LymphaticSystem免疫系統(tǒng)課件

LymphaticSystem淋巴系統(tǒng)LymphaticSystem淋巴系統(tǒng)AccessoryofthecardiovascularsystemTransportsandfiltersthetissuefluid,produceslymphocytesandparticipatesintheimmuneresponsesLymphaticcapillaryLymphaticSystem淋巴系統(tǒng)HeartArteryCapillariesVeinCellTissuefluidLymphaticcapillaryLymphaticvesselLymphaticnodeLymphatictrunkLymphaticductCompositionoftheLymphaticSystemLymphaticvessel淋巴管Lymphaticcapillary毛細(xì)淋巴管Lymphaticvessels淋巴管Lymphatictrunks

（nine）:淋巴干（九條）Lymphaticducts:淋巴導(dǎo)管

thoracicduct胸導(dǎo)管rightlymphaticduck

右淋巴導(dǎo)管Lymphatictissue淋巴組織Lymphaticorgan淋巴器官Lymphaticnodes淋巴結(jié)Spleen脾thymus胸腺Tonsil扁桃體Lymphaticcapillary毛細(xì)淋巴管BeginblindlyThewalliscomposedofasinglelayerofoverlappingendothelialcellsTheyarenumerousandformcomplexnetworksBefundinalltissueandorgansofthebodyexceptthecentralnervoussystem,theeyeball,theinternalear,theepidermisoftheskin,thecartilage,andtheboneLymphaticvessel淋巴管HavevalvesthatgivethemabeadedappearanceTwosetsSuperficialset:lieinthesuperficialfasciaDeepset:runwithbloodvesselsandnervesPassesthroughatleastonelymphnodeandoftenseveralLymphaticducts淋巴導(dǎo)管RightlymphaticduckThoracicductlymphnode淋巴結(jié)Smallovalorbean-shapedbodesAfferentvesselsenterthenodeonitsconvexsurface,andafferentvesselsleavethenodeatitsconcavesurface－thehilumArrangedingroups,alongthebloodvesselsTwosetsSuperficialset:lieinthesuperficialfasciaDeepset:liewithbloodvesselsRegionallymphnodes

局部淋巴結(jié)Lymphnodesofthehead

LocatedatjunctionofheadandneckConsistofOccipitallymphnodes枕淋巴結(jié)Mastoidlymphnodes乳突淋巴結(jié)Parotidlymphnodes

腮腺淋巴結(jié)Submandibularlymphnodes下頜下淋巴結(jié)

LiesnearthesubmandibularglandReceivelymphaticvesselsfromtheface,noseandmouthsubmentallymphnodes頦下淋巴結(jié)DrainintodeepcervicallymphnodesLymphnodesoftheneckAnteriorcervicalln.

頸前淋巴結(jié)Superficialanteriorcervicalln.頸前淺淋巴結(jié)Deepanteriorcervicalln.頸前深淋巴結(jié)Prelaryngeallymphnodes喉前淋巴結(jié)Thyroidlymphnodes甲狀腺淋巴結(jié)Pretracheallymphnodes氣管前淋巴結(jié)Paratracheallymphnodes氣管旁淋巴結(jié)LymphnodesoftheneckLateralcervicalln.

頸外側(cè)淋巴結(jié)

Superficiallateralcervicalln.

頸外側(cè)淺淋巴結(jié)LiealongtheexternaljugularveinDeeplateralcervicalln.

頸外側(cè)深淋巴結(jié)ExtendalongtheinternaljugularveinLymphnodesoftheneckDeeplateralcervicalln.

頸外側(cè)深淋巴結(jié)ExtendalongtheinternaljugularveinfromthebaseofskulltotherootofneckDividedintoSuperiordeeplateralcervicalln.頸外側(cè)上深淋巴結(jié)Inferiordeeplateralcervicalln.頸外側(cè)下深淋巴結(jié)Receivelymphaticvesselsfromhead,neck,tongue,larynx,cervicalpartsofesophagusandtrachea,thyroidgland,upperpartsofthethoracicwallandbreastLymphnodesoftheneckSuperiordeeplateralcervicalln.

頸外側(cè)上深淋巴結(jié)Jugulodigastricln.頸內(nèi)靜脈二腹肌淋巴結(jié)

LiesatthejunctionofposteriorbellyofdigastricandinternaljugularveinDrainthenasopharynx,palatinetonsilandrootoftougueJuguloomohyoidln.頸內(nèi)靜脈肩胛舌骨肌淋巴結(jié)

LiesatthejunctionoftheintermediatetendonofomohyoidandinternaljugularveinDraintheapexoftongueSpinalaccessoryln.副神經(jīng)淋巴結(jié)LymphnodesoftheneckInferiordeeplateralcervicalln.頸外側(cè)下深淋巴結(jié)Supraclavicularlymphnodes

鎖骨上淋巴結(jié)

Liealongtransversecervicala.&v.Scaleneln.

斜角肌淋巴結(jié)Efferentvesselsformthejugulartrunk

頸干LeftjugulartrunkjoinsthethoracicductRightjugulartrunkjointstherightlymphaticductLymphnodesoftheneckRetrophrangealln.

咽后淋巴結(jié)LyingverticallybehindthepharynxLymphnodesofupperlimb

Cubitallymphnode

肘淋巴結(jié)

LiesabovemedialepicondyleofhumerusInfraclavicularnodes鎖骨下淋巴結(jié)

(三角胸肌淋巴結(jié))

Axillarylymphnode腋淋巴結(jié)AxillarylymphnodesAxillarylymphnodesvaryinsizefromapin-headtoalargebean.Theyarearrangedinfivegroups.AxillarylymphnodesPectorallymphnodes

胸肌淋巴結(jié)LyingalongthelowerborderofpectoralisminorbehindthepectoralismajorReceivelymphvesselsfromfromlateralandcentralpartsofbreastandsuperficialvesselsfromtheanterolateralabdominalwallabovetheleveloftheumbilicusAxillarylymphnodesLaterallymphnodes

外側(cè)淋巴結(jié)AlongmedialsidedistalpartaxillaryveinReceiveslymphfromupperlimbAxillarylymphnodesSubscapularlymphnode

肩胛下淋巴結(jié)Lyingalongsubscapularvessels,infrontofthesubscapularisReceivesuperficiallymphvesselsfromtheback,downasfarastheleveloftheiliaccrestsEfferentsabovethreegroupspasstocentrallymphnodeAxillarylymphnodesCentrallymphnode

中央淋巴結(jié)LyinginthecenteroftheaxillaintheaxillaryfatReceivelymphfromtheabovethreenodesEfferentspasstoapicallymphnode

AxillarylymphnodesApicallymphnode尖淋巴結(jié)LyingattheapexoftheaxillaatthelateralborderofthefistribReceivelymphtheefferentlymphvesselsfromalltheotheraxillarynodesandsuperiorpartofbreastTheefferentsoftheapicalnodesformthesubclaviantrunk鎖骨下干LeftsubclaviantrunkjoinsthethoracicductRightsubclaviantrunkjointstherightlymphaticductAxillarylymphnodesLateralln.Pectoralln.Subscapularln.Centralln.Apicalln.SubclaviantrunklymphnodesofthethoraxlymphnodesofthethoracicwallParasternalln.胸骨旁淋巴結(jié)Intercostalln.肋間淋巴結(jié)Superiorphrenicln.膈上淋巴結(jié)LymphaticdrainageofthoraxThelymphaticdrainageofthoracicwallToaxillarylymphnodesToparasternallymphnodes(alonginternalthoracicvessels)TointercostalslymphnodesfromdeeperstructureslymphnodesofthethoraxPulmonaryln.

肺淋巴結(jié)

LieintheanglesofbifurcationofbranchinglobarbronchiBronchopulmonaryhilarln.

支氣管肺門淋巴結(jié)LieinthehilusofthelungTracheobronchialln.

氣管支氣管淋巴結(jié)SituatedaboveorbelowthebifurcationoftracheaParatrachealln.

氣管旁淋巴結(jié)

AlongeachsideofthetrachealymphnodesofthethoraxAnteriormediastinallymphnode

縱隔前淋巴結(jié)

LiesanteriortothelargebloodvesselsofthoraciccavityandpericardiumTheefferentsunitewiththoseofparatracheallymphnodesandparasternallymphnodestoformtherightandleftbronchomediastinaltrunks

支氣管縱隔干Theleftbronchomediastinaltrunkterminatesinthoracicduct,andrightintherightlymphticductPosteriormediastinallymphnodes

縱隔后淋巴結(jié)

LiealongtheesophagusandthoracicaortaLymphnodesoflowerlimbPoplitealln.

腘淋巴結(jié)EmbeddedinthefattyconnectivetissueofpoplitealfossaReceivesuperficiallymphaticvesselsfromposterolateralpartofcalf,andfromdeeplymphaticvesselsaccompanyinganteriorandposteriortibiala.Efferentspasstothedeepinguinalln.LymphnodesoflowerlimbSuperficialinguinallymphnodes

腹股溝淺淋巴結(jié)Superiorgroup

LiesjustdistaltotheinguinalligamentReceivelymphvesselsfromanteriorabdominalwallbelowumbilicus,glutealregion,perinealregion,externalgenitalorgansInferiorgroupLiesverticalalongtheterminalgreatsaphenousv.Receivesallsuperficiallymphvesselsoflowerlimb,exceptforthosefromtheposterolateralpartofcalfEfferentvesselsdrainintothedeepinguinalln.orexternaliliacln.LymphnodesoflowerlimbDeepinguinallymphnodes

腹股溝深淋巴結(jié)Liemedialtothefemoralv.Receivedeeplymphvesselsoflowerlimb,perinealregion,andefferentvesselsfromthesuperficialinguinalln.Drainintotheexternaliliacln.LymphnodesofpelvisInternaliliaclymphnode髂內(nèi)淋巴結(jié)SurroundinternaliliacvesselsReceiveafferentsfrompelvicviscera,perineum,buttockandbackofthighExternaliliaclymphnodes髂外淋巴結(jié)LiealongexternaliliacarteryReceiveafferentsfromlowerlimbandsomepartsofpelvicviscera,deeplymphvesselsfromanteriorabdominalwallbelowumbilicusSacrallymphnode骶淋巴結(jié)Commoniliaclymphnode髂總淋巴結(jié)LiealongcommoniliacarteryReceiveafferentsfromalltheabovenodesEfferentpasstolumbarlymphnodeLymphnodesofabdomenLymphaticdrainageofabdominalwallAnteriorabdominalwall:SuperficiallymphvesselstoaxillarylymphnodesanddeeplymphvesselstoparasternallymphnodesfromregionaboveumbilicusSuperficiallymphvesselsfromregionbelowumbilicustosuperficialinguinallymphnodesanddeeplymphvesselstoexternaliliaclymphnodespostwallofabdomen:TolumbarlymphnodesLymphnodesofabdomenLumbarlymphnodes腰淋巴結(jié)Lieonposteriorabdominalwall,alongtheabdominalaortaandinferiorvenacavaReceivelymphfromPairedviscera:kidneys,suprarenalglands,testes,ovaries.efferentvesselsofcommoniliacnodesdraintothelumbarlymphnodes.efferentvesselsoflumbarlymphnodesformedrightandleftlumbartrunks.LymphnodesofabdomenRightandleftgastricln.

胃左、右淋巴結(jié)Liealongthesamevesselsandfinallytotheceliacln.Rightandleftgastroomentalln.

胃網(wǎng)膜左、右淋巴結(jié)Liealongthesamevessels,theformerdrainintosubpyloricln.,thelatterdrainintosplenicln.Suprapyloricandsubpyloricln.幽門上、下淋巴結(jié)Receivelymphaticsfrompyloricpartandfinallytotheceliacln.LymphnodesofabdomenSplenicln.

脾淋巴結(jié)Receivelymphaticsfromfundusandleftthirdofstomach,andfinallytotheceliacln.Hepaticln.

肝淋巴結(jié)Superiorpancreaticln.胰上淋巴結(jié)Celiaclymphnodes

腹腔淋巴結(jié)

SituatedaroundtheceliactrunkLymphnodesofabdomenSuperiormesentericlymphnode

腸系膜上淋巴結(jié)

Situatedaroundsuperiormesenterica.Inferiormesentericlymphnode腸系膜下淋巴結(jié)

Situatedaroundinferiormesenterica.Intestinaltrunk腸干

Formedbyefferentvesselofceliac,superiorandinferiorlymphnodes上肢尖淋巴結(jié)鎖骨下干頭頸頸外側(cè)深淋巴結(jié)頸干胸部氣管旁淋巴結(jié)縱隔前淋巴結(jié)胸骨旁淋巴結(jié)支氣管縱隔干

＜左右＜＜左右左右腹部不成對臟器腹腔淋巴結(jié)腸系膜上淋巴結(jié)腸系膜下淋巴結(jié)腸干腹部成對臟器腰淋巴結(jié)腰干乳糜池胸導(dǎo)管右淋巴導(dǎo)管左靜脈角右靜脈角靜脈盆髂內(nèi)淋巴結(jié)髂總淋巴結(jié)下肢髂外淋巴結(jié)左右Thoracicduct

胸導(dǎo)管

BeginsinfrontoflowerborderofT12asadilatedsac,thecisternachyli

乳糜池,whichformedbyjoiningofleftandrightlumbartrunksandintestinaltrunkEnterthoraciccavitybypassingthroughtheaortichiatusofthediaphragmandascendsalongonthefrontofthevertebralcolumn,betweenthoracicaortaandazygosveinTravelsupward,veeringtotheleftatthelevelofT5Thoracicduct

胸導(dǎo)管

Attheroofoftheneck,itturnslaterallyandarchesforwardsanddescendstoentertheleftvenousangleJustbeforetermination,itreceivestheleftjugular,subclavianandbronchomediastinaltrunksDrainslymphfromlowerlimbs,pelviccavity,abdominalcavity,leftsideofthorax,andleftsideofthehead,neckandleftupperlimbRightlymphaticduct右淋巴導(dǎo)管Formedbyunionofrightjugular,subclavian,andbronchomediastinaltrunksEndsbyenteringtherightvenousangleReceiveslymphfromrighthalfofhead,neck,thoraxandrightupperlimbSpleen