2023年北京延慶初二（下）期末英語試卷及答案

第1頁/共1頁2023北京延慶初二（下）期末英語第一部分一、單項(xiàng)填空。從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1．MissBlackisakindteacher.Wealllike______.（）A．she B．her C．he D．him2．Wehaveabigfamilydinner_______ChineseNewYear'sEve．（）A．a(chǎn)t B．on C．in D．for3．Doenoughexerciseeveryday，________youwillbestronger.（）A．but B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．for4．﹣______Ireturnthebooktomorrow？﹣No，youneedn't.（）A．Shall B．Could C．Must D．Can5．TomandI______inthesameschoolsince2021.（）A．study B．studied C．willstudy D．havestudied6．HaituoMountainis______mountaininYanqing.（）A．high B．higher C．highest D．thehighest7．Ifyou______hard，youwillachieveyourgoals.（）A．willwork B．worked C．work D．a(chǎn)reworking8．Lindaisanactress.She______inherfirstplaywhenshewas13yearsold.（）A．a(chǎn)cts B．a(chǎn)cted C．willact D．hasacted9．Bequiet，please.Ourteachers______ameetingnow.（）A．have B．a(chǎn)rehaving C．havehad D．had10．Mygrandpa______hisdogforawalkat7：00yesterdaymorning.（）A．takes B．took C．wastaking D．hastaken11．﹣______willtheShenzhouXVIcrewstayinsidetheTiangongspacestation？﹣Foraboutfivemonths.（）A．Howlong B．Howfar C．Howoften D．Howmuch12．﹣Couldyoupleasetellme______YanqingMuseum？﹣NextThursday.（）A．whenwevisit B．whendowevisit C．whenwillwevisit D．whenwewillvisit二、完形填空。閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。TheHero"Hank，whyismomsleepingonthefloor？"Isaacaskedhisbrother.Hankgotonhiskneesbesidehismomandheshookherandshouted，"Mommy，WakeUp!"Shedidn'tanswer，soHanktriedagain.Isaacbegantocry."Don'tworry，Isaac.Itwillbeokay，"Hanksaid，butHankhadtothink（11）.Hewasonlyeightyearsold，whatcouldhedo？HankwastheoldestandhewastheONLYonewhocould（12）.ThenherememberedhowGrandmausedtoplayagamewithhim.Shewouldpretend（假裝）tobea911operator.Shewouldaskhimquestionslike，"Whatisyourname？""Whatisyouraddress？"Hehad（13）alltherightanswers，soheknewwhattodo.Hankcalled911.Aladyansweredthephoneandsaid，"911，whatisyouremergency？""Hankwas（14）sohetookadeepbreathandsaid，"Hello.MynameisHankRobinson.Mymomisonthefloor.Shelookslikesheissleeping，butIcan'twakeherup."ThentheladyaskedHankallthequestionshehad（15）withGrandma.Herememberedtospeakloudlyandclearlybecauseitwasimportant.SoagainHanktookadeepbreathandsaid，"Iliveat1203OakStreet，inMadison."Theladyonthe（16）toldHanknottohangupuntilsomeonecametohishouseandrangthedoorbell.SoHankstayedonthephoneandsoontwofiremencametohelp.Hanklettheminwhentheladyonthephonesaiditwas（17）.Themenhelpedmommytowakeupandthentheygavemommysomeorangejuice.Finally，shesatupandbegantofeelbetter.Shesmiledandthankedthefiremen，andtheytoldherthatHankwasa（18），becausehehelpedsavehismom'slife.（11）A.closelyB.luckilyC.cheerfullyD.quickly（12）A.cryB.standC.helpD.play（13）A.learnedB.designedC.forgottenD.written（14）A.shoutingB.changingC.shakingD.caring（15）A.sangB.practicedC.readD.texted（16）A.phoneB.floorC.radioD.ground（17）A.movableB.aliveC.valuableD.safe（18）A.creatorB.heroC.boyD.student三、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。AHi!I'mE﹣tutor，orEmma.I'mheretohelpwithanystudy﹣relatedproblems，whetherbigorsmall.Postamessageontheforumbelow.Hi，E﹣tutor.Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmyeldersister.She'snoisy.IwilltakeexamsintwoweeksandIcan'tconcentrate.Canyouhelp？LucyRe：Lucy（19）Hi，E﹣tutor.Myproblemistime!NextmonthIwillhave12examsinthreeweeks.HowcanIpossiblystudyforallofthem？Ithinkit'simpossible.RudyRe：Rudy（20）Hi，E﹣tutor.Ialwaysgetnervousbeforeexams.Istudyhard，butwhentheexamstarts，Iforgeteverything.Ifeelsostupid.HayleyRe：Hayley（21）A.Itisn'timpossiblebutyouDOhavetogetstartedNOW.Makeastudyplanandhighlightperiodsofstudytimeforeachsubject.Makeadetailedplanforthisweekandthendothesamefortheweeksahead.B.That'sacommoncomplaintbetweensisters.Whydon'tyoudiscussarotasystemsothatyouusethedeskatdifferenttimes？Ormaybeyoucouldstudyatthelocallibraryafewdaysaweek.C.Trustyourself.Whenyou'retakingyourexam，payattentiontoyouranswersanddon'tthinkaboutyourgrades.Ifyouworrytoomuch，itwon'thelpyougetgoodresults.D.Lotsofpeopleexperiencethesamethingasyoudo.Yourretellingabilitywillbeimprovedifyoujoinastudygroup.Takingturnstogivepresentationswillbehelpful.BRunningintheRightDirectionOncetherewasateenageboywhowasknownasafastrunnerinhisvillage.Heonlycaredaboutwinningeveryraceandbecomingmoresuccessful.Oneday，theboytookpartinarunningraceinhisvillage.Hewonthe200，100and50﹣meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewasproudofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause（掌聲）.Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedcompetitors，anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebutaccepted.Intherace，theboyfinishedfirst，whiletheoldmanandtheblindgirlwerestillatthestartingline.Withjoy，hewavedhishands（揮手）atthecrowd.Buttheykeptsilent."Whyarepeoplenotcheeringformelikebefore？"heaskedhisgrandfather."Starttheraceagainwiththem.Butthistime，allofyoushouldcrossthefinishlineatthesametime，"thegrandfatherreplied.Theboywassurprisedbutagreedtotherace.Duringthesecondrace，theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirlandwalkedslowlywiththemtothefinishline.Thecrowdgavethemastandingapplause.Theboyaskedhisgrandfather，"Forwhomarethepeoplecheering？Isitforme，orthem？"Thegrandfathersmiledandsaid，"Thecrowddidnotcheerforanyoneofyou.Theycheeredforhowyouallrantheracetogether."Facingtheraceoflife，whatmattersisnotjustwinning，buthowyouruntherace.（22）Aftertheboywonthe200，100and50﹣meterraces，hefelt.A.satisfiedB.surprisedC.tiredD.scared（23）Whentheboy'sgrandfatherchallengedhimtotherace，he.A.askedthecrowdtorunB.cheeredforthecompetitorsC.agreedtotakepartinitD.wavedhishandstothepeople（24）Fromhisexperience，theboylearned.A.thepowerofcheeringfortherunnersB.thevalueofhowhewontheraceoflifeC.thedifficultiesofrunningwiththedisabledD.theimportanceofhowherantheraceoflifeCMonkeysShowaSenseofFairnessMosthumansexpecttoreceivefairtreatment.Howaboutotherspecies？Totestwhetherornotsuchbehaviorisfoundinotherspecies，scientistsdesignedanexperimentforbrowncapuchinmonkeys.Thestudyshowedthatbrowncapuchinmonkeysmightfeelthesameway.Thisisthefirsttimescientistshaveseenthiskindofbehaviorinaspeciesexcepthumans.SarahBrosnan，theleaderofthestudy，chosebrowncapuchinmonkeysfortheresearchbecausecapuchinsareknowntohavestrongsocialbonds.Inotherwords，theyhavecloserelationships（關(guān)系）withothercapuchins.Theyalsocooperate，forexample，theyshareresponsibilitiesforfood﹣gatheringactivitiessuchasfindingfruittrees.Individualsweredrawnfromtwolargesocialgroupsofcaptive（人工飼養(yǎng)的）browncapuchinsfromcoloniesattheYerkesNationalPrimateResearchCenterandpairedwithapartner.Pairswereplacednexttoeachotherandtrainedtoexchange（交換）asmallrockwithresearcherswithin60secondstoreceiveareward，inmostcases，apieceofcucumber."Thatmayactuallysoundsimple，butnotverymanyspeciesarewillingtorelinquishthings，"Brosnansaid，"Thinkoftryingtotakealargebonefromadog'smouth."Onlyfemalecapuchinsweretestedbecausetheymostcloselymonitorequity，orfairtreatment，amongtheirpeers.Partnersofcapuchinswhomadetheexchangeeitherreceivedthesamereward（acucumberslice），orabetterreward（agrape，amoredesirablefood），forthesameamountofworkor，insomecases，forperformingnoworkatall.Brosnansaidtheresponse（反應(yīng)）totheunfairtreatmentwassurprising.Whenacapuchinsawitspartnergetbettertreatment，itwasunhappy.Somecapuchinsdidnotwanttocontinuethetestoreatthecucumberstheyreceived.Somethrewtheirfoodattheresearchers.Brosnan'sresearchsuggeststhereisaconnectionbetweenanimalcooperationandadislikeofunfairtreatment.However，asBrosnanexplains，"Wedon'tknowwhethermonkeysbecomecooperativeandthenlearntonotlikebeingtreatedunfairly，ortheotherwayaround.Butthatopensupawholenewresearchfield."（25）Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout.A.howBrosnandidtheresearchB.howBrosnanchosecapuchinsC.whycapuchinshadcloserelationshipsD.whycapuchinswerechosenforthestudy（26）Theword"relinquish"inparagraph3probablymeans"".A.giveawayB.takeawayC.goawayD.putaway（27）Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage？A.Capuchinscangetabetterrewardforsharingfoodtheylike.B.Scientistshavefoundthatcapuchinscareaboutfairtreatment.C.Capuchinsgothappierwhentheirpartnersgotabetterreward.D.Scientistshaveknownwhencapuchinsdevelopedthesenseoffairness.（28）Whatisthepurposeofthestudy？A.Toknowhowcapuchinslearntocooperate.B.Tofindoutifcapuchinsvaluefairtreatment.C.Tofindoutwhethercapuchinslikegrapesornot.D.Toknowhowcapuchinsexchangetherockswithpeople.DThinkbacktowhenyouwereinaclassroom，maybeamathsclassroom，andtheteachersetadifficultproblem.Whichofthetwofollowingresponsesisclosertothewayyoureacted？ABOhno，thisistoohardforme.I'mnotevengoingtoseriouslytryandworkitout.Ah，thisisquitetrickybutIliketopushmyself.EvenifIdon'tgettheanswerright，maybeI'lllearnsomethingintheattempt.Earlyinhercareer，thepsychologistCarolDweckofStanfordUniversitygaveagroupoftenyear﹣oldsproblemsthatwereslightlytoohardforthem.Onegroupreactedpositively，saidtheylovedchallengeandunderstoodthattheirabilitiescouldbedeveloped.Shesaystheyhadagrowthmindset'andarefocusedonwhattheycanachieveinthefuture.Butanothergroupofchildrenfeltthattheirintelligencewasbeingjudgedandtheyhadfailed.Theyhadafixedmindset'.Theydidn'tbelievetheycoulddoanythingtoimprovethesituation.ProfessorDweckbelievesthatthereisaproblemineducationatthemoment.Foryears，childrenhavebeenpraisedfortheirintelligenceortalent，butthismakesthemvulnerabletofailure.Theybecomeperformance﹣oriented（績效導(dǎo)向的），wantingtopleasebygettinghighgrades，buttheyarenotnecessarilyinterestedinlearning.Thesolution（解決辦法），accordingtoDweck，istopraisetheprocessthatchildrenareengagedin：makinganeffort（努力），usinglearningtipsandimproving.Thiswaytheywillbecomemastery﹣orientedandwillachievemore.Shestatesthatsustainedeffortovertimeisthekeytooutstandingachievement.Psychologistshavebeentestingthesetheories.Studentsweretaughtthatiftheylearnedsomethingnewanddifficult，theneuronsintheirbrainswouldformstrongerconnections，makingthemmoreintelligent.Thesestudentsmadefasterprogressthanacontrolgroup.Inanotherstudy，underperformingschoolchildrenwereexposedtogrowthmindsettechniquesforayear.Theresultswereamazing.Thesechildrencametopinthefinaltests.Theycametoseethatmakinganeffortwasthekeytolearning.So，backtoouroriginalquestion.IfyouansweredB，welldone﹣youalreadyhaveagrowthmindset.IfA，don'tworry；everyoneisabletobecomemastery﹣orientedwithalittleeffort.（31）ProfessorDweckprobablyagreesthat.A.developinginterestsisthekeytolearningB.developinginterestsismoreimportantthantalentC.weshouldpraisethechildrenwhentheyworkhardD.weshouldpraisethechildrenwhentheygetgoodgrades（32）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Learningnewthingscanmakethekidsworkharder.B.StudentswhoansweredAcannotachievetheirdreams.C.Learningnewthingscanhelpthekidscometopinthetests.D.Studentswhohavefixedmindsetcanbeimprovedwithefforts.（33）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.IsItImportanttoBeIntelligent？B.IsItImportanttoSolveProblems？C.DoYouHaveLimitingBeliefs？D.DoYouHavetheRightMindset？第二部分四、閱讀表達(dá)。閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容回答問題。WhereDoesChocolateComeFrom？Chocolateisafavoritefoodtomillionsofpeopleonearth.However，haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhattheoriginofchocolateis？Orhowchocolateismade？Chocolatethatweeatstartswithcacaotrees，alsocalledcocoatrees.CacaotreesgrowinawarmclimatelikeCentralandSouthAmerica，AfricaorpartsofAsia.Itisbelievedthatthegrowingofthecacaotreebegan100millionyearsagointhelowerslopesofAndesMountains.Todayabout70%ofthecacaogrownintheworldisgrowninAfrica.Thecacaodoesverywellinareasalongtheequatorwithahotandrainyclimate.Ittakesabout4yearsforthecacaotreetomature（成熟）.Thereafter，onetreeiscapableofproducingabout2，000podseveryyear.Thepodsgrowonthebranchesandtrunksofthecacaotree.Eachpodhasbetween30and40seedsinsideit.Cacaoseedsaresometimescalledthecacaobeans.Thecacaobeanisthemainingredient（原料）intheprocessofmakingchocolate.Atthechocolatefactory，thebeansarecleanedanddried.Usuallytheyareroasted（烘）forupto2hoursinlargerotatingdrums.Thecocoabeanstumbleinthesedrumslikeclothesinaclothesdryer.Afterroasting，theshellofthecocoabeanisremovedandtheinsideofthecocoabeanisthenground（磨碎）byheavysteelplates.Thisprocessformsachocolateliquid.Whenchocolateliquidismoldedandcooled，theproductiscalledunsweetenedchocolate.Sometimesthechocolateliquidismadeintodrycocoapowder.Whencocoaismade，oilfromthecocoabeanispressedoutandisknownascocoabutter.Addsugar，cocoabutter，andvanillaflavoringtounsweetenedchocolateandyouhaveachocolatecandy.Ifyoualsoaddmilk，theproductismilkchocolate.Nextthemilkchocolatemixturegoesthroughheatingandcoolingcyclesbeforebeingmolded.Finallyitismoldedintomilkchocolatecandybarsoritismadeintoten﹣poundblocksofchocolatethataresoldtoothercandybarmanufacturers.（34）Wheredocacaotreesgrow？______________________（35）Howarethecacaobeansdried？______________________（36）Whatiscocoabutter？______________________（37）Isthechocolatecandythesameasthemilkchocolate？Whyorwhynot？______________________五、請(qǐng)將下面的句子翻譯成英文。38．（1分）我爺爺很關(guān)心我。______________________39．（1分）他花太多時(shí)間發(fā)短信。______________________40．（1分）我的姑姑對(duì)我影響很大。______________________41．（1分）閱讀對(duì)我來說是一種樂趣。______________________42．（1分）遇到困難的時(shí)候，爸爸經(jīng)常鼓勵(lì)我。______________________六、文段表達(dá)。43．（10分）根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。萬般經(jīng)歷，皆是成長。生活中的每一段經(jīng)歷都為你的成長助力。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以"成長"為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)用英文寫一篇短文投稿，分享一段你難忘的經(jīng)歷，并說明這段經(jīng)歷是如何幫助你成長的。提示詞語：havedifficulty，teach，study，helpful提示問題：●Whatwasyourexperience？●Howdidtheexperiencehelpyougrow？_________

參考答案第一部分一、單項(xiàng)填空。從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1．【分析】Black小姐是一個(gè)好老師，我們都喜歡她?！窘獯稹緼．she她，主格；B．her她，賓格；C．he他，主格；D．him他，是賓格，根據(jù)空格處缺少動(dòng)詞的賓語，所以應(yīng)該用賓格，由MissBlackisakindteacher.可知這里指的是Black小姐，所以應(yīng)該用指女性的賓格。故選：B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】仔細(xì)分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握人稱代詞的用法。2．【分析】我們?cè)诔σ褂幸粋€(gè)大的家庭聚餐．【解答】at在某時(shí)，后接具體的地點(diǎn)；on在某時(shí)，后接具體的某一天的上午，下午或晚上；in后接季節(jié)，月份，年份的時(shí)間；for后接一段時(shí)間．根據(jù)空后ChineseNewYear'sEve．可知，因?yàn)樘刂赋σ?，所以此處需用介詞on．故選：B．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查介詞的用法，在熟知所供詞的含義基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)句意，從而判斷出正確答案．3．【分析】每天做足夠的運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯?！窘獯稹縝ut但是；or否則；and和；for因?yàn)椤?每天做足夠的運(yùn)動(dòng)"與"你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯"之間是順承關(guān)系，此處用"祈使句+and+陳述句"結(jié)構(gòu)。故選：C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】分析連詞的含義，結(jié)合句意作答。4．【分析】﹣﹣我明天必須還書嗎？﹣﹣不，你不必?！窘獯稹縎hall將會(huì)；Could能；Must必須；Can能。Must開頭的一般疑問句，否定回答用"No，主語+needn't."故選：C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在句中不受人稱、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)變化的影響，但是要考慮時(shí)態(tài)，交際用法等。結(jié)合語境，選擇正確答案。5．【分析】從2011年開始我和湯姆就在同一所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)?！窘獯稹縮tudy動(dòng)詞，學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since2011，可確定此題為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：have/has+過去分詞。A一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；B一般過去時(shí)；C一般將來時(shí)；D現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選：D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】理解句意的基礎(chǔ)上，把握關(guān)鍵詞，確定好時(shí)態(tài)，選擇正確答案。6．【分析】海坨山在延慶是最高的山?！窘獯稹縣igh高。選項(xiàng)A是形容詞原級(jí)；選項(xiàng)B是比較級(jí)；選項(xiàng)C是最高級(jí)；選項(xiàng)D是最高級(jí)。根據(jù)句中表示范圍的inYanqing可知空格處使用形容詞最高級(jí)形式，在最高級(jí)前加定冠詞the，因此本題答案是D。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題主要考查形容詞最高級(jí)的用法。7．【分析】如果你努力工作，你就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)?！窘獯稹縲ork工作。A.一般將來時(shí)；B.一般過去時(shí)；C.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；D.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)題干，可知if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用will+動(dòng)詞原形。故選：C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】熟悉一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法，結(jié)合題意，給出答案。8．【分析】琳達(dá)是一名演員。她13歲時(shí)第一次在劇中扮演角色?！窘獯稹縜ct扮演。A.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；B.一般過去時(shí)；C.一般將來時(shí)；D.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)whenshewas13yearsold（當(dāng)她13歲的時(shí)候）可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)。故選：B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】熟悉一般過去時(shí)的用法，結(jié)合題意，給出答案。9．【分析】請(qǐng)安靜。我們的老師現(xiàn)在正在開會(huì)。【解答】"now"是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式的標(biāo)志詞，所以本句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式。主語Ourteachers是復(fù)數(shù)，所以用arehaving.故選：B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】理解句意的基礎(chǔ)上，把握關(guān)鍵詞，確定好時(shí)態(tài)，正確答案。10．【分析】昨天早上7點(diǎn)，我爺爺正在遛狗?！窘獯稹縯ake帶走。A.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；B.一般過去時(shí)；C.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；D.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)awalkat7：00yesterdaymorning（昨天早上7點(diǎn)）可知，是過去具體的時(shí)刻，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選：C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】熟悉過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法，結(jié)合題意，給出答案。11．【分析】﹣﹣神舟十六號(hào)宇航員將在天宮空間站停留多長時(shí)間？﹣﹣大約五個(gè)月。【解答】Howlong多長，是對(duì)長度或一段時(shí)間的提問；Howfar多遠(yuǎn)，是對(duì)距離進(jìn)行提問；Howoften多久一次，是對(duì)頻率進(jìn)行的提問；Howmuch多少，詢問價(jià)格或不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量。根據(jù)答語"Foraboutfivemonths."可知上文是對(duì)一段時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問，因此疑問詞用Howlong。故選：A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】辨析每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義，結(jié)合語境選出正確的答案。12．【分析】—你能告訴我我們什么時(shí)候去參觀延慶博物館嗎？—下周四。【解答】由答語NextThursday.（下周四）可知空缺部分應(yīng)是when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句而且是將來時(shí)態(tài)，語序應(yīng)是陳述語序，B，C是疑問語序，A時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)，只有D時(shí)態(tài)（一般將來時(shí)）和語序（陳述語序）都符合。故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】掌握賓語從句語序和時(shí)態(tài)要求，分析選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合句意選擇正確答案。二、完形填空。閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。【分析】這篇短文主要講述了一個(gè)名叫Hank的八歲男孩如何救了他昏迷的媽媽的故事。Hank發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽昏倒在地上，他想起了奶奶曾經(jīng)和他玩過的一個(gè)游戲，于是他撥打了911報(bào)警電話，并回答了所有問題。接警員告訴他不要掛斷電話，很快兩名消防員趕到并幫助媽媽蘇醒過來。最后，消防員稱贊Hank是一個(gè)英雄，因?yàn)樗麕椭攘藡寢尩纳！窘獯稹浚?3）考查副詞。句意："別擔(dān)心，Isaac。一切都會(huì)好起來的，"Hank說，但Hank不得不快速思考。A.親密地；B.幸運(yùn)地；C.愉快地；D.快速地。根據(jù)whyismomsleepingonthefloor？（為什么媽媽在地上睡覺？）可知媽媽暈倒在地上，所以Hank不得不快速思考該怎么辦。故選D。（14）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：Hank是年齡最大的，他是唯一能幫得上忙的人。A.哭；B.站；C.幫忙；D.玩。根據(jù)Hankwastheoldest（Hank是年齡最大的），可知Hank是唯一能幫得上忙的人。故選C。（15）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他熟記所有正確答案，所以他知道怎么做。A.獲悉，熟記；B.設(shè)計(jì)；C.忘記；D.寫。根據(jù)ThenherememberedhowGrandmausedtoplayagamewithhim.Shewouldpretend（假裝）tobea911operator.（然后他想起了奶奶過去是如何和他一起玩游戲的。她假裝911接線員。）可知Hank知道911接線員會(huì)問一些問題，他也熟知答案，知道告訴接線員他的姓名和地址。故選A。（16）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：Hank在發(fā)抖，所以他深呼吸然后說："你好，我叫HankRobinson。我媽媽在地上。她看起來像在睡覺，但我叫不醒她。"A.大喊；B.改變；C.發(fā)抖；D.照顧。根據(jù)sohetookadeepbreath（所以他深呼吸），可知Hank因?yàn)榫o張而發(fā)抖。故選C。（17）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：然后這位女士問了Hank過去和奶奶練習(xí)過的所有問題。A.唱歌；B.練習(xí)；C.閱讀；D.發(fā)短信。根據(jù)Shewouldaskhimquestionslike，"Whatisyourname？""Whatisyouraddress？"（她會(huì)問他一些問題，例如"你叫什么名字？""你的地址在哪里？"）可知Hank過去和奶奶做游戲的時(shí)候練習(xí)過這些問題。故選B。（18）考查名詞。句意：電話里的女士告訴Hank不要掛斷電話，直到有人來到他家按響門鈴。A.電話；B.地板上；C.收音機(jī)；D.地面。根據(jù)toldHanknottohangupuntilsomeonecametohishouseandrangthedoorbell（告訴Hank不要掛斷電話，直到有人來到他家按響門鈴），可知是911接線員，也就是電話里的女士。故選A。（19）考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)電話里的女士說這是安全的，Hank才讓他們進(jìn)來。A.可移動(dòng)的；B.活著的；C.有價(jià)值；D.安全的。根據(jù)Hankletthemin（Hank讓他們進(jìn)來），可知是電話里的女士告訴Hank這是安全的。故選D。（20）考查名詞。句意：她微笑著感謝消防員，他們告訴她Hank是英雄，因?yàn)樗麕椭攘藡寢尩拿?。A.創(chuàng)造者；B.英雄；C.男孩；D.學(xué)生。根據(jù)becausehehelpedsavehismom'slife（因?yàn)樗麕椭攘藡寢尩拿?，可知消防員告訴Hank的媽媽，Hank是英雄。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】首先通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結(jié)合所學(xué)語法，運(yùn)用排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對(duì)答案。三、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。【分析】本文介紹了線上家教回答了Lucy，Hayley和Rudy關(guān)于各自的學(xué)習(xí)問題?！窘獯稹考?xì)節(jié)推理題。（21）根據(jù)表格中的Hi，E﹣tutor.Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmyeldersister.She'snoisy.IwilltakeexamsintwoweeksandIcan'tconcentrate.Canyouhelp？Lucy（嗨，線上家教。我和姐姐共用一間臥室和一張桌子。她很吵。我兩周后要考試，我無法集中注意力。你能幫忙嗎？Lucy）可知，B選項(xiàng)"這是姐妹之間常見的抱怨。你為什么不討論輪換制，這樣你就可以在不同的時(shí)間使用辦公桌呢？或者你可以每周在當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館學(xué)習(xí)幾天。"符合Lucy情況答復(fù)，故選：B。（22）根據(jù)表格中的Hi，E﹣tutor.Myproblemistime!NextmonthIwillhave12examsinthreeweeks.HowcanIpossiblystudyforallofthem？Ithinkit'simpossible.Rudy（嗨，線上家教。我的問題是時(shí)間！下個(gè)月我將在三周內(nèi)參加12次考試。我怎么可能全部參加呢？我認(rèn)為這是不可能的。Rudy）可知，A選項(xiàng)"這不是不可能的，但你必須現(xiàn)在就開始。制定一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃，并突出每門課的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。為本周制定一個(gè)詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃，然后為未來幾周制定同樣的計(jì)劃。"符合Rudy情況答復(fù)，故選：A。（23）根據(jù)表格中的Hi，E﹣tutor.Ialwaysgetnervousbeforeexams.Istudyhard，butwhentheexamstarts，Iforgeteverything.Ifeelsostupid.Hayley（嗨，線上家教。考試前我總是很緊張。我很努力學(xué)習(xí)，但考試開始時(shí)，我什么都忘了。我覺得自己太笨了。Hayley）可知，C選項(xiàng)"相信自己。當(dāng)你參加考試時(shí)，要注意你的答案，不要考慮你的成績。如果你太擔(dān)心，那對(duì)你取得好成績沒有幫助。"符合Hayley情況答復(fù)，故選：C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息?！痉治觥窟@篇短文主要講述了一個(gè)年輕人在比賽中獲勝后，通過與老人和盲女一起參加比賽，意識(shí)到比賽中不僅僅是贏得勝利，更重要的是如何一起奔跑。他的祖父告訴他，人們?yōu)樗麄円黄鸨寂艿姆绞蕉鴼g呼，而不是為個(gè)人的勝利而歡呼。這個(gè)故事告訴我們，在生活的競(jìng)爭中，重要的不僅僅是獲勝，更重要的是如何去奔跑?！窘獯稹浚?4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Hewonthe200，100and50﹣meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewasproudofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause.（他毫無問題地贏得了200米、100米和50米比賽。他為自己感到自豪，獲得了熱烈的掌聲。）可知這個(gè)男孩贏得了20米、100米和50米的比賽后，他感到很滿意。故選A。（25）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedcompetitors，anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebutaccepted.（但是他的祖父介入了，并向他挑戰(zhàn)，要他和兩個(gè)意想不到的對(duì)手賽跑，一個(gè)老人和一個(gè)盲女。男孩覺得難以置信，但還是接受了。）可知男孩接受了祖父的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。（26）主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Facingtheraceoflife，whatmattersisnotjustwinning，buthowyouruntherace.（面對(duì)人生的賽跑，重要的不是輸贏，而是如何跑。）可知這個(gè)故事告訴我們，在生活的競(jìng)爭中，重要的不僅僅是獲勝，更重要的是如何去奔跑。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。【分析】這篇短文主要講了研究人員通過實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，除了人類之外，棕色卷尾猴也具有公平意識(shí)。研究人員選擇了棕色卷尾猴進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，因?yàn)樗鼈冎g有著緊密的社交聯(lián)系，并且能夠合作。實(shí)驗(yàn)中，棕色卷尾猴被訓(xùn)練用石頭與研究人員交換以獲取獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。當(dāng)它們看到伙伴得到更好的待遇時(shí)，它們會(huì)感到不滿。這項(xiàng)研究表明動(dòng)物的合作與不喜歡不公平待遇之間存在聯(lián)系，但具體的關(guān)系還需要進(jìn)一步研究?！窘獯稹浚?7）段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段SarahBrosnan，theleaderofthestudy，chosebrowncapuchinmonkeysfortheresearchbecausecapuchinsareknowntohavestrongsocialbonds.Inotherwords，theyhavecloserelationshipswithothercapuchins.Theyalsocooperate，forexample，theyshareresponsibilitiesforfood﹣gatheringactivitiessuchasfindingfruittrees.（該研究的負(fù)責(zé)人SarahBrosnan選擇棕色卷尾猴作為研究對(duì)象，因?yàn)楸娝苤砦埠锞哂泻軓?qiáng)的社會(huì)關(guān)系。換句話說，它們與其他卷尾猴有著密切的關(guān)系。它們也會(huì)合作，例如，它們共同負(fù)責(zé)食物采集活動(dòng)，比如尋找果樹。）可知第二段主要講為什么選擇卷尾猴作為研究對(duì)象。故選D。（28）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段"Thatmayactuallysoundsimple，butnotverymanyspeciesarewillingtorelinquishthings，"Brosnansaid，"Thinkoftryingtotakealargebonefromadog'smouth."（"這聽起來可能很簡單，但并不是很多物種愿意﹣﹣﹣一些東西，"Brosnan說，"想想試圖從狗嘴里取下一大塊骨頭。"）聯(lián)系前后句可猜測(cè)出下劃線單詞relinquish意思為放棄。故選A。（29）主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Brosnan'sresearchsuggeststhereisaconnectionbetweenanimalcooperationandadislikeofunfairtreatment.However，asBrosnanexplains，"Wedon'tknowwhethermonkeysbecomecooperativeandthenlearntonotlikebeingtreatedunfairly，ortheotherwayaround.Butthatopensupawholenewresearchfield."（Brosnan的研究表明，動(dòng)物的合作與對(duì)不公平待遇的厭惡之間存在聯(lián)系。然而，正如Brosnan解釋的那樣，"我們不知道猴子是變得合作，然后學(xué)會(huì)不喜歡被不公平對(duì)待，還是相反。但這開辟了一個(gè)全新的研究領(lǐng)域。"）可知科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)卷尾猴在乎公平待遇。故選B。（30）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Brosnan'sresearchsuggeststhereisaconnectionbetweenanimalcooperationandadislikeofunfairtreatment.However，asBrosnanexplains，"Wedon'tknowwhethermonkeysbecomecooperativeandthenlearntonotlikebeingtreatedunfairly，ortheotherwayaround.Butthatopensupawholenewresearchfield."（Brosnan的研究表明，動(dòng)物的合作與對(duì)不公平待遇的厭惡之間存在聯(lián)系。然而，正如Brosnan解釋的那樣，"我們不知道猴子是變得合作，然后學(xué)會(huì)不喜歡被不公平對(duì)待，還是相反。但這開辟了一個(gè)全新的研究領(lǐng)域。"）可知Brosnan研究目的是為了了解卷尾猴是否重視公平待遇。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查?！痉治觥慷涛闹饕v述了心態(tài)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和成就的影響。心理學(xué)家的研究也證明了這一觀點(diǎn)，學(xué)生們通過學(xué)習(xí)新的困難知識(shí)可以加強(qiáng)大腦神經(jīng)連接，從而取得更好的學(xué)習(xí)成績。所以，無論你是A還是B，只要付出努力，每個(gè)人都能培養(yǎng)出成長型心態(tài)?！窘獯稹浚?1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)IfyouansweredB，welldone﹣youalreadyhaveagrowthmindset.（如果你回答B(yǎng)，做得好——你已經(jīng)有了成長的心態(tài)。）可知，Dweck教授可能同意當(dāng)孩子們努力工作時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該表揚(yáng)他們，故選：C。（32）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中的Thesolution，accordingtoDweck，istopraisetheprocessthatchildrenareengagedin：makinganeffort，usinglearningtipsandimproving.Thiswaytheywillbecomemastery﹣orientedandwillachievemore.（Dweck認(rèn)為，解決辦法是贊揚(yáng)孩子們所參與的過程：努力、使用學(xué)習(xí)技巧和提高。這樣，他們就會(huì)變得以掌握為導(dǎo)向，并取得更多成就。）可知，我們能從這篇文章中學(xué)到有固定心態(tài)的學(xué)生可以通過努力得到改善，故選：D。（33）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，短文主要講述了心態(tài)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和成就的影響。因此這篇文章的最佳標(biāo)題是D選項(xiàng)"你有正確的心態(tài)嗎？"故選：D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。第二部分本部分根據(jù)題目要求，完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。四、閱讀表達(dá)。閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容回答問題。【分析】本文講述了可可傳入歐洲的歷史，可可樹的種植，巧克力和可可飲料的制作過程?！窘獯稹浚?4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段CacaotreesgrowinawarmclimatelikeCentralandSouthAmerica，AfricaorpartsofAsia.（可可樹生長在溫暖的氣候中，如中美洲、南美洲、非洲或亞洲部分地區(qū)。）可知，可可樹生長在中美洲、南美洲、非洲或亞洲部分地區(qū)。故填：TheygrowinCentralandSouthAmerica，AfricaorpartsofAsia.（35）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Atthechocolatefactory，thebeansarecleanedanddried.Usuallytheyareroastedforupto2hoursinlargerotatingdrums.Thecocoabeanstumbleinthesedrumslikeclothesinaclothesdryer.（在巧克力工廠，咖啡豆被清洗和干燥。通常它們?cè)诖笮托D(zhuǎn)桶中烘烤長達(dá)2小時(shí)?？煽啥乖谶@些鼓里翻滾，就像衣服在干衣機(jī)里翻滾一樣。）可知，可可豆被放在大型旋轉(zhuǎn)桶中烘烤長達(dá)2小時(shí)。故填：Theyareroastedforupto2hoursinlargerotatingdrums.（36）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Whencocoaismade，oilfromthecocoabeanispressedoutandisknownascocoabutter.（制作可可時(shí)，可可豆中的油被榨出，被稱為可可脂。）可知，可可脂是可可豆中的油。故填：Itisoilfromthecocoabean.（37）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Addsugar，cocoab