English Writing英語寫作課件

1Lecture01EnglishWriting啟航21.測試形式A節(jié):

考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出約100詞（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號不計算在內(nèi)）的應(yīng)用性短文，包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報告等，共10分。考試時間15分鐘。B節(jié):

考生根據(jù)提示信息寫出一篇160~200詞的短文（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號不計算在內(nèi)）。提示信息的形式有主題句、寫作提綱、規(guī)定情景、圖、表等，共20分?？荚嚂r間35分鐘。2.測試題型A節(jié):私人信函：寫給朋友或同學(xué)的信函公務(wù)信函：邀請信、感謝信、道歉信、祝賀信、介紹信、申請信、建議信、投訴信、咨詢信等等，正式文體備忘錄：上級對下級或同級之間的信函報告：下級對上級的正式信函告示：用于公布即將或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，包括通知、通告、啟示等B節(jié):論說文：1.圖畫或圖表描述；2.意義闡釋；3.歸納結(jié)論或建議措施33.測試要求語言結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)容4語言基本正確語言錯誤：語法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)語法錯誤：時態(tài)、冠詞、主謂一致2.豐富多變詞匯句型564.評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1）做到語法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確，用詞恰當(dāng)；2）遵循文章的特定文體格式；3）合理組織文章結(jié)構(gòu)，使其內(nèi)容統(tǒng)一、連貫；4）根據(jù)寫作目的和特定讀者，恰當(dāng)選用語域。7作文時間分配考試時間14:00—17:00寫作A：14:00—14:15寫作B：14:15—14:50A節(jié)：應(yīng)用文寫作辭職信LetterofResignation請求信LetterofRequest建議信LetterofAdvice求職信CoverLetterofJobApplication道歉信LetterofApology感謝信LetterofThanks申請信ApplicationLetter投訴信LetterofComplaint詢問信LetterofInquiry邀請信InvitationLetter祝賀信CongratulationLetter推薦信LetterofRecommendation備忘錄Memo/Memorandum便箋Note告示/通知Notice/Announcement8A節(jié)：應(yīng)用文寫作寫作格式：齊頭式縮進(jìn)式書信類應(yīng)用文格式：稱呼正文結(jié)束語簽名LiMing9稱呼稱呼使用的兩種情況寫給機(jī)構(gòu)不認(rèn)識負(fù)責(zé)人：DearSirorMadam,ToWhomItMayConcern,認(rèn)識負(fù)責(zé)人：DearMr.President,DearMr.(Michael)Wang,（使用全名或姓）寫給個人關(guān)系不親密：DearMr.President,DearMr.(Michael)Wang,（使用全名或姓）DearMichael,（直呼其名）10常見稱呼Mr.用于男性Ms.用于女性Dr./Prof.用于學(xué)術(shù)界Hon.(Honorable)用于市長、議員、大使、法官等的姓名前Pres.(President)用于稱呼董事長、總經(jīng)理、大學(xué)校長、會長等Rev.(Reverend)用于稱呼牧師Editor編輯DearSirorMadam,用于不知收信人姓名時ToWhomItMayConcern,用于不知收信人姓名時11正文一般包括三部分內(nèi)容寫應(yīng)用文的原因要告訴的事情有關(guān)的建議、希望或要求等12結(jié)束語Truly/Sincerelyyours,Yourstruly/sincerely,Yours,13應(yīng)用文模板辭職信LetterofResignation提出辭職說明原因，表示遺憾或感謝期盼回復(fù)14模板1 Dear

, Iamwritingtoinformyouaboutthedecisiontoresignfrommycurrentposition.Thereareafewfactorsinvolved. Firstandforemost,

.Secondly,

.Lastbutnotleast,

. (IwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmygratitudefortherewardingexperiencethatIhaveenjoyedduringmyemployment.) Isincerelywishyoucouldapproveofmyresignation,andIapologizeinadvanceforanyinconveniencethuscaused. Yourssincerely，LiMing15模板2 Dear

, IamsureitwillcomeasnosurprisethatIwishtoresignmypositionas

.ThoughIhaveenjoyedworkingwithyouandothercolleaguesinthecompany/organization,thereareafewreasonsthatforcemetogiveupmycurrentwork. Foronething,

.Foranother,

.(Moreover/Besides/Inaddition,

.) Iappreciatetheplentyofhelpandencouragementfromyouconstantly,andIamverysorryforanyinconveniencethuscaused.IpromisethatIwillstaythroughthenextmonthtohelpyoufindareplacementformyposition. Yourssincerely, LiMing162005年真題 Directions: TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnowyoufindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology. Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead. Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)17

DearMr.Wang,

Iamwritingtoinformyouaboutmydecisiontoresignfrommycurrentposition.

Theprimaryreasonsareasfollows.First,aftertwomonths,Idofeelthatitisnoteasyformetogetusedtotheextraworkandnightshift.Second,thesalaryhasproventobemuchlowerthanyouoriginallypromised,andIhavealargefamilytosupport.Last,whatIhavelearnedintheuniversitycannotmeettherequirementofbeinganeditor.

IfeelterriblysorryfortheinconvenienceIhavecaused.Isincerelyhopethatyouapproveofmyresignation.Yourssincerely, LiMing18請求信LetterofRequest介紹自己、提出請求說明原因及其他事項表達(dá)謝意、期盼答復(fù)19模板1 Dear

, Iam

.I’dliketoaskifyouhave

/canprovidemewiththeinformationof

.Thereasonsformyurgentneedof

areasfollows:1)

;2);3)

. Therefore,Iwillbemuchobligedifyoucanhelpme

.Pleasefeelfreetocallmeat

forfurtherquestions. Thankyouforyourtimeandpatience,andIlookforwardtoyourpromptreply. Yourssincerely， LiMing20模板2 Dear

, Mynameis

,andIam

.Ihavemadeupmymindtowritetoyouinthehopethatyoucanfurnishmewiththeinformationregarding

. AtpresentIampreparing/doing

,andaminlackof

thatiscrucialforthework/project/program.Therefore,itwouldbeofgreathelpifIcanhaveyourhelpfor

.PleasegetbacktomeatyourearliestconvenienceasIhaveto

soon. Iamprayingforyourreplywithfullappreciation. Yourssincerely, LiMing212006年真題 YouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan. Writeyourletterinnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)22

ToWhomItMayConcern, Asastudentwhocansupportmyself,IamwritingtorequestifyoucanhelpmefindapotentialbeneficiaryofProjectHope.

Iwonderwhetheritisconvenientforyouiftwothingsregardingthechildaretakenintoaccount.First,thechildshouldcomefromSichuanProvincebecauseIintendtohelpachildfrommyhometown.Second,itwillbebetterifheorsheisaprimaryschoolstudentwhowasforcedtodropschoolbecauseofabjectpoverty.

Iwouldliketohelptherecipientofmyassistanceannuallyuntilhegraduatesfromcollege.First,themoneywillcoverhistuitionfeeandotherexpensesatschool.Besides,Iwillcorrespondwithhimfrequentlysothathecanseekadvicewheneverheneeds.Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.Yourssincerely， LiMing23建議信LetterofAdvice自我介紹、說明目的委婉提出建議及改進(jìn)措施，或提出忠告禮貌總結(jié)或期盼回復(fù)24模板1 Dear

, Iamverygladtohearthatyouwanttoseeksomesuggestionsabout

inorderto

. Frommypointofview,

.Also,toyou,Ihighlyrecommendthat

.Ontheonehand,

.Ontheotherhand,

.Then,itisunnecessaryforyouto.Consequently,Ibelievethat

. Ihopethatmyopinionsareofhelptoyou,andpleasefeelfreetocontactmeformorequestions. Yourssincerely， LiMing25模板2 Dear

, Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning

.Inthefirstplace,Iwouldliketosaythankyouforthehelpandeverythingelseyouhavebeenofferingtous.Meanwhile,Ialsowanttomakesomeadvicetobetter

. First,wehavefoundthat

.Second,wewantto

.Finally,wehopethat

. Iamlookingforwardtoyourconsiderationaboutmyproposals.Thanksinadvanceforthat. Yourssincerely, LiMing262007年真題 Writealettertoyouruniversitylibrary,makingsuggestionsforimprovingitsservice. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)27

DearSirorMadam, Asastudentfromouruniversity,Iwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyouforthehelpyourenderme.Iamwritingtheletterinpurposeofofferingsomesuggestionstobetterourlibrary’sservice.

First,therearealwayscrowdsofusawaitinghelpinalongqueue.Wearelongingformoreefficientandfastservice.Second,wewanttogetonlinetofindoutwhetherthereisthebookwewantbeforehandtosaveourtime.Last,wehavefoundthatmostbooksandequipmentinthelibraryarealreadyveryoldandcracking.Wehopewewillhaveupdatedbooksaswellassomemodernlibraryfacilities.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourconsiderationaboutmyproposals.Thanksinadvanceforthat. Yourssincerely, LiMing282009年真題 Restrictionsontheuseofplasticbagshavenotbeensosuccessfulinsomeregions."Whitepollution"isstillgoingon.Writealettertotheeditor(s)ofyourlocalnewspaperto 1)giveyouropinionsbrieflyand 2)maketwoorthreesuggestions Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSHWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead. Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)29

DearEditors,

Ihavebeenreadingyournewspaperformanyyearswithagreatenthusiasmandinterest.Itismyviewthatlimitingtheuseofdisposablebagsisofutmostsignificance.

Tocrackthishardnut,Iwouldliketoproposeseveralpracticalrecommendationsasfollows.Firstandforemost,itisimperativeforustobanthefreeuseofdisposableplasticbags.Inaddition,weshoulddeveloppossiblealternativeformstoreplacethem,suchaspaperorclothingbags.Last,plasticbagsshouldbeofferedinamuchhigherpriceindepartmentstoresorsupermarkets.

IhopeyouwillfindtheaboveproposalsconduciveandIwouldliketodiscussthismattertofurtherdetails.Yourpromptattentiontomysuggestionswouldbehighlyappreciated. Yourssincerely, LiMing30B節(jié)：短文寫作三段論結(jié)構(gòu)：描繪圖畫說明意圖分析評論31框架結(jié)構(gòu)IntroductionGeneraldescriptionDetailsCaptionBodyTopicsentence:symbolicmeaningsArgument

1)五大角度：background,facts,others’opinions,reasons,consequence 2)六種手段：causeandeffect,classification,definition,illustration,quotation,comparisonandcontrast 3)聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)Conclusion：concludingsentence+suggestions+futureexpectation/endingdecoration3233

typesofwritingdescriptionnarrationexpositionargumentation印象原則看字?jǐn)?shù)，看是否三段論看三段內(nèi)容看語言3435作文時間分配第一步審題：努力找到題目中的關(guān)鍵詞和短語第二步構(gòu)思：確定觀點(diǎn)，以及拓展觀點(diǎn)第三步提綱：經(jīng)典三段式引言段（50字）圖畫描述主體段（100字）意義闡釋結(jié)論段（50字）建議措施或結(jié)論歸納

A:2分鐘B:3分鐘36第四步寫作：嚴(yán)格按照提綱結(jié)構(gòu)行文，寫的時候注意（1）多使用同義詞或同義表達(dá)方式替換避免詞匯的過度重復(fù)； （2）如何使句子結(jié)構(gòu)多樣化（簡單句，并列句和復(fù)雜句的交替使用，適當(dāng)將句中非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、介詞短語、從句等位置多樣；插入語、同位語的運(yùn)用等等）（優(yōu)秀句型：倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句和虛擬語氣）

（3）句子與句子之間銜接詞的運(yùn)用，表示上下文邏輯關(guān)系表達(dá)方式的使用。注：想的時候不寫，寫的時候不想。 A:12分鐘B:30分鐘第五步校對：只對拼寫錯誤和低級的語法錯誤做修改，保持卷面整潔。 A:1分鐘B:2分鐘37EffectiveSentencesUnityCoherenceConcisenessEmphasisVariety2016年真題 Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly,

2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET(20points)38ThePowerofExample

Theabovetwopicturesrevealtwofather’sdifferentteachingmethods.Inthefirstpicture,thefatherisurginghissontostudyhardwhileheissmokingandwatchingTVidly.Inthesecondpicture,thefatherandhissonarebothconcentratingonthestudy.Thecaptionunderthecartoonreads(Bytheannotationweareinformedthat):“Itisbettertosetanexamplethantomakedemands”.

Apparently,theauthorofthecartoonfocusesonthefactthatmanyparents,wheneducatingtheirchildren,tendtoneglecttheimpactoftheirownactsupontheirchildren.Itiswithoutanydoubtthatallparentshopethattheirchildrencouldhaveabrightfuture.Therefore,theytendtocountonschoolsandthesocietytoprovidetheirchildrenwithgoodeducation.However,whattheydon’trealizeisthatparentsarethefirstteachersofchildren.Parentsfailingtosetarolemodelfortheirchildrenwillonlyresultinanunhealthyfamilyatmosphere,whichisdefinitelyharmfultothefuturedevelopmentoftheirchildren.

Fromtheprecedingdiscussion,itisreadilyapparentthat,educationfromparentsisofvitalimportancetoachild’shealthygrowth.Therefore,parentsshouldprovidetheirchildrenwithafavorablegrowingenvironmentbybeingapositiverolemodel.Onlythroughpersistenteffortsandproperguidancecanchildrenenjoyabrightfuture.ThePowerofExample

Asisvividlydepictedinthefirstpicture,(Asisshowninthefirstportrayal,)thereisafatherwatchingTVandaskinghissontostudyhard,withhissonbeingunabletoconcentrateonhisstudy.Thesecondpictureportraysthatthesonandthefatherarestudyinghardtogether.Atthelowerpartofthepictureisacaptionwhichimplies(Belowthedrawing,thereisacaptionwhichsays)thatitiswiseforparentstosetagoodexamplefortheirchildrenbyactionratherthanbywords. Theauthorofthedrawingaimsatremindingusofthevalueofagoodexamplebyparents.(Thepicturevividlydemonstratesthevalueofagoodexamplebyparents.)

Firstandforemost,examplesspeaklouderthanwords,foritiswidelyacceptedthatanexampleenableseachpersontotransformhisorheraspirationsfromastateofpotentialityintoreality.Toputitanotherway,(Inotherwords/Thatistosay),parents’exampleenablestheirchildrentoimprovethemselves,sotheycanbequalifiedforthefuturejob,bereadyfortheforthcominglife,andtheyarelikelytoachievemorefulfillment.Furthermore,accordingtoalatestsurveyconductedbyanauthorityontheInternet,themajorityofpeopleinterviewedanswerthatparents’actionproducesmorepositiveinfluenceonthegrowthoftheirchildrenthanoralrequirementsdo. Hence/Tosumup,(Itiseasytodrawthisconclusionthat)itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationsfromtheabovepictures.Foronething,weshouldfrequentlyuseittoenlightenyoungparents.Foranother,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessofparentsthatpersonalexamplesareveryvitaltochildren’sgrowth.Onlybydoingsocanchildrengrowsoundinbodyandmind.Assignments YouhaveworkedinaNon-GovernmentalOrganizationforseveralyears,butnowyouneedtoquitthejobbecauseyouaremovingtoanothercitywithyourfamily.WritealettertoyourbossMr.Smithtotellhimyourdecisionandthereason,andyourappreciationfortheworkexperienceinthisagency. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)46 Youfindthatacourseyouaretakingistoodifficultforyou.Writealettertothedeantorequestachangeofthecourse.Explainyoursituationandreasons. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“L