Unit4BodyLanguage單詞用法講解講義高二英語人教版選擇性

Unit4BodyLanguage詞匯講解varyvi(根據(jù)情況)變化；改變；（大小、形狀等）相異，不同聯(lián)想拓展含有vary的其他常用搭配varyinsth在某方面不同varywith...隨著…的變化而變化varyfrom...to...由…到…不等Thestudents’workvariesconsiderablyinquality.學生作業(yè)的質(zhì)量甚是參差不齊。Themenuvarieswiththeseason.菜單隨季節(jié)而變動。Thenumberoftheaddedflightsvariesfromyeartoyearaccordingtothedemandshownbyflightticketbookingsystems.根據(jù)機票預訂系統(tǒng)顯示的需求，新增航班的數(shù)量每年都在變化。聯(lián)想詞①varietyn.變化；多樣化；種類avarietyof/varietiesof各種各樣的②variousadj.各種不同的；各種各樣的appropriateadj.合適的；恰當?shù)某Ｒ娪梅╞eappropriateto/for適合…Itisappropriate(forsb)todosth(對于某人來說）做某事合適Hisformalstyleofspeakingwasappropriatetotheoccasion.他鄭重其事的講話方式適合那個場合。Herclothesarenotappropriateforthisformalparty.她的衣服不適合這個正式的聚會。Itwouldnotbeappropriateformetodiscussthatnow.現(xiàn)在我不宜討論此事。聯(lián)想詞appropriatelyadv.適當?shù)豤ontrast=1\*GB3①n.對比；對照常用搭配by/incontrast相比之下incontrastwith/to與…形成對比Thecoastalareashavemildwinters,butbycontrastthecentralplainsbeeextremelycold.沿海地區(qū)冬天天氣溫和，但相比之下，中部平原卻變得極其寒冷。Incontrastwith/toyourbeliefthatwewillfail,Iamconfidentthatwewillsucceed.你認為我們會失敗，與你的想法相反,我相信我們會成功。②vt.對比；對照vi.形成對照常用搭配contrast...with...把..與…作對比contrastsharply/strikinglywith...與…截然不同Inherspeechshecontrastedtheteam'soptimisticpromiseswithitsdismalachievements.她在講話中把團隊樂觀的許諾與其糟糕的成績作了對比。approvevi贊成；同意vt.批準；通過常用搭配approveof贊成；同意approveofsb/sb'sdoingsth同意某人做某事Iapproveofyourtryingtoearnsomemoney,butpleasedon'tignoreyourstudies.我贊成你去嘗試著掙一些錢，但請不要荒廢了你的學業(yè)。聯(lián)想詞①approvingadj.贊成的；贊許的=2\*GB3②approvaln.認可；贊成；同意Shedesperatelywantedtowinherfather'sapproval.她急不可待地想贏得她父親的贊同。③disapprovev.不贊成；不同意④disapprovaln.不贊成；反對employvt.使用；應用；雇用常用搭配employsbas.../todo...雇某人當······/做···beemployedin(doing)sth/employoneselfin(doing)sth花時間于（做）某事；忙于（做）某事Themanageremployedthegirlashisassistant.經(jīng)理雇用這個女孩當他的助理。Aftergraduation,Cathywasemployedtotakecareoftheoldinthenursinghome.畢業(yè)后，凱茜受雇在養(yǎng)老院照顧老人。Employedinanimportantmeeting,hehasnotimetogobackhome由于忙于參加一個重要會議，他沒時間回家。反義詞fire/dismissvt.解雇聯(lián)想詞①employmentn.雇用；受雇②employern.雇主③employeen.雇員④unemployedadj.失業(yè)的；沒有工作的⑤unemploymentn.失業(yè)differvi.相異；不同于常用搭配differfrom...與······不同differin...在······方面不同differwithsb(about/on/oversth)(在某事／某物上）與某人意見相左Thestoryhetoldthepolicedifferedfromtheonehetoldhismother.他跟警察講的事情和跟他媽媽講的不一樣。特別注意differ為不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。Thetwoorganizationshavecertainsimilaritiesbuttheydifferinthewaytheyfunction.這兩個組織有一定的相似之處，但運作方式不同。Tomdifferswithyouonthispoint.在這一點上湯姆與你意見不一致。聯(lián)想詞①differencen.差別；不同（之處）makea/some/nodifference(tosb/sth)(對某人／某事物）有／有些／沒有影響Thedifferenceintheiragesseemedunimportant.他們年齡上的差異似乎并不重要。Itmakesnodifferencetouswhetherheresignsornot.他是否辭職對我們沒有影響。=2\*GB3②differentadj.不同的；相異的bedifferentfrom...與…不同parisonn.比較常用搭配byparison(with...)（與…)相比較make/drawaparison作比較inparisonwith/to...和...相比ByparisonwithotherEuropeancountries,carpricesintheUKareveryhigh.和其他歐洲國家相比，英國的汽車價格非常高。Iammoreinterestedinteachingliteracyandhistoryinparisontomathsandscience.相比數(shù)學和科學而言，我對教識字和歷史更感興趣。聯(lián)想詞parev.比較；對比；把…比作paredwith/to...和…相比pareAwithB把A和B作比較pareAtoB把A比作BAlreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,paredwith189foralloflastyear.與去年全年的189例相比，今年美國已經(jīng)報告了115例麻疹病例。pareyourhomeworkwithotherstudents’,andyou'llfindthemistakesyou'vemade.把你的作業(yè)和其他同學的比較一下，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)你犯的錯誤。Poetshavepareddeathtosleep.詩人把死亡比作睡眠。8.favourvt.較喜歡；選擇；有利于n.[c]幫助；恩惠［U]贊同；偏愛Thecurrenteconomydoesnotfavourthedevelopmentofsmallbusinesses.當前的經(jīng)濟對小企業(yè)的發(fā)展不利。Iwouldneveraskforanyfavoursfromher.我再也不會請她幫任何忙了。Asaspecialfavour,I'llletyoustayuplatetonight.作為對你的特殊眷顧，我允許你今晚晚睡。Hedidallhecouldtowinherfavour.他盡最大努力去贏得她的好感。常用搭配infavourof支持，禁同inone'sfavour對某人有利owesbafavour欠某人一個人情returnthefavour報答asksbafavour(=askafavourofsb)請某人幫忙dosbafavour(=doafavourforsb)幫某人一個忙However,othersareinfavouroftheinclusionbecauseitishardtosaywhetheritwillthreatentheChineselanguage.然而，其他人支持此次收錄，因為很難說它是否會對漢語造成成脅.oneofourcorevaluesisthatweaccepttheouteofaprocesswhichhasbeenagreedupon,whetherornottheouteisinourfavour.我們的核心價值觀之一是，我們接受已商定的進程結(jié)果，無論結(jié)果是否有利于我們。Onlyonevictormaybecrowned.Goodluck.Andmaytheoddsbeeverinyourfavour.只能有一名勝利者，祝你們好運，愿好運永遠券顧你。I'llaskStevetotakeit.Heowesmeafavour.我要讓史蒂夫接受，他欠我一個人情。Manythanks!I'llreturnthefavoursometime!多謝！改天我會還你人情！CanIaskafavour?請幫個忙行嗎？Couldyoudomeafavourandturnoffthatlight?你能幫我個忙把那盞燈關(guān)掉嗎？聯(lián)想詞①favourableadj.給人好印象的；贊同的；有利的favouriteadj.最喜歡的n.特別喜愛的人（或事物）

9.breakdown消除；分解；打破；出故障；拋錨；失敗；崩潰；垮掉聯(lián)想拓展break的用法①n.破裂；間歇；休息；中斷；暫停take/haveabreak休息一會兒withoutabreak連續(xù)不斷地②v.(broke,broken)(使）破，裂，碎；損壞；中斷breakarecord打破紀錄breakone'spromise食言breakawayfrom逃脫；掙脫breakin強行進入；打斷談話breakinto強行闖人；突然開始（笑、唱等）breakoff折斷；停頓；中斷breakout爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生breakthrough突破；沖破；克服breakup解散；(學校）放假；結(jié)束；粉碎聯(lián)想詞brokenadj.破碎的；破損的；不連續(xù)的10.angern.[U]憤怒；怒氣；怒火常用搭配angeratsb/sth因某人／某事物生氣inanger憤怒地（作狀語）Themostawkwardemailmistakeisusuallymittedinanger.最尷尬的電子郵件失誤通常是在憤怒中造成的。②vt.使生氣；激怒常用搭配angersb激怒某人beangeredat/bysth對某事感到生氣Environmentalgroupsweredisappointedandangeredatthepresident'sdecision.環(huán)保組織對總統(tǒng)的決定感到失望和憤怒。聯(lián)想詞①angryadj.生氣的；憤怒的beangryat/withsb(about/forsth)(因某事）對某人生氣beangryat/about/oversth對某事生氣②angrilyadv.生氣地；憤怒地11.reliableadj.可靠的；可信賴的聯(lián)想詞①relyv.依賴；依靠relyon/upon=dependon/upon=counton/upon依靠；依賴relyon/uponsbtodosth指望某人做某事relyon/uponit+that從句指望／相信。。....Learntorelyonyourselffirst,thenothers.先學會依靠自己，然后再依靠其他人。Wehavetorelyonhimtomakethedesign.我們不得不仰仗著他來進行這項設(shè)計。Youcanrelyonitthathewillhelpyou.你可以相信他會幫你。②reliabilityn.可靠（性）；可信（性）③reliablyadv.可靠地；可信地12.slightadj.略微的；輕微的；細小的；纖細的；瘦小的Iwokeupwithaslightheadache.我醒來時有點頭痛。He'stooslighttoplayfootball.他太瘦小，不能踢足球。常用搭配notintheslightest=notatall毫不；一點也不－Didhemindlendingyouthecar?他介意把汽車借給你嗎？－Notintheslightest.一點都不。聯(lián)想詞slightlyadv.略微；稍微Eachpersonlearnsinaslightlydifferentway.每個人的學習方法都稍有不同。特別注意slightly可用于修飾比較級。Itwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinside.它外面稍軟，里面多汁。13.assessmentn.評價；評定；看法常用搭配assessmentof...對…的看法／評估Thereislittleassessmentofthedamagetothenaturalenvironment.很少有對自然環(huán)境的破壞程度作出的評估。聯(lián)想詞assessvt.評估；評價；評定；估算assess...at...估定…的價值為…assess...as...評定…為…assesshow/whether...評定如何／是否...Theyassessedthevalueofthehouseat$600,000.他們對這所房子的估價為60萬美元。Fiveexpertsassesshowseriousthesituationis.五位專家評估了情況的嚴重程度。14.bendvt.＆vi.(bent,bent)(使）彎曲；（使）傾斜，偏向Hebentforwardtolistentothatchild.他彎下身來聽那孩子說話.Thebranchesoftheappletreesarebendingundertheweightofthefruit.蘋果樹的樹枝都被果實的重量壓彎了。Youhavetobendyourkneestositdown.你得屈膝才能坐下.常用搭配benddown/over彎腰bendone'smind/effortstosth專心致志于某事Hebentdownandpickedupabookfromthefloor.他俯身從地上撿起一本書。Shebenthermindtothejob.她專心致志于這項工作。②n.(尤指道路或河流的）彎道，拐彎Wewatchedashisboatdisappearedbehindabendintheriver.我們看著他的船消失在河流的轉(zhuǎn)彎處。聯(lián)想bentadj.彎曲的；貪贓枉法的They'vebeeincreasinglypoliticallybentovertheyears.這些年來，在政治上他們越來越貪贓枉法。15.inotherwords換句話說；也就是說Newresearchhasfoundthatanimalshavememories,too.Inotherwords,theymightbemuchclevererthanwethought.新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，動物也有記憶。換句話說，它們可能要比我們想的聰明得多。聯(lián)想拓展含有word的其他常見用法inaword簡言之；總之keep/breakone'sword遵守／違背某人的諾言haveawordwithsb與某人交談wordforword逐字逐句wordcamethat...消息傳來...(word意為“消息”時，為不可數(shù)名詞）Inaword,Ilovemyschool.Ifindmyschoollifemoreandmoremeaningfulandcolourful.總之，我愛我的學校，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的學校生活越來越有意義，越來越多姿多彩。Hehadagainfailedtokeephisword.他又食言了。Hefailedtoholdbackhistearswhenwordcamethathisfatherpassedaway.聽到父親去世的消息，他忍不住流下了眼淚。Peoplehaveatendencytoleantowardswhatevertheyareinterestedin.人們往往會向他們感興趣的東西傾斜身體。16.tendencyn.趨勢；傾向；趨向；偏好聯(lián)想詞tendv.往往會；趨向；傾向；照料；照管；護理tendtodosth往往會發(fā)生某事；易于做某事tendto/towards...有…的趨勢；趨于....tend(to)sb/sth照料／照管某人／某事Peopletendtogettogetherwiththeirfamiliesintheweeklongholiday.人們往往會在這一周的假期里和家人聚在一起。17.occupyvt.占據(jù)（空間）；占用（時間）；居??；占領(lǐng)Sheoccupiedabighouse.她住在一座大房子里。Readingoccupiesmostofmyfreetime.閱讀占去了我大部分的空閑時間。Theenemysoonoccupiedthetown.敵人很快占領(lǐng)了這個城鎮(zhèn)。常用搭配occupysbwith(doing)sth/indoingsth使某人忙于（做）某事Sheoccupiedherselfwithroutineofficetasks.她忙于辦公室的日常工作。聯(lián)想詞①occupationn.[C]職業(yè)［U]占用②occupiedadj.忙于······的；被占領(lǐng)的beoccupiedwith(=bebusywith)忙于···beoccupied(in)doingsth(=bebusyindoingsth)忙于做某事He'sfullyoccupiedlookingafterthreesmallchildren.照顧三個小孩把他忙得不可開交。18.stare=1\*GB3①vi.盯著看；凝視常用搭配stareat...盯著…看Generally,it'sconsideredrudetostareatpeople.通常，盯著別人看被認為是很無禮的。Whyareyoustaringatme?你為什么盯著我看？=2\*GB3②n.凝視Shegavehimablankstare.她面無表情地凝視著他。19.perceivevt.察覺；看待；理解；認為常用搭配perceivesb/sthtobe...認為某人／某物是···.perceivesb/sthtodosth察覺到某人／某物做某事perceivesb/sthas...將某人／某物視為······Thepatientwasperceivedtohavedifficultyinbreathing.發(fā)現(xiàn)病人呼吸困難。Thisdiscoverywasperceivedasamajorbreakthrough.這一發(fā)現(xiàn)被視為一項重大突破。聯(lián)想詞perceptionn.知覺；感知；洞察力；看法；見解Heisinterestedinhowourperceptionsofdeathaffectthewaywelive.他感興趣的是我們對死亡的看法如何影響我們的生活。20.distinguishv.=1\*GB3①區(qū)分；辨別；分清Sometimesrealityandfantasyarehardtodistinguish.有時候現(xiàn)實和幻想很難區(qū)分。常用搭配distinguish(between)AandB/distinguishAfromB區(qū)分／辨別／分清A和B=2\*GB3②看清；聽出；認出（不用于進行時）Therewerecries,calls.Hecoulddistinguishvoices.有哭聲、喊聲一他能聽出不同的聲音。③使有特色；使有別于Thereissomethingaboutmusicthatdistinguishesitfromallotherartforms.音樂的某種特質(zhì)使其有別于所有其他藝術(shù)形式。=4\*GB3④使出眾；使受人青睞常用搭配distinguishoneself(assth)使（作為······)出眾／著名／受人青睞Overthenextfewyearshedistinguishedhimselfasaleadingconstitutionalscholar.在接下來的幾年里，他作為一名憲法（研究領(lǐng)域）的杰出學者而聲名揚。聯(lián)想詞distinguishedadj.卓越的；杰出的；顯得重要的；高貴的21.anxietyn.焦慮；擔心；害怕；不安；渴望常用搭配anxietyover/about擔心....deep/greatanxiety嚴重的焦慮；深深的憂慮Thereisgrowingpublicanxietyoverlevelsofairpollutioninourcities.公眾越來越擔心城市中的空氣污染程度。聯(lián)想詞①anxiousadj.焦慮的；擔心的；不安的；渴望的；急切的beanxiousaboutsth/forsb為某事／某人擔心beanxioustodosth渴望做某事beanxiousforsth想要得到某物beanxiousforsbtodosth渴望某人做某事beanxiousthat...希望······Jackstillcan'thelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.杰克仍忍不住對他的工作面試感到擔心。Thefarmersaremoreanxiousforrainthanthepeopleinthecitybecauseitismoreimportanttothem.農(nóng)民比都市人更盼望（下）雨，因為這對他們更為重要。=2\*GB3②anxiouslyadv.焦急地；不安地22.embarrassedadj.難堪的；尷尬的；窘迫的；害羞的be/feelembarrassedabout/at...因······而窘追／燃協(xié)heembarrassedtodosth不好意思做某事Sheisembarrassedaboutherheight.她因自己的身高而困窘。Hefeltembarrassedatbeingthecentreofattention.他因自己成為眾人注目的中心而感到尷尬。Somewomenaretooembarrassedtoconsulttheirdoctorabouttheproblem.有些婦女太害羞，不愿就這個問題向醫(yī)生咨詢。聯(lián)想詞①embarrassvt.使尷尬；使窘迫Itembarrasses/embarrassedsbtodosth做某事使某人尷尬Ididn'twanttoembarrassherinfrontofherfriends.我并不想在她朋友面前讓她感到難堪。Itembarrassedmetohavetogivemyopinioninpublic.不得不當眾表達我的觀點讓我很尷尬。=2\*GB3②embarrassingadj.使人難堪的；令人尷尬的；令人害羞的Thatwasanembarrassingsituationforme.那種情形讓我難堪。=3\*GB3③embarrassmentn.尷尬：難堪：困境：今人為難的事；讓人尷尬的人toone'sembarrassment讓某人尷尬的是Weapologiseforanyembarrassmentthismayhavecaused.我們?yōu)閮?nèi)地可能帶來的尷尬表示歉意。23.ashamedadj.羞愧；慚愧；尷尬；難為情的常用搭配be/feelashamedof(doing)sth因（做）某事而感到羞愧be/feelashamedofyourself為自己感到慚愧be/feelashamedtodosth不好意思做某事；因做某事而感到難為情Ashamedofhisuglyform,thebeasthidhimselfinsidehiscastlewithamagicmirrorashisonlywindowtotheoutsideworld.由于外貌丑陋而自慚形穢，野獸躲在他的城堡里，只用一面魔鏡作為了解外界的唯一窗口。Youshouldbeashamedofyourselffortellingsuchlies.你扯這種謊應該為自己感到羞恥。IwastooashamedtotellherthatIhadfailed.我不好意思告訴她我不及格。聯(lián)想詞①shamen.羞愧；羞恥vt.使慚愧；使羞愧Itisashamethat.../Whatashame...真遺憾／多可惜…Iwillreturn,findyou,loveyou,marryyouandlivewithoutshame.我會回去，找到你，愛你，娶你，光明正大地活著。Youhaveshamedyourfamily.你使你的家庭蒙受了恥辱。②shamefuladj.可恥的（可作表語、定語）③shamelessad