英語(yǔ)北師大版選修8習(xí)題Unit22EnvironmentalProtection22.4

municationWorkshop課時(shí)過(guò)關(guān)·即時(shí)鞏固一、單詞拼寫(xiě)1Thelittleboyaskedhisfathertohelptosthepencil.

答案:sharpen2Infact,hiswordshavebeencatthebottomofherheart.

答案:carved3Canyou(計(jì)算)howmuchwewillspendonthetravel?

答案:calculate4Hermotheris(體貼的)andwealllikeher.

答案:considerate5Maize(進(jìn)化)fromawildgrassinMexico.

答案:evolved二、短語(yǔ)填空asamatteroffactbreakawayfromplugone’searsontheincreaseallthebest1Thenumberofpeopleaskingtogothereis.

答案:ontheincrease2Here’swishingyouintheingyear.

答案:allthebest3Theprisonertriedtothepolice,butfailed.

答案:breakawayfrom4Haveyouheardofthestory“whilestealingabell”?

答案:Plugone’sears5,Idon’tlikehissongsatall.

答案:Asamatteroffact三、閱讀理解A“Globalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorter,”warnscientistswhoclaimtohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworld’sfirsthorsestoshrinknearly50millionyearsago.Infact,ateamfromtheuniversitiesofFloridaandNebraskasaysithasfoundalinkbetweentheEarthheatingupandthesizeofmammals—horses,inthiscase,thelasttimetheworldheatedup.Thescientistsusedfossilstofollowtheevolutionofhorsesfromtheirearliestappearance56millionyearsago.Astemperatureswentup,theirsizewentdown,andviceversa;atonepointtheywereassmallasahousecat,saidDrJonathanBloch,curator(館長(zhǎng))oftheFloridaMuseumofNaturalHistory,wasquotedbytheDailyMailassaying.Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffectonmammals—andcouldevenmakehumanssmaller.“Horsesstartedoutsmall,aboutthesizeofasmalldoglikeaminiatureschnauzer(雪納瑞犬).What’ssurprisingisthataftertheyfirstappeared,theythenbecameevensmallerandthendramaticallyincreasedinsize,andthatexactlycorrespondstotheglobalwarmingevent,followedbycooling.Ithadbeenknownthatmammalsweresmallduringthattimeandthatitwaswarm,butwehadn’tunderstoodthattemperaturespecificallywasdrivingtheevolutionofbodysize,”DrBlochsaidintheSciencejournal.1Howdidthescientistsfindouttheevolutionofhorses?A.Byusingfossils.B.Byfollowingthehorses.C.Byheatingup.D.Bystudyingcats.解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知,科學(xué)家用化石來(lái)追溯馬從5,600萬(wàn)年前誕生至今的進(jìn)化歷程。答案:A2WhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?A.Globalwarminghashappenedmorethanonce.B.TheEarthheatingupwasconnectedwiththesizeofhorses.C.HorsesfirstappearedontheEarth56millionyearsago.D.Thepresentglobalwarmingissuretomakehumansshorter.解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可知,當(dāng)前的全球變暖“可能”而不是“必定”會(huì)讓人類(lèi)的個(gè)子變矮。答案:D3Whatdoestheunderlinedword“miniature”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Small. B.Large.C.Natural. D.Gentle.解析:詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)單詞“miniature”中的前綴“mini(小的)”可知。另外,根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞miniature出現(xiàn)的句子的語(yǔ)境“馬最初的個(gè)頭很小,和一只小狗的個(gè)頭差不多,大約也就像一只……雪納瑞犬那么大”可知。答案:A4Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.GlobalWarmingCouldMakeHumansShorterB.ScientistsfromFloridaandNebraskaC.HorsesUsedtoBeLikeCatsD.DrJonathanBloch解析:標(biāo)題概括題。科學(xué)家們研究發(fā)現(xiàn)“地球溫度的變化影響著哺乳動(dòng)物身體的大小”,繼而科學(xué)家發(fā)出警告,全球變暖可能會(huì)使人類(lèi)變矮。故選項(xiàng)A作為標(biāo)題最佳。答案:ABAUGUSTA,Maine—RepaircrewsfromMainetoMichiganandintoCanadaworkedtorestorepowertomorethanhalfamillionhomesthatwereleftinthedarkbylastweekend’sicestorm,whichhasbeenlinkedto27deaths.IntheUnitedStates,thestormcausedatleast17deathsonChristmasDay,fromtrafficaccidentsandcarbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)poisoning.InCanada,10peoplewerereporteddead,includingsevenwhowerereporteddeadfromapparentcarbonmonoxidepoisoning.PolicesaidfivepeopleinOntariodiedafterusinggastoheattheirhomenortheastofTorontoandtwoinQuebecinawoodenhouse.Earlier,threepeoplewerekilledineasternCanadainhighwaycrashesblamedonsevereweatherconditions.TheicestormlastweekendwasoneoftheworsttohitduringaChristmasweek,andrepaircrewswereworkingaroundtheclocktorestoreservice.AstemperaturesdecreasedsharplyinToronto,authoritiesreportedasuddenjumpincallsforhelpforsuspectedcarbonmonoxidepoisoning,respondingto110callsina24hourperiod.Officialssaidtheytypicallysee20suchcallsaday.Fireofficialswarnedpeoplenottouseanythingthatwouldburninsideahome,andevencautionedagainstusingalotofcandles.“Iunderstandtheywanttokeepwarm,butyoucannotdothis.Thisisdeadly,”TorontoMayorRobFordsaidTuesday.InToronto,about72,000customersremainedwithoutpoweronChristmasmorning.ElsewhereinOntario,about30,000customerswerestillinthedark.TensofthousandsofhomeswerestillwithoutpoweronWednesdayinMichigan,downfrommorethan500,000atthestorm’speak(頂峰).Mainehadabout60,000withoutpower.CanadianofficialswarnedthatsomecustomerscouldbewithoutpoweruntilSaturday.5WhatisthemaincauseofthedeathinCanada?A.Theirhouses’burningdown.B.Trafficaccidentsonhighways.C.Carbonmonoxidepoisoning.D.Usinglotsofcandlesathome.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)前三段內(nèi)容“在加拿大10個(gè)死亡的人當(dāng)中有7人死于一氧化碳中毒”,再結(jié)合第五段內(nèi)容可知,一氧化碳中毒是造成這些人死亡的主要原因。答案:C6Whywasthereajumpincallsforhelp?A.Becausetherewasasuddendropintemperature.B.Becausemanycrasheshappenedonthehighway.C.Becausealotofpeoplewantedtoordercandles.D.Becausepeoplecouldn’tgetouttopaytheirbills.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段可知,氣溫急劇下降,許多人打求助。答案:A7Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Therepairworkhasn’tbeenfinished.B.Theicestormlastweekendwastheworst.C.Fireofficialsdidn’tgivepeoplewarning.D.Theicestormisatitspeakatthemoment.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句可知,停電將持續(xù)到周六,由此推斷電力維修尚未完成。答案:A8What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ColdChristmaseswithoutPowerB.IceStormLeavesManyHouseswithoutPowerC.IceStormCausesManyDeathsonRoadD.TheWorstDisasterHappensinCanada解析:標(biāo)題概括題。這是一則新聞,文章第一段是新聞內(nèi)容的概括,由此得出答案。答案:B四、七選五閱讀理解Alaughtrack,sometimescalledcannedlaughter,isacollectionofprerecordedaudiencelaughterandapplausesoundsaddedtotelevisionprogramsduringpostproduction.Themainpurposeofthetrackistotrigger(激發(fā))aresponsefromhomeviewerswhomaynotunderstandalloftheintendedhumourwhenwatchingatapedsit(situationedy).1Therefore,cannedlaughtercausesnaturalreactionstoedies.

2TheproducersoftheHankMcCuneShowaddedcannedlaughteraftertheshow’staping.Untilthattime,otherradioandtelevisionediesusedalivestudioaudienceornocannedlaughteratall.In1953,asoundengineernamedCharleyDouglassinventedtheLaffBox,asmallelectronicdevice(裝置)containingnumeroussoundsofrecordedlaughterandapplause.ItissaidthatCharleyDouglassselectedalmostallofhislaughtrackmaterialfrominstudiorecordingsofseveraldifferentedyshows.3

Duringthe1970s,manysitschosetogetridofthepracticealtogetherormixliveaudiencereactionswiththecannedlaughter.Filmingashowinfrontofaliveaudiencebecameasymbolofhonour.4Liveaudiencesdidnotalwaysprovideausableresponse,especiallyafteralongdayofretakes.

Today,thesamepan