Unit2HealthyLifestyleWordsandexpressions講義-高中英語人教版選擇性

tobaccon.煙草；煙葉alcoholn.酒；酒精Eg:Don’tdriveafterdrinkingalcohol不要酒后駕車。alcoholicadj.酒精的，含酒精的；n.嗜酒如命者，酒鬼(a)holic有...癖好的人；...的狂熱者workaholic工作狂shopaholic購(gòu)物狂abusen./vt.濫用；虐待；辱罵ab(壞)+use(用)：不恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂茫瑸E用abusern.濫用者；施虐者abusiveadj.辱罵的；濫用的；虐待的abnormaladj.不正常的Eg:Teenagersmaybeeinvolvedintobaccooralcoholabuse,whichcanleadtophysicalandmentalhealthproblems.青少年可能吸煙成癮或酗酒，造成身心健康問題。physical/mentalabuse生理/精神折磨abusesb’spowertodosth.某人濫用權(quán)力做某事physicaladj.身體的；客觀存在的；物理學(xué)的physicallyadv.物理地；physicsn.物理mentaladj.精神的；智力的psychologicaladj.心理的5.dominate vt./vi.支配；控制；占有優(yōu)勢(shì)dominationn.dominantadj.占支配地位的；顯著的Eg:Herloudvoicetotallydominatedtheconversation.在比賽/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中占上風(fēng)bedominatedby由某人所控制、支配Eg:Womenarenolongerdominatedbythemenintheirrelationships.女性不再受男性的支配。Eg:Thestrongerdominatedtheweaker.強(qiáng)者支配弱者。6.repeatedlyadv.重復(fù)repeatvt.重復(fù)repetitionn.重復(fù)7.psychologyn．心理學(xué)；心理；心理影響psychologicaladj.心理的psychologicallyadv.心理地cuen．提示；暗示；信號(hào)=hint/reminder/cluevt.給(某人)暗示(或提示)Eg:Ithrowheracuebutshemissedit我給她暗示，可她沒有領(lǐng)會(huì)Canyoucuemewhenyouwantmetobeginspeaking?你要我開始講話時(shí)能給我暗示一下嗎？9.inresponseto回答；回復(fù)responsen.回答；回復(fù)give/makearesponseto對(duì)……做出回應(yīng)respondvi.回答；回復(fù)respond/react/reply/to回答；回復(fù)Reactionn.反應(yīng)Eg:I'mwritingtohaveabriefintroductiontoBeijingOperainresponsetoyourrequest.為回應(yīng)你的請(qǐng)求，我寫信簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下京劇。10.rewardn.回報(bào)；獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；報(bào)酬vt.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；獎(jiǎng)賞；給以報(bào)酬Awardv.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；授予awardsbsth獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)某人某物inrewardfor為獎(jiǎng)賞/答謝……asarewardfor作為對(duì)……的獎(jiǎng)賞rewardsb.withsth.for(doing)sth.因?yàn)?做)某事用某物獎(jiǎng)賞/酬謝某人rewardingadj.有益的；有意義的Eg:HeofferedarewardtomeformyhelpinghimmakemuchprogressinoralEnglish.由于我?guī)椭谟⒄Z口語方面取得了很大的進(jìn)步，他給了我一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。政府為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的貢獻(xiàn)而為他頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。Thegovernmentgavehimamedalinrewardforhiscontributionsinthefieldofmedicine.(rewardn．)Thegovernmentgavehimamedaltorewardhimforhiscontributionsinthefieldofmedicine.(rewardvt.)11.relyvi.依賴；依靠；信賴relyon/dependon/counton/reston依賴；依靠；信賴relyon/uponsb.todosth.信賴某人做某事relyon(one's)doingsth.指望(某人)做某事relyon/uponitthat...指望……Reliable/dependableadj.可信賴的；可依靠的Eg:Wheneverwe'reintrouble,you'realwaysthepersonwecanrelyon.無論我們什么時(shí)候有困難，你總是我們可以依賴的那個(gè)人。Eg:Notonlyishereliable,butheisalsoconsiderateandselfless，soIthinkheisquitequalifiedfortheposition.他不僅可靠，而且考慮周到和無私，因此我認(rèn)為他非常的勝任這個(gè)職位。13.facilitatevt.促進(jìn)；促使；使便利同義詞：further/promote/accelerate/advancefacilitativeadj.使便利的facilityn.設(shè)施，設(shè)備facilitateeconomicgrowth促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)Eg:puterscanbeusedtofacilitatelanguagelearning.電腦可用于促進(jìn)語言學(xué)習(xí)。14.examinevt.(仔細(xì))檢查；審查；測(cè)驗(yàn)examinationn．考試；檢查15.negative=passiveadj.消極的；有害的；否定的反義詞positive=activeadj.積極的；肯定的；正面的Eg:Anunbalanceddietcanhaveenormousnegativeimpactsonpeople’slives.不均衡的飲食習(xí)慣會(huì)給人們的生活產(chǎn)生極大的負(fù)面影響。16.escalatorn.自動(dòng)扶梯；滾梯17.straightaway立即；馬上“立刻，馬上”的其他表達(dá)：rightaway、rightnow、atonce、innotime等Eg:Icaughtabadcold,soIshouldgoandseeadoctorstraightaway.我得了重感冒，所以我應(yīng)該馬上去看醫(yī)生。18.pessimisticadj.悲觀的；悲觀主義的bepessimisticabout對(duì)……悲觀pessimisticallyadv.悲觀地optimisticadj.樂觀的；樂觀主義的beoptimisticabout對(duì)……樂觀Eg:Beingoptimisticratherthanpessimistic,thesculptorcanhandlevarioushardshipsinhisroutinelife.這位雕刻家樂觀而不悲觀，能夠處理日常生活中各種各樣的困難。19.disciplinen.自制力；紀(jì)律；學(xué)科vt.自我控制；管教；處罰displinedadj.遵守紀(jì)律的；受過訓(xùn)練的schooldiscipline學(xué)校紀(jì)律disciplineoneself嚴(yán)格要求自己selfdiscipline自律，自我約束20.pilln．藥丸；藥片21.deletev．刪去；刪除=cutoutdeletionn.刪除22.decideon決定；選定decidetodosth.決定做某事decisionn.決定arriveat/eto/reach/makeadecision 做出決定Eg:我們最后決定召開一次班會(huì)來制定活動(dòng)計(jì)劃。Wefinallydecidedonholdingaclassmeetingtomakeaplanfortheactivity.23.makeupone'smind下定決心keepone'smindon專心于bear/keepinmind記住，牢記changeone'smind改變主意eto/intoone'smind忽然想起Eg:Ihavemadeupmymindtostudyharderandmakegreaterprogresssoastobeagreatpersonasyou.為了成為像你一樣偉大的人，我已經(jīng)下定決心更加努力學(xué)習(xí)，取得更大進(jìn)步。Allofasudden,aterriblethoughtcameintomymind.突然，一個(gè)可怕的念頭出現(xiàn)在我的腦海里。24posevt.&vi.組成；作曲；撰寫eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beposedof,bemadeupof,consistof))Beprisedof 由……組成(或構(gòu)成)positionn.組成；構(gòu)成；作曲；作品posern.作曲家Eg:Lifeisposedofmanyelements,suchasfamily,friends,study,work,entertainmentandsoon.生活是由許多要素組成的，如家庭、朋友、學(xué)習(xí)、工作和娛樂等。surgeonn.外科醫(yī)生physiciann.內(nèi)科醫(yī)生surgeryn.外科手術(shù)，外科學(xué)27.liberationn.解放，擺脫liberatev.解放，使自由liberatedadj.不受傳統(tǒng)思想束縛的People’sLiberationArmy中國(guó)解放軍Eg:WeshouldshowrespectformanysoldierswhodiedindefenseofthecountryintheChina’sWarofLiberation.我們應(yīng)該尊敬在中國(guó)解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中為保衛(wèi)國(guó)家而犧牲的戰(zhàn)士。28.shaveoff剃掉，刮去shavev/n.剃（須發(fā)）；刮臉shavesth.off/fromsth.將....減少；從...削掉（薄薄的一層）Eg:Thenewhighspeedtrainswillshaveoffhalfanhourthejourneytime.29.beardn.胡須30.disturbvt.打擾；攪亂；使煩惱disturbancen.干擾disturbedadj.心神不安的；心煩意亂的；煩惱的disturbingadj.令人不安的；令人煩惱的undisturbedadj.未受干擾的；未被打攪的Eg:Itwasnotpolitetodisturbyourneighbourswithloudmusiclastnight.昨晚用吵鬧的音樂打擾鄰居是不禮貌的。Ihatetodisturbyou,butIhavetotellyousomethingimportant.我不想打擾你，但是我必須告訴你一些重要的事情。31.specialistn．專科醫(yī)生；專家specialadj.特別的；重要的；特設(shè)的specializevt.專攻；專門研究32.consultantn.顧問；高級(jí)顧問醫(yī)師consultvt.&vi.請(qǐng)教；咨詢vt.查閱；參考Counselorn.顧問paticipantn.參與者assistantn.助理；助手applicantn.申請(qǐng)者33.skipv.跳躍；不做某事；不參加；悄悄溜走=slideslideslidslidskipskippedskippedskipbreakfast不吃早餐skipschool逃學(xué)skipoff/out溜走/溜出34.dizzyadj.頭暈?zāi)垦５?faintdizzilyadv.頭昏眼花地dizzinessn.頭暈；昏眩lightheadedadj.頭暈眼花clearheadedadj.頭腦清楚的bedizzywithexcitement激動(dòng)得有些眩暈feeldizzy感到頭暈?zāi)垦?5.flun.流感birdflu禽流感Eg:Mostworrying,though,Igottheflueasilyandexperiencedmanytoothaches,too.不過，最令人擔(dān)心的是，我容易得流感，而且經(jīng)常牙痛。36.stimulatevt.激發(fā)；促進(jìn)；刺激stimulationn.刺激同義詞：arouse/motivate/excite/inspire/promote/advance/booststimulatesb.todosth.激勵(lì)某人做某事bestimulatedby...被……激勵(lì)Eg:Thisstimulatedmymotivation.這激發(fā)了我的動(dòng)力。WheneverIamstressedoutandwornout,mywarmheartedfriendalwaysstimulatesmetoinsistonmyinitialgoal.每當(dāng)我感到有壓力和疲憊的時(shí)候，我熱心的朋友總是激勵(lì)我堅(jiān)持最初的目標(biāo)。37.dentistn.牙醫(yī)dentaladj.牙齒的，牙科的38.dynamicadj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的；動(dòng)態(tài)的dynamicsystem動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)dynamicbalance動(dòng)態(tài)平衡dynamicaladj.動(dòng)力學(xué)的dynamicallyadv.動(dòng)態(tài)地Eg:Sheisayounganddynamicandwillbeagreatadditiontotheteam.她既年輕又充滿活力，會(huì)是團(tuán)隊(duì)力不可多得的新成員。39.stressedout焦慮不安；心力交瘁stressvt.強(qiáng)調(diào)=highlight/emphasize著重；使緊張n.壓力=pressure重音；強(qiáng)調(diào)stresstheimportanceofsth.強(qiáng)調(diào)某事的重要性stressout(使)焦慮不安；(受到)壓力過大；疲憊不堪understress在壓力之下underthestressof在……的壓力下；為……所迫lay/put/placestress/emphasison=attachimportanceto強(qiáng)調(diào)；把重點(diǎn)放在……上(2)stressfuladj.壓力大的；緊張的stressedadj.焦慮不安的Delightv.高興delightfuladj.高興的Eg:Withsomuchworkfillinghermind,shefeltstressed(stress).Thetruthisthatthegirldidn'twanttotakethestressful(stress)job.40.bewornout筋疲力盡的;疲憊的；破爛不堪的；廢舊的Bewornout=betiredout=beexhausted=giveoutwornadj.用壞的；疲憊的wearsb.out使某人筋疲力盡wearworewornbearborebornteartoretornEg:layingwasfun,butIfeltevenmorewornoutafterwards!玩起來很開心，但玩完之后我覺得更累了！Walkingaroundamuseumalldayreallywearsyouout.一整天在博物館里走來走去，真的讓你筋疲力盡。41.bowlingn.保齡球運(yùn)動(dòng)42edyn.喜劇；喜劇片tragedyn.悲劇43.monthlyadv/adj.每月；n.月刊daily每天/yearly/annually每年部分以ly結(jié)尾的adj.Lovely可愛的;令人愉快的/friendly友好的/deadly致命的/lively活潑的/motherly母親般的/manly有男