2018年4月自考00597英語寫作基礎試題及答案含解析

英語寫作基礎年月真題

0059720184

1、【單選題】Choosethebesttopicsentencefromthefouroptionsbelow.Write

thecorrespondingletterofyourchoiceontheanswersheet.

Withthe30%rule,youcankeepaconversationflowinginamorenaturalway.

Theconversationwithnonewinformationbecomeslikeanupside-downpyramid.

A:

Whenyoudon^addnewinformation,theconversationbecomesextremelyboring.

B:

Insomecasualconversations,thesameinformationisbeingrepeatedover

C:

andover.

D:

答案：A

解析：主題句要符合以下四點：(1)完整性。用完整的句子表達一個完整的思想，這是對

主題句起碼的要求。(2)一定的具體性和概括性。主題句要明確、具體、內涵集中，所指

單一，不要太籠統(tǒng)，也不要太具體。(3)清晰性。主題句要清晰明了，用詞一定要恰當、

貼切，不能含糊辭。(4)要有關鍵詞。它不僅制約段落的寫作方面和范圍，而且是寫作的

導火線、突破口。關鍵詞可以是一個詞、一個詞組或一個從句。所以A.Withthe30%

rule,youcankeepaconversationflowinginamorenaturalway.最適合當主題

句，意思是遵循30%原則，我們可以更自然地進行交談。

2、【單選題】Readthefollowingparagraphandchoosethebesttopicsentence

fromthefouroptionsthatfollow.Writethecorrespondingletterofyourchoice

ontheanswersheet.InordertodriveintheU.S.,youhavetogotoyour

localDepartmentofMotorVehiclesfirstsandtakeawrittentesttoget

yourlearner’spermit.Ifyoupassthistestyoucanpracticedrivingsoyou

canpassaroadtestandgetyourlicense.TheDepartmentofMotorVehiclesor

DMVhasfreebookletsyoucangoandgettostudyforyourlearner'spermit.

Youcanalsoaccesstheinformationonlineandeventakeapracticewritten

exam.Topreparefortheroadtest,youcanhaveafriendteachingyoutodrive

orpaytotakeclassesatadrivingschool.Youcannot,however,practice

drivingbyyourself.Ifyouarecaughtdrivingwithonlyalearner'spermit,you

cangetintotroublewiththelaw.

YoucannotdriveintheU.S.withoutpassingacoupleoftests.

ManypeopleintheU.S.choosetopracticewrittenexamsonline.

A:

MostAmericansasktheirfriendstohelppreparefortheroadtest

B:

rivingwithonlyalearner'spermitintheU.S.canbedangerous.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：本段文字主要是講解如何能夠在美國獲得駕照，也就是要通過一系列的考試。所以

選擇A.YoucannotdriveintheU.S.withoutpassingacoupleoftests.（不通過

考試不能在美國駕車）。

3、【問答題】Themeasuresareirrelevantasfarasthecurrentinflationis

concerned,(periodicsentence)

答案：Asfarasthecurrentinflationisconcerned,themeasuresreirrelevant.

解析：periodicsentence是指圓周句，也稱為掉尾句，也就是要把重要的信息放在句子

的末尾。本句中的關鍵信息是themeasuresreirrelevant，所以放在句尾。

4、【問答題】Jimlikescycling.Jimalsolikesswimmingandplayingsoccer,

(parallelstructure)

答案：Jimlikescycling,swimmingandplayingsoccer.

解析：平行結構(parallelstructure)，即把結構相同、意義相關的單詞、短語和分句排

列在一個或幾個相連的句子里。

5、【問答題】Hepreferredtostudymusic.Hemadeitveryclearinhisletterto

hisparents,(complexsentence)

答案：Hemadeitveryclearinhislettertohisparentsthathepreferredto

studymusic./Hepreferredtostudymusic,whichhemadeveryclearinhis

lettertohisparents.

解析：本句的要求是將兩個單句變成一個復合句（complexsentence）。我們可以將其變

成一個賓語從句Hemadeitveryclearinhislettertohisparentsthathe

preferredtostudymusic.也可以將其變成一個非限定性定語從句Hepreferredto

studymusic,whichhemadeveryclearinhislettertohisparents.

6、【問答題】AlexwenttoParislastyear.Hevisitedalotofplacesthere,

(simplesentence)

答案：AlexwenttoParislastyearandvisitedalotofplacesthere.

解析：以上兩個句子由于主語一致，所以我們可以用and將其變成一句單句。

7、【問答題】Thespeakerappearedontheplatform.Theaudiencestoodupand

clappedwarmly,(complexsentence)

答案：When/Assoonasthespeakerappearedontheplatform,theaudience

stoodupandclappedwarmly.

解析：根據(jù)以上兩個單句的關系，我們將其第一句處理為時間狀語從句When…或Assoon

as…，把第二句處理為主句。

8、【問答題】Mobike’sorange-wheeledbicycleshaveappearedonstreetsacross

ChinaandinSingapore.MobikeplanstorolloutinManchesterandSalfordthis

month,(compoundsentence)

答案：Mobike’sorange-wheeledbicycleshaveappearedonstreetsacrossChina

andinSingapore,andMobikeplanstorolloutinManchesterandSalfordthis

month.

解析：compoundsentence的意思是并列句，我們用and來連接兩句并列句。

9、【問答題】Heworkedasanengineerinasmallcompanywithalowsalary.He

wasquitesatisfiedwithhisjob.(complexsentence)

答案：Although/Thoughheworkedasanengineerinasmallcompanywitha

lowsalary,hewasquitesatisfiedwithhisjob.

解析：根據(jù)以上兩個單句的關系，我們將其第一句處理為讓步狀語從句Although…或

Though…，把第二句處理為主句。

10、【問答題】Alittleboywalkedintotheshop.Heaskedforaloafofwhite

bread,(simplesentence)

答案：Alittleboywalkedintotheshopandaskedforaloafofwhite

bread./Alittleboywalkedintotheshoptoaskedforaloafofwhitebread.

解析：以上兩個句子由于主語一致，所以我們可以用and將其變成一句單句Alittleboy

walkedintotheshopandaskedforaloafofwhitebread.或者可以用todosth變

成一句單句Alittleboywalkedintotheshoptoaskedforaloafofwhitebread.

11、【問答題】Ihaven’treadthebook.Icannottellyouanythingaboutit

(compoundsentence)

答案：Ihaven’treadthebook,soIcannottellyouanythingaboutit.

解析：根據(jù)以上兩個單句的關系，我們在兩個句子中加上so（所以），即因為沒讀書，所

以對書的內容一無所知。

12、【問答題】Iwasinschoolthirtyyearsago.Wedidn'thavecomputers.Now

theyareavailablealmosteverywhereoncampus,(compound-complexsentence)

答案：WhenIwasinschoolthirtyyearsago,wedidn’thavecomputers,but

nowtheyareavailablealmosteverywhereoncampus.

解析：根據(jù)以上三個單句的關系，我們將其第一句處理為時間狀語從句When，把第二句和

第三句處理為主句。第二句和第三句我們用but來連接，表示以前沒有電腦，但是現(xiàn)在校

園中電腦隨處可見。

13、【問答題】Salespeopletendtoperformbetterindealingwiththeirangry

customerswhoareemotionallyskilled.

答案：Salespeoplewhoareemotionallyskilledtendtoperformbetterindealing

withtheirangrycustomers

解析：一般情況下，定語從句緊跟先行詞。

14、【問答題】Shoppingonlineoffersmoreconvenienceandchoicesthantoshop

instores.

答案：Shoppingonlineoffersmoreconvenienceandchoicesthanshoppingin

stores.

解析：比較級的比較主體形式上應該一致，前面是動名詞shoppingonline，則后面也應

是動名詞shoppinginstores。

15、【問答題】Firstestablishedin1998,manywell-knownexpertshavebeen

attractedtoworkinthisresearchcenter.

答案：Firstestablishedin1998,thisresearchcenterhasattractedmanywell-

knownexpertstoworkhere.

解析：Firstestablishedin1998實際上的主語是thisresearchcenter，所以必須以

thisresearchcenter作為主句的主語。

16、【問答題】Manystudentslostmarksintheexam.Becausetheydidnotread

thequestionscarefully.

答案：Manystudentslostmarksintheexambecausetheydidnotreadthe

questionscarefully.

解析：Because引導原因狀語從句，不能獨立成句。

17、【問答題】MygrandfatherhasapaintingbyPicasso,itmustbeworthalot

ofmoney.

答案：MygrandfatherhasapaintingbyPicasso,whichmustbeworthalotof

money.

解析：原句是兩個單句，兩個獨立的單句不能用逗號連接。因此我們可以將其處理為定語

從句。

18、【問答題】Readthefollowingparagraph,findoutthetopicsentenceand

writeitontheanswersheet.Before1800,nocountryintheworldhadanaverage

lifeexpectancy(預期壽命）atbirthbeyond40.Todaythereisnotacountrythat

doesnotSince1900,moreyearshavebeenaddedtohumanlifethanintherest

ofhistorycombined,initiallybyreducingchilddeathandlatelyby

stretchinglifespans.Longevityisoneofhumanity^greatachievements,yetitis

seenasoneofsociety’sgreatheadaches.Theproblemliesinthe

increasingdependenceoftheoldontheyoung.By2100,theratioof65-plusto

“working-age”peoplewilltriple.Astheworldgrays,growth,taxrevenuesand

workforceswilldeclinewhilespendingonpensionsandhealthcarewillincrease.

答案：Longevityisoneofhumanity’sgreatachievements,yetitisseenas

oneofsociety’sgreatheadaches.

解析：本段文字主要講述的是如今人類壽命顯著延長了，但是同時全球的養(yǎng)老問題也越來

越突出。能包含這兩層意思的句子就可以成為本段的主題句。

19、【問答題】Rearrangethefollowingsentencessothattheyreadlogically.

Putthecorrespondinglettersinapropersequenceontheanswersheet.The

positionsofsomesentenceshavebeengiven.A.Andwithoutreflectingon

theconsequencesoftechnology,theycouldendupbringingsomeoftheworst

oftheInternetintoofflinelife.B.Byunderstandingthem,wecanthink

abouthowyoungpeoplearegrowingupwithtechnologyandwhatimpact

theseexperiencescouldhave.C.Digitalexilesareattheoppositeextreme—

they'vebeenraisedwithminimaltechnology.D.Digitalorphanshavegrownup

withagreatdealoftechnologyaccess,butverylittleguidance.E.Theway

peoplerelatetotechnology—howtheyusetheInternet—willshapetheir

professionalopportunities,andwilldeterminethecontentandexperienceof

theInternetitselfaswell.F.Arecentsurveyfoundthatparentsaremanaging

theirkids’useoftechnologyinverydifferentways,andasaresult,they

arecreatingthreedistinctgroupsofyoungpeople:digitalorphans,exilesand

heirs.G.Digitalheirshaveimpressivetechnologyskillsthankslargelyto

theirparentsandteacherswhohaveencouragedanddirectedtheir

technologyeducation,buttheymightfacechallengesindealingwiththeir

lessknowledgeablepeers.H.Usuallyoncetheyenterintothedigitalworld,

manyofthemwillthrowthemselvesintotheironline

lives.

答案：FBDACHGE

解析：F段主要講述的是一項最近的調查發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的父母用不同的方式管理孩子對科技的

使用，結果使得孩子們分化成了不同的三類人群：數(shù)碼孤兒、數(shù)碼流放者和數(shù)碼繼承人。

然后B段接著講述通過對他們的了解，我們可以搞清楚年輕人是如何在科技的陪伴下成長

以及這種成長經(jīng)歷對孩子們的影響。所以我們選擇F段為第一段。接下來文章應該一類一

類地具體講述數(shù)碼孤兒、流放者和繼承人，所以第三段應該選擇D數(shù)碼孤兒在大量的科技

的影響下成長，沒有家長的任何指導。然后A段接著講述數(shù)碼孤兒不會反思科技的負面后

果，于是他們把網(wǎng)絡的負面影響帶到了線下生活中。接下來文章講述流放者，所以選擇

CDigitalexilesareattheoppositeextreme—they'vebeenraisedwith

minimaltechnology.（數(shù)碼流放者恰恰相反—他們成長的路上接觸的科技很少。）然后H

段接著講述但是一旦他們接觸到了數(shù)碼世界，他們便沉溺于此。接下來文章講述數(shù)碼繼承

人，所以選擇GDigitalheirshaveimpressivetechnologyskillsthankslargelyto

theirparentsandteacherswhohaveencouragedanddirectedtheir

technologyeducation,buttheymightfacechallengesindealingwiththeir

lessknowledgeablepeers.（數(shù)碼繼承者由于有家長和老師的鼓勵和引導，他們擁有著突

出的科技能力，但是他們和缺乏科技知識的同伴交往，往往很困難。）G.最后一段往往起

到總結的作用，所以選擇EThewaypeoplerelatetotechnology—howtheyuse

theInternet—willshapetheirprofessionalopportunities,andwilldetermine

thecontentandexperienceoftheInternetitselfaswell.（人們和科技的關系，即

人們如何使用網(wǎng)絡，將會決定著他們的職業(yè)機會，也會決定上網(wǎng)的內容和上網(wǎng)的體驗。）

20、【問答題】Readthefollowingparagraph,findoutTWOirrelevantsentences

andwritethemontheanswersheet.Atsometimeinyourlife,youmayhavetaken

atimemanagementclass,onlytofindthatitisacompletewasteoftimebecause

itdoesn'twork.Indeed,ourlifeiswastedinallkindsofclasses.

Timemanagementclassesfailbecausetherearetwotypesoftime:clocktime

andrealtime.Inclocktime,alltimepassesequally.Inrealtime,alltime

isrelative.Timefliesordragsdependingonwhatyou’redoing.Twohours

canfeellike12years.Andyetour12-year-oldchildrenseemtohavegrownup

inonlytwohours.Childrenhavenoideaoftime.Whichtimedescribesthe

worldyoureallylivein,realtimeorclocktime?Thegoodnewsisthatreal

timeismental.YoucreateitAnythingyoucreate,youcanmanage.Ifstime

toremoveanyself-limitationyouhavearound"nothavingenoughtime”,or

todaynotbeing"therighttime”totaketheaction.

答案：~~Indeed,ourlifeiswastedinallkindsofclasses.~~~~Childrenhave

noideaoftime.~~

解析：本段主要講述的是上時間管理課程沒有用。句子Indeed,ourlifeiswastedin

allkindsofclasses.（實際上，我們的生命被各種課程浪費掉了）不符合主題，因此刪

去。接下來文章講述時間的兩種類型，即絕對時間和相對時間。其中Childrenhaveno

ideaoftime.（孩子沒有時間概念）不符合主題，因此刪