安徽省宿州市十三校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題

宿州市省、市示范高中2023—2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語試卷（本試卷滿分為150分，考試用時120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍.1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Athome.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydotomorrowafternoon?A.Seeadoctor.B.Watchamovie.C.Meetherbrother.3.Howwillthespeakersgotothebookstore?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Giveuptheprogram.B.Takethreemonthsoff.C.GotoFrance.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDario?A.Hefeelshopeless.B.HelikesCokeverymuch.C.Hewastoobusytogoshopping.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanwant?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Aroomforthree.7.Howmuchwillthewomanpaypernight?A.$100.B.$120.C.$150.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thehouseowner.B.Theingparty.C.Theconditionofahouse.9.Whatwaswrongwiththehouseyesterday?A.Itslightwasbroken.B.Itselectricitywentoff.C.Itspipeneededreplacing.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.AtCustomerService.B.Overthephone.C.AtBensonSoftware.11.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Toplaceanorder.B.TohaveCDplayersrepaired.C.Toplainaboutawrongorder.12.HowmanymoreCDplayerswillbesenttotheman?A.50.B.100.C.150.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanenjoymostaboutthecourse?A.Meetingfamousmusicians.B.Organizingeverydetailofit.C.Hearingyoungmusiciansplay.14.Howdoesthemanadvertisethecourse?A.Throughtheuniversity.B.ThroughtheInternet.C.ThroughtheTVshow.15.Whatisrequiredtojointhecourse?A.BasicEnglishskill.B.Perfectperformance.C.Goodlooks.16.Whyisn’tthecountrysideagoodchoice?A.Thecostishigh.B.Thetransportisinconvenient.C.Thespaceislimited.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhenshouldparentspickuptheirkidsatthelatestonThursday?A.At1:00pm.B.At11:30am.C.At12:30pm.18.What’stheadvantageoforderingsuppliesfromschool?A.Ithasafreedelivery.B.Itisveryconvenient.C.Itwillcostmuchless.19.Whatdoesthemunitycharitydo?A.Helppeopleinneed.B.Lookformissingthings.C.Donatethingstotheschool.20.Whowillgetacallthenightbeforeschoolstarts?A.Newstudents.B.Returningstudents.C.Teachers.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASevenBaysRockClimbingGymisownedbyRichardAvenz,theworldclassrockclimberwhoalsoownsthefamousClimbingGymSubway.SevenBaysRockClimbingGymisa6,000squarefootgymonGothelmStreetthathostsa200footlongclimbingwallandacafe,whereyoucanrelaxbeforeorafterclimbing,orsimplysitandwatchyourfriendsgoforit.RockClimbingisalsoaboutthepeopleyoumeet,asmuchastheclimbingitself.Ourgymistheperfectplaceforclimberstomeetandshareexperiences.Therearelessonssevendaysaweekonthesmallerwallandwhensomeoneisready,theyareletlooseonthemainwall,butalwaysunderobservation.Wehaveagreatsafetyrecordandintendtokeepitthatway.Thegymisopen24hoursaday,7daysaweek,butlessonsarebetween12to6p.m.Youcangetastudentpackagefor700poundsamonthandtherearealsoyearlydeals,butdailyorweeklydealsarenotprovided.Probablyoneofthebestthingsthegymoffersisweekendtripsformanyexperiencedclimbers.Youcangetoutandtryarealrockfaceatthecostof150pounds.Wearrangehotelacmodationforovernightandit’sfreeofcharge.It’salotoffun.It’sagreatwaytomeetpeople,strengthenyourbodyandbeepartoftherockclimbingmunity.1.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueaboutRichardAvenz?A.HeisinpossessionofSevenBaysRockGym.B.Heisanexcellentclimber.C.ClimbingGymSubwaydoesn’tbelongtohim.D.Heisnotonlyasportsmanbutalsoabusinessman.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthegym?A.Itisnotopenallyearround.B.Thelessonscanbeavailableanytime.C.Duringweekendtrips,thegymwillofferhotelacmodationfreeofcharge.D.Thestudentscangetdailydeals.3.WhoisSevenBaysRockingClimbingintendedfor?A.Peoplewhoarefondofsports. B.Peoplewhoshowinterestinmusic.C.Peoplewhodreamtobeascientist. D.Peoplewholikegeography.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了世界一流攀巖運(yùn)動員理查德·艾文茲創(chuàng)立的七灣攀巖館。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“SevenBaysRockClimbingGymisownedbyRichardAvenz,theworldclassrockclimberwhoalsoownsthefamousClimbingGymSubway.(七灣攀巖館的老板是世界一流的攀巖運(yùn)動員理查德·艾文茲，他也是著名的地鐵攀巖館的老板。)”可知，ClimbingGymSubway也屬于RichardAvenz。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Probablyoneofthebestthingsthegymoffersisweekendtripsformanyexperiencedclimbers.Youcangetoutandtryarealrockfaceatthecostof150pounds.Wearrangehotelacmodationforovernightandit’sfreeofcharge.(對于許多有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的登山者來說，場館提供的最好的東西之一可能是周末旅行。你可以出去試試真正的巖壁，花費(fèi)150英鎊。我們免費(fèi)為您安排酒店住宿。)”可知，在周末旅行期間，場館將免費(fèi)提供酒店住宿。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“SevenBaysRockClimbingGymisa6,000squarefootgymonGothelmStreetthathostsa200footlongclimbingwallandacafe,whereyoucanrelaxbeforeorafterclimbing,orsimplysitandwatchyourfriendsgoforit.(七灣攀巖館位于哥瑟姆街，占地6000平方英尺，有一面200英尺長的攀巖墻和一個咖啡館，你可以在攀巖之前或之后放松一下，或者只是坐著看你的朋友攀巖。)”及文章最后一段“It’sagreatwaytomeetpeople,strengthenyourbodyandbeepartoftherockclimbingmunity.(這是一個很好的結(jié)識朋友，增強(qiáng)你的身體，成為攀巖社區(qū)的一部分的方式。)”可推知，七灣攀巖館是為喜歡運(yùn)動的人設(shè)立的。故選A。BIhesitatedwhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwejointheschool’snewTaiChiclub.Iusedtothinkthattaichiwasfortheelderly.However,thefirstclasschangedmypreviousunderstandingoftaichi.Ayearlater,Icansaythattaichihashadahugeimpactonme.Thefirstfewtaichiclasseswerefunandeasy,andthemoveswithdescriptivenamesreallycaughtmyimagination,like“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg.”WhenIaskedmycoachwheretheseinterestingnamescamefrom,hetoldmeaboutthehistoryoftaichi.ZhangSanfeng,a13thcenturyTaoist,wassaidtohaveinventedtaichiafterdrawinginspirationfromafightbetweenasnakeandabird.However,nowadayspeopletendtobelievethatChenWangting,a17thcenturymasterofChinesemartialarts,developedtaichibasedonmartialartsskills.Afterthefirstfewbasictaichilessons,Ifoundmyselfboredandachingfromdoingthesameslowmovesoverandoveragain.Fortunately,mycoachtaughtmehowtorelaxmymusclesandfocusonpeaceofmindduringever,daypractice.Withtheserequirementsoftaichiinmind,Ifoundtomysatisfactionthatmybalanceandflexibilityslowlyimproved,thatIwasabletodomoredifficultmoves,andthatmylovefortaichireturnedstrongerthanever.Meanwhile,IstartedtoexploretheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.IdiscoveredthattaichiisdeeplyrootedintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformthetheunityofopposite.Neithercanexistindependentoftheother.Thepracticeoftaichiaimstokeepthebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.Ultimately,taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.Theexperienceofayearoftaichihasaffectedmyeverydaylifepositively.Isleepmoresoundlyatnight,andfeelmoreenergeticduringtheday.Ifeelhappierandmoreconfident.Taichihastaughtmetorelaxmymind,enablingmetostaycalminstressfulsituations.IamsureIwillcontinuetopractisetaichiandenjoythebenefitsithasbroughtme.4.WhydidtheauthorjointheTaiChiClub?A.Becauseofhisfriend’sadvice. B.Becauseofhisinterestinit.C.Becauseoftheschool’srequest. D.Becauseofhisparents’suggestion.5.Whichofthefollowingwordscandescribethemovesoftaichi?A.Quickandbeautiful. B.Quickandfree.C.Slowandbeautiful. D.Slowandboring.6.WhatistheChineseculturebehindtaichi?A.TaichiisinfluencedbyLaozi’sphilosophyofwater.B.Taichicanhaveapositiveeffectinpeople’slives.C.YoucanfindtheoriginoftaichiintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang.D.Taichicanmakepeoplefeelenergeticandconfident.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.Finally B.Sometimes C.Firstly D.Constantly【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了太極運(yùn)動對于作者的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ihesitatedwhenmyfriendsuggestedthatwejointheschool’snewTaiChiclub.(當(dāng)朋友建議我們加入學(xué)校新成立的太極俱樂部時，我猶豫了一下)”可知，朋友的建議讓作者加入了學(xué)校太極俱樂部。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Afterthefirstfewbasictaichilessons,Ifoundmyselfboredandachingfromdoingthesameslowmovesoverandoveragain.(在最初的幾堂基礎(chǔ)太極課后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己厭倦了一遍又一遍地做同樣的緩慢動作)”及文章第二段“Thefirstfewtaichiclasseswerefunandeasy,andthemoveswithdescriptivenamesreallycaughtmyimagination,like“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg.”WhenIaskedmycoachwheretheseinterestingnamescamefrom,hetoldmeaboutthehistoryoftaichi.ZhangSanfeng,a13thcenturyTaoist,wassaidtohaveinventedtaichiafterdrawinginspirationfromafightbetweenasnakeandabird.(最初的幾節(jié)太極課既有趣又簡單，那些動作的名字也很吸引我，比如“白鶴展翅”和“金雞獨(dú)立”。當(dāng)我問我的教練這些有趣的名字是從哪里來的，他告訴我關(guān)于太極的歷史。據(jù)說，13世紀(jì)的道家張三豐從蛇與鳥的搏斗中得到靈感，發(fā)明了太極拳)”可知，太極拳的招式是緩慢并且優(yōu)美的。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Meanwhile,IstartedtoexploretheancientChineseculturebehindtaichi.IdiscoveredthattaichiisdeeplyrootedintheChinesephilosophyofyinandyang,whicharebelievedtoformthetheunityofopposite.(同時，我開始探索太極拳背后的中國古代文化。我發(fā)現(xiàn)太極深深植根于中國的陰陽哲學(xué)，陰陽被認(rèn)為是對立的統(tǒng)一)”可知，太極背后的中國文化是在中國的陰陽哲學(xué)中找到太極的起源。故選C。【7題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“Thepracticeoftaichiaimstokeepthebalanceofyinandyanginthebodythroughoppositemovements:forwardsandbackwards,upanddown,leftandright,breathinginandbreathingout.(練習(xí)太極的目的是通過相反的動作來保持身體的陰陽平衡:前后，上下，左右，吸氣和呼氣)”表明太極的動作，劃線詞后一句“ taichibringsaboutastateofphysicalbalanceandmentalpeace.(太極拳帶來一種身體平衡和精神平靜的狀態(tài))”可知，這些招式最終會帶來一種平衡的狀態(tài)，劃線詞與Finally（最終）意思相近。故選A。CVitamins,minerals,andmultivitaminsupplementswon’tprotectyoufromcancer,heartdisease,orhelpyoulivelonger,theUSpreventiveServicesTaskForcesaidinthenewguidelinesreleasedTuesdayintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationonJune21.Followingthereleaseofthepreviousguidelinesin2014,theTaskForcereviewed84studiestestingvitaminsinalmost700,000people,including52newstudies.However,theconclusionisstillthesameasthatof2014:Ifyouareahealthyadultwhoisnotpregnant,thereisnotenoughevidenceofbenefitstoexpandone’slifeintakingvitaminE,vitaminD,vitaminA,calciumtablets,carotene(胡蘿卜素),vitaminB3,vitaminB6,vitaminCandothersupplements.TheTaskForcedoesnotremendtakingcarotenesupplementstopreventcardiovascular(心血管)diseaseorcancer,withenoughevidencethatit“mayincreasetheriskofdeath,thedeathrateofcardiovasculardiseaseandtheriskoflungcancer”.NorshouldpeopletakevitaminE,“becausevitaminEisnotlikelytobebeneficialinreducingdeath,cardiovasculardiseaseorcancerrisk,”theTaskForcesaid.“Lifestyleremendationsforpreventingchronicdiseases(慢性病)shouldcontinuetofocusonevidencebasedmethods,includingbalancedmealsrichinfruitsandvegetablesandphysicalactivity,”Dr.JeffreyLinder,DirectorofGeneralInternalMedicineattheFeinbergSchoolofMedicineofNorthwesternUniversityinChicago,wroteinanadditionalmentary.TaketheMediterraneandietforexample.EatingtheMediterraneanway,whichfocusesonaplantbaseddiet,physicalactivityandsocialengagement,canreducetheriskforhighcholesterol,dementia(癡呆),memoryloss,depressionandbreastcancer.AndnumerousstudiesfoundmealsfromthesunnyMediterraneanregionhavealsobeenlinkedtoweightloss,strongerbones,ahealthierheartandlongerlife.AnotherevidencebasedapproachistheDASHdiet,whichstandsfor“dietaryapproachestostophypertension(高血壓)”.Manystudieshaveshownthatthisdietsuccessfullyreduceshypertension.BoththeMediterraneanandDASHdietsavoidprocessedfoodsandfocusonfruits,vegetables,beans,wholegrains,nutsandseeds.“Ratherthanfocusingmoney,time,andattentiononsupplements,itwouldbebettertoemphasizelowerrisk,higherbenefitactivities...followingahealthydiet,gettingexercise,maintainingahealthyweight,andavoidingsmoking,”Linderandhiscolleagueswrote.However,certaingroupsofpeopledoneedtotakespecificvitamins.SomeseniorsmayneedvitaminB12andvitaminB6supplementsbecausetheyabsorbfewervitaminsfromfoodastheyage.Becausetheelderlyoftenhavelesssunexposurethanyoungerpeople,theymayneedvitaminDsupplements,butthedosagemustbecheckedbythedoctor,astoomuchvitaminDintakecanbeharmful.8.WhatcanwelearnfromtheTaskForce?A.Vitaminsmustbeusefultopreventcardiovasculardiseaseorcancer.B.Doctorswanttocontrolcardiovasculardisease.C.It’snecessaryforallpeopletotakevitamins.D.Insomeregard,takingvitaminsisnotbeneficial.9.Howmanykindsofdietsarementionedtoreducedeath,cardiovasculardiseaseorcancerrisk?A.One B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.10.Accordingtothepassage,whocantakevitaminsregularly?A.A40yearoldhealthyworker. B.A15yearoldhealthyboy.C.A34yearoldhealthylady. D.A69yearoldhealthyman.11.What’sthemainideaforthetext?A.Thehistoryofvitamins.B.Thefunctionsofvitamins.C.Takingvitaminstopreventdiseasesmayfail.D.People’sattitudestowardsvitamins.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了研究表明，普通人服用維生素、礦物質(zhì)和復(fù)合維生素補(bǔ)充劑并不能降低患病風(fēng)險，也不能幫助延長壽命，建議應(yīng)該關(guān)注有據(jù)可循的方法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Vitamins,minerals,andmultivitaminsupplementswon’tprotectyoufromcancer,heartdisease,orhelpyoulivelonger,theUSpreventiveServicesTaskForcesaidinthenewguidelinesreleasedTuesdayintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationonJune21.(美國預(yù)防服務(wù)工作組在6月21日發(fā)表在《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會雜志》上的新指南中表示，維生素、礦物質(zhì)和多種維生素補(bǔ)充劑不能保護(hù)你免受癌癥、心臟病的侵害，也不能延長你的壽命)”和第三段中的“Ifyouareahealthyadultwhoisnotpregnant,thereisnotenoughevidenceofbenefitstoexpandone’slifeintakingvitaminE,vitaminD,vitaminA,calciumtablets,carotene(胡蘿卜素),vitaminB3,vitaminB6,vitaminCandothersupplements.TheTaskForcedoesnotremendtakingcarotenesupplementstopreventcardiovascular(心血管)diseaseorcancer,withenoughevidencethatit“mayincreasetheriskofdeath,thedeathrateofcardiovasculardiseaseandtheriskoflungcancer”.NorshouldpeopletakevitaminE,“becausevitaminEisnotlikelytobebeneficialinreducingdeath,cardiovasculardiseaseorcancerrisk,”theTaskForcesaid.(如果你是一個健康且沒有懷孕的成年人，那么沒有足夠的證據(jù)表明服用維生素E、維生素D、維生素A、鈣片、胡蘿卜素、維生素B3、維生素B6、維生素C和其他補(bǔ)充劑有助于延長壽命。工作組不建議服用胡蘿卜素補(bǔ)充劑來預(yù)防心血管疾病或癌癥，有足夠的證據(jù)表明它“可能會增加死亡風(fēng)險、心血管疾病死亡率和癌癥風(fēng)險”。工作組表示，人們也不應(yīng)該服用維生素E，“因?yàn)榫S生素E不太可能有助于降低死亡、心血管疾病或癌癥風(fēng)險”。)”可推知，從某些方面來說，服用維生素并沒有好處。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Lifestyleremendationsforpreventingchronicdiseases(慢性病)shouldcontinuetofocusonevidencebasedmethods,includingbalancedmealsrichinfruitsandvegetablesandphysicalactivity(預(yù)防慢性病的生活方式建議應(yīng)繼續(xù)關(guān)注有據(jù)可循方法，包括富含水果和蔬菜的均衡膳食以及體育活動)”、第五段中的“TaketheMediterraneandietforexample.(以地中海飲食為例。)”和第六段中的“AnotherevidencebasedapproachistheDASHdiet,whichstandsfor“dietaryapproachestostophypertension(高血壓)”.(另一種循證方法是DASH飲食，它代表“阻止高血壓的飲食方法”。)”可知，文中提到地中海飲食和DASH飲食兩種有助于預(yù)防慢性病、減少死亡的飲食。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“SomeseniorsmayneedvitaminB12andvitaminB6supplementsbecausetheyabsorbfewervitaminsfromfoodastheyage.Becausetheelderlyoftenhavelesssunexposurethanyoungerpeople,theymayneedvitaminDsupplements,butthedosagemustbecheckedbythedoctor,astoomuchvitaminDintakecanbeharmful.(一些老年人可能需要補(bǔ)充維生素B12和維生素B6，因?yàn)殡S著年齡的增長，他們從食物中吸收的維生素會減少。因?yàn)槔夏耆私?jīng)常比年輕人少曬太陽，他們可能需要補(bǔ)充維生素D，但劑量必須由醫(yī)生檢查，因?yàn)閿z入過多的維生素D可能有害。)”可知，一些老年人需要補(bǔ)充維生素。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段中的“Vitamins,minerals,andmultivitaminsupplementswon’tprotectyoufromcancer,heartdisease,orhelpyoulivelonger(維生素、礦物質(zhì)和多種維生素補(bǔ)充劑不會保護(hù)你免受癌癥、心臟病的侵襲，也不會幫助你活得更長)”引出主題，即維生素、礦物質(zhì)和多種維生素補(bǔ)充劑不會幫助預(yù)防疾病和延長壽命，由此可推測出，C項(xiàng)“服用維生素來預(yù)防疾病可能無效”符合題意。故選C。DSeveralyearsago,aworldwideheavyrainwaspredicted,butnoonegotpreparedforwhatwastoe.Then,someareasreceivedover100cmofrain.Carsandtrucksfloateddownthestreets.Wholebuildingsweresweptaway.Atleast225peoplelosttheirlives,andmillionsbecamehomeless.Theweatherisalwayschanging.Overthepastfewyears,heavyrainshaveledtofloodsinmanypartsoftheworld.DroughtshavetakenplaceinBrazilandAustralia.TherehavebeenheatwavesinEuropewhichkilledthousands.Therehavebeenmorepowerfulhurricanesandtornadoesthaneverbefore.In2017alone,thefinancialcostfromglobalweathereventswasupto340billiondollars.Withmorewildweathereventshappening,peoplecouldn’thelpaskingquestions:Whatishappeningwiththeweather?Andwhy?Isthisnatural,orourfault?Theanswerseemstobe:alittleofboth.Wildweatherisnatural.ButmostscientistsholdthesameviewthathumanactivityhasmadetheEarthwarmer.Itisthisglobalwarmingthatmakesheatwavesmorelikely.Thehighertemperaturesalsoresultinmorewatertogointotheair,whichcausesheavierandmorefrequentrain.Manyscientistsalsobelieveglobalwarmingmakeshurricanesandotherstormsstronger.Thismeanswe’relikelytoseemorewildweather.“Butwedon’thavetojuststandthereandacceptit,”saysscientistMichael.HeandotherexpertssayweneedtostoptheEarthfromgettingwarmer.Wealsoneedtobeprepared,todothingsthatwillhelpsavelives.12.What’sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Apastweathereventhappenedinsomeareasintheworld.B.Somefactsarelistedabouttheglobalwarming.C.Anumberofrecentweathereventshappenedovertheworld.D.Wildweatherispartlytheresultofhumanactivity.13.Howdoesparagraphtwodevelop?A.Bygivingalotofexamplesofrecentwildweatherevents.BBydescribingaseriousfloodthatoncehappened.C.Bypredictinghowtheweatherwillchangeinafewyears.D.Byparingtheformerwildweatherwithwhathappenednow14.WhatdoesscientistMichael’swordsmean?APeoplecannotdoanythingtopreventwildweather.B.Ifpeoplestopglobalwarming,theweatherwillbebetter.C.Itistoolatetostopglobalwarming.D.Peoplehavetostandbyandacceptwhatwillhappentous.15.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?A.Inatouristbrochure B.InaresearchpaperC.Inasciencefiction D.Inanaturemagazine【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，本文介紹了惡劣天氣事件的增多及背后的原因，并提出了我們應(yīng)該如何對待這一現(xiàn)象?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Then,someareasreceivedover100cmofrain.Carsandtrucksfloateddownthestreets.Wholebuildingsweresweptaway.Atleast225peoplelosttheirlives,andmillionsbecamehomeless.(當(dāng)時，一些地區(qū)的降雨量超過了100厘米。汽車和卡車沿街行駛。整座建筑物被沖走。至少225人喪生，數(shù)百萬人無家可歸)”可知，第一段描述了過去發(fā)生在世界上的一些地區(qū)的天氣事件。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Overthepastfewyears,heavyrainshaveledtofloodsinmanypartsoftheworld.DroughtshavetakenplaceinBrazilandAustralia.TherehavebeenheatwavesinEuropewhichkilledthousands.Therehavebeenmorepowerfulhurricanesandtornadoesthaneverbefore.In2017alone,thefinancialcostfromglobalweathereventswasupto340billiondollars.(在過去的幾年里，暴雨在世界許多地方導(dǎo)致了洪水。巴西和澳大利亞也發(fā)生了干旱。歐洲的熱浪造成數(shù)千人死亡。颶風(fēng)和龍卷風(fēng)的威力比以往任何時候都大。僅在2017年，全球天氣事件造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失就高達(dá)3400億美元)”可知，文章第二段列舉了很多最近惡劣天氣事件的例子。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thismeanswe’relikelytoseemorewildweather.“Butwedon’thavetojuststandthereandacceptit,”saysscientistMichael.HeandotherexpertssayweneedtostoptheEarthfromgettingwarmer.Wealsoneedtobeprepared,todothingsthatwillhelpsavelives.(這意味著我們可能會看到更多的惡劣天氣?！暗覀儾槐刂皇钦驹谀抢锝邮芩?，”科學(xué)家邁克爾說。他和其他專家表示，我們需要阻止地球變暖。我們還需要做好準(zhǔn)備，做一些有助于拯救生命的事情)”可知，邁克爾的話表明，全球變暖對氣候有影響，如果人們阻止全球變暖，天氣會更好。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theweatherisalwayschanging.(天氣總是在變化)”及第三段“Withmorewildweathereventshappening,peoplecouldn’thelpaskingquestions:Whatishappeningwiththeweather?Andwhy?Isthisnatural,orourfault?Theanswerseemstobe:alittleofboth.(隨著越來越多的惡劣天氣事件的發(fā)生，人們不禁要問：天氣怎么了？為什么？這是自然的，還是我們的錯？答案似乎是:兩者兼而有之)”可知，本文介紹了惡劣天氣事件的增多及背后的原因及我們應(yīng)該如何對待這一現(xiàn)象，文章應(yīng)該出自自然雜志。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）Today’sworkersaresufferingfromaburnout.Thedangerofthisisthatburnoutislinkedtounderperformanceandfeelingsofhopelessness.Wouldyouknowhowtofightburnout?____16____Findoutthecause.____17____Thinkbackalittleandfindoutwhenthesefeelingsdeveloped.Theaddedworkloadcancauseearlyworkdaysandlateworknights,whichcouldleaveyoutired.Tofightburnout,youmayhavetogetridofanythingthatweighsyoudown.Remember,thelessyouhaveonyourplate,thebetteryoumayfeel.Separateworkfromhomelife.Whenyoustopworkingattheendoftheday,leaveyour“officehat”intheoffice.Andwhilewe’retalkingaboutbalanceandrelaxation,makesureyouschedulerealdaysofffromwork.Noworkemails,noworktextmessages,andnowokphonecalls—adaydevotedentirelytoyou,yourfamilyandrest.Setrealisticgoals.Maybeyouhaveshorttermandlongtermgoalsforyourlife.Goalsareanexcellentmotivator.____18____Youmayfeelthatacceptingeveryadditionalassignmentatworkwillhelpyouachieveyourgoalfaster.However,thereisonlyoneofyouandifyoudon’tpaceyourself,youmaycrashbeforereachingthefinishingline.____19____Thebestsolutiontoburnoutisseekingoutrichinterpersonalmunications,andcontinualpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.Findcoachesandmentorswhocanhelpyouidentifypositiverelationshipsandlearningopportunities.Takeshortbreaksduringtheday.Whenyou’reworkingthroughouttheday,scheduleshort10minutebreakseveryhouroreveryhourandahalf.____20____Tenminutesmaynotseemlikealot,butthisrefreshercouldbethethingthatkeepyousane.A.Seekoutsocialconnections.B.Socialsupportcanbebeneficial.C.Maybetheproblemisnotyourjobitself,butratheraspecifictaskorproject.D.ButIfyoureachtoohightoofast,burnoutisunavoidable.E.Closeyoureyesforafewminutes,leaveyourputer,grabsomethingdrink,orsimplysitinyourquietofficeandclearyourmind.F.Herearesomemethodsyoucanfollowtosolvetheproblem.G.Ifyouareoverwhelmedwithwork,youprobablydon’thavealotoftimetosleep【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了幾種對待工作倦怠的方式?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Wouldyouknowhowtofightburnout?(你知道如何對抗倦怠嗎？)”及下文的建議可知，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“這里有一些你可以遵循的方法來解決這個問題”承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。【17題詳解】本段建議“找到原因”，后文“Thinkbackalittleandfindoutwhenthesefeelingsdeveloped.(回想一下，找出這些感覺是什么時候產(chǎn)生的)”表明應(yīng)該找到原因，C選項(xiàng)“也許問題不在于你的工作本身，而在于具體的任務(wù)或項(xiàng)目”表明具體的任務(wù)或者項(xiàng)目會導(dǎo)致倦怠，為找到原因的具體方案。故選C?！?8題詳解】本段建議“設(shè)置現(xiàn)實(shí)的目標(biāo)”，前文“Goalsareanexcellentmotivator.(目標(biāo)是一個很好的動力)”描述目標(biāo)的重要性，D選項(xiàng)“但如果你的目標(biāo)太高太快，倦怠是不可避免的”表示設(shè)定目標(biāo)要合理，與小標(biāo)題和后文具體的例子語境相符。故選D?！?9題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Thebestsolutiontoburnoutisseekingoutrichinterpersonalmunications,andcontinualpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.(解決倦怠的最佳方法是尋求豐富的人際交往，以及持續(xù)的個人和職業(yè)發(fā)展)”表示應(yīng)尋求人際關(guān)系的幫助，A選項(xiàng)“尋找社會關(guān)系”符合主旨。故選A。【20題詳解】前文“Whenyou’reworkingthroughouttheday,scheduleshort10minutebreakseveryhouroreveryhourandahalf.(當(dāng)你一整天都在工作時，每一小時或每一個半小時安排10分鐘的短暫休息)”表示應(yīng)短暫休息，E選項(xiàng)“閉上眼睛幾分鐘，離開電腦，喝點(diǎn)東西，或者只是坐在安靜的辦公室里，清空你的大腦”為休息方式的具體建議，符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）MountEverest(珠穆朗瑪峰),locatedinAsia,isthehighestmountainintheworld.ManyclimbershavetriedtoclimbtothetopofMountEverest’sabout29,028footpeakandabout900peoplehave____21____theclimbtoMountEverest’ssummit.OneofthemostsuccessfulclimbersisErikWeihenmayerbecauseofhis____22____.ErikWeihenmayerwas____23____aneyedisorder.Asachildhiseyesightbecame____24____andthenhelosthissighteventually.However,hedidnotlosehis____25____toleadafullandactivelife.Erikbeganclimbingwhenhewas16.Havingclimbedthetallestmountainsonfivecontinents,ErikbecamethefirstblindpersontoreachthepeakofMountEverest.____26____theageof32,Erikbeganhisclimbaspartofateam.Histeamworebellsthathecouldfollowduringhisclimb,andfellowclimberscouldquicklywarnhimofsuchthingsasabigdropontherightorabigstonetotheleft.Erik____27____hisownmethodforclimbingmountains.Healsocarriestwolongclimbingpolestofeelhisway____28____him.Erikisagoodteammember.Hedoeshis____29____ofthejob,suchassettinguptentsandbuildingsnowwalls.Duringhisclimb,Erikfacedmanydangers.He_____30_____through100m.p.hwindsandslidingmassesofsnow,iceandrock.BecausetheairbecamethinnerthehigherErikclimbed,heworeanoxygen_____31_____thathelpedhimbreatheasheclimbedhigher.IttookErikabouttwoandahalfmonthstoreachthetopofthemountain.Althoughhecouldn’t_____32_____theview,Erikfeltthe_____33_____ofbeingonthesummitofEverest.Hehopesthathissuccesswillchange_____34_____peoplethinkabouttheblind.“Whenpeoplethinkaboutablindperson,nowtheywillthinkaboutapersonstandingontopofthe_____35_____.”21.A.attempted B.survived C.observed D.created22.A.blindness B.skin C.emotion D.anxiety23.A.bornwith B.fedupwith C.awareof D.interestedin24.A.more B.less C.better D.worse25.A.solution B.determination C.harmony D.pressure26.A.On B.In C.At D.With27.A.discovered B.donated C.invented D.booked28.A.aheadof B.awayfrom C.inthemiddleof D.behind29.A.work B.share C.experiment D.project30.A.appeared B.walked C.struggled D.crawled31.A.scarf B.mask C.gloves D.cap32.A.celebrate B.advance C.inspire D.admire33.A.disappointment B.happiness C.excitement D.anger34.A.how B.what C.why D.where35A.shoulder B.world C.bridge D.people【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.D25.B26.C27.C28.A29.B30.C31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了盲人ErikWeihenmayer成功登上珠穆朗瑪峰的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：許多登山者試圖登上珠穆朗瑪峰約29028英尺頂峰，約有900人在攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的過程中幸存下來。A.attempted嘗試，努力；B.survived幸存；C.observed觀察；D.created創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)句中的“ManyclimbershavetriedtoclimbtothetopofMountEverest’s