英語譯林版（江蘇）必修5導學筆記Unit1單元加餐練（一）

單元加餐練(一)——完形閱讀組合練Ⅰ.完形填空hissmallpany.Speakingofsuccess，Glenoftentellsusastoryabouthisextraexpensive“school”fee.Healways2hissuccesstoit.Atthattime，Glen，whoalreadygotaPhDdegree，3toreturntothehomeland，startingapany.Beforeleaving，heboughtaRolexwatchwiththe4madethroughyearsofworkafterschoolandthescholarships.Attheairporthehadtoacceptthe5customscheck.Thewatchonhiswristwasalsodemandedtobetakendownfor6.Glenknewthatcarryingthespecificgoodsouthadtopaythetax，andheworriedaboutpaying7forhiswatch.Sowhenhewaschecked，hetoldaliethathiswatchwasa8fake(假貨)．Whenhewas9ofhis“smarts”，immediately，inthepresenceofGlen，theofficershitthewatch，10costnearly100,000，intopieces11hearingGlen’swords.Glenwas12.Beforeheunderstoodwhy，hewastakentotheofficetobeexamined13.Formanytimesofentryexit14，heknewthatonlythosepeopleinthe“blacklist”would“enjoy”thisspecialtreatment.Theofficerslookedovereverythingcarefullyinthebox，and15himnomatterwhattimeofentryandexithemustacceptthecheckandif16reusingandcarryingfakeandshoddygoods，hewouldbe17accordingtolaw！Suddenly，hisfaceturnedred，andhehadnothinginmindafterboardingtheplaneforlong.Afterreturningtothehomeland，heoftentoldthestorytohisfamily，andhisemployees，too.Hesaidthatthismadeadeep18onhim，becausetheadditionalhigh“school”feethatofhissuccessforever.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。Glen先生是個百萬富翁。他用自己的親身經歷告訴別人，他成功的秘訣就是要誠實。1．A.setup B．tookupC．wentup D．pickedup答案A解析根據(jù)下文中的“startingapany”可知，Glen歸國后成立了一家公司。setup建立，成立；takeup拿起，開始從事；goup上升；pickup恢復，拾起。2．A.honours B．mentionsC．brings D．owes答案D解析Glen把自己的成功歸功于那次交了昂貴“學費”的經歷。owe...to...把……歸功于……。3．A.decided B．refusedC．objected D．asked答案A解析根據(jù)下一句的beforeleaving可知，他決定(decide)回國。4．A.books B．thingsC．savings D．pounds答案C解析Glen用課后打工掙的積蓄(saving)和所得獎學金的錢買了一塊勞力士手表。5．A.ordinary B．routineC．regular D．mon答案B解析旅客在機場要接受機場例行的海關檢查。routine例行的，日常的，常規(guī)的。6．A.look B．inspectionC．test D．experiment答案B解析根據(jù)上文的check和下文的examined可知是要把手表摘下來檢查(inspection)。7．A.one B．itC．them D．these答案B解析it指代空前的thetax。8．A.priceless B．usefulC．worthless D．valuable答案C解析他既然謊稱手表是假貨，故應該是不值錢的(worthless)。priceless無價的，極貴重的；useful有用的；valuable貴重的。9．A.afraid B．proudC．ashamed D．hard答案B解析根據(jù)空后的his“smarts”可知，Glen對自己的聰明感到自豪(proud)，可結果是聰明反被聰明誤。10．A.that B．whatC．who D．which答案D解析which引導非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞thewatch。11．A.on B．atC．as D．in答案A解析onhearingGlen’swords意為“一聽到Glen的話”。on/upondoingsth.表示“一……就……”。12．A.disappointed B．delightedC．amazed D．satisfied答案C解析海關官員一聽Glen說手表是假的，就當著他的面把勞力士表砸碎，這大大出乎他的意料，故Glen很吃驚(amazed)。13．A.strictly B．quietlyC．quickly D．curiously答案A14．A.conditions B．experiencesC．experiments D．chances答案B解析根據(jù)Glen在國外讀書并獲得學位可知，他應該有過很多次的出入境經歷(experience)。15．A.stopped B．hopedC．warned D．urged答案C解析根據(jù)下文的mustacceptthecheck和accordingtolaw可知，該官員說話的語氣應該是警告式的。16．A.cameout B．foundoutC．sentout D．setout答案B解析如果他再次被發(fā)現(xiàn)(findout)使用假冒偽劣商品，將根據(jù)法律受到控訴。17．A.hit B．blamedC．praised D．charged答案D解析既然攜帶假冒偽劣商品是違法的事情，那一定是會被控訴(charge)。18．A.expression B．ideaC．thought D．impression答案D解析makeanimpressiononsb.意為“給某人留下印象”，是固定短語。19．A.honesty B．liesC．goods D．bravery答案A解析由于撒謊付出了昂貴的代價，因此Glen意識到了誠信(honesty)的價值。20．A.secret B．lessonC．choice D．belief答案A解析他將永遠記住這個成功的秘訣(secret)。Ⅱ.閱讀理解ASirWilliamOslerhasafewwordsforyou：“Inthelifeofayoungman，themostessentialthingforhappinessisthegiftoffriendship.”Truerwordswereneverspoken.Forwhatmorecouldyouaskthanradeshipduringthepeaksandvalleysoflife？Towhomelsebutaclose，valuablefriendcanyoushowoffyoursuccessesandplainaboutyourfailuresorlosses?Whatisa“goodfriend”？Howishebestdescribed？Well，ithasbeenmyobservationthatalthoughmanywillcrywithyou，fewcansincerelyrejoice(欣喜)withyou.Therefore，inmyopinion，agoodfriendisonewhocanenjoyyoursuccesseswithoutenvy；onewhocansay，“Thatwaswonderful！Youcandoitagain，evenbetterifyouwant！”andmeanit.Nothingtaxesafriendshipmorethanthesuccessofoneandnottheother.Eventheclosestoffriendshipsoftencannotresistsuchpressureandfailure.Nowondermanyminorfriendshipsgodowndaybydayforthesamereason.Apersonofgoodcharacterandsoundmoralfiber，ofhonorandhumor，ofcourageandbeliefisafriendtobesoughtandtreasured—fortherearefew.Toooftenwehear，“Ifyoucancountyourgoodfriendsonmorethanonehand，consideryourselfblessed.”AndeventhenIwouldadd，“Evenifyouhavelosttwofingersofthathandtotheelectricsaw.”Whatmakesafriendshiplast？Well，Idon’tknowalltheanswers，butoneofmyobservationsisthatmostgoodfriendsusuallyhavesimilartastes.Theygenerallylikeanddislikemanyofthesamethings.Therealsousuallyseemstoexistasimilarityofpersonalitytypes—especiallyinthefundamentalvaluesoflifesuchashonesty，sincerity，loyalty，anddependability.Moreoftenthannot，birdsofafeatherdoflytogether.Idon’tthinkitmattersalotwhetheroneprefersjazzorhockeytoanother’sMozartorballet.Muchothermattersfarmore：relying，sharing，giving，getting，enjoying；asympatheticearalwaysthere；criticismwhenitcanhelp；praise—evenifonlybecauseitwouldhelp.Withnotmanypeopleonthisearthwillyoufindthismuchinmon.Whenyoufindone，hangontohim，foragoodfriendfoundisararetreasure.語篇解讀友誼是一個永恒的主題，但究竟什么人才是真正的朋友呢？什么友誼才是永恒的友誼？21．WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinParagraphtwo?A．Peopledon’thavetopaytaxestodevelopfriendshipwithothers.B．Successofonepersoncanpromotehisfriendshipwithothers.C．Friendshipcanbeaffectedbythedifferenceinsuccessbetweenfriends.D．Nothingcanaffectfriendshipbecauseithasgonethroughthepeaksandvalleysoflife.答案C解析句意理解題。本句句意是“發(fā)達和成功最能添加友誼的負擔”，結合上文“agoodfriendisonewhocanenjoyyoursuccesseswithoutenvy；”(好朋友就是可以毫無嫉妒地享受你的成功的人)以及下文“Eventheclosestoffriendshipsoftencannotresistsuchpressureandfailure.”(甚至是最親密的友誼也經常不能抵抗這些壓力和失敗)推斷，這句話的意思是：朋友間的不同的成功會給友誼帶來影響。故選C項。22．WhatisthemainideaofParagraphthree?A．Oneisluckytohavemanyfriends.B．Afriendshouldhaveagoodcharacter.C．Weshouldcountourfriendsonmorethanonehand.D．Atruefriendshouldbetreasuredbecausetherearefew.答案D解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Apersonofgoodcharacterandsoundmoralfiber，ofhonorandhumor，ofcourageandbeliefisafriendtobesoughtandtreasured—fortherearefew.”可知，本段主要闡述好的朋友要珍惜，因為好的朋友太少了。故選D項。23．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingplaystheLEASTimportantroleinalonglastingfriendship?A．Hobbies. B．Tastes.C．Personality. D．Sympathy.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Idon’tthinkitmattersalotwhetheroneprefersjazzorhockeytoanother’sMozartorballet.”可知，作者認為愛好對友誼的影響不大。故選A項。24．Thepassagemainlytellsus“”．A．Howgoodfriendssharethesametasteandhobby?B．Whyisfriendshipessentialinone’slife?C．Whatisfriendshipandwhatmakesitlast?D．Whatonecandotokeepfriendshiplast?答案C解析主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述友誼這個永恒的主題，闡述什么人才是真正的朋友和什么友誼才是永恒的友誼以及什么可以保持友誼地久天長。故選項C正確。B“DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamlastFriday？”LindseywhisperstoTori.Withhereyesshining，Toribrags.“YoubetIdid.Seantoldmetwodaysago.”WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout？Itjusthappenstobeyourstruly，AdamFreedman.Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis(a)notniceand(b)noteventrue.Still，LindseyandToriaren’tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool，includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip(閑話)．Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip：itcanhurtpeople，itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction，anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually，gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups，troubleathome，evendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.Themoreembarrassingorshamefulthesecretis，thejuicierthegossipitmakes.Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless，butcruelliescancausepain.Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful，thenwhydosomanyofusdoit？Theanswerliesinanothereffectofgossip：thesatisfactionitgivesus.Sharingthelatestrumor(傳言)canmakeapersonfeelimportantbecauseheorsheknowssomethingthatothersdon’t.Similarly，hearingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeellikepartofthe“ingroup”．Inotherwords，gossipissatisfyingbecauseitgivespeopleasenseofbelongingorevensuperiority(優(yōu)越感)．Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect：itstrengthensunwritten，unspokenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.ProfessorDavidWilsonexplainsthatgossipisimportantinpolicingbehaviorsinagroup.Translatedintohighschoolterms，thismeansthatifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid，thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.Thedo’sanddon’tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.Theeffectsofgossipvarydependingonthesituation.Thenexttim