2024年高考第三次模擬考試英語（新高考九省專用02）

2024年高考英語第三次模擬考試高三英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetheman?A．Dosomelistening. B．Rememberbasicwords. C．Readalot.【答案】B【原文】M:IfailedtheEnglishexam!Jessie,anyadviceforme?W:Well,Ithinklisteningandreadingalotworksforme.Butyourproblemisthatyoudon’tknowbasicwords.Youshouldbeginwiththat.2．Whowillbeabsentfromtheparty?A．Gary. B．Tony. C．Pete.【答案】C【原文】W:I’mlookingforwardtotheparty.Willeveryonebethere—Tony,PeteandGary?M:Peteisonholidayatthemoment,buttheothertwoaregoingtobethere,forsure.3．Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A．Tobuyaproduct.B．Toaskforatelephonenumber.C．Tohavehisrefrigeratorchecked.【答案】C【原文】M:Hello.TherefrigeratorIjustboughtfromyouisn’tworking.Canyousendsomeonetocheckit?W:Sure,sir.Couldyouleaveusyournameandtelephonenumber?4．WhattimedoesthenextplanetoLondonleave?A．At10:00. B．At11:00. C．At12:00.【答案】B【原文】M:Excuseme.WhattimedoesthenextplanetoLondontakeoff?W:ThenextoneisFlight12ateleven,gate10.5．Whatistoblameaccordingtotheman?A．Unfortableseats. B．Thetrafficnoise. C．MissLee’sweakvoice.【答案】B【原文】W:MissLee’svoiceissosoftthatIcanhardlyhearclearlywhatsheissaying.M:Don’tblameher.It’sthetrafficoutside.Nexttimeit’sbettertositatthefront.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍?！韭牭?段材料，回答第6、7題?！?．Whatcausesthepartytobeputoff?A．Anunexpectedmeeting. B．Theterribleweather. C．Achangedplan.7．Whenwasthepartysupposedtobeheldatfirst?A．ThisSaturday. B．ThisSunday. C．Nextweekend.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Weneedtoputoffourbeachpartythisweekend.W:Why?Nothingcanstopusexceptthestorm.M:Ijustwatchedthenews.Atyphoonisheadingourwayandisgainingstrength.Weatherforecastersthinkthetyphoonmayleadtoflood.Sowe’dbetterstayathome.W:Whenwillitland,tomorrow?M:No.MostlikelyonSaturdaymorning.W:That’sthesamedayasourparty.Let’sstartmessagingourfriendsandtellthemweneedtoputoffthepartyuntilnextweekend.M:Yes!Let’sgettoit!【聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題?！?．WhydidAmygotothecontest?A．Tohavesomefun. B．Towinsomemoney. C．Toprovehercookingskills.9．HowdoesAmymostprobablyfeelnow?A．Regretful. B．Upset. C．Happy.【答案】8．B9．C【原文】M:Amy,Iheardyouwenttoacookingcontestthismorning.Whydidyougotosuchacontest?Justtohavesomefun?W:No.Thewinnercouldreceive300dollars.IreallywantedtowinsoIcouldbuyanewcellphone.M:Sodidyouwin?W:No.Whattheothersmadedidn’tjustlookgreat;theytastedgreat,too.M:Youmustbeveryupsetnow.W:Notreally.Iwenttothecontesttogetherwithmymother.Shemadesomethingveryspecialandallthejudgeslovedwhatshemade.Shewonandshesaidshe’dbuymeanewphonewiththemoneyshereceivedtomorrow.【聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?0．Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’svisit?A．Topurchaseelectronicequipment.B．Tohireanadvertisingagency.C．Torentarecordingstudio.11．WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Crank?A．Hehasbeenrelocatedtoanotherbranch.B．Hehasstartedanewpany.C．Hehaschangedprofessions.12．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandointheend?A．Listentosomemusic.B．TalkwithPenelopeCage.C．Leavehercontactinformation.【答案】10．C11．B12．A【原文】W:Goodmorning.I’minterestedinrentingoneofyourstudiostorecordsomemusicforamercialI’mmakingnextmonth.ThelasttimeIcamehere,HarveyCrankassistedwiththecontrols.M:Actually,Mr.Crankleftthepanyandfoundedhisownstudio.However,ournewaudiotechnician,PenelopeCage,hasyearsofexperienceandcouldassistyou.W:Well,I’dreallyprefertoworkwithMr.Crankagain.Isthereanywaythatyoucouldhelpusgetintouchwithhim?M:It’sagainstourpany’spolicytogiveoutthatkindofinformation.However,youshouldtakeafewminutestogiveMs.Cage’sworkalisten.Sheproducedthebackgroundmusicforsomeofthecatchiestmercialsontheairtoday.【聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。】13．Whatistheman?A．Adoctor. B．Ahost. C．Ateacher.14．Whousedtobeadoctor?A．Cassie’sfriend.B．Cassie’smother.C．Cassie’sfriend’smother.15．HowlongdidittakeCassietobeeaqualifieddoctor?A．Oneyear. B．Fouryears. C．Fiveyears.16．WhatdoesCassiesayaboutherjob?A．Shegetsboredwithit.B．Sheenjoysitingeneral.C．Shealwaysworksovertime.【答案】13．B14．C15．C16．B【原文】M:Helloandweletotoday’sCareerTomorrow.Todaywearegoingtolookatanotherkindofjob—doctors.WehavewithusDr.CassieBrown,whoisadoctorattheRoyalLondonHospital.Hello,Cassie,howdidyoufirstbeeinterestedinmedicine?W:Well,Ihadafriendwhosemotherwasadoctor,andIthoughtherjobmightbeinteresting.M:Sohowdidyoufindoutmoreaboutthejob?W:Well,Ibecameavolunteerinahospitalandworkedforadoctor.Isoonrealizedthatthiscareerwastherightoneforme.M:Sowhatdidyouneedtostudyatuniversity?W:IstudiedHealingScience,andthenIreceivedamaster’sdegree.M:Howlongdidittakeyoutobeeaqualifieddoctor?W:OnceIhadfinishedmydegree,IhadtoworkforoneyearbeforeIbecamequalified,soittookmefiveyears.M:Howmanyhoursdoyouworkeveryday?W:Well,Iworkatnormalhours—ninetofive.M:Whatdoyoulikemostaboutyourjob?W:It’sneverboring.Infact,IfeelsorrywhenIhavetohaveadayoff!M:Itsoundsliketheperfectjob!Thanksforspeakingwithus,Cassie.【聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題?！?7．Whatcanlistenersinthecenterdoafterthespeech?A．Workasaguide. B．Visitthecenter. C．Choosetheinstructors.18．Whowillteachjazz?A．Diana. B．Jim. C．Steve.19．Whencanstudentshavebaseballclasses?A．OnFridayafternoons. B．OnSaturdayafternoons. C．OnSundayafternoons.20．Whichcourseisforbeginners?A．Badminton. B．Tabletennis. C．Baseball.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．A【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone,andthankyouforingtothenewTeenProgramhereattheParkHillLeisureCenter.I’dliketotakeyouthroughtheprogram,theclassesavailable,describethebuildingitself,andthengiveyousomeinformationabouthowtosignupforthesportsandactivitiesweoffer.Afterwards,you’llhaveanopportunitytotakeatourofthecenter,andalsohavesometimewithourinstructors.Let’sgothroughtheclassesfirst.AsyoucanseefromtheTeenProgramhandoutinyourpack,wehavelotsofclassesonoffer.Ourinstructorsarehighlyqualifiedandhavelotsofexperienceoftrainingyoungpeople.Dianaisourdanceinstructor,andshegivesclassesinjazzonWednesdayandThursdayevenings.Jimusuallytakesthefootballpractice,butthisyearhewillberunningthebaseballpractice.ThisclasshasbeenchangedfromSaturdaytoSundayafternoons.StevewilltakethetabletennisclassonMondayevening.Thebadmintoncourseisforbeginners,andthiswillbetakenbyStella,whowaslastyear’sunder21badmintonwinner,soyou’llbeingoodhandswithherexpertadvice.Thedayofthiscourseisstilltobearrangedbutit’slikelytobeTuesday.We’llconfirmthedaybytheendofthisweek.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThisyearArtCollectingwillcontinuetoprovidemunityartguidesaswehavebeendoingitforthepast24years.HalvorsenFineArtGalleryEstablishedinHoustonHistoricArtDistrict,atSawyerYards,HalvorsenFineArtGallerywith2,000squarefeetfeaturesamazingpaintingsoflandscapesandseascapesbyimpressionisticartists.Inadditiontohostingartistexhibitions,itprovidesartconsultationservicesforcollectors,designersandartenthusiasts.ArtoftheWorldGalleryThegalleryprovidesacontemporary,plexandrichculturalexperienceforartenthusiastsandcollectorsfromallaroundtheworld.DirectlyrepresentingsomeofthemostimportantlivingartistsfromAsia,Europe,andLatinAmerica,ArtoftheWorldGalleryisoneofthemostfamousgalleriesinthestate,locatedinHouston’sfinesthotspotforlocalsandtourists.ZatistaContemporaryandFineArtWithover4,000worksfromthemosttalentedemergingandestablishedartists,Zatistaprovidesaccesstothetypesofworkspreviouslyonlyavailabletoseasonedcollectors.BuyingonlinewithZatistaiseasywiththeirfreeartconsultation,certificatesofauthenticity(真實(shí)性),andabuyerguaranteethatallowsyoutotryartinyourhomewithfreereturns.JohnPalmerFineArtIt’slocatedintheavenueintheHistoricHeights.Thebinationofasaved1930’sbungalow(平房)withmuseumqualitynewconstructionistheperfectatmospheretoshowcasethegreatworksofartistJohnRossPalmer.JohnPalmerFineArtisopenbyappointmentonly.Youcansetanappointmentbycalling7138616726.WelookforwardtoshowingyouthebeautifulworldofJohnPalmerFineArt!21．WhatisthepurposeofArtCollecting?A．Collectingartworks. B．Offeringartinformation.C．Helpingseasonedartists. D．Foundingartorganizations.22．WhatcanvisitorsdoinHalvorsenFineArtGallery?A．Holdpersonalexhibitions. B．Obtainauthenticcertificates.C．Getatasteofdifferentcultures. D．Appreciateimpressionistpaintings.23．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnPalmerFineArt?A．ItisinHouston’sbestspot. B．Itoffersartconsultationservices.C．Itexhibitstheworksofonlyoneartist. D．Itcanbevisitedwithoutanappointment.【答案】21．B22．D23．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在美國休斯敦可以欣賞藝術(shù)作品的四個地方。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThisyearArtCollectingwillcontinuetoprovidemunityartguidesaswehavebeendoingitforthepast24years.(今年ArtCollecting將繼續(xù)提供社區(qū)藝術(shù)指南，就像我們過去24年做的那樣)”可知，這個網(wǎng)站的目的是提供社區(qū)藝術(shù)方面的信息。故選B項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HalvorsenFineArtGallery中“EstablishedinHoustonHistoricArtDistrict,atSawyerYards,HalvorsenFineArtGallerywith2,000squarefeetfeaturesamazingpaintingsoflandscapesandseascapesbyimpressionisticartists.(哈爾沃森美術(shù)館位于休斯敦歷史藝術(shù)區(qū)的Sawyer園區(qū)，占地2000平方英尺，以印象派藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)景畫和海景畫為特色)”可知，哈爾沃森美術(shù)館的參觀者可以欣賞印象派的畫作。故選D項(xiàng)。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JohnPalmerFineArt中“Thebinationofasaved1930’sbungalowwithmuseumqualitynewconstructionistheperfectatmospheretoshowcasethegreatworksofartistJohnRossPalmer.(將保存下來的二十世紀(jì)三十年代的平房與博物館品質(zhì)的新建筑相結(jié)合，這是展示藝術(shù)家JohnRossPalmer偉大作品的完美氛圍)”可知，該美術(shù)館只展出一位藝術(shù)家的作品。故選C項(xiàng)。BAtage10,McCulloughgotaglimpseofherdreamjob.ItsparkledintheeyesofthePackardChildren’snurseswhocaredforherbrotherMatthew,whohadbraincancer.Asachild,McCulloughspenthoursatherbrother’sbedside.“Ilookeduptothenurses.Ifoundtheirunconditionalmitmenttomybrother’scareremarkable,”McCulloughsays.Asayounggirl,McCulloughpracticednursingbycaringforherbrother,adesirebornoutofherintenseloveforhim.Shewouldrubhisback,bringhimdrinks,andevenhelpadjusthislines.Shewasanatural.Herparentssaidthatshewasverycaringandalwaysputpeoplefirstfromayoungage.WhenMatthewpassedaway,McCulloughbecameevenmoremittedtobeinganurse.Shetookstepsthroughtheyearstomakeherdreametrue.Inhighschool,shevolunteeredatcancercentersandhospitals.“Mybeinganurseis100%inhonorofMatt.Ifelttheneedtochannelmygriefandturnthattragicmomentintosomethingpositive,”McCulloughsays.Overtime,McCulloughrealizedthatshedidn’tjustwanttobeanurse.Shewantedtobeapediatriconcology(兒科腫瘤)nurseatPackardChildren’s.McCulloughwantedtogivebacktothehospitalthathaddonesomuchforherbrother.Despitefeelinglikeschoolnevercameeasy,McCulloughpersisted(堅(jiān)持)andgotintoarespectednursingschool.Shefeelslikesheworked10timesharderthanothernursingstudentsattheuniversity.Shetradedgoingoutandspendingtimewithfriendsforthelibrary.Incollege,eachstepbroughtMcCulloughclosertoherdream.SheworkedasanursingassistantatStanfordHealthCareforadultswithcancer.Then,shetransferredtoPackardChildren’sandworkedasanursingassistantinthePediatricTransplantCenter.Today,She’sanurseonthesameunitthatcaredforherbrotheryearsago.Sheisoneofthosenursessheadmiredsomuchasachild.Shefindsthetime,evenonverybusydays,totrulybethereforpatientsandfamiliestomakethemfeellovedandweled.24．WhatmakesMcCulloughwanttobeanurse?A．Herloveforherbrother.B．Thepainofcancerpatients.C．Hernaturalabilityofnursing.D．Thedesiretogivebacktosociety.25．WhatisknownaboutMcCullough’scollegelife?A．Shebegantoworkforherdream.B．Shevolunteeredatcancercenters.C．Shebecameanursingassistantforchildren.D．Shespentmuchtimewithfriendsinthelibrary.26．WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeMcCullough?A．Changeableandrespectable.B．Hardworkinganddemanding.C．Professionalandadventurous.D．Considerateandpersistent.27．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.B．Wherethereisawillthereisaway.C．Behindbadluckesgoodluck.D．Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.【答案】24．A25．C26．D27．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了McCullough經(jīng)過不懈努力，實(shí)現(xiàn)兒時想當(dāng)護(hù)士的夢想的故事。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asayounggirl,McCulloughpracticednursingbycaringforherbrother,adesirebornoutofherintenseloveforhim.(作為一個年輕的女孩，McCullough通過照顧她的哥哥來練習(xí)護(hù)理，這是她對他強(qiáng)烈的愛所產(chǎn)生的愿望)”和第三段““Mybeinganurseis100%inhonorofMatt.Ifelttheneedtochannelmygriefandturnthattragicmomentintosomethingpositive,”McCulloughsays.(“我成為一名護(hù)士完全是為了紀(jì)念Matt。我覺得有必要疏導(dǎo)我的悲傷，把那個悲慘的時刻變成積極的東西，”McCullough說)”可知，McCullough當(dāng)護(hù)士的愿望源于對她哥哥強(qiáng)烈的愛。故選A。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Then,shetransferredtoPackardChildren’sandworkedasanursingassistantinthePediatricTransplantCenter.(然后，她轉(zhuǎn)到帕卡德兒童醫(yī)院，在兒科移植中心擔(dān)任護(hù)理助理)”可知，McCullough在兒科移植中心做護(hù)理助理。故選C。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章敘述的內(nèi)容可知，McCullough為了實(shí)現(xiàn)兒時成為一名護(hù)士的夢想而堅(jiān)持不懈（persistent）的故事。根據(jù)第二段“Shewouldrubhisback,bringhimdrinks,andevenhelpadjusthislines.(她會幫他揉背，給他拿飲料，甚至幫他調(diào)整各種線)”和最后一段“Shefindsthetime,evenonverybusydays,totrulybethereforpatientsandfamiliestomakethemfeellovedandweled.(即使在非常繁忙的日子里，她也會抽出時間，真正地陪伴在病人和家屬身邊，讓他們感到被愛和被歡迎)”可知，她對哥哥和病人及家屬關(guān)愛細(xì)致，體貼入微（considerate）。故選D。27．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Atage10,McCulloughgotaglimpseofherdreamjob.(10歲時，McCullough瞥見了她夢寐以求的工作)”和最后一段中“Sheisoneofthosenursessheadmiredsomuchasachild.(她成了她小時候非常崇拜的護(hù)士之一)”可知，文章講述了McCullough經(jīng)過不懈努力，實(shí)現(xiàn)兒時想當(dāng)護(hù)士的夢想的故事。所以文章告訴我們：有志者事竟成。A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves自助者天助；C.Behindbadluckesgoodluck塞翁失馬，焉知非福；D.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。故選B。CTherearewelldocumentedmentalhealthbenefitstopetownership,asmuchresearchhasshown.Indeed,weknowtherearesomephysicalbenefitsaswell,asdogownerstendtohavemoreactivelifestyles.Yetwhenitestoconditionslikeallergies(過敏),wetendtothinkofpetownershipasexacerbating,notalleviatingthem.Hence,arecentstudypublishedinthejournalPLOSOnemighteasasurprise.Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.Theresearchersengagedinadetailedsurvey,studying65,000children.Theyfoundthatchildrenwhowereexposedtodogseitherduringfetal(胎兒)development,oruptotheageof3yearsoldwerelesslikelytohavenut,milkandeggallergies.Thiswasn’ttrueforotherpetsthatweren’tcatsanddogs.Indeed,thesameresearchfoundthatchildrenexposedtohamstersduringthissameperiodhadanincreasedriskofnutallergies.Yetchildrenwhowereexposedtocatsduringtheirearlyyearswerelikewiselesslikelytodevelopspecificallergies—namely,allergiestowheat,soybeanandegg.Whilethestudyisnotthefinalwordontheissue—theresearchersnote“furtherstudiesusingoralfoodchallengesarerequiredtomoreaccuratelyassesstheincidentoffoodallergies”—itreinforcespreexistingresearchontheseeminglyfunnywaysthatcatsinfluencehumandevelopment.Inadditiontoaddingtothegrowingbodyofscientificliteratureaboutpetsandhumanhealth,thePLOSOnealsoreinforcesearlierresearchabouttheroleoftheenvironmentindevelopingallergies.Theresearchrepeatedlyfoundthatexposuretofarmyarddirt,dustandthevariousfinehairsthatflyoffanimalshelpschildrenintheirbreathingsystemdevelopment.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exaccrbating”inparagraph1bestmean?A．Worsening. B．Damaging.C．Improving. D．Benefiting.29．Whatagreeswiththeresultoftherecentresearch?A．Kidsover3willhavemorefoodallergies.B．Hamsterscausethemostallergiestochildren.C．Allpetownershipwillnotreducefoodallergies.D．Catownersarelesslikelytobeallergicthandogowners.30．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothePLOSOnestudy?A．Satisfied. B．Objective.C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.31．Whatisabesttitleforthetext?A．BenefitsbroughtbyraisinganimalsB．PetownershipmakingkidshealthierC．ResearchesondifferentfoodallergiesD．Dogsandcatsreducingkids’allergies【答案】28．A29．C30．B31．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低，但是同一時期接觸倉鼠的兒童患堅(jiān)果過敏的風(fēng)險增加。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，接觸農(nóng)場的泥土、灰塵和從動物身上飛出來的各種細(xì)毛有助于兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)的發(fā)育。28．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段的劃線句“Yetwhenitestoconditionslikeallergies(過敏),wetendtothinkofpetownershipasexacerbating,notalleviatingthem.（然而，當(dāng)涉及到過敏等情況時，我們往往認(rèn)為養(yǎng)寵物會……，而不是緩解過敏。）”，句中劃線詞后“notalleviatingthem”可知，劃線詞與后文為反義，故劃線詞意為“加劇”符合題意，與A選項(xiàng)同義。故選A。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.（周三發(fā)表的這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，本文主要介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低；再根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“Indeed,thesameresearchfoundthatchildrenexposedtohamstersduringthissameperiodhadanincreasedriskofnutallergies.（事實(shí)上，同樣的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在同一時期接觸倉鼠的兒童患堅(jiān)果過敏的風(fēng)險增加。）”可推斷，并不是所有寵物的飼養(yǎng)都會降低食物過敏。故選C。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.（周三發(fā)表的這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低13%到16%。）”及文章最后一段第一句“Inadditiontoaddingtothegrowingbodyofscientificliteratureaboutpetsandhumanhealth,thePLOSOnealsoreinforcesearlierresearchabouttheroleoftheenvironmentindevelopingallergies.（除了為越來越多的關(guān)于寵物和人類健康的科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)增添新的內(nèi)容外，《公共科學(xué)圖書館·綜合》還加強(qiáng)了早期關(guān)于環(huán)境在過敏中所起作用的研究。）”可知，全文只是陳述《公共科學(xué)圖書館?綜合》研究的內(nèi)容，可推斷，作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段第二句“Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.（周三發(fā)表的這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，狗和貓減少孩子的過敏。故選D。DZoologistsstudiedthenervoussystemsofinsectstoinvestigateprinciplesofbiologicalbrainputationandpossibleeffectsonmachinelearningandartificialintelligence.Specifically,theyanalysedhowinsectslearntoassociatesensoryinformationintheirenvironmentwithafoodreward,andhowtheycanrecallthisinformationlaterinordertosolveplextaskssuchasthesearchforfood.Livingorganismsshowremarkableabilitiesincopingwithproblemsposedbyplexanddynamicenvironments.Theyareabletogeneralizetheirexperiencesinordertorapidlyadapttheirbehaviourwhentheenvironmentchanges.Thezoologistsinvestigatedhowthenervoussystemofthefruitflycontrolsitsbehaviourwhensearchingforfood.Usingaputermodel,theysimulated(模擬)andanalysedtheputationsinthefruitfly’snervoussysteminresponsetoscentsingfromthefoodsource.Theyinitiallytrainedtheirmodeloftheflybraininexactlythesamewayasinsectsaretrainedinexperiments.Theypresentedaspecificscentinthesimulationtogetherwitharewardandasecondscentwithoutareward.“Themodelrapidlylearnsastrongrepresentationoftherewardedscentafterjustafewscentpresentationsandisthenabletofindthesourceofthisscentinaplexenvironment,”saidputerscientistDrHannesRapp,whocreatedthemodel.Themodelcreatedisthuscapableofgeneralizingfromitsmemoryandtoapplywhatithaslearnedpreviouslyinapletelynewandplexenvironment,whilelearningrequiredonlyaverysmalldatabaseoftrainingsamples.Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.32．Whatistheaimoftheresearch?A．Toanalysetheapplicationofbiologicalbrainputationprinciples.B．Toseekpromotionofmachinelearningandartificialintelligence.C．Toshedlightonhowthenervoussystemsofinsectswork.D．Touncoverhowinsectsapplysensoryinformationinsearchoffood.33．WhichstatementabouttheresearchmethodisNOTTRUE?A．Theresearcherscollectedthedatabyusingaputermodel.B．Theresearchersfocusedonhowthefruitfly’snervoussystemreactstoscents.C．Theresearcherstrainedthemodelinthesamewayastrainingfruitflies.D．Theresearcherspresentedtwodifferentscentstocarryoutacontrolexperiment.34．Whatdotheresultsoftheresearchimply?A．Insects’nervoussystemsaremoresensitivetoparticularscents.B．Artificialintelligenceissignificanttobiologicalbrainresearch.C．Sensoryinformationiswidelyappliedinmachinelearning.D．ResearchoninsectbraincancontributetoAIdevelopment.35．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Topresentpredictionsaboutthefutureofmachinelearning.B．Toillustratethemethodandfindingsofascientificstudy.C．Tocallonmoreresearchoninsectbrainandbehavior.D．Tointroduceapracticalmethodofinsectresearch.【答案】32．B33．D34．D35．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。昆蟲的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)能獲取并將感官性信息轉(zhuǎn)換為記憶，控制其行為來完成如覓食這樣的復(fù)雜任務(wù)，動物學(xué)家通過研究這一過程，尋求其對未來機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能的啟發(fā)。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Zoologistsstudiedthenervoussystemsofinsectstoinvestigateprinciplesofbiologicalbrainputationandpossibleeffectsonmachinelearningandartificialintelligence(動物學(xué)家研究了昆蟲的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，以研究生物大腦計(jì)算的原理以及對機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能的可能影響)”最后一段“Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.(研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)可知，動物學(xué)家研究昆蟲神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的目的是研究生物大腦計(jì)算的原理和對機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)及人工智能的可能影響。故選B。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到“Theypresentedaspecificscentinthesimulationtogetherwitharewardandasecondscentwithoutareward.(他們在模擬中呈現(xiàn)了一種特定的氣味以及獎勵，而第二種氣味則沒有獎勵。)”可知，研究過程中確實(shí)使用了兩種氣味，但研究方法并非對照實(shí)驗(yàn)，而只是測試該模型對于有獎勵的氣味的反應(yīng)。因此，關(guān)于研究方法的說法是不正確的是D項(xiàng)“研究人員提出了兩種不同的氣味來進(jìn)行對照實(shí)驗(yàn)”。故選D。34．推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到“Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.(研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)”可知，研究的結(jié)果表明，大腦中感官性信息轉(zhuǎn)換為記憶能夠啟示未來機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能在解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)中的運(yùn)用，因此，對昆蟲大腦的研究能促進(jìn)人工智能的發(fā)展，故選D。35．推理判斷題。本文全文皆在介紹一項(xiàng)研究，從研究目的到研究方法，再到研究結(jié)果，文章第三段講到“Usingaputermodel,theysimulated(模擬)andanalysedtheputationsinthefruitfly’snervoussysteminresponsetoscentsingfromthefoodsource.(他們使用計(jì)算機(jī)模型模擬和分析了果蠅神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)對食物來源氣味的反應(yīng)。)”以及最后一段“Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.(研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)”可知，這篇文章的主要目的是說明科學(xué)研究的方法和發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HelpingYourKidstoBeInterestedinSportsBeingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren.36However,someparentscanfeelshockedwhentheyseethattheirchildisn’tinterestedinsports.Sohowcanyouencouragethemtohaveago?Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport.37Soyouneedtobesomeonewhoisinterestedandactive,ifyouwantanyhopeofthemdoingsotoo.Ifyoulayonthecouchalldaythentheywilljustlearntodothattoo.38Althoughtheycanchoosewhotheywanttosupport,seeingyourenthusiasmforaparticularplayerorteamcanbejustwhatisneededtostarttheirjourney.Youcouldlookforateamuniformstoretogetthemasportsshirtwiththeirnameonforexample,aswellasseetheteamplayatoneoftheirgames.39Ifsomethingisdull,itwillbehardforchildrentobeenthusiasticaboutit.Thiswillmakethemresent(討厭)it,whichisnotagoodthingforlaterinlife.Iftheyshowparticularskillandlearntoplaysport,thenmorepracticeandtrainingcanein.40Whentheycanenjoywhattheydo,theywillonlyseeitassomethingfuntodo,ratherthanwhatweasadultsmightseeitas,suchasachoretoburncalories.Whateversportyourchildchoosestoplay,encouragethemandmakeitfun,andthenitwillbesomethingthattheywillwanttocarryondoingastheygoabouttherestoftheirlives.A．Theywon’tbeinterestedinsportsifyou’renot.B．herearesomeothertipsthatyouwouldsharewiththem.C．Shareyourenthusiasmanditwillhelptolightenapassion.D．Sothinkaboutwaysthatcangetthemtobeactiveinthesports.E．Howactiveachildiswillimpacttheiroverallhealthandlearning.F．Apartfromleadingbyexample,youcouldalsoshareyourfavoriteteam.G．However,themainmessageforgettingchildrenintosportistokeepitfun.【答案】36．E37．A38．F39．C40．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹一些幫助孩子對運(yùn)動感興趣的方法。36．根據(jù)上文“Beingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren.(活躍和運(yùn)動對我們所有人都非常重要，對兒童來說尤為重要。)”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)活躍和運(yùn)動對兒童來說尤為重要。選項(xiàng)E“孩子的活躍程度將影響他們的整體健康和學(xué)習(xí)。”和上文意思一致。故選E。37．根據(jù)上文“Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.

Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport.(當(dāng)你為人父母時，以身作則是個好主意。這在很多方面都是正確的，但尤其是在忘記孩子們參與體育運(yùn)動這方面。)”可知，作為家長要為孩子樹立榜樣，結(jié)合上文提到體育運(yùn)動，可知選項(xiàng)A“如果你不感興趣，他們就不會對體育感興趣?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選A。38．根據(jù)下文“Althoughtheycanchoosewhotheywanttosupport,seeingyourenthusiasmforaparticularplayerorteamcanbejustwhatisneededtostarttheirjourney.(盡管他們可以選擇他們想要支持的人，但看到你對某個特定球員或球隊(duì)的熱情可能正是他們開始旅程所需要的。)”可知，這里建議家長跟孩子分享喜歡的球員或球隊(duì)。選項(xiàng)F“除了以身作則，你還可以與他們分享你喜歡的球隊(duì)。”和下文意思一致。故選F。39．根據(jù)上文“Youcouldl