寒假輔導(dǎo)講義2024年中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題6動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)作文(說(shuō)明文)(教師版)

學(xué)生姓名：年級(jí)：初三課時(shí)數(shù)：3輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)教師：輔導(dǎo)內(nèi)容：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)+作文(說(shuō)明文)輔導(dǎo)日期：教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1、掌握動(dòng)詞的8種時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2、學(xué)會(huì)如何進(jìn)行說(shuō)明文的寫(xiě)作方法【同步知識(shí)梳理】知識(shí)點(diǎn)1：動(dòng)詞的八種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間和狀態(tài)。初中階段要求掌握的時(shí)態(tài)有八種。時(shí)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)be動(dòng)詞、行為動(dòng)詞原形或第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式1.Ilikesports.2.Helikessports.3.Sheisagoodteacher.一般過(guò)去時(shí)be動(dòng)詞、行為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式Wehadagreattimeyesterday.一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形1.Theywillgotothecinemanextweek.2.Heisgoingtohaveapicnicwithhisfamilytomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式1.MyparentsarewatchingTVnow.2.Iamlookingformypurse.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞LilyhaslearnedEnglishforthreeyears.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式Weweretalkingloudlywhentheteachercamein.過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Wehadalreadylearnednearly1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would或was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形Hetoldushewouldhaveapartyinhishousethisweekend.知識(shí)點(diǎn)2：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.含義：用于表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或在現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式用法：表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Myfatheriscookingthedinneratthemoment.（2）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Thestudentsareworkingonthefarmthesedays.（3）用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)。常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：go,e,leave,arrive,start,begin等，表示即將發(fā)生或安排好要做的事情。如：WeareleavingforShanghai.Thebusisingsoon.4.標(biāo)志語(yǔ)：當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為now,atthemoment,thesedays等或當(dāng)句子中含有l(wèi)ook,listen,canyousee,can’tyousee之類(lèi)的暗示詞時(shí)，要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Listen!Lilyissingingintheclassroom.Can’tyouseetheyaredoingtheirhomework?注意：不是看到look就一定用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:look!Ourteacherlooksbeautiful.5.一般不能用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞=1\*GB3①表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如see,hear等=2\*GB3②表示喜歡或厭惡的動(dòng)詞，如like,love,hate等；表示希望的動(dòng)詞，如want,wouldlike等=3\*GB3③表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如be,live,keep等=4\*GB3④表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞，如have(擁有),belongto等=5\*GB3⑤表示思維，知識(shí)或理解能力的動(dòng)詞，如know,think（認(rèn)為）,forget等例（一）：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇1.Millie,whereisMissLi?She_________aspeechonChinesearttothefirstyearstudentsinthehall.A.givesB.gaveC.isgivingD.hasgiven2.Linda,togetherwithherparents,upthemessintheparkatthemoment.It’smeaningfultobeavolunteer.Let’sjointhem.A.iscleaningB.arecleaningC.hascleanedD.havecleaned3.Justaminute!Mybrother_____hiscarinthegarden．A.washes B.iswashing C.washed D.willwash4.Hereesthebus!Whereisourprincipal?Shecan'tgotothemuseumwithus.She________somevisitorsaroundourschool.A.isshowing B.shows C.hasshowed D.wasshowing5.Dad_____theUSAintwoweeks.A.isleaveforB.leavesforC.isleavingforD.leftforKeys:CABAC知識(shí)點(diǎn)3：一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.含義：用于表示在過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（1）be：was;were（2）行為動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式3.用法：（1）表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：WevisitedafarmlastSunday.表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenwentswimmingintheriver.=WhenIwasinthecountryside,Iusedtogoswimmingintheriver.（usedtodosth.表示過(guò)去常常做某事）與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterdaylast...:lastnight,lastweek,lastyear,lastmonth等....ago:threeyearsago,twodaysago等其他：in1990,inthepast,theotherday,atthattime,justnow,thismorning等填空題1）根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示或英文釋義，完成句子。1.Mr.Bean___________(進(jìn)入)ourclassroomandtoldusalotofjokesinmydreamlastnight.2.He__________(點(diǎn)頭)tomeingreetingwhenIenteredtheroom.3.She_________(掉落）theplateanditbrokeintopieces.4.Theseengineerssuccessfully_______(開(kāi)發(fā))anewkindofenergysavingcarlastyear.5.Thechildrenall（跳）withjoywhentheyheardthegoodnews.答案：entered;nodded;dropped;developed;jumped2）用所給詞的正確形式填空1.Theoldputer_______(break)downeasily,soIhadtorestartitagainandagain.2.—Whyareyousohappytoday?—BecauseI_____(win)thebadmintonmatchyesterday.3.YesterdayI（buy）anewdressattheMacy’sformymum.4.Theaudience_______(clap)andscreamedwithjoyafterthelastperformanceended.5.Lastweek,she________(select)ateddybearasabirthdaypresentforherdaughter.答案：broke;won;bought;clapped;selected知識(shí)點(diǎn)4：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.含義：用于表示現(xiàn)階段習(xí)慣性、周期性、反復(fù)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或者用于描述客觀真理。2.謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用be動(dòng)詞或是行為動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)如下：（1）be:am,is,are當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用原形當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用原形（2）行為動(dòng)詞：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用三單變化當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用三單變化用法：（1）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與often,always,usually,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday等表示頻率的副詞和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.Heusuallytakesabustoschool.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)、情感和性格。如：Mary’sfatherisanEnglishteacher.HelivesinNanjingnow.Hishairisbrown.（3）表示客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實(shí)或格言諺語(yǔ)等。如：Thesunrisesintheeasteveryday.Theearthisround.ThePhysicsteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.在某些以here,there開(kāi)頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Hereesthebus.Theregoesthebell.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。下列動(dòng)詞：e,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。這主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情,經(jīng)常用在時(shí)刻表中。如：

Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.

Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsintenminutes.4.與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：（1）表示頻度的副詞：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldomnever等。（2）onSundays,onMondayafternoons,everyday,everymorning,everyyear等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。（3）onceayear,twiceamonth,threetimesaweek等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。填空題1）根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示或英文釋義，完成句子。1.Samhardlyhasanygoodfriendsbecausehealways___________(拒絕)tohelpotherpeople.2.Nobody_______thattheShengzhouIXwillhelpusknowmoreaboutspace.(懷疑)3.Asweknow,oilalways__________(漂浮)onwater.答案：refuses；doubts；floats2）用所給詞的正確形式填空1.TheteachertoldusthatthegravityonMars(be)onlyaboutthreeeighthsofthatonEarth.2.Thisstorytellsusalesson—theearlybird_____________(catch)theworm.3.NotjustshebutalsoI(be)interestedinactionfilms．Keys:iscatchesam知識(shí)點(diǎn)5：一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.含義：用來(lái)表示在將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）am/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形（2）will+動(dòng)詞原形（主語(yǔ)部分可以是各種人稱(chēng)）（3）shall+動(dòng)詞原形（主語(yǔ)部分為第一人稱(chēng)）3.用法：（1）begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形，表示計(jì)劃、打算做某事，表示已決定的并很可能發(fā)生的事。如：WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?Lookattheclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.=1\*GB3①will+動(dòng)詞原形，表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或是存在的狀態(tài)。如：Willyoubebackintwodays?=2\*GB3②當(dāng)句中主語(yǔ)是I或者we時(shí)，一般使用shall,表示征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)。如：Whenshallwemeettomorrow?begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形和will+動(dòng)詞原形的比較①若是強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)意圖是經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮好的，則通常要用begoingto；若是表示某個(gè)意圖沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，而是在說(shuō)話(huà)的當(dāng)時(shí)才臨時(shí)想到的，則通常用will。比較。如："Annisinhospital.""Oh,really?Ididn’tknow.I’llgoandvisither."“安住院了?！薄鞍?，真的嗎？我還不知道。我要去看看她。”(臨時(shí)想法，不能用begoingto)"Annisinhospital.""Yes,Iknow.I’mgoingtovisithertomorrow.“安住院了?！薄拔抑?，我打算明天去看看她?！?事先考慮的意圖，不能用will)②若是有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事，通常只用begoingto，不用will。如：Lookatthoseblackclouds.It’sgoingtorain.③帶有時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句通常不宜用begoingto，而用will：Whenheesback,Iwilltellhimthenews.Ifheesback,Iwilltellhimthenews.與一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrownext...:nextweek,nextyear等in...:inthreeyears,inaweek等soon,beforelong(不久之后)等注意：看到tomorrow等不一定使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，如tomorrowisSunday./ItisSundaytomorrow.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Mysisterwantsanewdress.Sheittotheparty,A.wearsB.haswornC.woreD.isgoingtowear2.WearegladtohearthattheGreens_____toanewflatnextweek.A.moveB.movedC.willmoveD.havemoved3.—When______you______readingJaneEyre?—It’shardtosay.I’mbusyrecently.A.did;finish B.have;finished C.will;finish D.do;finish4.—Willyougotothecinemawithmetomorrow?—Sorry,I________skatingwithTom.A.go B.went C.havegone D.willgo5.—Whichteamdoyouthink______thegame?—Hardtosay.Therearestilltenminutesbeforeitends.A.wonB.haswonC.willwinD.wins6.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobeKeys:DCCDCC知識(shí)點(diǎn)6：“主將從現(xiàn)”原則主將從現(xiàn)是指在以if(如果),assoonas,until,when等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的有以下四種情況：條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么從句常常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：WhenIgrowup,I’llbeanurseandlookafterpatients.（2）如果主句是祈使句，那么從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Don’tlaughatmewhenImakeamistake.（3）如果主句是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)需要從句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Youshouldbequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom2.當(dāng)if表示“是否”時(shí)，不遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。如：Idon’tknowifhewilletomyhometomorrow.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Idon’tknowifit______tomorrow.Ifit______,wewillgooutforapicnic.A.willrain;won’train B.rains;doesn’trainC.rains;won’train D.willrain;doesn’train2.Itwillbehardforustogetupinthemorningifwe____tobedtoolate．A．go B.went C.willgo D.havegone3.Iffarmerstreesandforests,giantpandasnowheretolive.A.cutdown;haveB.willcutdown;willhaveC.willcutdon;haveD.cutdown;willhave4.Whenyou________atarestaurant,pleaseorderjustenoughfood.A.ateB.willeatC.eatD.haveneaten5.Henrywillgiveusareportassoonashe_.A.arrivesB.arrivedC.isarrivingD.willarriveKeys:DADCA知識(shí)點(diǎn)7：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.含義：用于表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+動(dòng)詞ing形式（現(xiàn)在分詞）用法：表示過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Iwasreadinginthelibraryatthistimeyesterday.表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:Theywerehavingameetingfrom2:00to4:00yesterdayafternoon.（3）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與always等頻度副詞連用，表示過(guò)去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，此時(shí)的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)帶有一定的感情色彩。如：Jackwasalwayschanginghismind.go,e,leave,arrive,start等動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Iwasleavingwhenhecamein.Shetoldmeshewasingtoseeme.4.與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime,then,attenlastnight,from...to...thedaybeforeyesterday,thosedays等。5.含有when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的運(yùn)用：（1）when在過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中的用法:when所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，動(dòng)作既可以是長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作，也可以是短動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)詞既可以使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可以使用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。關(guān)鍵看動(dòng)作是否能延續(xù)，可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，不可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。主句的動(dòng)詞根據(jù)動(dòng)作可不可以延續(xù)決定，可以延續(xù)使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，不可延續(xù)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：JimwaslisteningtotheCDwhenhisbrothercameback.WhenIwashavingbreakfast,thetelephonerang.（2）while在過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中的用法:while所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，動(dòng)作只能是長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)詞只能使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。該延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。主句的動(dòng)詞根據(jù)動(dòng)作可不可以延續(xù)決定，可以延續(xù)使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，不可延續(xù)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：Whilehewasridinghisbike,hefelloff.WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,mymotherwaswatchingTV.注意：：在上述情況中，若動(dòng)詞為表示動(dòng)作的瞬間動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而不用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如，Luckily,whenlwenttoseehim,hewasathome.幸運(yùn)的是，我去看他時(shí)，他在家。例（一）：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇1.—Icalledyouseveraltimesthismorning,butyoudidn'tanswer.—Sorry.I_____tennisthewholemorning.played B.isplaying C.wouldplay D.wasplaying2.—Iphonedyouat5:00yesterdayafternoon,butnobodyansweredme.—Sorry.Itheflowersinthegardenatthattime.A.waswatering B.amwatering C.water D.willwater3.Millie_________apicturewhenMr.Greencamein.A.drawB.willdrawC.drewD.wasdrawing4.—Wecouldn'tfindyouanywherearound8:00yesterdayevening.—I’msorryforit.MymotherandIinthesquare.A.dancedB.willdanceC.weredancingD.aredancing5.Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey_________putergames.A.play B.areplaying C.haveplayed D.wereplayingKeys:DADCD知識(shí)點(diǎn)8：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)1.含義：表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀況。常用于主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句中。2.謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）would+動(dòng)詞原形（2）was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形3.用法：（1）表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中，由“would+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。如：Heaskedwhenthemeetingwouldstart.用“was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”所表示的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示曾經(jīng)打算或準(zhǔn)備要做的動(dòng)作。如：HewasgoingtostartanewjobwhenIsawhimthen.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)運(yùn)用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而從句要用將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，該從句改用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。在賓語(yǔ)從句中常出現(xiàn)的有l(wèi)ater,soon,thenextday,thefollowingweek等。如：Themantoldmethathewasgoingtotryitagainthefollowingday.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—HasWendyhandedinherapplicationform?—Notsure.Shetoldmethatshewantedtocheckagainanditinsoon.A.willhand B.wouldhand C.hashanded D.hadhanded2.Theofficialsaidthey_______anewlawtoprotectthetouriststhenextyear.A.makesB.wouldmake C.made D.havemadeWhatdidYangYingsay?Shesaidthey_______aschooltripthenextweekend.A.willhaveB.had C.wouldhave D.haveKeys:BBC用所給詞的正確形式填空Everyoneofuswasexcited,forinafewminuteswe__________(see)LiuXiangappearonthesportsground.Didshesaythatshe_________（attend）themeetingherselftomorrow?Heaskeduswho_______(give)usEnglishlessonsnextterm.4.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.答案：wouldseewouldattendwouldgivewouldnotstay知識(shí)點(diǎn)9:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.謂語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞2.用法：（1）用于描述一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者可能還要延續(xù)到將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。常和for和since連用。如：=1\*GB3①Theyhaveworkedinthefactoryfortenmonths.=2\*GB3②WehavelearnedEnglishsincenearlythreeyearsago.=3\*GB3③IthasbeennineyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.=4\*GB3④Wehavebeenfriendssince2008.用于強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在所產(chǎn)生的影響，此時(shí)這個(gè)動(dòng)作一般不會(huì)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：=1\*GB3①I(mǎi)havealreadyseenthefilm.=2\*GB3②Ihavelostmykey.=3\*GB3③Haveyoufoundyourlostkeyyet?No,Ihaven’tfoundityet.3.since和for的用法區(qū)別和聯(lián)系(1)since的用法A.since后可加時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如例句=2\*GB3②=4\*GB3④中的nearlythreeyearsago或2008.B.since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如例句=3\*GB3③。(2)for的用法：for后加一段時(shí)間。如例句=1\*GB3①(3)since和for用法的相互轉(zhuǎn)換：for+一段時(shí)間=since+一段時(shí)間+ago注意：有“Itis+一段時(shí)間+since”的句型。例如我們可以將上面的例句=3\*GB3③換成“ItisnineyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.”(4)對(duì)since和for的提問(wèn)用howlong。如：HowlonghaveyoubeeninNanjing?Forthreeyears./Sincethreeyearsago.4.與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ever、never、yet、already、recently、lately、overtheseyears、uptonow、just、since、for、sofar、during/inthepast/lastfewdays/weeks/months/years等。=1\*GB3①ever意為“曾經(jīng)”可用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中。如：HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?也用于肯定句中通常放在主句后面和最高級(jí)連用。如：ThisisthebestmodelshipthatIhaveeverseen.=2\*GB3②never意為“從來(lái)沒(méi)有”，常與before連用。Hehasneverfinishedataskbyhimselfbefore.=3\*GB3③注意just和justnow的區(qū)別。just和recently都表示“最近，剛剛”，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；justnow表示“剛才”，用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：HehasjustebackfromAmerica./Hewasherejustnow.=4\*GB3④already,yet常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。already用于肯定句中，可放在助動(dòng)詞之后，過(guò)去分詞之前，也可放在句末。yet用在疑問(wèn)句中意為“已經(jīng)”，用在否定句中表示“還”，常放在句末。have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin的區(qū)別have/hasbeento：曾經(jīng)去過(guò)，強(qiáng)調(diào)以往的經(jīng)歷。如：TheoldmanhasbeentoEgyptwhenhewasyoung.have/hasgoneto：去了某地，強(qiáng)調(diào)還沒(méi)有回來(lái)。如：Whereisyouruncle?Hehasgonetothesupermarket.have/hasbeenin：待在某地，住在某地。如：Mr.Smithhasbeeninthelabforovertenhours.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)應(yīng)注意句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間連用。如：翻譯：這本書(shū)我從圖書(shū)館已經(jīng)借了兩個(gè)多星期了。誤：Ihavealreadyborrowedthebookforovertwoweeks.正：Ihavealreadykeptthebookforovertwoweeks.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)可采用將非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的方式。如：e—bein/at；go—bein/at;diebedead;borrowkeep;buyhave;joinbein(beamember);leavebeaway等。注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，只是不能與一段時(shí)間連用。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buyhaveborrowkeepopenbeopenclosebeclosedbegin/startbeonebeat/ingobeat/infinish/endbeoverdiebedeadjoinbein/beamemberofleavebeawayfromarrive/reachbein/atgetmarriedbemarried被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、基本情況：英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。二、構(gòu)成：陳述句：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（be有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化）肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)式+？三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。四、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本步驟：1.將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的介詞by的賓語(yǔ).2.將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成“助動(dòng)詞be+該動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”注意時(shí)態(tài)不變。3.助動(dòng)詞要與新的主語(yǔ)保持“數(shù)”的一致；若主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，“格”應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的變化。如：Theworkersmakemachinesinthisfactory.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)其他成分Machinesaremadebytheworkersinthisfactory.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)by的賓語(yǔ)其他成分各種形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：（一）、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞am/is/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Alotofbooksarekeptinourschoollibrary.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Athiefwascaughtlastnight.Theywereaskedtospeakatthemeeting.3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞am/is/are+being+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Anewlibraryisbeingputupintheschoolnow.Themachinesarebeingrepaired.4.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+will/begoingto+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞TheOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingin2008.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+have/has+been+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Mybaghasbeenstolen.Thisairporthasneverbeenused.(二)、雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：含有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，（1）常把那個(gè)指人的間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)；（2）也可把指物的直接賓語(yǔ)用作主語(yǔ)，但此時(shí)必須在間接賓語(yǔ)前面加上介詞to或for。Hegavemeapen.→Iwasgivenapenbyhim.→Apenwasgiventomebyhim.Shedrewthemapictureyesterday.→Theyweredrawnapictureyesterday.→Apicturewasdrawnforthemyesterday.注意：give,pass,lend,write,showtell等動(dòng)詞后的介詞用to；draw,buy,make,find,cook,keep等動(dòng)詞后的介詞用for。（三）復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：若主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子為“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”則變?yōu)椤百e作主，賓補(bǔ)變主補(bǔ)”IaskedhimtohelpmewithmyEnglish.→HewasaskedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.注意：感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)句中其后的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to，但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)to必須還原。Thebossmadeherworkfor16hoursaday.→Shewasmadetoworkfor16hoursbyherbossaday.類(lèi)似的詞有：ask,tell,invent,except,warn,advise,make,let,hear,see,watch,feel,notice.但類(lèi)似seesb.doingsth.的句子則不這樣變：Ihearhimreadingintheroom.→Hewasheardreadingintheroombyme.特殊情況的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

1.帶雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

動(dòng)詞+sb(間賓)+sth(直賓)

口訣：如遇雙賓語(yǔ)，一般變間賓，若把直賓變，to/for間賓連。

1).give/pass/show與介詞to搭配。

givesbsth——sb+begivensth或sth+begiven+tosb.

2).buy/make/cook與介詞for搭配。

buysbsth——sb+bebought+sth或sth+bebought+forsb

Hegavemeabook

I_______________abookbyhim.Abook_________________mebyhim.

Mymothermademeacake.

I____________acakebymymotherAcake_____________mebymymother.Keys:wasgiven;wasgivento;wasmade;wasmadefor

2.帶省to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：動(dòng)詞+sb+dosth.

口訣：感使動(dòng)詞真叫怪，to來(lái)to去記心懷，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)to離去，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)to回來(lái)。

動(dòng)詞：make/let/have/see/hear/feel/watch

makesbdosthsb+be+made+todosth

Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday

Theworkers__________________workalldaybytheboss.Keys:weremadeto

3.see/hear/notice/keep+sb+doingsth句型中變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)doing不變。

IheardTomsingingjustnowTom__________________bymejustnow.Key:washeardsinging

4.以動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)作謂語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。

Weshouldtakecareoftheold.Theoldshould________________________.Key:betakencareof有些詞組沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：sellwell,writewell,ridewell,drivewellwashwell

（四）、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：有些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但要注意，短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的詞組，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟掉詞組末尾的介詞或副詞。Theteacherstakegoodcareofthechildren.→Thechildrenaretakengoodcareof(bytheteachers).Theyhavesentforthedoctor.→Thedoctorhasbeensentfor.(五)、含有情動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(hadbetter,wouldlike,haveto,beableto,begoingto)構(gòu)成：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞” Wemustplanttrees.→Treesmustbeplanted.肯定句：Bookscanbetakenoutofthelibrary.否定句：Bookscan’tbetakenoutofthelibrary.疑問(wèn)句：Canbooksbetakenoutofthelibrary?(六)、以下情況的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：不及物動(dòng)詞及部分短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組(takeplace;happen;breakout;belongto)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因?yàn)闆](méi)有賓語(yǔ)可變作主語(yǔ)。Thestoryhappenedin1999.Afirebrokeoutinhishouse.Thedictionarybelongstome.ThemeetingwilltakeplacenextMonday.=ThemeetingwillbeheldnextMonday.2．表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞（cost;last;take;have;sell;fit;bee等）不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Thepencostsfiveyuan.Coldweatherlastslong.Thiskindofdictionarysellswell.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是一個(gè)不可分割的整體時(shí)。Wehadaswimintheriveryesterday.Theteacherwalkedintotheclassroom.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞不定式或Ving時(shí)。Iwanttowritealetter.Shefinishedreadingthebook.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)。Youshouldtakecareofyourself.Theyoftenhelpeachother.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)起狀語(yǔ)作用時(shí)，表示數(shù)量、長(zhǎng)度、大小、程度、地點(diǎn)、或處所及方位之類(lèi)時(shí)。Thecoatcost100yuan.（表數(shù)量）Ipaidtenyuanforthedictionary.當(dāng)系動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)。（look,seem,sound,smell,taste,feel,get,turn,bee,keep,is,fall等）Helooksworried.Theflowerssmellgood.寫(xiě)作說(shuō)明文1）體裁特點(diǎn)說(shuō)明文寫(xiě)作就是用簡(jiǎn)單的文字說(shuō)明事物的特點(diǎn)、類(lèi)別、構(gòu)造、用途、成因等。它包括廣告、知識(shí)小品、教材、書(shū)文簡(jiǎn)介、理論性概念或定律的解釋。批注：說(shuō)明文實(shí)用性很強(qiáng),它包括廣告、說(shuō)明書(shū)、內(nèi)容提要、規(guī)則章程、解說(shuō)詞、科普說(shuō)明文、文藝性說(shuō)明文等。說(shuō)明文一般介紹事物的形狀、構(gòu)造、類(lèi)別、關(guān)系、功能，解釋事物的原理、含義、特點(diǎn)、演變等。建議任課老師給學(xué)生突出強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明文寫(xiě)作的以下基本特點(diǎn)：解說(shuō)性和條理性。2）技巧點(diǎn)撥寫(xiě)說(shuō)明文要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1．要抓準(zhǔn)特征。對(duì)某一事物予以說(shuō)明，首先要弄清從哪些方面加以說(shuō)明才能準(zhǔn)確地反映被說(shuō)明的事物。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，說(shuō)明事物可以從被說(shuō)明事物的顏色、形狀、形態(tài)；性質(zhì)、性能、習(xí)性；原因、原理；作用、用途、功能；危害、影響；結(jié)構(gòu)；操作過(guò)程；發(fā)生、發(fā)展的規(guī)律等方面著手。但是，每一事物都有它自己的特征，因而顯示出了這一事物與其他一事物的根本區(qū)別，因此，在說(shuō)明事物時(shí)，不要面面俱到，要抓住事物的特征，這樣才能使讀者得到具體而深刻的印象。2．層次要分明。說(shuō)明事物要注意條理，否則就不可能說(shuō)清復(fù)雜的事物。例如說(shuō)明事物的結(jié)構(gòu)，就要按照構(gòu)造的順序來(lái)說(shuō)明，或從上到下，或從前到后，或由外到里，或由主到次。又如說(shuō)明四季的變化，就要按照時(shí)間的順序（spring，summer，autumn，winter）來(lái)寫(xiě)。3．解析要清楚。對(duì)各種知識(shí)所作的解釋?zhuān)瑢?duì)某種事物所作的說(shuō)明，都要清楚明白。4．表現(xiàn)手法要多樣。常見(jiàn)的說(shuō)明文方法有：①下定義。②舉例子。③運(yùn)用比喻、比擬的方法。④做比較。⑤引用數(shù)字。⑥分類(lèi)別。⑦列圖表。5．用詞要力求準(zhǔn)確。引用的數(shù)據(jù)要絕對(duì)可靠，文字要簡(jiǎn)明扼要，一目了然?！揪}精練精講】單選1.Ilikemynewbike.It______verywell.Arides B.isriding C.isridden D.hasridden2.Cotton______niceandsoft.A.isfelt B.isfeeling C.feel D.feels3.Theworld______.Thingsneverstaythesame.A.changes B.ischanging C.waschanging D.willchange4.Haveyouever______LintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?Yes,Ihave.A.wentto B.goneto C.beenin D.beento5.I'msorryyou'vemissedthetrain,It______10minutesago.A.left B.hasleft C.hadleft D.hasbeenleft6.Whocleanedtheblackboardyesterday,Dick?John____________.A.cleaned B.does C.did D.is7.—Mum?MayIgooutandplaybasketball?—______you_____yourhomeworkyet?A.Do;finish B.Are;finishing C.Did;finish D.Have;finished8.—Oh,MrsKing,yournecklacelooksnice.Isitnew?—No,I______itfortwoyears.A.had B.havehad C.bought D.havebought9.—Willyourmother______youifyou______theEnglishexam?—Ofcoursenot.BecauseIamtryingmybest.A.beangrywith,don'tpass B.beangrywith,won'tpassC.beangryto,don'tpass D.beangryto,won'tpass10.Listen!Someofthegirls__________aboutHarryPotter.Let'sjointhem!A.aretalking B.talk C.willtalk D.talked11.Ourteacher,MissChen,__________Englishontheradiothedaybeforeyesterday.A.teaches B.taught C.willteach D.hadtaught12.Idon'tthinkI__________youinthatdressbefore.A.haveseen B.wasseeing C.saw D.see13.Shewillhaveaholidayassoonasshe___________theworknextweek.A.finishes B.doesn'tfinish C.willfinish D.won'tfinish14.WhereisMrGreennow?Ihaven'tseenhimforafewdays.He___________toHongKong.A.goes B.willgo C.isgoing D.hasgone15.Whenshewas22yearsold,herdreamtobeateacher____________.A.cametrue B.etrue C.camereal D.ereal16.Iwon'tetothepartyunlessSue______,too.

YoumeanifSueesyou'lle?A.willinvite B.invites C.invited D.isinvited17.Doyoustillhaveaheadache,Billy?

No,it's______.I'mallrightnow,mum.A.dropped B.run C.left D.gone18.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somephotos______byAfricanchildren.A.aretaken B.weretaken C.taken D.havebeentaken19.AtalkonChinesehistory___intheschoolhallnextweek.A.begiven B.hasbeengiven C.willbegiven D.willgive20.Youmaygofishingifyourwork____________.A.isdone B.willbedone C.hasdone D.havedone21.TheOlympicGames,firstcelebratedinAthensin1896,

everyfouryears________sofarthiscentury,exceptduringthetwoworldwars.A.areheld

B.wereheld

C.havebeenheld

D.hadbeenheld

22．Anewcinema____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuilt B.isbuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.isbeingbuilt23．Thenewsuspensionbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesigned B.hadbeendesigned C.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned24．Visitors______nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequest B.request C.arerequesting D.arerequested25．—Weretheygoodtoyouduringyourstaythere?—Sure!I________oneofthefamilythere.A.wastreatedas B.wastreatedlike C.hadbeenlookedonlike D.hadbeenconsideredlike【參考答案】1.A"ride"用作不及物動(dòng)詞，有一種用法，就是表示"（車(chē)、馬等）騎起來(lái)感覺(jué)如何"，本題正是這個(gè)用法，所以，用另外三種形式都不合適。2.D自然規(guī)律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。3.B"Thingsneverstaythesame."表明世界是運(yùn)動(dòng)的。所以應(yīng)該說(shuō)"世界在變"。用進(jìn)行時(shí)。4.D語(yǔ)境表明是"曾經(jīng)去過(guò)"，ever是"曾經(jīng)"的意思。5.A"10minutesago"決定用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。6.依上下文選用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。7.Dyet一般多與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。8.Bfor引導(dǎo)表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)一般同完成時(shí)態(tài)連用，had這里是"買(mǎi)"的意思，不用havebought，是因?yàn)閎uy是短暫動(dòng)詞，不同完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。9.Abeangrywith意思是"同生氣"；含條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。10.A"Listen!"表明動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。11.Bthedaybeforeyesterday是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志。12.A副詞before一般與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。13.A含時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。14.Dhasgone用于指"去某地了"（現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話(huà)的地方）。15.Aetrue意思是"成為現(xiàn)實(shí)"。主從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。16.D根據(jù)上下文意思，邀請(qǐng)的人不是Sue，"Sue"和"I"都是被邀請(qǐng)的對(duì)象，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。17.D說(shuō)"病好了，癥狀消失了"多用"begone"。18.C根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，"Somephotos"不是句子的主語(yǔ)，所以A、B、D三個(gè)用作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不能用在這里。"taken"這里是"過(guò)去分詞"，連同后面的詞，一起作"Somephotos"的定語(yǔ)。19.C主語(yǔ)是"Atalk"決定了動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，nextweek決定了要用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。20.A主語(yǔ)是work,又依語(yǔ)言環(huán)境用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。21.A.奧運(yùn)會(huì)作主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，敘述一般事實(shí)要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。22.D從后一分句Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth可知，電影院此刻正在建設(shè)中。故應(yīng)選D。23.B句中有“bytheendof+過(guò)去時(shí)間”結(jié)構(gòu)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。句子的主語(yǔ)是物，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。其正確答案為B。24.D分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的主語(yǔ)承受謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作，故本句應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。應(yīng)選D。25.A談話(huà)涉及的是過(guò)去的情況，故使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。treat…as．．．意為“把……當(dāng)作……”。詞匯（非一空一詞）1.QianXuesen(consider)as“FatherofMissile(導(dǎo)彈)inChina”.

2.Teenagersshould(allow)tochoosetheirownclothes.

3.Theoldcar(produce)inGermanyinthe1960s.

4.Librariesorreadingcorners(build)inhopeprimaryschoolsalongthewayofLongMarchinafewyears.

5.Markwastheonlystudentthat(choose)toattendthemeeting.

6.UsuallyTVprogrammes(record)firstandsentoutlater.

7.Tea(bring)toWesterncountriesinthe19thcentury.

8.—Itissaidthataspacestation(build)ontheMoon.

—Howamazing!Butitmaytakealongtime,Iguess.9.Nowadaysskylanterns(see)asbrightsymbolsofgoodluck.

10.—Look!Somanystudentsarewaitingoutsidetheschoolgate.—That’strue.Perhapsthegatemay(open)alittleearlierinthemorning.

1.isconsidered2.beallowed3.wasproduced4.willbebuilt5.waschosen6.arerecorded7.wasbrought8.willbebuilt9.areseen10.beopened三、作文隨著現(xiàn)代科技發(fā)展，機(jī)器人已經(jīng)來(lái)到我們身邊，給人們生活帶來(lái)便利。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表所述內(nèi)容，介紹家用機(jī)器人基本情況，并就如何更好地利用機(jī)器人為我們服務(wù)提出建議。簡(jiǎn)介家用機(jī)器人外觀時(shí)尚，使用范圍廣泛，受到人們的歡迎。主要功能1.煮飯、清掃房間；2.照顧、陪伴老人；3.處理緊急事件，撥打拯救生命。存在問(wèn)題1.技術(shù)不夠成熟，存在安全隱患；2.價(jià)格偏高，普通家庭消費(fèi)不起。你的建議……（至少兩點(diǎn)）參考詞匯：家用機(jī)器人householdrobots要求：1）表達(dá)清楚，語(yǔ)法正確，上下文連貫；2）必須包括表格中所有的相關(guān)信息，并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；3）詞數(shù)：100詞左右（征文的開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；4）不得使用真實(shí)姓名、校名和地名等。Withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,robotshaveenteredourlives,whichbringsgreatconveniencetous.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion:Withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,robotshaveenteredourlives,which