中考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷2

模擬考試試卷

英語(yǔ)

本試卷分為第1卷（選擇題）和第n卷（非選擇題）兩部分。第I卷第1頁(yè)至第8頁(yè)，

第II卷第9頁(yè)至第11頁(yè)。試卷滿分120分。請(qǐng)同學(xué)們將第I卷客觀題部分的答案寫在第12

頁(yè)的答題紙上。

第I卷（選擇題共四大題共75分）

一、聽(tīng)力理解（本大題共30小題，每小題1分，共30分）

A）.在下列每小題內(nèi)，你將聽(tīng)到一個(gè)句子并看到供選擇的三幅圖片。找出能描

述你所聽(tīng)句子的最佳圖片。

B）.在下列每小題內(nèi)，你將聽(tīng)到一個(gè)問(wèn)句并看到供選擇的三個(gè)答語(yǔ)。找出能回答你所聽(tīng)到的

那個(gè)問(wèn)句的最佳選項(xiàng)。

5.A.Yes,Ido.B.Basketball,Ithink.C.No,Idon't.

6.A.Yes,shewas.B.ShewatchedTV.C.Shewascooking.

7.A.Onceamonth.B.Threetimes.C.Foramonth.

8.A.Youcan'tsmokehere.

B.Thereisn'tanysmokehere.

C.Youmaysmokehere.

9.A.Yes,thisisTommy.

B.I'mLinTao.

C.HeismyEnglishteacher.

10.AItwasaboutahandsomeman.

B.Yes,itwasveryinteresting.

C.Ithoughtitwasverygreat.

11.A.Athome.

B.It'sonJanuary5th.

C.Tilhaveapartythen.

12.A.Sure,I'dloveto.

B.Ilikeitverymuch.

C.Ilikethefilm.

13.A.Thankyou.

B.Idon'tliketheseaside.

C.Whatagoodidea!

14.A.Yes,please.B.Easy.C.Iwilltrymybest.

C).下面你將聽(tīng)到十組對(duì)話，每組對(duì)話都有一個(gè)問(wèn)題。根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從每組所給的三

個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找出能回答所提問(wèn)題的最佳選項(xiàng)。

15.WhatdoesMrBrowntellLiMeitodo?

A.WorryaboutEnglish.

B.Practicereading.

C.JoinanEnglishclub.

16.Whoshouldcleantheclassroom?

A.Kathy.B.Steve.C.KathyandSteve.

17.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?

A.Somemedicine.B.Someflowers.C.Somefood.

18.Whydotheywanttoopenthewindow?

A.It'stoohot.

B.It'stoodark.

C.Theairisn'tfresh.

19.Whenisthewomanfree?

A.Nextmorning.B.Thisevening.C.Tomorrownight.

20.Howwillthegirlgotoschool?

A.Bybike.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.

21.Whatdoesthewomanwant?

A.Aroomwithabath.

B.Aroomwitharadio

C.Aroomwithaseaview.

22.WhywasTomlateforschool?

A.Hemissedthebus.

B.Hegotuplate.

C.Hewalkedtoschooltooslowly.

23.What'sPeterbusywith?

A.Hishobbies.B.Hishomework.C.Sleep.

24.Howmanystampswillthewomanbuy?

A.5.B.6.C.7.

D).聽(tīng)下面長(zhǎng)對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選

項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)下面一段材料，回答第25至第27題。

25.WhatdoestheboywantforChristmas?

A.Abike.B.Avolleyball.C.Atoy.

26.WhoactedJosephlastyear?

A.Theboy.B.Thegirl.C.Anne.

27.WhatdoesthegirllikeaboutChristmas?

A.Thepresents.B.Theprograms.C.Thesongs.

聽(tīng)下面一段材料，回答第28至第30題。

28.HowoldwasTom?

A.6.B.7.C.8.

29.WherecanthemanfindTomonSundays?

A.Athome.B.Intheopenair.C.Inhisclassroom.

30.WhatdidtheteacheraskTomtodo?

A.Washhishands.

B.Writesomenewwords.

C.Cleantheblackboard.

二、單項(xiàng)填空（本大題共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）

從下列每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

31.Tomlikeshistory.HeisstudyinghistoryofChina.

A./;aB./;theC.the;/D.a;/

32.Whichisthewaytothe

A.shoefactoryB.shoesfactory

C.shoe'sfactoryD.shoes,factory

33.-Whenshallwemeetagainnextweek?

dayispossible.Ifsnoproblemwithme.

A.EitherB.NeitherC.EveryD.Any

34.Hewillcallmeassoonashethecity.

A.reachesB.reached

C.willreachD.isreaching

35-Icalledyoulastnightbutnooneansweredthephone.

-Idinnerwithmyfriendsintherestaurant.

A.haveB.hadC.washavingD.havehad

36.Shedoesn'tliketoablackdress.

A.wearB.putonC.dressD.putin

37.Thepopulationoftheworldin20thcenturybecameverymuch

thanthatin19th.

A.biggerB.largerC.greaterD.more

38.-Mytrousersare.

-I'llbuyyouanewpair.

A.woreoutB.wornoutC.wearingoutD.soldout

39.1didn'tbuythedictionaryyesterdaymyauntwouldgivemeone.

A.untilB.ifC.becauseD.before

40.Heaskedhisfather

A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappen

C.howdidithappenD.howithappened

41.Jack'sbrotherdoesn'tworksoasJack.

A.harderB.hardC.hardestD.hardly

42.Youmaygofishingifyourwork.

A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone

43.Todaysomenewly-producedmobilephonescantakepicturesacamera.

A.asB.forC.likeD.of

44.Tomisacookideasarechangingschooldinners.

A.thatB.whoC.whoseD.whom

45.-I'msorryIbrokeyourcoffeecup.

-Oh,really?.

A.You'rewelcomeB.Idon'tknow

C.it'sOKwithmeD.Itdoesn'tmatter

三、完形填空（本大題共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A,B,C,D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

HowcanyouthinkinEnglish?Ithinkthebestwayistopracticeaswhatafootballplayer

doeseveryday.Duringthe46thefootballplayerwillpasstheballtohisteammatesover

andoveragain.Sohewon'thaveto47passingtheballinthegame,hewilljustdoit.You

can48yourselftothinkinEnglishthisway.Thefirststepistothinkofthewordsthatyou

usedaily,simpleeverydaywords49bookorshoeortree.Forexample,wheneveryou50

a"book"youshouldthinkofitinEnglishinsteadofinyourmotherlanguage.

AfteryouhavelearnedtothinkofseveralwordsinEnglish,thenmoveontothenext

step—thinkingin51.Listeningandrepeatingisaveryuseful52tolearnalanguage.

Listenfirstanddon'tcaretoomuchabout53youfullyunderstandwhatyou'rehearing.Try

torepeatwhatyouhear.Themoreyoulisten,the54youlearn.Afteryoureachahigher

level,55havingconversationswithyourselfinEnglish.Thiswillleadyoutothinkin

English.

46.A.practiceB.breakC.gameD.day

47.A.waitforB.thinkaboutC.lookatD.giveup

48.A.allowB.trainC.tellD.ask

49.A.inB.aboutC.likeD.from

50.A.buyB.keepC.borrowD.see

51.A.sentencesB.passagesC.lessonsD.classes

52.A.ideaB.stepC.wayD.pan

53.A.whichB.whetherC.howD.why

54.A.harderB.lessC.laterD.more

55.A.rememberB.stopC.startD.finish

四、閱讀理解（本大題共10小題，每小題2分洪20分）

閱讀下面的短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C,D選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

OnedayBobtookofhisfriendsintothemountains.Theyputuptheirtentsandthenrode

horsestoaforesttoseehowthetreesweregrowing.

Intheafternoonwhentheywereabouttenkilometresfromtheircamps,itstartedtosnow.

Soontheyevencouldnotseetheirhandsclearlybeforetheirfaces.Theycouldnotfindtheroad.

Bobknewthereweretworoads.Oneroadledtothecamp,andtheotherledtohishouse.But

everythingwasthesamewhiteassnow.Howcouldhetakehisfriendsbacktothecamp?

Bobhadanidea.Thehorses!Bobthought,44Letthehorsestakeusback!Butwhatwould

happenifthehorsestooktheroadtomyhouse?Thatwouldbeatripofthirty-fivekilometresin

suchcoldweather!We'dbetterfindourtents.^^

Itwasgettinglate.Theyrodeonandon.Atlastthehorsesstopped.Wherewerethey?None

ofthemcouldtell.Boblookedaroundandfoundasmallwhite“hill"underatree.Itwasamazing.

Infact,theyfoundoneoftheirtents!

56.Bobandhistwofriendswenttotheforestto.

A.buildtheircamp

B.findtheirwayhome

C.enjoythemountainsinthesnow

D.watchthetreesintheforest

57.Theycouldnotfindtheirwaybackbecause.

A.therewereonlyoneroadtotheircamp

B.theyhadlosttheirhorses

C.theroadswerecoveredwithwhitesnow

D.therewerenoroadsinthemountainsatall

58.Bobwantedthehorsestotakethemto.

A.hishouseB.theircamp

C.asmallhillD.themountains

59.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Animalsaresometimesveryhelpful.

B.It'sexcitingtocampincoldwinter.

C.Oneshouldn'tgocampaloneintheforest.

D.Tentsarenecessaryforpeoplewhowanttocampintheforest.

B

OncealittleboywantedtomeetLove.HeknewitwasalongtriptowhereLovelived,sohe

gothisthingsreadywithsomepizzasanddrinksandstartedoff.Whenhepassedthreestreets,he

sawanoldwomansittingintheparkandwatchingsomebirds.Shelookedveryhungry.Theboy

gaveherapizza.Shetookitandsmiledathim.Thesmilewassobeautifulthathewantedtoseeit

again,sohegaveheraCoke.Onceagainshesmiled.Theboywasveryhappy.

Theysatthereallafternoon,eatingandsmiling,buttheysaidnothing.Whenitgrewdark,the

boydecidedtoleave.Butbeforehehadgonemorethanafewsteps,heturnedaround,ranbackto

theoldwomanandgaveherahug.Thewomangavehimherbiggestsmileever.

Whentheboyopenedthedoorofhishouse,hismotherwassurprisedbythelookofjoyon

hisfaceandaskedwhathadmadehimsohappy.4tIhadlunchwithLove.Shehasgotthemost

beautifulsmileintheworld.”

Atthesametime,theoldwoman'ssonwasalsosurprisedathismother'spleasureandasked

why.

“IateapizzaintheparkwithLove,,,shesaid,“andheismuchyoungerthanIexpected.,,

Iftheworldisfulloflove,wecanenjoyabetterlife.

60.Whenthelittleboysawtheoldwoman,shewas.

A.lookingforaseatintheparkB.passingthestreet

C.lookingatsomebirdsD.havingapizza

61.ThelittleboygavetheoldwomanaCokebecause.

A.theoldwomanstillfelthungry

B.hewantedtoseethesmileagain

C.hedidn'tlikethedrink

D.theoldwomanpaidhimforit

62.Theword“hug"inthepassagemeansinChinese.

A.親吻B.擁抱C.道歉D.鞠躬

C

Peopleknowthedangersoffires.It'sgoodforafamilytolearnhowtoprepareforafire.

Herearesomesuggestions.

Putasmokealarminthehouse.Smokefromafirecausesthealarmtogooff.Thealarm

makesaloudsound.Thesoundtellseveryonetoleavethehouseatonce.

Makeescape（逃脫）plans.Theyshouldknowallthewaysoutofthehouse.Ifthereisafire,

everyonefollowstheplantogetout.Partoftheplanistocheckallthewindowstomakesurethey

canbeopenedeasily.

Buyfireextinguishers（滅火器）inthehouse.Everyoneinthefamilyshouldknowhowto

usethem.

Practiceforafire.Everyoneinthefamilyshouldknowthefollowingfirerules:

★Don'topenahotdoor!Thefirecangrowmorequicklyifyouopenthedoor.

★Stayclosetothefloor!Smokecanbemoredangerousthanfire.

Thebestairisnearthefloorbecausesmokerises.

★Whatwillyoudoifyourhairorclothesstarttobum?First,stop!Don'trun!Thefireburns

fasterbecauseofmoreair.Drop!Falltothefloor.Thenroll!Turningoverandoverwillmakethe

firegoout.Putablanket（毯子）aroundyoutokeepairawayfromthefirethatmaystillbeonyou.

Therearemanypossiblecausesfbrfires.Ifthereisafire,don'tforgettocall199forhelp.

63.Whatdoesitmeanwhenasmokealarmringsathome?

A.Youhavetogetup.B.Waterisrunningtothefloor.

C.Somethingisburning.D.Someonebreaksyourwindow.

64.Whenafirehappens,ifyouopenthehotdoor.

A.thefirewillgrowmorequickly

B.theelectricitywillbecutoff

C.thedoorwillsoonbeonfire

D.thehousewillfalldown

65.Whatisthebesttitlefbrthispassage?

A.TheDangersofaFire.

B.TheCausesofaFire.

C.LearntoUseaFireExtinguisher.

D.BeReadyforaFire.

模擬試卷

英語(yǔ)

座位號(hào)

第II卷（非選擇題共五大題共45分）

題號(hào)五六七八九總分

分?jǐn)?shù)

評(píng)卷人

得分五、完成句子（本大題共5小題；每小題2分.共10分）

根據(jù)所給中文意思完成句子，每空只填一個(gè)詞。

66.在中國(guó)大多數(shù)人都聽(tīng)說(shuō)了希望工程并捐了錢。

MostpeopleinChinahaveProjectHopeandhavegivenmoney.

67.每年數(shù)百萬(wàn)的人觀看莎士比亞的戲劇。

Shakespear'splaysareseenbypeopleeveryyear.

68.自從1929年被創(chuàng)作出來(lái)，丁丁已經(jīng)流行了81年。

Tintinhasbeenpopularfor81years,itwasinventedin1929.

69.當(dāng)他們第一次或再次見(jiàn)面的時(shí)候，通常會(huì)彼此握手。

Theywitheachotherwhentheyfirstmeetorwhentheymeetagain.

70.讓我們找出拯救它們的辦法...

Let'swhatwecandotosavethem...

得分評(píng)卷人六、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(本大題共5小題；每小題1分，共5分)

根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，在每小題的空白處填人適當(dāng)?shù)脑捳Z(yǔ)，使對(duì)話

意思完整。

A:Hi,Mary.AreyougoingtovisitBeihaiParktomorrow?

B:Yes.We'Hstartat7:50.?(71)

A:rdloveto.Butdoyouthinkit'sgoingtoraintomorrow?

B:.(72)Look,thereisn'tanycloudinthesky.

A:Ihopeitwillbefinetomorrow.?(73)

B:Notfar.ItHItakeushalfanhour.It9sonly5busstops.

A:Youmeanwellgotherebybus,isthatright?

B:Yes..(74)

A:ButI'dliketogotherebybike.Atthattimethestreetsareverybusy.Busescan'tgofasterthan

bikes.

B:Iagreewithyou.Goingbybikecansavebothtimeandmoney.

A:Yes..(75)

B:OK.Goodbye.

A:Bye-bye.

得分評(píng)卷人

七、任務(wù)型閱讀(本大題共5小題；每小題1分，共5分)

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)內(nèi)容，完成表格。

MynameisJane.Myjobistowritestoriesandnewslettersforamagazine.Ilovetraveling

andhopetovisitGreatBritainoneday.TdlikeapenpalfromLondon,whoisinterestedin

discussingthedifferencesbetweenEuropeandAsia.Ilovelisteningtopopmusicandplaying

football.

IamManuel.Tmabusinessmanandhavealargecompanywithmanyworkersandclerks.I

wouldliketofindapenpalwhoisalsoabusinessmanandlivesinNorthAmerica.Ilikeusing

theInternet.

Iamworkinginauniversity.IspeakEnglish,FrenchandRussian.Myfamilynameis

JacksonbutmystudentsusuallycallmeSarah.Tdlikeapenpalwhoisinterestedinlanguage

learningworkinginOxfordUniversity.Idon5tlikeusingcomputersforlearningandIbelievethat

truelanguagelearningcanonlyhappeninaclassroom.

IamPeterandinterestedinthedifferencesbetweenEastEuropeandNorthAmerica.Ilove

ridingmyhorseJackieandlisteningtojazz.Iusuallygetat7o9clockandgotoschoolaround

7:30inthemorning.IwanttofindapenpalwhohasthesameinterestasmelivinginSydney.

Cindyismyfirstname.Iamworkinginatravelagency.SometimesIamcalledMr.Guideas

Iamworking.TdliketofindapenpalwhocomesfromEurope.Ilikeplayingthepianoand

listeningtojazz.Iaminterestedinhistory,butIdon'tlikediscussinglanguages.

FirstnameWhattodolikesPen-palfrom

Jane(76)__________Travelling,popmusic,andLondon

playingfootball

ManuelBusinessmanUsingNorthAmerica

(77)________________

(78)________TeacherTeachingOxfordUniversity

PeterStudentRidinghorseandlisteningto(79)____________

jazz

Cindy(80)_________Playingpiano,listeningtojazzEurope

history

八、綜合填空（本大題共小題：每小題分，共分）

得分評(píng)卷人10I10

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。

Mr.Jacksonwasondutythatevening.Itwascoldandtherewasthick

snowoutside.Sof⑻)peoplecametothehospitalandhecouldliedownonthebedin

hisofficeandsoonhewenttosleep.Suddenlysomeoneknockedatthedoorandi(82)

wokehimup.Hegotupandopenedthedoor.Inwentanoldman.Hiswifewasillandheasked

thedoctortogotolookherover.

Itwasstillsnowingw(83)Mr.Jacksoncameout.Theoldfarmerwalkedfastand

heh(84)caughtupwithhim.Itwasdifficultforhimtowalkonthes(85)

roads.Whenhegottotheman'shouse,hewasverytired.Helookedovertheoldwomanand

foundshehadabadcold.Hegavehersomem(86)andbegantoreturntothehospital.

Thewindwasb(87)stronglyandhehadtowalkcarefullysothathewouldn'tfallover.

Andwhenhewasnearthehospital,hehadapaini(88)hisfoot.Hewalkedslowly

andatlasthewentintohisoffice,Hetookoffhisshoeandlookedathisfoot.Therewasmuch

blood(ill!)onit.Herememberedhesteppedon(踩)abrokenb(89).Helookedathis

shoecarefullyandsaidtoh(90)「Luckily,itdidn'tprick(扎)myshoe!^^

得分評(píng)卷人九、書面表達(dá)（共15分）

假設(shè)你是一名導(dǎo)游，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表所提供的信息，用英文向

你的游客們介紹一下?？?。

位置海南的東北部

人口150萬(wàn)

氣候長(zhǎng)夏無(wú)冬、涼爽宜人

環(huán)境藍(lán)天碧海、空氣清新、吸引各地游客

景點(diǎn)假日海灘、萬(wàn)綠園等

要求：1、語(yǔ)句通順，語(yǔ)意連貫、要點(diǎn)寫全、書寫清晰。

2、詞數(shù)60?80左右。

3、不要逐字翻譯，可緊扣主題，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。

2010年大港初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試第一次模擬試卷

英語(yǔ)答題卡

得分評(píng)卷人—-、聽(tīng)力理解（本大題共30分，每小題1分。）

1.2.3.4.5.

6._—7._—8.__________9.__________10.__________

11.12.13.14.15.

16.—17._—18._________19._________20.__________

21.22.23.24.25.

26.27.28.29.30.

得分評(píng)卷人二、單項(xiàng)填空（本大題共15分，每小題1分。）

31.32.33.34.35.

36.—37._—38._________39._________40.__________

41.42.43.44.45.

得分評(píng)卷人三、完形填空（本大題共10分，每小題1分。）

46.47.48.49.50.

51.52._53._________54._________55.__________

得分評(píng)卷人四、閱讀理解（本大題共20分，每小題2分。）

56.57.58.59.60.

61.62.63.64.65.

2010年大港初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試模擬試卷聽(tīng)力稿（一）

一、聽(tīng)力理解

A.在下列每小題內(nèi)，你將聽(tīng)到一個(gè)句子并看到供選擇的三幅圖片。找出能描述你所聽(tīng)句子

的最佳圖片。

1.Juliahadsomecakesfordinner.

2.Don'tforgettobringyourcameratomorrow.

3.Lily'shobbyisreadingbooks.

4.Bobwenttoschoolinhisfather'scaryesterday.

B.在下列每小題內(nèi)，你將聽(tīng)到一個(gè)問(wèn)句并看到供選擇的三個(gè)答語(yǔ)7找出能回答你所聽(tīng)到的

那個(gè)問(wèn)句的最佳選項(xiàng)。

5.Whichdoyoulikebetter,footballorbasketball?

6.Whatwasyourmotherdoingat6:00yesterdayevening?

7.HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentoBeijing?

8.Whatdoyoumeanby"Nosmoking”?

9.Hello!IsthatTommyspeaking?

10.Howwasthemovie?

11.WhenisMissGao'sbirthday?

12.Wouldyouliketoseeafilmwithme?

13.Whydon'tyougototheseaside?

14.Whatdoyouthinkoftheexamthisyear?

C.下面你將聽(tīng)到十組對(duì)話，每組對(duì)話都有一個(gè)問(wèn)題。根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從每組所給的三個(gè)選

項(xiàng)中找出能回答所提問(wèn)題的最佳選項(xiàng)。

15.W:Ican'tunderstandspokenEnglish,Mr.Brown.WhatshouldIdo?

M:Don'tworry.LiMei.Whydon'tyoujoinanEnglishclubtopracticeyourspeaking?

16.M:Kathy,haveyoucleanedtheclassroom?

W:No.It'syourturn,Steve.

M:OK,Tildoit.

17.W:Mylittleboyisill.WherecanIbuysomemedicinetohelphim?

M:There'sachemistnotfarfromhere.Turnrightattherestaurant,andgoalongFlower

Street.It'sattheendofthestreet.

18.M:Excuseme.Iwonderifyoucanhelpmetoopenthewindow.

W:Sure.Theairhereisn'tfresh.

19.M:Areyoufreethisevening?

W:No,buttomorrownight.

20.M:Mary,you'dbetternotgotoschoolbybike.It'sraining.

W:OK.I'llwalkthere.

21.M:CanIhelpyou?

W:Yes,rdliketohaveadoubleroomontheseasideonthethirdfloor.

22.W:Tom,youarelatetoday.Why?

M:Ihadtowalk,toschooltoday.WhenIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadygone.

23.W:Areyoubusythesedays,Peter?

M:Yes,Tvetoomuchhomeworktodo.Tvenotimeforhobbies,andIcan'tgetenoughsleep.

24.W:Howmuchdoesastampcost?

M:Eightyfen.

W:Tilpay400fenforthem.

D.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，從題中所給的A、

B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)下面一段材?料，回答第25至第27題。

W:WhatdoyouwantforChristmasthisyear?

M:1hopeSantabringsmeabike.WhatdoyouwantSantaClaustobringyou?

W:Iwantavolleyball.Bytheway,areyougoingtobeintheChristmasprogramthisyear?

M:Yeah,Fmsupposedtobeoneoftheshepherds.MysisterAnneisgoingtobeMaryand

herdollisgoingtobetheBabyJesus.Aren'tyougoingtobeoneoftheThreeWiseMen?

W:Yes,