Unit5Ontheroad現(xiàn)在分詞作定語詳解與練習(xí)原卷版

必修2unit5現(xiàn)在分詞作定語觀察以下句子：①Themanrepairingtherooffellofftheroofbecauseofhiscarelessness.②Itwasarewardingjob,sotheywentallouttodoit.③Isawthefallingleavesdriftbymywindow.④Thefollowingsuggestionswillhelpyoubreakyourhabitofsmoking.⑤Thegirlplayingthepianoinfrontoftheaudiencewasmysister.總結(jié)規(guī)律：(1)句②③④中，rewarding,falling和following為____________，在句中作________。(2)句①⑤中，repairingtheroof和playingthepiano為__________，在句中作__________。一、現(xiàn)在分詞的形式現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone現(xiàn)在分詞作定語1.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的位置一般來講，單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語通常放在被修飾名詞的前面，而現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語則放在被修飾名詞的后面。如以上例句中單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞為__________________;現(xiàn)在分詞短語為____________________。2.轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞有些作定語的現(xiàn)在分詞已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，與被修飾詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示被修飾詞的狀態(tài)。如：touching(感人的)，growing(日益增長的)，boring(令人厭倦的)，interesting(有趣的)，charming(令人著迷的)，stimulating(激勵(lì)人的)，pressing(緊迫的)，surrounding(周圍的)。如以上例句中，_________和_________為轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。Thatisareallytouchingmoment.那真是一個(gè)感人的瞬間。現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的邏輯主語現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，其邏輯主語就是被修飾的名詞。在很多情況下，作定語的現(xiàn)在分詞或短語可以改寫為定語從句。①Wevisitedthevillagelyinginthesouthofourcountry.＝Wevisitedthevillagewhich____________inthesouthofourcountry.我們參觀了位于我國南部的那個(gè)村莊。②Thewomanstandingtherelookscharming.=Thewomanwho/that___________________lookscharming.站在那邊的女人看起來有魅力。③Thepanymakingputersislocatedintheeastofthecity.=Thepanywhich________________islocatedintheeastofthecity.制造計(jì)算機(jī)的那家公司位于城市的東部。④Theteamtakingpartinthepetitionyesterdaywonthegame.=Theteamwhich________________________wonthegame.⑤Theboyingtodinnerthiseveningisaclassmateofmine.=Theboywho___________________thiseveningisaclassmateofmine.三、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的注意事項(xiàng)1.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的時(shí)間概念現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，它所表示的時(shí)間一般與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的時(shí)間相同?，F(xiàn)在分詞不但可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可以表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，還可以表示將來的動(dòng)作。判斷下面句子中現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)間概念。表示現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間B.表示過去的時(shí)間C.表示將來的時(shí)間①Wevisitedthevillagelyinginthesouthofourcountry._____________②Thewomanstandingtherelookscharming.______________③Thepanymakingputersislocatedintheeastofthecity._____________④Theteamtakingpartinthepetitionyesterdaywonthegame._____________⑤Theboyingtodinnerthiseveningisaclassmateofmine._____________現(xiàn)在分詞作定語與過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別有些不及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與其過去分詞所表達(dá)的時(shí)間形成鮮明的對(duì)比，這些不及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而過去分詞則表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。如：fallingleaves正在飄落的葉子——fallenleaves落葉boilingwater正在沸騰的水——boiledwater開水a(chǎn)developingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家——adevelopedcountry一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家therisingsun冉冉升起的太陽therisensun已經(jīng)升起的太陽注意：現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)，即havingdone和havingbeendone不能作定語。Thebridgehavingbeenrepairedseveralyearsagoisbeingused.×Thebridgerepairedseveralyearsagoisbeingused.√鞏固練習(xí)：(1)單句語法填空①．Whenwegotacall________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.②．Theboy________(read)abookbytheriverismybrother.③．Todaytherearemoreairplanes________(carry)morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.④．Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople________(watch)theopeningceremonyliveonTV.⑤．Lifeisbeautifulandevensufferingreflectssomething________(engage)．⑥．Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf________(stand)inonecorner.⑦．LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek;whenshegothome,therewasapileofmails________(wait)forher.⑧．Thecustom,________(date)backtosixhundredyearsago,isstillcelebratedinmanypartsofChina.⑨．Thetallbuilding________(build)nowisournewschool.⑩．Recentlyasurvey________(pare)pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換，將定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成現(xiàn)在分詞作定語①．Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.→Theylivedinaroom__________________．②．ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter'sfather.→Theman____________________isPeter'sfather.③．Thequestionwhichwasbeingdiscussedwaspresentedbytheheadmaster.→Thequestion________________waspresentedbytheheadmaster.④．WhoisthewomanthatistalkingtoourEnglishteacher?→Whoisthewoman____________ourEnglishteacher?⑤．Todaytherearemorethanthirtystaffwhoareworkingontwentyprojectsalloverthecountry.→Todaytherearemorethanthirtystaff____________twentyprojectsalloverthecountry.單項(xiàng)選擇1．Thenewstadium________inourcityatpresentwillbeanidealplaceforpeopletodosportsandwatchgames.A．tobuild B．tobebuilt C．building D．beingbuilt2．Themeeting________nowisofgreatimportance.A．held B．holding C．tobeheld D．beingheld3．ThePalaceMuseumhasthemostremarkablecollectionoffineclocksintheworld,mainly_________fromEuropeandChina.A．originatingB．originatedC．beingoriginatedD．havingoriginated4．Theywillstarttheirproject____athelpingthepoorchildrentobeeducatedinChina'swest.A．a(chǎn)ims B．a(chǎn)iming C．beingaimed D．a(chǎn)imed5．Don’trespondtoanyemails______personalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook．A．requestedB．RequestC．requestingD．toberequested6．Georgecautiouslytookoutapieceofnotepaperandgavemeameaningfullook,itwasatopsecret.A．toindicate B．indicated C．havingindicated D．indicating7．Switzerland'sbiggestbankUBSistotakeoveritstroubledrivalCreditSuisseinadealatpreventingafinancialcrisistospreadaroundtheworld.A．intending,threatening B．intended,threatenedC．a(chǎn)imed,threatening D．a(chǎn)iming,threatened8．Onesolutiontothisproblem______________nowissustainabledevelopment.A．discussedB．discussingC．tobediscussedD．beingdiscussed9．Asisknowntousall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry___________thethirdworld.A．belongingB．belongedC．belongingtoD．belongedto10．—Whowontheelectionformayor?—Aman________todonatewhathehadtothecity.A．promising B．promised C．ispromised D．haspromised11．Everyyear，agoodmanytouristsareattractedtovisittheoldtemple________backtotheeleventhcentury.A．dated B．dating C．todate D．beingda