.shouldC.oughttoD.alltheabove

32.Imissedthelastbus,soI_____gohomeonfoot.

A.mustB.havetoC.mayD.hadto

33.Heoughttowinthefirstprize,_____he?

A.oughtn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.bothAandB

34.Everyone_____dohisbestforthemodernizationsofourcountry.

A.canB.mayC.shouldD.might

35.Let’scleanourclassroom,_____?

A.willyouB.don’tweC.shallweD.doyou

36.Letusplaybasketball,______?

A.willyouB.don’tweC.shallweD.doyou

37.Heaskedmeforthisbookmanytimes.Pleasetellhimthathe_____haveittomorrow.

A.mustB.mayC.shallD.bothBandC

38.“Yourphonenumberagain?I_____quitecatchit.”“It’s9568442.”

A.didn’tB.couldn’tC.don’tD.can’t

39.Mother_____usstorieswhenwewerechildren.

A.wasusedtotellB.isusedtotellingC.usedtotellD.usedtotelling

40.Shewouldrather_____moremoneyonbooks_____onclothes.

A.cost…notB.tospare…don’tC.pay…thanD.spend…than專項練習（二）1.解析：選B.“shoul