2022-2023學(xué)年山東省聊城市高三（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（含解析）

2022-2023學(xué)年山東省聊城市高三（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

題號(hào)一二三四五總分

得分

注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇

題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡

皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在試卷

上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共分）

A

Withawaveofredesignedeco-friendlyhotelsopeningacrossthecountry,it*stimetoenjoya

wonderfulhotelstayduringyourtravel.AffordablehotelsacrossAustraliaareliftingthebar

withoutliftingthepricetag,astheysharpentheirfacilities,styling,locationsandfoodina

bidtoattractusthroughthefrontdoor.Thefollowingaresomewonderfulhotelsforyourkeen

stayduringtravel.VOCOMELBOURNECENTRALAstylishnew-buildhotellieswithin

Melbourne'sbeatingheart,withbig-cityviews,windowsthatactuallyopen,aheatedpooland

astrongsustainabilityfocusincludingbeddingmadefromrecycledplastics,andbamboobikes.

From$251,THEBENSON,CAIRNSForloversofAmericana,the

locally-owned,101-roomhotelchannelsaMiami-Floridabeachvibewithastylishartdeco

slant,withlivemusicandarooftopbar,decoratedwithrecycledmaterials.Thefour-star,

city-centrehotelisfiveminutesfromtheesplanade.From$220,.auAC

BYMARRIOTTMELBOURNESOUTHBANKASpanishflavour,urbaneroomdesignand

expansiveviewsovertheMelbourneCBDskyline,allsetashorttramridefromFlindersSt

Station,whichhelpsreduceyourcarbonfootprint.From$220,

HOLIDAYINNEXPRESS&SUITES,SUNSHINE

COASTOpenedinMaroochydoreinMay,thenewestenergy-savingHIEincludessuites

designedforlongerstays,withkitchenettesandseparatelivingroomsgreatfortravelling

familiesorcouples.From$239,

1.Whichhotelmaybethebestchoiceforamusiclover?

A.THEBENSON,CAIRNSB.VOCOMELBOURNECENTRALC.ACBY

MARRIOTTMELBOURNESOUTHBANKD.HOLIDAYINNEXPRESS&SUITES,

SUNSHINECOAST

2.Whatdothesehotelshaveincommon?

A.Theyallhaveseaviewrooms.B.Theyallhavegoodreputations.C.Theyareall

environmentallyfriendly.D.Theyarealllocatedinthecitycenter.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atravelwebsite.B.Anartposter.C.Atraveljournal.D.Asciencemagazine.

B

AColoradowomanwholostthediamondengagementringgiventoherbyherfianceshortly

beforehediedwasreunitedwiththepreciousitemweekslaterbyamanwhofounditinthe

mud.RaquelAikensaidshehadjustfinishedagameoftennisinDenverafewweeksagowhen

sheapparentlydroppedherringonthegroundwhilefishingherkeysoutofherpurse.Shesaid

shedidn'trealizewhathadhappeneduntilmuchlater.AikentoldKDVR-TVabouthermissing

ring,andthestorycametotheattentionofDudeOlguin,anemployeeatBreweryBarIIin

Denver,whenheoverheardsomecustomerstalkingaboutit.Olguinsaidhewonderedifthe

womanfromthestorywastheowneroftheringherecentlyfound.nIwasgettingreadytogoto

mythirdjobthenextday.Iwasjustgoingtomycar,andIjusthappenedtolookdown,"Olguin

toldKDVR-TV."Myfirstreaction,youknow,temptation——maybegopawnitortofinda

jewelertotellmemoreaboutit,"hesaid."Butreally,myfaithtoldmejusttoholdontoitand

justwaitandlisten.'1OlguinaskedAikentomeethimattherestaurant."Hewenttohiscar,

andcamebackwiththering,"Aikensaid."ImmediatelyIwasintears,Icouldn'tbelieveit.ITs

amiracle,"Shesaidthereturnoftheringwasespeciallymeaningful."Itdefinitelyreconnected

meagainwithmyfiance,“Aikensaid."Thefactofwhereitwasfoundandhowitwasfound

andanemployeethatworkshereataplaceheloves.Thewholeconnectionisreally,really

amazingandatrueblessing."Olguindeclinedarewardforthering*sreturn."Itoldher,the

paymentformeisourfriendship,andwe'regoingtobelifetimefriends,“Olguinsaid.

4.WhatcausedAikentolosethediamondring?

A.Herforgetfulness.B.Hercarelessness.C.Herbrokenpurse.D.Herplayingtennis.

5.WhatwasOlguin'sfirstreactionafterfindingthering?

A.Hechosetofollowhisfaith.B.Hewantedtokeepitforhimself.C.Hewantedto

returnittoitsowner.D.HeaskedAikentomeethimimmediately.

6.WhydidthediamondringmeanalottoAiken?

A.Itwasapricelesscollection.B.Ilwasasymboloffriendship.C.Itremindedherofher

fiance.D.Itwaswelldesignedbyherfiance.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ThelostdiamondringfoundinthemudB.Thelostdiamondringreturnedbya

strangerC.Kindness—aqualitytospreadinacommunityD.Kindness—aqualitytopay

forwardamongstrangers

c

Scientistsestimatethatmorethan95percentofEarth*soceanshaveneverbeenobserved,

whichmeanswehaveseenlessofourplanet'soceanthanwehavethefarsideofthemoonor

thesurfaceofMars.Thehighcostofpoweringanunderwatercameraforalongtime,bytying

ittoaresearchboatorsendingashiptorechargeitsbatteries,isasteepchallengepreventing

widespreadunderseaexploration.MITresearchershavetakenamajorsteptoovercomethis

problembydevelopingabattery-free,wirelessunderwatercamerathatisabout100,000times

morethanotherunderseacameras.Thedevicetakescolorphotos,evenindarkunderwater

environments,andtransmitsimagedatawirelesslythroughthewater.Theautonomouscamera

ispoweredbysound.lttransformsmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthrough

waterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.After

capturingandencoding（編碼）imagedata,thecameraalsousessoundwavestotransmit

datatoareceiverthatreconstructstheimage.Becauseitdoesn'tneedapowersource,the

cameracouldrunforweeksonendbefore,enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsofthe

oceanfornewspecies.ltcouldalsobeusedtocaptureimagesofoceanpollutionormonitorthe

healthandgrowthoffishraisedinaquaculturefarms.*'Oneofthemostexcitingapplicationsof

thiscameraformepersonallyisinthecontextofclimatemonitoring.Wearebuildingclimate

models,butwearemissingdatafromover95percentoftheocean.Thistechnologycouldhelp

usbuildmoreaccurateclimatemodelsandbetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactsthe

underwaterworld,"saysFadelAdib,associateprofessorintheDepartmentofElectrical

EngineeringandComputerScience.

8.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?

A.Theintroductionofnewbatteries.B.Theemphasisonscientists'leadingwork.C.The

advertisementforunderwatercameras.D.Thedifficultyofwidespreadundersea

exploration.

9.Howisthecamerapowered?

A.Itischargedbybatteries.B.Itusessoundwavestotransmitdata.C.Itchangessound

wavesintowaterenergy.D.Itchangesmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"retrieval"meaninparagraph4?

A.Beingfetched.B.Beingdestroyed.C.Beingoutofcontrol.D.Beingreconstructed.

11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMITresearchers'camera?

A.Itaffectsclimatechangeefficiently.B.Itwillbewidelyusedinsomefields.C.Itwill

helpknowmoreaboutMars*climate.D.Itmonitorsthehealthandgrowthofnewspecies.

D

It*soneoftheultimatetestsofwillpower：you'vebeenwanderingaroundthemarketforhours

andyouYetiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchasmellofsomethingfragrant（香的）and

delicious,probablyfriedandalmostcertainlyfattening.Junkfoodcompaniesarewellaware

thatthesmelloftheirproductsetsoffadesireinyourbrainandthatyoullpayforthatlater.ltis

aresponsethathasbeenresearched,andyou'dbetterbelieveyourfavoritefast-foodchains

havemarketingteamsthatareusingthatresearchtotheiradvantage.Let'stakeacloserlookat

thisprocess.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhateverindulgentfood（放縱型食品）catchesyour

attentiontendstobemostappealingjustafteryoufirstsmellit?Acoupleofminuteslateryou

arestandinginline,anditisn'tquiteasappealingasitwasjustmomentsago,butnowyou've

investedtime,soyoutrustyourfirstfeelingtotreatyourself.Butarecentstatementsaysthat

thisisactuallytherightmomenttowalkaway.DipayanBiswas,amarketingprofessor,found

thereisadirectconnectionbetweenhowlongapersonisexposedtoindulgentfoodsmellsand

choosinghealthierfoods."Theresultsofaseriesofexperimentsshowthatextendedexposure

ofmorethantwominutestojunkfoodsmellsleadstofewerpurchasesofunhealthyfoods

comparedwithnosmelloranon-junk-food-relatedsmell,“readsthesummaryofhisstudy.

Whatappearstobegoingonhereisthatthebraindoesn'tnecessarilydistinguishbetweena

pleasurablesmellandapleasanttaste."Extendedexposuretoanindulgentfoodsmellbrings

pleasureinthemind,whichinturnreducesthedesireforactualconsumptionofindulgent

foods,"heexplains.Sonexttimeyoufeelyoudon'thavethewillpowertoresistcookies,smell

allthatsweetnessforjustaminuteortwo.Toyourbrainit'sthesameasactuallyeatingcookies,

andthepurchasedesirewoulddecrease.

12.Whatcanwelearnaboutjunkfoodsmellsfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Theyhardlyaffectpeople'sfoodchoices.B.Theycanmakeadifferencein

markeling.C.Theyareunlikelytofoolwisecustomers.D.Theyfinallydecreasepeople's

purchasedesire.

13.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphbasicallyserveas?

A.Anexample.B.Anargument.C.Acomparison.D.Acomment.

14.WhichstatementwillBiswasprobablyagreewith?

A.Theinfluenceoffoodsmellschangesovertime.B.Thesensesoftasteandsmellare

closelylinked.C.Thebehaviorofsmellingfooddoesn'tequaleatingit.D.Thebraincan't

tellwheresensorypleasureisfrom.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TrainyourbraintoresistjunkfbodB.SmellsofjunkfoodcankeepyouoffitC.Watch

outfortrickymarketingtoolsD.Foodaddictionisneveraboutwillpower

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共分)

Somepeopleloveagreatthunderstorm：othersarefrightenedbythefirstflashoflightningor

soundofthunder.(1)Butthereareeasystepsyoucantaketoprotectyourhomeandyourlife

fromlightning.ProtectElectronicsfromSevereWeather(2)Itcanfollowthewiresorphone

linesintoyourroom—ruiningcomputers,TVsandotherelectronics.Oneprotectionagainst

electronicsbeing"fried"bylightningissimplytounplugthemwheneverarainorastormis

coming.DisconnectInternetandsatellitedishconnectionsnomatterwheretheyare.Reducethe

RiskofFireLightningrods(避雷針)canprotectabuildingfromcatchingfire.(3)Theyjust

provideapathfortheelectricitytoreachthegroundmoresafely.Therodsatthetopofthe

buildingareonlythefirstpartofagoodsystem.Whenlightningstrikes,theelectricityneedsto

movetotheground.Wiresconductelectricityfromthelightningrodstometalrodsburiedinthe

ground.(4)UnderstandLightningWhenlightninghitstheground,atree,atowerorevena

building,itmayalsospreadsalongtheground,sobeingnearsomethingthat'sstruckby

lightningisalmostasdangerousasbeinghitdirectlybylightning.(5)TheEmpireState

Buildinggetsstruckbylightningaround20timeseveryyear.Itslightningrodprotectsthe

structure,aswellasthepeopleinside.A.Itcanevenstrikethesamespotmorethanonce.

B.Youmightwanttoconsiderprotectinganentirebuilding.C.Whenthishappens,anything

initspathcouldbeindanger.D.Butthechanceoflightningstrikingyourhousedoesn*tchange.

E.Eachconnectionmustbesecuresolightningdoesn*tjumptothebuilding.F.Lightning

hittingyourroofornearbypowerlinesisterriblebutnotworst.G.Whetheryouloveorhate

them,thunderstormsproducedangerouslightning.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共分)

JimMclngvalewatchedinhorrorasHurricaneIdamadelandfall,hittingLouisiana.Forhim,

it⑵)onething：Timeto"getinthegame".Mclngvale,whoownsGalleryFurniturein

Houston,quicklycalledfor(22)ofnecessitieslikefoodandwater.Thenheandhisworkers(23)

everytrucktotakethemtoLouisiana,"Fiveyearsago,Louisiana(24)tousHoustoniansduring

HurricaneHarvey,so(25),it'stherightthingtodotohelpourneighbors,HMclngvalesaid.He

alsoopenedhisfurnitureshowroomto(26)manyfamilies.AnaLeeisamongthosehaving

been(27)tothestorm.HedrovetoGalleryFurnitureafterbeingtoldaboutMclngvale's(28)."I

waswarmlyreceived,"Leesaid.HIfsa(29)tomeetsomebodylikehim,"Peoplewholinedup

tohelpoutsaidtheydidsoafter(30)watchingMclngvalehelpthoseinneed.ChrisOglewas

oneofthem(31)byMclngvale.Hehelpedputting(32)ontotrucksaftergivingawaysome

bottledwatertothe(33).Hesaid,"IfyouknewMclngvale,youwouldn*tbe(34)bythelong

linesofpeoplewaitingtocontribute.(35),thiswasnotthefirsttimehehadhelpedfreely."

21.A.meantB.provedC.stressedD.affected

22.A.introductionsB.preparationsC.distributionsD.donations

23.A.checkedB.emptiedC.loadedD.cleaned

24.A.cameupB.madeupC.stuckoutD.reachedout

25.A.inreturnB.ingeneralC.atlastD.atheart

26.A.feedB.comfortC.shelterD.examine

27.A.usedB.directedC.subjectedD.challenged

28.A.generosityB.honestyC.braveryD.sympathy

29.A.chanceB.pleasureC.planD.dream

30.A.accidentallyB.frequentlyC.curiouslyD.carefully

31.A.supportedB.approachedC.persuadedD.inspired

32.A.productsB.clothesC.suppliesD.bottles

33.A.effortB.companyC.serviceD.battle

34.A.touchedB.surprisedC.excitedD.delighted

35.A.ObviouslyB.HopefullyC.EventuallyD.Actually

第n卷(非選擇題)

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共分)

36.Ifyourcountrydoesnothaveitsowntree-plantingday,maybeyoushouldsuggestit

onsocialmedia!Thatis(1)onemaninTurkeyrecentlydid.OnTwitter,Enes

Sahinsuggested(2)(set)asideadayforplantingtreesinTurkey.Heasked

otherstosupporthisidea.Andtheydid.Histweet(3)(quick)wentviral.Sahin

wrote,"Let'sdedicateadayforall82millionpeopleinthecountry,includingthechildren

andtheelderly,toplanttrees.Let'sset(4)exampletotheworldandhanddown

agreencountrytotheupcominggenerations."Turkishofficialstooknotice.Rumeysa

Kada,Turkey'syoungestelecteddeputy,tweeted,"Thisisan(5)(amaze)idea.

Itwillbeonouragendafortomorrow.Kadaklater(6)(meet)withSahinto

discusshisidea.ThentheTurkishPresidentlatersenthisownmessageonTwitter.He

wrote,"MyfriendsandIwillundertake(7)(responsible)tomakesurethat

wehaveanationaltree-plantingday."Evenifyourcountrydoesnothaveanyspecialday

(8)eventsfortreeplanting,youcanalwaysgoitalone!CanadianKenChaplin

holdstheworldrecordforthemosttrees(9)(plant)inonedaybyasingle

person.OnJune30,2001,heplanted15,170redpineseedlingsby(10)(he)

inCanada'sSaskatchewanprovince.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共分)

37.你校落實(shí)教育部”每位學(xué)生掌握1至2項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)技能”的要求，為全校學(xué)生開(kāi)設(shè)豐

富的體育課程。請(qǐng)你給學(xué)校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：（1）選擇的課程及原

因；（2）個(gè)人的收獲及感受。注意：（1）寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；（2）請(qǐng)按如下

格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整

的短文。AfternoonwasMrs.Conroy*sfavoritetimeofday.Afteraday'shardwork,her

eyesweretiredandherfeethurt.Sheenjoyedthenicelongnapshetookonthebus.Mrs.

Conroyhadmadefriendswiththebusdriver,Mr.Angstrom.Healwayswokeherup

beforeherstop.Sheusuallyfeltfreshwhenshegotoffthebus.Buttodaywasdifferent.

Mr.Angstromwasn'tdriving.Asmallmaninawrinkleduniformsatinthedriver'sseat.

"Where'sMr.Angstrom?”askedMrs.Conroy,droppinghermoneyintothebox."Idon't

know.Sick,Iguess.Ijustworkhere,lady."Steptothebackseat.Mrs.Conroyhopedthat

Mr.Angstromwasallright.Shedidn'tlikethisnewdriver.Shedecidednottosleeponthe

wayhometoday.Shedidn'twanttoaskthisdrivertowakeher.Hedidn'tlooklikethetype

who'dwanttodoanyoneafavor.Mrs.Conroytriedtokeephereyesopen,butthegentle

rockingofthebushadacalmeffect.Withinafewminuteshereyesclosed.Withherhead

droppingtohershoulders,Mrs.Conroyfellfastasleep.ThenextthingMrs.Conroyknew,

ahandwasonhershoulder.Someonewasshakingherawake.MWakeup,lady.We've

cometotheendoftheline.Wakeup."Mrs.Conroyblinked（眨眼）andopenedhereyes.

Thebusdriverlookeddownather."Timeforyoutogetoffthebus."Mrs.Conroypeered

outthewindow."WhereamI?'*sheasked.,rIwassupposedtogetoffatEssexAvenue/*

“You'reatthelaststop,lady.Comeon,getoffthebus.IhaveascheduletokeeptoJMrs.

Conroywashavingtroublewakingup.Thebusdrivertookherarmandhelpedherdown

thebus."Waitaminute,"shesaidinasharpvoice."Thisisn'tEssexAvenue.WhereamI?

HowcanIgethome?""Canyouridemeback?”shebegged."Sorry,lady.It'sagainst

therules."hesaidasheclosedthedoor.注意：（1）續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；（2）

請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Mrs.Conroywatchedthebusdisappeardown

theroad.________

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、A

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的第一句ForloversofAmericana,the

locally-owned,101-roomhotelchannelsaMiami-Floridabeachvibewithastylishartdeco

slant,withlivemusicandarooftopbar,decoratedwithrecycledmaterials.（對(duì)于熱愛(ài)美國(guó)

文化的人來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)?shù)厝怂鶕碛械?01個(gè)房間的客房通過(guò)以時(shí)尚的藝術(shù)裝飾風(fēng)格，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音

樂(lè)和屋頂酒吧，來(lái)營(yíng)造邁阿密佛羅里達(dá)海灘的氛圍，它們都是由廢舊材料裝飾的。）可

知，對(duì)于音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者的最好選擇是THEBENSON,CAIRNSo故選A。（2）推理判斷

題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Withawaveofredesignedeco-friendlyhotelsopeningacrossthe

country,it'stimetoenjoyawonderfulhotelstayduringyourtravel.（隨著帶有—-股重新設(shè)

計(jì)的環(huán)保浪潮的酒店在全國(guó)各地開(kāi)業(yè)，是時(shí)候在旅行中享受美妙的酒店住宿了。）可知，

文中酒店的共同點(diǎn)就是環(huán)保。故選Co（3）文章出處題。根據(jù)每個(gè)小標(biāo)題最后出現(xiàn)的

網(wǎng)址，可以推斷出這篇文章出自旅游網(wǎng)站。故選A。這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了澳大

利亞一些性?xún)r(jià)比高的環(huán)保住宿酒店。1.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文

中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題

是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行

轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，

可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜

合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章取義。

4~7.【答案】B、B、C、B

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段RaquelAikensaidshehadjuslfinishedagameof

tennisinDenverafewweeksagowhensheapparentlydroppedherringonthegroundwhile

fishingherkeysoutofherpurse.Shesaidshedidn'trealizewhathadhappeneduntilmuchlater.

（RaquelAiken表示，幾周前，她剛剛在丹佛打完一場(chǎng)網(wǎng)球，顯然是在從錢(qián)包里掏出鑰

匙時(shí):戒指掉在了地上。她說(shuō)她直到很久以后才意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么）可知艾肯的粗心大

意導(dǎo)致她丟失了鉆石戒指。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Myfirstreaction,

youknow,temptation——maybegopawnitortofindajewelertotellmemoreaboutit,"hesaid.

（“我的第一反應(yīng)，你知道，誘惑——也許去典當(dāng)它，或者找一個(gè)珠寶商告訴我更多關(guān)

于它的事情，“他說(shuō)）可知，Olguin發(fā)現(xiàn)戒指后的第一反應(yīng)是想把它據(jù)為己有。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Shesaidthereturnoftheringwasespecially

meaningful."Itdefinitelyreconnectedmeagainwithmyfiance,"Aikensaid.（她說(shuō)，戒指

的回歸特別有意義。艾肯說(shuō)：“這絕對(duì)讓我和我的未婚夫再次聯(lián)系在了一起?！保┛芍?，

鉆戒對(duì)艾肯來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大是因?yàn)檫@讓她想起了她的未婚夫。故選C。（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。

根據(jù)第一段AColoradowomanwholostthediamondengagementringgiventoherbyher

fianceshortlybeforehediedwasreunitedwithIhepreciousitemweekslaterbyamanwho

founditinthemud.（科羅拉多州一名女子丟失了未婚夫去世前不久送給她的訂婚鉆戒，

幾周后，一名男子在泥濘中找到了這枚珍貴的戒指）可知，本文主要講述了RaquelAiken

不下心遺失了她未婚夫送給她的訂婚戒指，一個(gè)陌生男子找到了這枚戒指，并最終歸還

給她的故事，所以B項(xiàng)"Thelostdiamondringreturnedbyastranger（丟失的鉆戒被一個(gè)

陌生人還回來(lái)了）”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。本文是一篇記敘文。講述了RaquelAiken不

下心遺失了她未婚夫送給她的訂婚戒指，DudeOlguin找到了戒指，并最終歸還給Aiken。

1.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原

文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言

表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題

是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章取義。

8?11.【答案】D、D、A、B

【解析】（1）段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段Scientistsestimatethatmorethan95percentofEarth's

oceanshaveneverbeenobserved,whichmeanswehaveseenlessofourplanetsoceanthanwe

havethefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceofMars.Thehighcostofpoweringanunderwater

cameraforalongtime,bytyingittoaresearchboatorsendingashiptorechargeitsbatteries,

isasteepchallengepreventingwidespreadunderseaexploration.（科學(xué)家估計(jì)，地球上超過(guò)

95%的海洋從未被觀測(cè)到過(guò)，這意味著我們看到的地球海洋比月球背面或火星表面還

少。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間為水下攝像機(jī)供電的高成本一一將其綁在研究船上或派遣船只給其充電一一

是一個(gè)嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，阻礙了大范圍的海底勘探）可知，本段主要講述了對(duì)海洋進(jìn)行大范

圍的勘測(cè)所面臨的困難。故選Do（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Theautonomouscamera

ispoweredbysound.lttransformsmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthrough

waterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.（自動(dòng)

攝像機(jī)是由聲音驅(qū)動(dòng)的。它將聲波在水中傳播的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為其成像和通信設(shè)

備提供動(dòng)力）可知，水下攝像機(jī)是將聲波在水中傳播的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為其成像和

通信設(shè)備提供動(dòng)力。故選D。（3）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前Becauseitdoesn'tneeda

powersource,thecameracouldrunforweeksonend（因?yàn)椴恍枰娫?，相機(jī)可以連續(xù)運(yùn)

行幾個(gè)星期）和下文enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.

（使科學(xué)家能夠在海洋的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)尋找新物種）可知，相機(jī)由于不用充電，所以可以持

續(xù)運(yùn)行好幾個(gè)星期，幫助研究人員獲得研究需要的東西，最后被取回。所以可推知，劃

線詞此處的含義為“被取回"，A.Beingfetched.被取回；B.Beingdestroyed.被破壞；

C.Beingoutofcontrol.不受控制；D.Beingreconstructed.被重建。故選A。（4）推理

判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornew

species.ltcouldalsobeusedtocaptureimagesofoceanpollutionormonitorthehealthand

growthoffishraisedin叫uaculturefarms.（使科學(xué)家能夠在海洋的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)尋找新物種。

它還可用于捕捉海洋污染圖像或監(jiān)測(cè)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)養(yǎng)殖魚(yú)類(lèi)的健康和生長(zhǎng)情況）可知，這

個(gè)水下攝像機(jī)除了能幫助科學(xué)家們認(rèn)識(shí)海洋偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的新物種，還可用于捕捉海洋污染

圖像或監(jiān)測(cè)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)養(yǎng)殖魚(yú)類(lèi)的健康和生長(zhǎng)情況。最后一段Oneofthemostexciting

applicationsofthiscameraformepersonallyisinthecontextofclimatemonitoring.Weare

buildingclimatemodels,butwearemissingdatafromover95percentoftheocean.This

technologycouldhelpusbuildmoreaccurateclimatemodelsandbetterunderstandhow

climatechangeimpactstheunderwaterworld（對(duì)我個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這種相機(jī)最令人興奮的應(yīng)

用之一是在氣候監(jiān)測(cè)方面。我們正在建立氣候模型，但是我們丟失了超過(guò)95%的海洋

數(shù)據(jù)。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以幫助我們建立更精確的氣候模型，更好地了解氣候變化如何影響水

下世界）可知，這種相機(jī)最令人興奮的應(yīng)用之一是在氣候監(jiān)測(cè)方面?？赏浦鼘⒃谝?/p>

些領(lǐng)域得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。故選B。這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人

員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種無(wú)電池的無(wú)線水下攝像機(jī)，這個(gè)水下攝像機(jī)除了能幫助科學(xué)家們認(rèn)識(shí)海洋

偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的新物利，，還可用于捕捉海洋污染圖像或監(jiān)測(cè)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)養(yǎng)殖魚(yú)類(lèi)的健康和生

長(zhǎng)情況。在氣候監(jiān)測(cè)方面，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以幫助研究人員建立更精確的氣候模型，更好地

了解氣候變化如何影響水下世界。1.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中

找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是

能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)

換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可

能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合

起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章取義。

12~15.【答案】B、A、A、B

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Junkfoodcompaniesarewellawarethatthesmell

oftheirproductsetsoffadesireinyourbrainandthatyou'llpayforthatlater.ltisaresponse

thathasbeenresearched,andyou'dbetterbelieveyourfavoritefast-foodchainshave

marketingteamsthatareusingthatresearchtotheiradvantage.（食品公司很清楚，他們產(chǎn)

品的味道會(huì)在你的大腦中激起欲望，你會(huì)為此付出代價(jià)。這是一個(gè)經(jīng)過(guò)研究的反應(yīng)，你

最好相信你最喜歡的快餐連鎖店的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)團(tuán)隊(duì)正在利用這項(xiàng)對(duì)他們有利的研究。）可知I,

我們可以從第一段垃圾食品的氣味中知道垃圾食品會(huì)在市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)中起作用。故選B。（2）

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Itisaresponsethathasbeenresearched,andyou'dbetterbelieve

yourfavoritefast-foodchainshavemarketingteamsthatareusingthatresearchtotheir

advantage.（這是一個(gè)經(jīng)過(guò)研究的反應(yīng)，你最好相信你最喜歡的快餐連鎖店的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)團(tuán)隊(duì)

正在利用這項(xiàng)對(duì)他們有利的研究。）以及第二段Let'stakeacloserlookatthisprocess.（讓

我們仔細(xì)看看這個(gè)過(guò)程。）可知第二段的作用是充當(dāng)了一個(gè)例子，具體舉例來(lái)說(shuō)明快餐

連鎖店的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)團(tuán)隊(duì)是如何利用這項(xiàng)對(duì)他們有利的研究的。故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

根據(jù)第三段Theresultsofaseriesofexperimentsshowthatextendedexposureofmorethan

twominutestojunkfoodsmellsleadstofewerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwithno

smelloranon-junk-food-relatedsmell,（一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果表明，與沒(méi)有氣味或與垃圾

食品無(wú)關(guān)的氣味相比，暴露在垃圾食品氣味中超過(guò)兩分鐘會(huì)導(dǎo)致購(gòu)買(mǎi)不健康食品的人數(shù)

減少。）可知在Biswas看來(lái)食品氣味的影響會(huì)隨著時(shí)間發(fā)生變化的。故選A。（4）標(biāo)

題歸納題。文章第一段講的是垃圾食品公司在營(yíng)銷(xiāo)中會(huì)利用產(chǎn)品的氣味會(huì)激起人們的購(gòu)

買(mǎi)欲望這一特點(diǎn)來(lái)謀利；第二段舉例來(lái)說(shuō)明營(yíng)銷(xiāo)團(tuán)隊(duì)如何利用產(chǎn)品的氣味會(huì)激起人們的

購(gòu)買(mǎi)欲望這一特點(diǎn)；第三段主要的是食品氣味的影響會(huì)隨著時(shí)間發(fā)生變化的，第四段對(duì)

全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，綜觀全文可知，本文主要講的是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間聞垃圾食品的氣味會(huì)降低消費(fèi)者

的購(gòu)買(mǎi)欲望，所以B項(xiàng)”垃圾食品的氣味會(huì)讓你遠(yuǎn)離它”作為本文標(biāo)題最佳。故選B。這

是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間聞垃圾食品的氣味會(huì)降低消費(fèi)者的購(gòu)買(mǎi)

欲望。閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件

的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，

對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確

把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

16~20.【答案】G、F、D、E、A

［解析］（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Somepeopleloveagreatthunderstorm；othersare

frightenedbythefirstflashoflightningorsoundofthunder.（有些人喜歡大雷雨；另一些

人則會(huì)被第一道閃電或雷聲嚇到）以及后文Butthereareeasystepsyoucantaketoprotect

yourhomeandyourlifefromlightning.（但你可以采取一些簡(jiǎn)單的措施來(lái)保護(hù)你的家和你

的生活免受閃電的傷害）可知，G項(xiàng)中的"Whetheryouloveorhatethem"與前文相呼應(yīng)，

"thunderstormsproducedangerouslightning”說(shuō)明了人們?yōu)槭裁葱枰扇〈胧┮苑朗艿絺?/p>

害，與后文呼應(yīng)。故G項(xiàng)"不管你喜歡還是討厭雷暴，雷暴都會(huì)產(chǎn)生危險(xiǎn)的閃電”符合語(yǔ)

境。故選G。（2）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)后文Itcanfollowthewiresorphonelinesintoyour

room—ruiningcomputers,TVsandotherelectronics.（它可以跟隨電線或電話線進(jìn)入你的

房間，破壞電腦、電視和其他電子產(chǎn)品）可推斷，空處應(yīng)介紹閃電發(fā)生時(shí)的一種情況。

F項(xiàng)提到”閃電擊中了你家的屋頂或附近的輸電線，這很糟糕但不是最壞的”，與空后一

句描述的更糟糕的情況銜接。故選F。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Lightningrods（避

雷針）canprotectabuildingfromcatchingfire.（避雷針可以防止建筑物著火）"以及后

文“Theyjustprovideapathfortheelectricitytoreachthegroundmoresafely.（它們只是為

電力更安全地到達(dá)地面提供了一條通道）以及空后的ju