2021-2022新教材外研版英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)課后練習(xí)UNIT5ADELICATEWORLD（一）STARTINGOUTUNDERSTANDINGIDEASWORD版含解析

UNIT5課下題型練(一)Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.閱讀理解AOliviaRieswasjustsevenyearsoldwhensheandhereight-year-oldbrotherCarteradoptedacheetah(獵豹)inSouthAfrica.“WhenmysisterandIfirstlearnedbackin2009thatspecieslikethecheetahmaybeextinctinthewildbythetimewehavekids,itscaredus.Weknewwehadtodosomethingtohelpthem，”saysCarter.“Therearesomanypeople(youngandoldalike)whojustdon'tknowwhatishappeningtosomanyspecies,justlikewedidn't.OliviaandIwanttomakesurewereachasmanypeoplearoundtheworldaspossibleandhelpthemtounderstandhowseriousthesituationreallyis.”Todothat,thekidsstartedOneMoreGeneration(OMG),anorganizationwiththemotto：“Preservingendangeredspeciesforonemoregenerationandbeyond.”Now,tenyearslater,OliviaandCarterhavetraveledallovertheworldspreadingtheirmessage.They'vebeeninterviewedonnationaltelevision,participatedinmarchesandfundraisersandwonawardsfortheirwork.In2015,theywereinvitedtoVietnambytheUnitedStatesEmbassytoparticipateinaprogramtosaverhinos.Allthatthey'veaccomplishedforanimalsandtheenvironmentismuchtoolongtolist!“Ournumberonemessagetoeveryonewemeetis‘Remember,anyonecanmakeadifference...ifwecan,youcantoo，’”saysOlivia,“WewantallpeopletounderstandthatwhatCarterandIaredoingisnotnecessarilysomethingspecial;itissomethingthatweallshouldbedoing.Youcanstartsmallbysimplyadoptingananimal.Dosomeresearchonthespeciesyouareinterestedin,andfindagoodorganizationofferingadoptions.MybrotherandItakeourbirthdaymoneyandallowancemoneyandadoptanimalsallthetime.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Carter和OliviaRies兄妹在了解到獵豹即將滅絕的事實(shí)后，通過(guò)自己的方式成立組織來(lái)號(hào)召所有人關(guān)心瀕危動(dòng)物。1．HowdidOliviaandCarterfeelwhenlearningcheetahsfacedextinction?A．Angryandguilty.B．Shockedandconcerned.C．Anxiousandhelpless.D．Hopefulanddetermined.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句和最后一句可知，當(dāng)Olivia和Carter知道獵豹可能會(huì)滅絕時(shí)，他們很震驚，也很擔(dān)心，想要盡自己的力量來(lái)幫助它們，故選B項(xiàng)(震驚和擔(dān)心)。2．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellaboutOliviaandCarter?A．Theyorganizedactivitiestoraisemoney.B．Theytookmeasurestosaverhinos.C．Theymadeeffortstolistextinctspecies.D．Theycontributedalottodyingspecies.解析：選D段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一句Allthatthey'veaccomplishedforanimalsandtheenvironmentismuchtoolongtolist！可知，本段主要講述了Olivia和Carter為瀕危動(dòng)物和環(huán)境做了很多事情。D項(xiàng)(他們?yōu)闉l臨滅絕的物種做出了很大貢獻(xiàn))符合以上說(shuō)法。3．WhatdoOlivia'swordssuggest?A．Anyonecanhelpbystartingsmall.B．Anyonecandosomethingspecial.C．Anyoneshoulddoresearchonspecies.D．Anyoneshoulddonatetoadoptionorganizations.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ournumberonemessagetoeveryonewemeetis‘Remember,anyonecanmakeadifference...ifwecan,youcantoo，’”和Youcanstartsmallbysimplyadoptingananimal.Dosomeresearchonthespeciesyouareinterestedin,andfindagoodorganizationofferingadoptions.可推測(cè)，Olivia說(shuō)這些話的意思是“任何人都可以從小事情做起來(lái)幫助瀕危動(dòng)物”，故選A項(xiàng)。4．Ifyou'retoofferOliviaagift,whichmightsheexpectmost?A．Adoptingapandainnameofbothherandme.BMakingherafurrydogwithmyownhands.C．Buyingheradollofthelateststyle.D．Mailingherahandmadepostcard.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中最后一句MybrotherandItakeourbirthdaymoneyandallowancemoneyandadoptanimalsallthetime.可知，Olivia和她的哥哥用他們生日的錢和零花錢一直在收養(yǎng)動(dòng)物，故推測(cè)她期待的禮物是收養(yǎng)一只小動(dòng)物。A項(xiàng)(以她和我的名義收養(yǎng)一只熊貓)符合以上推測(cè)。BGuamisabeautiful,smallislandinthePacificOcean.You'llfindhappysongbirds,clearbluewater,andleafyforestthere.Butthesmallislandhasabigproblem：snakes.Thereareabout2millionbrowntreesnakeslivinginGuam.Thesnakeslikelyarrivedinthe1940s.Theyprobablyslipped(滑行)unseenontoshipsandplanesheadingtoGuam.Oncethere,thesnakeslaideggs.Snakefamiliesgrew.ThesnakeshavenonaturalenemiestoeatthemonGuam.Soon,theislandwascoveredwiththesesnakes.Thebrowntreesnakehashadadevastatingeffect.Thesnakeseatbirds.Thereusedtobe12kindsofbirdsontheisland.Butthesesnakeshavekilledoffninekindsofthebirds.Thesnakescangrowtobe10feetlong.Theyoftenbitehumans.Theyclimbontopowerlinesandmaketheelectricitygoout.Thiscausesmillionsofdollarsindamage.Scientistshavetriedmanydifferentwaystocontrolthenumberofsnakes.Theyhaveusedsnaketrapsandsnake-sniffingdogs.Nothingseemedtowork.Nothing,thatis,untiltheyfoundasurprisingsecretweapon：killermice.Scientistsfoundoutthatthereisoneeasywaytokillbrowntreesnakes.TheycouldgivethemamedicinecalledTylenol.PeopletakeTylenolforheadachesandotherpains.EvenalittlebitofTylenolcankillabrowntreesnake.ButhowwouldscientistsgetthetreesnakestoeatTylenol?Theycameupwithaplan.First,theexpertsputthemedicineintodeadmice.Thentheyattachedeachmousetoaminipaperparachute(降落傘)．PlanesdroppedthemiceoverGuam.Theparachutesgotcaughtinthetrees.Themicebecamedinnerforthesnakesthatlivethere.Hasitworked?Sofar,researchshowsthattherearefewersnakesbecauseofthemice.Theworryisthatitmaybetoolatetoclearthesnakes,butMrVicefromGuam'sDepartmentofAgriculturesaysthisshouldnotstoptheislandersfromtrying.“Ourlong-termgoalistokillthesnakeoffcompletely，”hesays.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了Guam島是一個(gè)美麗的地方，但是有一個(gè)很大的問(wèn)題——到處是棕樹(shù)蛇。殺死棕樹(shù)蛇一個(gè)有效的方法是讓它們吃攜帶Tylenol的老鼠。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthebrowntreesnakes?A．TheywereshippedtoGuamonpurpose.B．TheywerenotnativetoGuam.C．Theywereatriskinthe1940s.D．Theygrewveryslowly.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，蛇可能是在20世紀(jì)40年代出現(xiàn)的。它們可能趁人不注意溜上了前往Guam島的船只和飛機(jī)。由此推斷出，棕樹(shù)蛇不是Guam島的本地物種。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastating”inParagraph3mean?A．Magical. B．Interesting.C．Short-term. D．Damaging.解析：選D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文可知，棕樹(shù)蛇吃鳥(niǎo)，島上曾經(jīng)有12種鳥(niǎo)類，但是這些蛇已經(jīng)殺死了九種鳥(niǎo)類。蛇可以長(zhǎng)到10英尺長(zhǎng)，它們經(jīng)常咬人。它們爬上電線，讓電力供應(yīng)中斷，這造成了數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的損失。以上說(shuō)明了這種蛇的危害性很大。由此可以推斷出畫(huà)線詞devastating意思是“有破壞性的”。故選D項(xiàng)。7．Whatwasamoreworkablewaytokillthebrowntreesnakes?A．Usingsnaketraps.B．PuttingTylenolinthetrees.C．Bringingintheirenemies.D．LettingthemeatTylenolcarriedbymice.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四至六段內(nèi)容可知，殺死棕樹(shù)蛇的一個(gè)有效方法是讓它們吃攜帶Tylenol的老鼠。8．WhatdoesMrVicethinkofsolvingthissnakeproblem?A．Heisproudofit.B．Heishopefulofit.C．Heisdoubtfulaboutit.D．Heisunconcernedaboutit.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Guam島農(nóng)業(yè)部的Vice先生說(shuō)：“這不應(yīng)該阻止島民的嘗試。我們的長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)是徹底消滅蛇?！笨赏茢喑觯琕ice先生對(duì)解決蛇的問(wèn)題滿懷希望。CAsmallinsectisgettingalotofattentionintheUnitedStates.Therustypatchedbumblebee(大黃蜂)isthefirstofitsspeciestobedeclaredendangeredinthelower48states—meaningeverystateexceptAlaskaandHawaii.Therustypatchedbumblebeeisnamedforarust-coloredlineonitsback.TheUSFishandWildlifeServiceannouncedthismonthitwasaddingthebeetoitsendangeredspecieslist.Theinsectsare“onthebrinkofextinction”，accordingtotheservice.Itsaidthebeeswereoncefoundin28states.Buttherenowareonlysmallpopulationsremainingin13states.Thegovernmentagencywillmakeaplantohelpthedyingbeesrecover.Theagencysaidthatsuchaplanmighthelpotherinsects,likebutterflies.USofficialsthinklandownerscantakesmallstepstohelptherustypatchedbumblebee.Theysaylandownerscanbefriendliertowardsbeesbyusingnativeplantsintheirgardens.Theinsectsdirectlyfertilizemanykindsoffruitandvegetablecrops.Andtheyfertilizegraincropsusedtofeedcattleandmilkcows.Itcostsbillionsofdollarstoduplicatethejobthebeesdoforfree.Landownersarealsobeingurgedtocutbackontheiruseofpesticideproducts.Theofficialsalsosuggestthatgardenersleavetheirplantsaloneattheendofthesummerinsteadofcuttingthem.Thatway,thebeeswillhaveaplacetoliveoverthewinter.TheFishandWildlifeServicesaystherustypatchedbumblebeewasaddedtotheendangeredspecieslistpartlybecauseofhabitatloss.Otherreasonsweredisease,pesticidesandclimatechange.Officialsareworriedthatotherbeeswillsuffer,too.AnotherspeciesofbeesinHawaiiisalsoendangered.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在美國(guó)瀕臨滅絕的銹跡大黃蜂的相關(guān)信息。9．Howmanystatesdeclaredtherustypatchedbumblebeeendangered?A．13. B．28.C．48.D．50.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Therustypatchedbumblebee(大黃蜂)isthefirstofitsspeciestobedeclaredendangeredinthelower48states—meaningeverystateexceptAlaskaandHawaii.可知，銹跡大黃蜂是48個(gè)州中第一個(gè)被宣布瀕臨滅絕的物種，這意味著除了阿拉斯加和夏威夷以外的每一個(gè)州都是如此。由此可知，有48個(gè)州宣布銹跡大黃蜂瀕臨滅絕。10．Whichoneisharmfultotherustypatchedbumblebee?A．Plantingnativeplants.B．Reducingtheuseofpesticideproducts.C．Leavingplantsalone.D．Cuttingoutplantsregularly.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中最后一句Theofficialsalsosuggestthatgardenersleavetheirplantsaloneattheendofthesummerinsteadofcuttingthem.Thatway,thebeeswillhaveaplacetoliveoverthewinter.可知，官員們還建議園丁們?cè)谙哪┑臅r(shí)候不要去修剪植物，而是讓它們自己生長(zhǎng)。這樣，蜜蜂就有地方過(guò)冬了。由此可以推斷出，定期剪植物對(duì)銹跡大黃蜂是有害的。11．Whatcanweknowabouttherustypatchedbumblebeeaccordingtothetext?A．Allthestatesdeclareditasendangeredspecies.B．Itisnamedforarust-coloredlineonitsbelly.C．Itisbeneficialtolandowners.D．Itisendangeredmainlybecauseofhabitatloss.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Theinsectsdirectlyfertilizemanykindsoffruitandvegetablecrops.Andtheyfertilizegraincropsusedtofeedcattleandmilkcows.Itcostsbillionsofdollarstoduplicatethejobthebeesdoforfree.可知，這些昆蟲(chóng)直接給許多水果和蔬菜作物施肥，它們還為喂牛和奶牛的谷物施肥，而復(fù)制蜜蜂做的這些免費(fèi)的工作要花費(fèi)數(shù)十億美元。由此推知，銹跡大黃蜂對(duì)土地的主人是有益的。12．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．BumblebeeAddedtoUSEndangeredSpeciesListB．WhyIsBumblebeeontheBrinkofExtinctionC．TakeStepstoHelpBumblebeeD．TheBenefitsofProtectingBumblebee解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句TheFishandWildlifeServicesaystherustypatchedbumblebeewasaddedtotheendangeredspecieslistpartlybecauseofhabitatloss.可知，魚(yú)類和野生動(dòng)物管理局說(shuō)銹跡大黃蜂被列入瀕危物種名單，部分原因是棲息地喪失。由此可知，A項(xiàng)(大黃蜂加入了美國(guó)瀕危物種名單)適合作本文標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Ifyourfamilyisthinkingofgettingapet,consideradoptingfromananimalshelter,whereallanimalsareinneedoflovinghomes.1Herearesometipsforyoutofindgreatanimals.Makesomedecisions.Thinkaboutwhatyouwantinapetandrememberthatallpetshavedifferentpersonalities.Catstendtobemoreindependent,butkittensneedlotsofattention.2However,theyareusuallygreatcompanionsandlovetospendtimewiththeirfamily.Visittheshelter.3Rememberthatyoumayneedtovisitmorethanoneshelter,oryoumayneedtomakemorethanonevisit.Trytobringalongeveryonewhowillbelivingwiththenewpet.Asktheshelterstafflotsofquestions.Andneveradoptananimalbecauseyoufeelsorryforit—bepatientsoyoucanfindapetwhoistrulyagoodmatchforyourfamily.4Buyallnecessarysuppliesandfoodwellbeforetheanimalcomeshome.Makesurethattheentirehouseholdisinagreementaboutrulesandresponsibilities—willthedogbeallowedonthecouch?Whowillcleanthelitter-box?Putitinwritingbeforethepetarrives.Bringyournewfriendhome!You'llprobablybeexcitedw