固體力學專業(yè)英語詞匯

累積損傷accumulateddamage

脆性損傷brittledamage

延性損傷ductiledamage

宏觀損傷macroscopicdamage

細觀損傷microscopicdamage

微觀損傷microscopicdamage

損傷準則damagecriterion

損傷演化方程damageevolutionequation

損傷軟化damagesoftening

損傷強化damagestrengthening

損傷張量damagetensor

損傷閾值damagethreshold

損傷變量damagevariable

損傷矢量damagevector

損傷區(qū)damagezone

疲勞Fatigue

低周疲勞lowcyclefatigue

應力疲勞stressfatigue

隨機疲勞randomfatigue

蠕變疲勞creepfatigue

腐蝕疲勞corrosionfatigue

疲勞損傷fatiguedamage

疲勞失效fatiguefailure

疲勞斷裂fatiguefracture

疲勞裂紋fatiguecrack

疲勞壽命fatiguelife

疲勞破壞fatiguerupture

疲勞強度fatiguestrength

疲勞輝紋fatiguestriations

疲勞閾值fatiguethreshold

交變載荷alternatingload

交變應力alternatingstress

應力幅值stressamplitude

應變疲勞strainfatigue

應力循環(huán)stresscycle

應力比stressratio

安全壽命safelife

過載效應overloadingeffect

循環(huán)硬化cyclichardening

循環(huán)軟化cyclicsoftening

環(huán)境效應environmentaleffect

裂紋片crackgage

裂紋擴展crackgrowth,crackPropagation

裂紋萌生crackinitiation

循環(huán)比cycleratio

實驗應力分析experimentalstressAnalysis

工作[應變]片active[strain]gage

基底材料backingmaterial

應力計stressgage

零[點]飄移zeroshift,zerodrift

應變測量strainmeasurement

應變計straingage

應變指示器strainindicator

應變花strainrosette

應變靈敏度strainsensitivity

機械式應變儀mechanicalstraingage

直角應變花rectangularrosette

引伸儀Extensometer

應變遙測telemeteringofstrain

橫向靈敏系數transversegagefactor

橫向靈敏度transversesensitivity

焊接式應變計weldablestraingage

平衡電橋balancedbridge

粘貼式應變計bondedstraingage

粘貼箔式應變計bondedfoiledgage

粘貼絲式應變計bondedwiregage

橋路平衡bridgebalancing

電容應變計capacitancestraingage

補償片compensationtechnique

補償技術compensationtechnique

基準電橋referencebridge

電阻應變計resistancestraingage

溫度自補償應變計self-temperaturecompensatinggage

半導體應變計semiconductorstrainGage

集流器slipring

應變放大鏡strainamplifier

疲勞壽命計fatiguelifegage

電感應變計inductance[strain]gage

光[測]力學Photomechanics

光彈性Photoelasticity

光塑性Photoplasticity

楊氏條紋Youngfringe

雙折射效應birefrigenteffect

等位移線contourofequalDisplacement

暗條紋darkfringe

條紋倍增fringemultiplication

干涉條紋interferencefringe

等差線Isochromatic

等傾線Isoclinic

等和線isopachic

應力光學定律stress-opticlaw

主應力跡線Isostatic

亮條紋lightfringe

光程差opticalpathdifference

熱光彈性photo-thermo-elasticity

光彈性貼片法photoelasticcoatingMethod

光彈性夾片法photoelasticsandwichMethod

動態(tài)光彈性dynamicphoto-elasticity

空間濾波spatialfiltering

空間頻率spatialfrequency

起偏鏡Polarizer

反射式光彈性儀reflectionpolariscope

殘余雙折射效應residualbirefringentEffect

應變條紋值strainfringevalue

應變光學靈敏度strain-opticsensitivity

應力凍結效應stressfreezingeffect

應力條紋值stressfringevalue

應力光圖stress-opticpattern

暫時雙折射效應temporarybirefringentEffect

脈沖全息法pulsedholography

透射式光彈性儀transmissionpolariscope

實時全息干涉法real-timeholographicinterferometry

網格法gridmethod

全息光彈性法holo-photoelasticity

全息圖Hologram

全息照相Holograph

全息干涉法holographicinterferometry

全息云紋法holographicmoiretechnique

全息術Holography

全場分析法whole-fieldanalysis

散斑干涉法speckleinterferometry

散斑Speckle

錯位散斑干涉法speckle-shearinginterferometry,shearography

散斑圖Specklegram

白光散斑法white-lightspecklemethod

云紋干涉法moireinterferometry

[疊柵]云紋moirefringe

[疊柵]云紋法moiremethod

云紋圖moirepattern

離面云紋法off-planemoiremethod

參考柵referencegrating

試件柵specimengrating

分析柵analyzergrating

面內云紋法in-planemoiremethod

脆性涂層法brittle-coatingmethod

條帶法stripcoatingmethod

坐標變換transformationofCoordinates

計算結構力學computationalstructuralmechanics

加權殘量法weightedresidualmethod

有限差分法finitedifferencemethod

有限[單]元法finiteelementmethod

配點法pointcollocation

里茨法Ritzmethod

廣義變分原理generalizedvariationalPrinciple

最小二乘法leastsquaremethod

胡[海昌]一鷲津原理Hu-Washizuprinciple

赫林格-賴斯納原理Hellinger-ReissnerPrinciple

修正變分原理modifiedvariationalPrinciple

約束變分原理constrainedvariationalPrinciple

混合法mixedmethod

雜交法hybridmethod

邊界解法boundarysolutionmethod

有限條法finitestripmethod

半解析法semi-analyticalmethod

協(xié)調元conformingelement

非協(xié)調元non-conformingelement

混合元mixedelement

雜交元hybridelement

邊界元boundaryelement

強迫邊界條件forcedboundarycondition

自然邊界條件naturalboundarycondition

離散化Discretization

離散系統(tǒng)discretesystem

連續(xù)問題continuousproblem

廣義位移generalizeddisplacement

廣義載荷generalizedload

廣義應變generalizedstrain

廣義應力generalizedstress

界面變量interfacevariable

節(jié)點node,nodalpoint

[單]元Element

角節(jié)點cornernode

邊節(jié)點mid-sidenode

內節(jié)點internalnode

無節(jié)點變量nodelessvariable

桿元barelement

桁架桿元trusselement

梁元beamelement

二維元two-dimensionalelement

一維元one-dimensionalelement

三維元three-dimensionalelement

軸對稱元axisymmetricelement

板元plateelement

殼元shellelement

厚板元thickplateelement

三角形元triangularelement

四邊形元quadrilateralelement

四面體元tetrahedralelement

曲線元curvedelement

二次元quadraticelement

線性元linearelement

三次元cubicelement

四次元quarticelement

等參[數]元isoparametricelement

超參數元super-parametricelement

亞參數元sub-parametricelement

節(jié)點數可變元variable-number-nodeelement

拉格朗日元Lagrangeelement

拉格朗日族Lagrangefamily

巧湊邊點元serendipityelement

巧湊邊點族serendipityfamily

無限元infiniteelement

單元分析elementanalysis

單元特性elementcharacteristics

剛度矩陣stiffnessmatrix

幾何矩陣geometricmatrix

等效節(jié)點力equivalentnodalforce

節(jié)點位移nodaldisplacement

節(jié)點載荷nodalload

位移矢量displacementvector

載荷矢量loadvector

質量矩陣massmatrix

集總質量矩陣lumpedmassmatrix

相容質量矩陣consistentmassmatrix

阻尼矩陣dampingmatrix

瑞利阻尼Rayleighdamping

剛度矩陣的組集assemblyofstiffnessMatrices

載荷矢量的組集consistentmassmatrix

質量矩陣的組集assemblyofmassmatrices

單元的組集assemblyofelements

局部坐標系localcoordinatesystem

局部坐標localcoordinate

面積坐標areacoordinates

體積坐標volumecoordinates

曲線坐標curvilinearcoordinates

靜凝聚staticcondensation

合同變換contragradienttransformation

形狀函數shapefunction

試探函數trialfunction

檢驗函數testfunction

權函數weightfunction

樣條函數splinefunction

代用函數substitutefunction

降階積分reducedintegration

零能模式zero-energymode

P收斂p-convergence

H收斂h-convergence

摻混插值blendedinterpolation

等參數映射isoparametricmapping

雙線性插值bilinearinterpolation

小塊檢驗patchtest

非協(xié)調模式incompatiblemode

節(jié)點號nodenumber

單元號elementnumber

帶寬bandwidth

帶狀矩陣bandedmatrix

變帶狀矩陣profilematrix

帶寬最小化minimizationofbandwidth

波前法frontalmethod

子空間迭代法subspaceiterationmethod

行列式搜索法determinantsearchmethod

逐步法step-by-stepmethod

紐馬克法Newmark

威爾遜法Wilson

擬牛頓法quasi-Newtonmethod

牛頓-拉弗森法Newton-Raphsonmethod

增量法incrementalmethod

初應變initialstrain

初應力initialstress

切線剛度矩陣tangentstiffnessmatrix

割線剛度矩陣secantstiffnessmatrix

模態(tài)疊加法modesuperpositionmethod

平衡迭代equilibriumiteration

子結構Substructure

子結構法substructuretechnique

超單元super-element

網格生成meshgeneration

結構分析程序structuralanalysisprogram

前處理pre-processing

后處理post-processing

網格細化meshrefinement

應力光順stresssmoothing

組合結構compositestructure彈性力學elasticity彈性理論theoryofelasticity均勻應力狀態(tài)homogeneousstateofstress應力不變量stressinvariant應變不變量straininvariant應變橢球strainellipsoid均勻應變狀態(tài)homogeneousstateofstrain應變協(xié)調方程equationofstraincompatibility拉梅常量Lameconstants各向同性彈性isotropicelasticity旋轉圓盤rotatingcirculardisk楔wedge開爾文問題Kelvinproblem布西內斯克問題Boussinesqproblem艾里應力函數Airystressfunction克羅索夫-穆斯赫利什維利法Kolosoff-Muskhelishvilimethod基爾霍夫假設Kirchhoffhypothesis板Plate矩形板Rectangularplate圓板Circularplate環(huán)板Annularplate波紋板Corrugatedplate加勁板Stiffenedplate,reinforcedPlate中厚板Plateofmoderatethickness彎[曲]應力函數Stressfunctionofbending殼Shell扁殼Shallowshell旋轉殼Revolutionaryshell球殼Sphericalshell[圓]柱殼Cylindricalshell錐殼Conicalshell環(huán)殼Toroidalshell封閉殼Closedshell波紋殼Corrugatedshell扭[轉]應力函數Stressfunctionoftorsion翹曲函數Warpingfunction半逆解法semi-inversemethod瑞利——里茨法Rayleigh-Ritzmethod松弛法Relaxationmethod萊維法Levymethod松弛Relaxation量綱分析Dimensionalanalysis自相似[性]self-similarity影響面Influencesurface接觸應力Contactstress赫茲理論Hertztheory協(xié)調接觸Conformingcontact滑動接觸Slidingcontact滾動接觸Rollingcontact壓入Indentation各向異性彈性Anisotropicelasticity顆粒材料Granularmaterial散體力學Mechanicsofgranularmedia熱彈性Thermoelasticity超彈性Hyperelasticity粘彈性Viscoelasticity對應原理Correspondenceprinciple褶皺Wrinkle塑性全量理論Totaltheoryofplasticity滑動Sliding微滑Microslip粗糙度Roughness非線性彈性Nonlinearelasticity大撓度Largedeflection突彈跳變snap-through有限變形Finitedeformation格林應變Greenstrain阿爾曼西應變Almansistrain彈性動力學Dynamicelasticity運動方程Equationofmotion準靜態(tài)的Quasi-static氣動彈性Aeroelasticity水彈性Hydroelasticity顫振Flutter彈性波Elasticwave簡單波Simplewave柱面波Cylindricalwave水平剪切波Horizontalshearwave豎直剪切波Verticalshearwave體波bodywave無旋波Irrotationalwave畸變波Distortionwave膨脹波Dilatationwave瑞利波Rayleighwave等容波Equivoluminalwave勒夫波Lovewave界面波Interfacialwave邊緣效應edgeeffect塑性力學Plasticity可成形性Formability金屬成形Metalforming耐撞性Crashworthiness結構抗撞毀性Structuralcrashworthiness拉拔Drawing破壞機構Collapsemechanism回彈Springback擠壓Extrusion沖壓Stamping穿透Perforation層裂Spalling塑性理論Theoryofplasticity安定[性]理論Shake-downtheory運動安定定理kinematicshake-downtheorem靜力安定定理Staticshake-downtheorem率相關理論ratedependenttheorem載荷因子loadfactor加載準則Loadingcriterion加載函數Loadingfunction加載面Loadingsurface塑性加載Plasticloading塑性加載波Plasticloadingwave簡單加載Simpleloading比例加載Proportionalloading卸載Unloading卸載波Unloadingwave沖擊載荷Impulsiveload階躍載荷stepload脈沖載荷pulseload極限載荷limitload中性變載nentralloading拉抻失穩(wěn)instabilityintension加速度波accelerationwave本構方程constitutiveequation完全解completesolution名義應力nominalstress過應力over-stress真應力truestress等效應力equivalentstress流動應力flowstress應力間斷stressdiscontinuity應力空間stressspace主應力空間principalstressspace靜水應力狀態(tài)hydrostaticstateofstress對數應變logarithmicstrain工程應變engineeringstrain等效應變equivalentstrain應變局部化strainlocalization應變率strainrate應變率敏感性strainratesensitivity應變空間strainspace有限應變finitestrain塑性應變增量plasticstrainincrement累積塑性應變accumulatedplasticstrain永久變形permanentdeformation內變量internalvariable應變軟化strain-softening理想剛塑性材料rigid-perfectlyplasticMaterial剛塑性材料rigid-plasticmaterial理想塑性材料perfectlplasticmaterial材料穩(wěn)定性stabilityofmaterial應變偏張量deviatorictensorofstrain應力偏張量deviatoritensorofstress應變球張量sphericaltensorofstrain應力球張量sphericaltensorofstress路徑相關性path-dependency線性強化linearstrain-hardening應變強化strain-hardening隨動強化kinematichardening各向同性強化isotropichardening強化模量strain-hardeningmodulus冪強化powerhardening塑性極限彎矩plasticlimitbendingMoment塑性極限扭矩plasticlimittorque彈塑性彎曲elastic-plasticbending彈塑性交界面elastic-plasticinterface彈塑性扭轉elastic-plastictorsion粘塑性Viscoplasticity非彈性Inelasticity理想彈塑性材料elastic-perfectlyplasticMaterial極限分析limitanalysis極限設計limitdesign極限面limitsurface上限定理upperboundtheorem上屈服點upperyieldpoint下限定理lowerboundtheorem下屈服點loweryieldpoint界限定理boundtheorem初始屈服面initialyieldsurface后繼屈服面subsequentyieldsurface屈服面[的]外凸性convexityofyieldsurface截面形狀因子shapefactorofcross-section沙堆比擬sandheapanalogy屈服Yield屈服條件yieldcondition屈服準則yieldcriterion屈服函數yieldfunction屈服面yieldsurface塑性勢plasticpotential能量吸收裝置energyabsorbingdevice能量耗散率energyabsorbingdevice塑性動力學dynamicplasticity塑性動力屈曲dynamicplasticbuckling塑性動力響應dynamicplasticresponse塑性波plasticwave運動容許場kinematicallyadmissibleField靜力容許場staticallyadmissibleField流動法則flowrule速度間斷velocitydiscontinuity滑移線slip-lines滑移線場slip-linesfield移行塑性鉸travellingplastichinge塑性增量理論incrementaltheoryofPlasticity米澤斯屈服準則Misesyieldcriterion普朗特——羅伊斯關系prandtl-Reussrelation特雷斯卡屈服準則Trescayieldcriterion洛德應力參數Lodestressparameter萊維——米澤斯關系Levy-Misesrelation亨基應力方程Henckystressequation赫艾——韋斯特加德應力空間Haigh-Westergaardstressspace洛德應變參數Lodestrainparameter德魯克公設Druckerpostulate蓋林格速度方程GeiringervelocityEquation結構力學structuralmechanics結構分析structuralanalysis結構動力學structuraldynamics拱Arch三鉸拱three-hingedarch拋物線拱parabolicarch圓拱circulararch穹頂Dome空間結構spacestructure空間桁架spacetruss雪載[荷]snowload風載[荷]windload土壓力earthpressure地震載荷earthquakeloading彈簧支座springsupport支座位移supportdisplacement支座沉降supportsettlement超靜定次數degreeofindeterminacy機動分析kinematicanalysis結點法methodofjoints截面法methodofsections結點力jointforces共軛位移conjugatedisplacement影響線influenceline三彎矩方程three-momentequation單位虛力unitvirtualforce剛度系數stiffnesscoefficient柔度系數flexibilitycoefficient力矩分配momentdistribution力矩分配法momentdistributionmethod力矩再分配momentredistribution分配系數distributionfactor矩陣位移法matridisplacementmethod單元剛度矩陣elementstiffnessmatrix單元應變矩陣elementstrainmatrix總體坐標globalcoordinates貝蒂定理Bettitheorem高斯——若爾當消去法Gauss-JordaneliminationMethod屈曲模態(tài)bucklingmode復合材料力學mechanicsofcomposites復合材料compositematerial纖維復合材料fibrouscomposite單向復合材料unidirectionalcomposite泡沫復合材料foamedcomposite顆粒復合材料particulatecomposite層板Laminate夾層板sandwichpanel正交層板cross-plylaminate斜交層板angle-plylaminate層片Ply多胞固體cellularsolid膨脹Expansion壓實Debulk劣化Degradation脫層Delamination脫粘Debond纖維應力fiberstress層應力plystress層應變plystrain層間應力interlaminarstress比強度specificstrength強度折減系數strengthreductionfactor強度應力比strength-stressratio橫向剪切模量transverseshearmodulus橫觀各向同性transverseisotropy正交各向異Orthotropy剪滯分析shearlaganalysis短纖維choppedfiber長纖維continuousfiber纖維方向fiberdirection纖維斷裂fiberbreak纖維拔脫fiberpull-out纖維增強fiberreinforcement致密化Densification最小重量設計optimumweightdesign網格分析法nettinganalysis混合律ruleofmixture失效準則failurecriterion蔡——吳失效準則Tsai-Wufailurecriterion達格代爾模型Dugdalemodel斷裂力學fracturemechanics概率斷裂力學probabilisticfractureMechanics格里菲思理論Griffiththeory線彈性斷裂力學linearelasticfracturemechanics,LEFM彈塑性斷裂力學elastic-plasticfracturemecha-nics,EPFM斷裂Fracture脆性斷裂brittlefracture解理斷裂cleavagefracture蠕變斷裂creepfracture延性斷裂ductilefracture晶間斷裂inter-granularfracture準解理斷裂quasi-cleavagefracture穿晶斷裂trans-granularfracture裂紋Crack裂縫Flaw缺陷Defect割縫Slit微裂紋Microcrack折裂Kink橢圓裂紋ellipticalcrack深埋裂紋embeddedcrack[錢]幣狀裂紋penny-shapecrack預制裂紋Precrack短裂紋shortcrack表面裂紋surfacecrack裂紋鈍化crackblunting裂紋分叉crackbranching裂紋閉合crackclosure裂紋前緣crackfront裂紋嘴crackmouth裂紋張開角crackopeningangle,COA裂紋張開位移crackopeningdisplacement,COD裂紋阻力crackresistance裂紋面cracksurface裂紋尖端cracktip裂尖張角cracktipopeningangle,CTOA裂尖張開位移cracktipopeningdisplacement,CTOD裂尖奇異場cracktipsingularityField裂紋擴展速率crackgrowthrate穩(wěn)定裂紋擴展stablecrackgrowth定常裂紋擴展steadycrackgrowth亞臨界裂紋擴展subcriticalcrackgrowth裂紋[擴展]減速crackretardation止裂crackarrest止裂韌度arresttoughness斷裂類型fracturemode滑開型slidingmode張開型openingmode撕開型tearingmode復合型mixedmode撕裂Tearing撕裂模量tearingmodulus斷裂準則fracturecriterionJ積分J-integralJ阻力曲線J-resistancecurve斷裂韌度fracturetoughness應力強度因子stressintensityfactorHRR場Hutchinson-Rice-RosengrenField守恒積分conservationintegral有效應力張量effectivestresstensor應變能密度strainenergydensity能量釋放率energyreleaserate內聚區(qū)cohesivezone塑性區(qū)plasticzone張拉區(qū)stretchedzone熱影響區(qū)heataffectedzone,HAZ延脆轉變溫度brittle-ductiletransitiontemperature剪切帶shearband剪切唇shearlip無損檢測non-destructiveinspection雙邊缺口試件doubleedgenotchedspecimen,DENspecimen單邊缺口試件singleedgenotchedspecimen,SENspecimen三點彎曲試件threepointbendingspecimen,TPBspecimen中心裂紋拉伸試件centercrackedtensionspecimen,CCTspecimen中心裂紋板試件centercrackedpanelspecimen,CCPspecimen緊湊拉伸試件compacttensionspecimen,CTspecimen大范圍屈服largescaleyielding小范圍攻屈服smallscaleyielding韋布爾分布Weibulldistribution帕里斯公式parisformula空穴化Cavitation應力腐蝕stresscorrosion概率風險判定probabilisticriskassessment,PRA損傷力學damagemechanics損傷Damage連續(xù)介質損傷力學continuumdamagemechanics細觀損傷力學microscopicdamagemechanics累積損傷accumulateddamage脆性損傷brittledamage延性損傷ductiledamage宏觀損傷macroscopicdamage細觀損傷microscopicdamage微觀損傷microscopicdamage損傷準則damagecriterion損傷演化方程damageevolutionequation損傷軟化damagesoftening損傷強化damagestrengthening損傷張量damagetensor損傷閾值damagethreshold損傷變量damagevariable損傷矢量damagevector損傷區(qū)damagezone疲勞Fatigue低周疲勞lowcyclefatigue應力疲勞stressfatigue隨機疲勞randomfatigue蠕變疲勞creepfatigue腐蝕疲勞corrosionfatigue疲勞損傷fatiguedamage疲勞失效fatiguefailure疲勞斷裂fatiguefracture疲勞裂紋fatiguecrack疲勞壽命fatiguelife疲勞破壞fatiguerupture疲勞強度fatiguestrength疲勞輝紋fatiguestriations疲勞閾值fatiguethreshold交變載荷alternatingload交變應力alternatingstress應力幅值stressamplitude應變疲勞strainfatigue應力循環(huán)stresscycle應力比stressratio安全壽命safelife過載效應overloadingeffect循環(huán)硬化cyclichardening循環(huán)軟化cyclicsoftening環(huán)境效應environmentaleffect裂紋片crackgage裂紋擴展crackgrowth,crackPropagation裂紋萌生crackinitiation循環(huán)比cycleratio實驗應力分析experimentalstressAnalysis工作[應變]片active[strain]gage基底材料backingmaterial應力計stressgage零[點]飄移zeroshift,zerodrift應變測量strainmeasurement應變計straingage應變指示器strainindicator應變花strainrosette應變靈敏度strainsensitivity機械式應變儀mechanicalstraingage直角應變花rectangularrosette引伸儀Extensometer應變遙測telemeteringofstrain橫向靈敏系數transversegagefactor橫向靈敏度transversesensitivity焊接式應變計weldablestraingage平衡電橋balancedbridge粘貼式應變計bondedstraingage粘貼箔式應變計bondedfoiledgage粘貼絲式應變計bondedwiregage橋路平衡bridgebalancing電容應變計capacitancestraingage補償片compensationtechnique補償技術compensationtechnique基準電橋referencebridge電阻應變計resistancestraingage溫度自補償應變計self-temperaturecompensatinggage半導體應變計semiconductorstrainGage集流器slipring應變放大鏡strainamplifier疲勞壽命計fatiguelifegage電感應變計inductance[strain]gage光[測]力學Photomechanics光彈性Photoelasticity光塑性Photoplasticity楊氏條紋Youngfringe雙折射效應birefrigenteffect等位移線contourofequalDisplacement暗條紋darkfringe條紋倍增fringemultiplication干涉條紋interferencefringe等差線Isochromatic等傾線Isoclinic等和線isopachic應力光學定律stress-opticlaw主應力跡線Isostatic亮條紋lightfringe光程差opticalpathdifference熱光彈性photo-thermo-elasticity光彈性貼片法photoelasticcoatingMethod光彈性夾片法photoelasticsandwichMethod動態(tài)光彈性dynamicphoto-elasticity空間濾波spatialfiltering空間頻率spatialfrequency起偏鏡Polarizer反射式光彈性儀reflectionpolariscope殘余雙折射效應residualbirefringentEffect應變條紋值strainfringevalue應變光學靈敏度strain-opticsensitivity應力凍結效應stressfreezingeffect應力條紋值stressfringevalue應力光圖stress-opticpattern暫時雙折射效應temporarybirefringentEffect脈沖全息法pulsedholography透射式光彈性儀transmissionpolariscope實時全息干涉法real-timeholographicinterferometry網格法gridmethod全息光彈性法holo-photoelasticity全息圖Hologram全息照相Holograph全息干涉法holographicinterferometry全息云紋法holographicmoiretechnique全息術Holography全場分析法whole-fieldanalysis散斑干涉法speckleinterferometry散斑Speckle錯位散斑干涉法speckle-shearinginterferometry,shearography散斑圖Specklegram白光散斑法white-lightspecklemethod云紋干涉法moireinterferometry[疊柵]云紋moirefringe[疊柵]云紋法moiremethod云紋圖moirepattern離面云紋法off-planemoiremethod參考柵referencegrating試件柵specimengrating分析柵analyzergrating面內云紋法in-planemoiremethod脆性涂層法brittle-coatingmethod條帶法stripcoatingmethod坐標變換transformationofCoordinates計算結構力學computationalstructuralmechanics加權殘量法weightedresidualmethod有限差分法finitedifferencemethod有限[單]元法finiteelementmethod配點法pointcollocation里茨法Ritzmethod廣義變分原理generalizedvariationalPrinciple最小二乘法leastsquaremethod胡[海昌]一鷲津原理Hu-Washizuprinciple赫林格-賴斯納原理Hellinger-ReissnerPrinciple修正變分原理modifiedvariationalPrinciple約束變分原理constrainedvariationalPrinciple混合法mixedmethod雜交法hybridmethod邊界解法boundarysolutionmethod有限條法finitestripmethod半解析法semi-analyticalmethod協(xié)調元conformingelement非協(xié)調元non-conformingelement混合元mixedelement雜交元hybridelement邊界元boundaryelement強迫邊界條件forcedboundarycondition自然邊界條件naturalboundarycondition離散化Discretization離散系統(tǒng)discretesystem連續(xù)問題continuousproblem廣義位移generalizeddisplacement廣義載荷generalizedload廣義應變generalizedstrain廣義應力generalizedstress界面變量interfacevariable節(jié)點node,nodalpoint[單]元Element角節(jié)點cornernode邊節(jié)點mid-sidenode內節(jié)點internalnode無節(jié)點變量nodelessvariable桿元barelement桁架桿元trusselement梁元beamelement二維元two-dimensionalelement一維元one-dimensionalelement三維元three-dimensionalelement軸對稱元axisymmetricelement板元plateelement殼元shellelement厚板元thickplateelement三角形元triangularelement四邊形元quadrilateralelement四面體元tetrahedralelement曲線元curvedelement二次元quadraticelement線性元linearelement三次元cubicelement四次元quarticelement等參[數]元isoparametricelement超參數元super-parametricelement亞參數元sub-parametricelement節(jié)點數可變元variable-number-nodeelement拉格朗日元Lagrangeelement拉格朗日族Lagrangefamily巧湊邊點元serendipityelement巧湊邊點族serendipityfamily無限元infiniteelement單元分析elementanalysis單元特性elementcharacteristics剛度矩陣stiffnessmatrix幾何矩陣geometricmatrix等效節(jié)點力equivalentnodalforce節(jié)點位移nodaldisplacement節(jié)點載荷nodalload位移矢量displacementvector載荷矢量loadvector質量矩陣massmatrix集總質量矩陣lumpedmassmatrix相容質量矩陣consistentmassmatrix阻尼矩陣dampingmatrix瑞利阻尼Rayleighdamping剛度矩陣的組集assemblyofstiffnessMatrices載荷矢量的組集consistentmassmatrix質量矩陣的組集assemblyofmassmatrices單元的組集assemblyofelements局部坐標系localcoordinatesystem局部坐標localcoordinate面積坐標areacoordinates體積坐標volumecoordinates曲線坐標curvilinearcoordinates靜凝聚staticcondensation合同變換contragradienttransformation形狀函數shapefunction試探函數trialfunction檢驗函數testfunction權函數weightfunction樣條函數splinefunction代用函數substitutefunction降階積分reducedintegration零能模式zero-energymodeP收斂p-convergenceH收斂h-convergence摻混插值blendedinterpolation等參數映射isoparametricmapping雙線性插值bilinearinterpolation小塊檢驗patchtest非協(xié)調模式incompatiblemode節(jié)點號nodenumber單元號elementnumber帶寬bandwidth帶狀矩陣bandedmatrix變帶狀矩陣profilematrix帶寬最小化minimizationofbandwidth波前法frontalmethod子空間迭代法subspaceiterationmethod行列式搜索法determinantsearchmethod逐步法step-by-stepmethod紐馬克法Newmark威爾遜法Wilson擬牛頓法quasi-Newtonmethod牛頓-拉弗森法Newton-Raphsonmethod增量法incrementalmethod初應變initialstrain初應力initialstress切線剛度矩陣tangentstiffnessmatrix割線剛度矩陣secantstiffnessmatrix模態(tài)疊加法modesuperpositionmethod平衡迭代equilibriumiteration子結構Substructure子結構法substructuretechnique超單元super-element網格生成meshgeneration結構分析程序structuralanalysisprogram前處理pre-processing后處理post-processing網格細化meshrefinement應力光順stresssmoothing組合結構compositestructure流體動力學fluiddynamics連續(xù)介質力學mechanicsofcontinuousmedia介質medium流體質點fluidparticle無粘性流體nonviscousfluid,inviscidfluid連續(xù)介質假設continuousmediumhypothesis流體運動學fluidkinematics水靜力學hydrostatics液體靜力學hydrostatics支配方程governingequation伯努利方程Bernoulliequation伯努利定理Bernonllitheorem畢奧-薩伐爾定律Biot-Savartlaw歐拉方程Eulerequation亥姆霍茲定理Helmholtztheorem開爾文定理Kelvintheorem渦片vortexsheet庫塔-茹可夫斯基條件Kutta-Zhoukowskicondition布拉休斯解Blasiussolution達朗貝爾佯廖d'Alembertparadox雷諾數Reynoldsnumber施特魯哈爾數Strouhalnumber隨體導數materialderivative不可壓縮流體incompressiblefluid質量守恒conservationofmass動量守恒conservationofmomentum能量守恒conservationofenergy動量方程momentumequation能量方程energyequation控制體積controlvolume液體靜壓hydrostaticpressure渦量擬能enstrophy壓差differentialpressure流[動]flow流線streamline流面streamsurface流管streamtube跡線path,pathline流場flowfield流態(tài)flowregime流動參量flowparameter流量flowrate,flowdischarge渦旋vortex渦量vorticity渦絲vortexfilament渦線vortexline渦面vortexsurface渦層vortexlayer渦環(huán)vortexring渦對vortexpair渦管vortextube渦街vortexstreet卡門渦街Karmanvortexstreet馬蹄渦horseshoevortex對流渦胞convectivecell卷筒渦胞rollcell渦eddy渦粘性eddyviscosity環(huán)流circulation環(huán)量circulation速度環(huán)量velocitycirculation偶極子doublet,dipole駐點stagnationpoint總壓[力]totalpressure總壓頭totalhead靜壓頭statichead總焓totalenthalpy能量輸運energytransport速度剖面velocityprofile庫埃特流Couetteflow單相流singlephaseflow單組份流single-componentflow均勻流uniformflow非均勻流nonuniformflow二維流two-dimensionalflow三維流three-dimensionalflow準定常流quasi-steadyflow非定常流unsteadyflow,non-steadyflow暫態(tài)流transientflow周期流periodicflow振蕩流oscillatoryflow分層流stratifiedflow無旋流irrotationalflow有旋流rotationalflow軸對稱流axisymmetricflow不可壓縮性incompressibility不可壓縮流[動]incompressibleflow浮體floatingbody定傾中心metacenter阻力drag,resistance減阻dragreduction表面力surfaceforce表面張力surfacetension毛細[管]作用capillarity來流incomingflow自由流freestream自由流線freestreamline外流externalflow進口entrance,inlet出口exit,outlet擾動disturbance,perturbation分布distribution傳播propagation色散dispersion彌散dispersion附加質量addedmass,associatedmass收縮contraction鏡象法imagemethod無量綱參數dimensionlessparameter幾何相似geometricsimilarity運動相似kinematicsimilarity動力相似[性]dynamicsimilarity平面流planeflow勢potential勢流potentialflow速度勢velocitypotential復勢complexpotential復速度complexvelocity流函數streamfunction源source匯sink速度[水]頭velocityhead拐角流cornerflow空泡流cavityflow超空泡supercavity超空泡流supercavityflow空氣動力學aerodynamics低速空氣動力學low-speedaerodynamics高速空氣動力學high-speedaerodynamics氣動熱力學aerothermodynamics亞聲速流[動]subsonicflow跨聲速流[動]transonicflow超聲速流[動]supersonicflow錐形流conicalflow楔流wedgeflow葉柵流cascadeflow非平衡流[動]non-equilibriumflow細長體slenderbody細長度slenderness鈍頭體bluffbody鈍體bluntbody翼型airfoil翼弦chord薄翼理論thin-airfoiltheory構型configuration后緣trailingedge迎角angleofattack失速stall脫體激波detachedshockwave波阻wavedrag誘導阻力induceddrag誘導速度inducedvelocity臨界雷諾數criticalReynoldsnumber前緣渦leadingedgevortex附著渦boundvortex約束渦confinedvortex氣動中心aerodynamiccenter氣動力aerodynamicforce氣動噪聲aerodynamicnoise氣動加熱aerodynamicheating離解dissociation地面效應groundeffect氣體動力學gasdynamics稀疏波rarefactionwave熱狀態(tài)方程thermalequationofstate噴管Nozzle普朗特-邁耶流Prandtl-Meyerflow瑞利流Rayleighflow可壓縮流[動]compressibleflow可壓縮流體compressiblefluid絕熱流adiabaticflow非絕熱流diabaticflow未擾動流undisturbedflow等熵流isentropicflow勻熵流homoentropicflow蘭金-于戈尼奧條件Rankine-Hugoniotcondition狀態(tài)方程equationofstate量熱狀態(tài)方程caloricequationofstate完全氣體perfectgas拉瓦爾噴管Lavalnozzle馬赫角Machangle馬赫錐Machcone馬赫線Machline馬赫數Machnumber馬赫波Machwave當地馬赫數localMachnumber沖擊波shockwave激波shockwave正激波normalshockwave斜激波obliquesho