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ReadingComprehension

ForanincreasingnumberofstudentsatAmerican

universities,oldissuddenlyin.Thereasonisobvious:the

grayingofAmericameansjobs.Coupledwiththeagingofthe

baby-boomgeneration,alongerlifespanmeansthatthe

nation'selderlypopulationisboundtoexpandsignificantly

overthenext50years.By2050,25percentofallAmericans

willbeolderthan65,upfrom14percentin1995.Thechange

posesprofoundquestionsforgovernmentandsociety,of

course.Butitalsocreatescareeropportunitiesinmedicine

andhealthprofessionsandinlawandbusinessaswell."In

additiontothedoctors,we'regoingtoneedmoresociologists,

biologists,urbanplannersandspecializedlawyers,"says

ProfessorEdwardSchneideroftheUniversityofSouthern

California's(USC)SchoolofGerontology(老年學(xué)).

Lawyerscanspecializein"elderlaw",whichcovers

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everythingfromtrustsandestatestonursing-homeabuse

andagediscrimination(歧視).Businessmenseehuge

opportunitiesintheeldermarketbecausethebabyboomers,

74millionstrong,arelikelytobethewealthiestgroupof

retireesinhumanhistory."Anystudentwhocombinesan

expertknowledgeingerontologywith,say,anMBAorlaw

degreewillhavealicensetoprintmoney,"oneprofessorsays.

MargaritaSantosisa21-year-oldsenioratUSC.She

begancollegeasabiologymajorbutfoundshewas"really

boredwithbacteria".Soshetookaclassingerontologyand

discoveredthatshelikeditShesays,"Ididvolunteerworkin

retirementhomesanditwasverysatisfying."

1."Oldissuddenlyin"(Para.1)mostprobablymeans.

A.Americahassuddenlybecomeanationofoldpeople

B.gerontologyhassuddenlybecomepopular

C.moreelderlyprofessorsarefoundonAmericancampuses

0.Americancollegeshaverealizedtheneedofenrollingolder

students

答案:B［解析］從全文來看，本篇文章所介紹的是老年學(xué)的問題，所以

指的是老年學(xué)突然流行起來。故選

"Oldissuddenlyin."Be

2.WiththeagingofAmerica,lawyerscanbenefit.

A.fromtheadoptionofthe"elderlaw"

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B.fromrenderingspecialservicestotheelderly

C.byenrichingtheirprofessionalknowledge

D.bywinningthetrustoftheelderlytopromotetheirown

interests

答案:A［解析］從文章第二段首句：Lawyerscanspecializein"elder

law"來看，正確答案為A,即律師可以從"老年法”中獲益。

3.Whycanbusinessmenmakemoneyintheemergingelder

market?

A.Retireesaremoregenerousinspendingmoney.

B.Theycanemploymoregerontologists.

C.Theelderlypossessanenormouspurchasingpower.

D.Therearemoreelderlypeopleworkingthanbefore.

答案:C［解析］根據(jù)文章第二段第二句："...arelikelytobethe

wealthiestgroupofretireesinhumanhistory/可推理出商人之

所以能從老年市場獲益，是因?yàn)檫@部分退休的老年人都十分富有，并

且擁有很強(qiáng)的購買力。因此正確答案為

Co

4.Whocanmakebigmoneyinthenewcenturyaccordingto

thepassage?

A.Retireeswhoarebusiness-minded.

B.Thevolunteerworkersinretirementhomes.

C.CollegegraduateswithanMBAorlawdegree.

D.Professionalswithagoodknowledgeofgerontology.

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答案:D［解析］從文章第二段最后一句："Anystudentwho

combinesanexpertknowledgeingerontologywith,say,an

MBAorlawdegreewillhavealicensetoprintmoney?可知，

獲得MBA或律師學(xué)位的優(yōu)秀的專業(yè)人士,再與老年學(xué)知識相結(jié)合,

將會賺取更多的錢。所以正確答案為D。

5.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheexpansionof

America'selderlypopulation.

A.willprovidegoodjobopportunitiesinmanyareas

B.willimposeanunbearableburdenonsociety

C.mayleadtonursing-homeabuseandagediscrimination

D.willcreatenewfieldsofstudyinuniversities

答案:A［解析］文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句："Butitalsocreatescareer

opportunitiesinmedicineandhealthprofessionals,andinlaw

andbusinessaswell."說明美國老齡人口的增加會在很多領(lǐng)域提

供就業(yè)的機(jī)會。故選A。

Televisionhasopenedwindowsineverybody'slife.Young

menwillneveragaingotowarastheydidin1914.Millionsof

peoplenowhaveseentheeffectsofabattle.Andtheresult

hasbeenageneralloathingofwar,andperhapsmoreinterest

inhelpingthosewhosufferfromalltheterriblethingsthat

havebeenshownonthescreen.

Televisionhasalsochangedpolitics.Themostdistant

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areascannowfollowstateaffairs,seeandhearthepoliticians

beforeanelection.Betterinformed,peoplearemorelikelyto

vote,andsotomaketheiropinioncount

Unfortunately,television'sinfluencehasbeenextremely

harmfultotheyoung.Childrendonothaveenough

experiencetorealizethatTVshowspresentanunrealworld;

thatTVadvertisementslietosellproductsthataresometimes

badoruseless.Theybelievethattheviolencetheyseeis

normalandacceptable.Alleducatorsagreethatthe

"televisiongenerations"aremoreviolentthantheirparents

andgrandparents.

Also,theyoungarelesspatient.UsedtoTVshows,where

everythingisquickandinteresting,theydonothavethe

patiencetoreadanarticlewithoutpictures;toreadabook

thatrequiresthinking;tolistentoateacherwhodoesn'tdo

funnythingslikethepeopleonchildren'sprograms.Andthey

expectallproblemstobesolvedhappilyinten,fifteen,or

thirtyminutes.That'sthetimeittakesonthescreen.

6.Theunderlinedword"loathing"inthefirstparagraph

refersto.

A.preference

B.faith

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C.dislike

D.belief

答案:C［解析］根據(jù)文章第一段第二句話"Youngmenwillnever

againgotowar..."以及最后一句中"loathing"和"interest”的

對比可推知此處loathing的意思是dislke（不喜歡，厭惡）。

7.Inthepast,manyyoungpeople.

A.knewtheeffectsofwar

B.wentinforpolitics

C.likedtosavethewoundedinwars

D.hadtoattendwars

答案:D［解析］根據(jù)短文第一段，A、C兩項(xiàng)都是錯(cuò)誤的。B項(xiàng)文中沒

有提到。只有D項(xiàng)根據(jù)文章第一段的第二句話"Youngmenwill

neveragaingotowarastheydidin19147可以得出。

8.NowwithTVpeoplecan.

A.discusspoliticsataninformationcenter

B.showmoreinterestinpolitics

C.knowtheresultofanelectionquickly

0.expresstheiropinionsfreely

答案:B［解析］根據(jù)短文第二段，A、D兩項(xiàng)都不符合文章的意思。C

項(xiàng)比較片面。B項(xiàng)的依據(jù)是：Betterinformed,peoplearemore

「kelytovote,andsotomaketheiropinioncount.由此可推斷

出人們對政治的興趣更多了。

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9.TheauthorthinksthatTVadvertisements.

A.arereliableonthewhole

B.areuselesstopeople

C.areagoodguidetoadults

D.areveryharmfultotheyoung

答案:D［解析］第三段第一句提到"Unfortunately,television's

influencehasbeenextremelyharmfultotheyoung."接下來講

了電視廣告的危害。由此判斷選D。

10.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludethat.

A.childrenshouldkeepawayfromTV

B.TVprogramsshouldbeimproved

C.children'sbooksshouldhavepictures

D.TVhasadeepinfluenceontheyoung

答案:D［解析］本題考查考生對全文意思的整體把握。我們直接根據(jù)

文中具體的段落或者句子可以推導(dǎo)出來的結(jié)論只有D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)"孩

子們應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離電視"文中沒有提到。文章只講到電視對年輕人有害。

B項(xiàng)"電視節(jié)目應(yīng)該提高"文章中也沒有依據(jù)。C項(xiàng)也是無依據(jù)的。

D項(xiàng)的依據(jù)是Unfortunately,television'sinfluencehasbeen

extremelyharmfultotheyoung.整個(gè)后兩段講的都是對年輕人

的影響。

Thedeclineinmoralstandards一whichhaslongconcerned

socialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverage

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Americans.AndJeanBethkeElshtain,forone,isglad.

Thefactthatordinarycitizensarenowstartingtothink

seriouslyaboutthenation'smoralclimate,saysthisethics（倫理

學(xué)）professorattheUniversityofChicago,isreasontohope

thatnewideaswillcomeforwardtoimproveit.

Butthechallengeisnottobeunderestimated.

MaterialismandindividualisminAmericansocietyarethe

biggestobstacles."ThethoughtthatTminitforme'has

becomedeeplyrootedinthenationalconsciousness,"Ms.

Elshtainsays.

Someofthiscanbeattributedtothedisintegrationof

traditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutfor

oneanother,shesays.Withtoday'sgreatermobilityandwith

somanycouplesworking,thosebondshavebeenweakened,

replacedbyagreateremphasisonself.

Ina1996pollofAmericans,lossofmoralitytoppedthe

listofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheU.S.AndElshtainsays

thepubliciscorrecttosensethat:DatashowsthatAmericans

arestrugglingwithproblemsunheardofinthe1950s,suchas

classroomviolenceandahighrateofbirthstounmarried

mothers.

"Thedesireforahighermoralstandardisnotalament（挽

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歌）forsomenonexistentgoldenage,"Elshtainsays,"norisita

wishful（一廂情愿的）longingforatimethatdenied

opportunitiestowomenandminorities.Mostpeople,infact,

favorthelesseningofprejudice."

"Moraldeclinewillnotbereverseduntilpeoplefindways

tocounterthematerialisminsociety,"shesays."Slowly,you

recognizethatthethingsthatmatterarethosethatcan'tbe

bought."

11.ProfessorElshtainispleasedtoseethatAmericans.

A.haveadaptedtoanewsetofmoralstandards

B.arelongingforthereturnofthegoodolddays

C.haverealizedtheimportanceofmaterialthings

D.areawakeningtotheloweringoftheirmoralstandards

答案:D［解析］從文章第一段:"Thedeclineinmoralstandards...

hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans?可知,

Elshtain教授看到美國人已開始意識到道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的下降而感到高興。

故選D。

12.ThemoraldeclineofAmericansocietyiscausedmainly

by.

A.itsgrowingwealth

B.theself-centerednessofindividuals

C.underestimatingtheimpactofsocialchanges

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D.theprejudiceagainstwomenandminorities

答案:B［解析］從文章第三段中"ThethoughtthatTminitfor

me'hasbecomedeeplyrootedinthenationalconsciousness/7

可判斷，美國社會道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下降的原因是人們太以自我為中心了。因

此正確答案為

Be

13.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesthetraditional

communities?

A.Greatmobility.

B.Concernforone'sneighbors.

C.Emphasisonindividualeffort.

D.Everweakeningsocialbonds.

答案:B［解析］從文章第四段第一句:"...thedisintegrationof

traditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutfor

oneanother../可知，傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)的特點(diǎn)是鄰里之間能相互關(guān)照。因

此正確答案為

Bo

14.Inthe1950s,classroomviolence.

A.wassomethingunheardof

B.wasbynomeansarareoccurrence

C.attractedalotofpublicattention

D.begantoappearinanalysts'data

答案:A［解析］從文章第五段最后一句："...unheardofinthe1950s,

suchasclassroomviolence../可知，在20世紀(jì)50年代,班級暴

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力是聞所未聞的事。故選A。

15.AccordingtoElshtain,thecurrentmoraldeclinemaybe

reversed.

A.ifpeoplecanreturntothe"goldenage"

B.whenwomenandmenenjoyequalrights

C.whenpeopleridthemselvesofprejudice

D.iflessemphasisislaidonmaterialthings

答案:D［解析］文章最后一段:"Moraldeclinewillnotbereversed

untilpeoplefindwaystocounterthematerialisminsociety..."

說明，如果想改變目前道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下降的狀況，就應(yīng)該想方設(shè)法扭轉(zhuǎn)物

質(zhì)主義者的思想，即不要太注重物質(zhì)方面的事情，因此正確答案為D。

MaasaiMaraisapartofthesouthwesterntouristcircuitand

themostpopularandvisitedgamereserveinKenya.The

annualwildebeestmigrationtoMaasaiMaraistheworld's

greatestwildlifespectacle,somethingnottobemissed

especiallyifyou'revisitingKenyabetweenAugustandOctober.

Millionsofwildebeests,zebrasandgazellesfromtheSerengeti

plainsmigrateacrosstheTanzaniaborderandtheMaraRiver

toreachMaasaiMatagrazingfieldsfromlateJune.Thegame

reserveaboundswithbird-lifesinceclosetoabout452odd

specieshavebeenrecorded.

MaasaiMarahasagoodrangeofaccommodationfrom

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five-starlodgestoluxury-tendedcamps.Tokeepthetempoof

youradventuregoing,Spartantentedcampsandcampsites

withinthegamereservearethebestchoice.Gamewalksand

nightgamerunswereteststoourbravery!Nightfailsquickly

inthetropicsandasthetemperaturedrops,thecampfire

becomesthefocusofyourtour.Youcankeepcountofthe

sightingsofmammals,reptilesandbirds.Insectsandhyenas

providethebackgroundmusicwhilethenightskyisa

symphonyofstars.

LakeNaivasha,Magadi,VictoriaandElementaitaare

accessiblefromtheMaasaiMaraGamereserve.Kenya's

pricelesstreasuryofwildlifeowesitsexistencetocontrastsin

thecountry'sterrain,whichrangesfromruffedsnowcovered

peaksofMountKenya,theHighland,theGreatRiftValleyand

itslakesaswellasthesunburntsandsofthecoast.Eachof

thesegeographicalregionsishometodifferenttypesof

wildlifethatareuniquetoeacharea.

Kenyahasanamazingwealthofbirdlife.Wecouldgetto

seemanybirdspeciesinKenya.Thisagainisduetoitsvariety

ofhabitats.Manymigratorybirdsarealsospottedhere.

Accordingtoourguide,morethansixmillionbirdsmigrateto

KenyaduringtheNorthernHemispherewinter.These

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migrantsalongwiththelocalspeciesofbirdsmakeKenyaan

ornithologicalparadise.

16.WhendoesthemigrationofwildebeestsreachMaasai

Mara?

A.BetweenAugustandOctober.

B.InlateJuneoftheyear.

C.DuringtheNorthernHemispherewinter.

D.FormJunetoOctober.

答案:A［解析］從文章第一段第二句："...somethingnottobe

missedespeciallyifyou'revisitingKenyabetweenAugustand

October?可知，每年八月到十月在MaasaiMara會出現(xiàn)世界上最

為壯觀的牛羚遷移景觀。故選A。

17.Whatdoesthephrase"aboundwith"(Para.1)mean?

A.Restrictwith.

B.Haveinlargenumbers.

C.Beconnectedwith.

0.Dependon.

答案:B［解析］根據(jù)上下文判斷"aboundwith"意思為"擁有、富

有"，具體表示該地區(qū)擁有大量的鳥類。因此選

Be

18.WhyistheresuchavarietyofwildlifeinKenya?

A.BecausetherearemanylakesinKenya.

B.BecauseKenyaisatropicalcountry.

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C.BecauseKenyaconsistsofdifferentgeographicalregions.

0.BecauseKenyahasagamereserve.

答案:C［解析］根據(jù)文章第三段第二句："Kenya'spricelesstreasury

ofwildlifeowesitsexistencetocontrastsinthecountry's

terrain..；可知，由于Kenya這一地域擁有反差強(qiáng)烈的不同的地理環(huán)

境，因此會有大量的野生動物。故正確答案為

Co

19.WhyaretheremanybirdspeciesinKenya?

A.Becauseitisanornithologicalparadise.

B.Becauseithasmanylakes.

C.Becauseitiswinterinthenorthernhemisphere.

0.Becauseithasavarietyofhabitats.

答案:D［解析］文章最后一段第三句:"Thisagainisduetoits

varietyofhabitats"說明，多樣的棲息環(huán)境吸引了各類鳥類的到來。

因此正確答案為

De

20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMaasaiMarais

NOTtrue?

A.Visitorscanseevariousmammals,reptilesandbirdsthere.

B.ThereareonlySpartantentedcampstoliveinforvisitors.

C.Atnightvisitorscanhearthevoiceofinsectsandhyenas

there.

D.ThesunfallsveryearlyinMaasaiMara.

答案:B［解析］由第二段的介紹可知B項(xiàng)與原文的意思不符。第二段首

［大學(xué)英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料］專升本英語分類模擬56

句:"MaasaiMarahasagoodrangeofaccommodationfrom

five-starlodgestoluxury-tendedcamps."就告訴我們,Maasai

擁有一系列的等級不同的野營站。因此選

MaraBo

InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanhavebecomethe

fastest-growingUSminority.Astheirchildrenbeganmoving

upthroughthenation'sschools,itbecameclearthatanew

classofacademicachieverswasemerging.Theirachievements

arereflectedinthenation'sbestuniversities,where

mathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshave

takenonadecidedlyAsiancharacter.Thisspeciallikingfor

mathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthat

Asian-Americanstudentswhobegantheireducationabroad

arrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbut

littleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedby

thepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewill

belessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandscience

becausetheywillbejudgedmoreimmediateinsomethinglike

engineeringthanwithanartsdegree.

MostAsian-Americanstudentsowetheirsuccesstothe

influenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildren

takefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystem

hastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionis

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homework.Asianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildren

thanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.Manyresearchersalso

believethereissomethinginAsianculturethatbreedssuccess,

suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasize

education.

Bothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworry

Asian-Americansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypical

racialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,Japanese

andFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation.

Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngiving

allAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship.

21.Whilemakingtremendousachievementsatcollege,

Asian-Americanstudents.

A.feeltheyaremistreatedbecauseoflimitedknowledgeof

English

B.areafraidthattheiracademicsuccessesbearastrongAsian

character

C.stillworryaboutunfairtreatmentinsociety

0.generallyfeelitashametohavetodependontheirparents

答案:C［解析］文章最后一段第一句提到："Bothexplanationsfor

academicsuccessworryAsian-Americansbecauseoffears

thattheyfeedatypicalracialimage/即亞裔美國人盡管在許多

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方面取得很大成績，但仍擔(dān)心的是種族問題。故選

c0

22.Whatarethemajorfactorsthatdeterminethesuccessof

AsianAmericans?

A.AsolidfoundationinbasicmathematicsandAsianculture.

B.Hardworkandintelligence.

C.HardhelpandalimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

D.AsiancultureandtheAmericaneducationalsystem.

答案:A［解析］從文章第一段第四句："...Asian-Americanstudents

whobegantheireducationabroadarrivedintheUSwitha

solidgroundinginmathematics...?和第二段內(nèi)容可知A正確,

其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)文中都沒有明確提及。

23.FewAsian-Americanstudentsmajorinhumansciences

mainlybecause.

A.theirEnglishisnotgoodenough

B.theyareafraidtheymightmeetwithunfairjudgmentin

theseareas

C.thereisawidedifferencebetweenAsianandWestern

cultures

D.theyknowlittleaboutAmericancultureandsociety

答案:B［解析］由第一段最后一句可推知,亞裔學(xué)生認(rèn)為在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)

領(lǐng)域會得到較公正的對待，而在人文領(lǐng)域會受到不公正的對待。因此

正確答案為

Bo

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24.Whydothetwo"explanations"(Para.3)worryAsian

Americans?

A.Theyareafraidthattheywouldagainbeisolatedfrom

Americansocietyingeneral.

B.PeoplewouldthinkthatAsianstudentsrelyontheirparents

forsuccess.

C.Asian-Americanswouldbeathreattootherminorities.

0.Americanacademicachievementshavetakenontoostrong

atAsiancharacter.

答案:A［解析］從第三段第二句："Manycanrememberwhen

Chinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsof

socialisolation;可知,中國、日本、菲律賓移民曾為社會疏離的

受害者，這正是亞裔美國人所擔(dān)心的。故選

Ao

25.Theauthor'stoneinthispassageis.

A.sympathetic

B.doubtful

C.critical

0.objective

答案:D［解析］縱觀全文，作者是以非?？陀^的事實(shí)來論述問題的。

因此選D。

Doweneedlawsthatpreventusfromrunningriskswithour

lives?Ifso,thenperhapslawsareneededprohibitingthesale

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ofcigarettesandalcoholicdrink.Bothproductshavebeen

knowntokillpeople.Thehazardsofdrinkingtoomuch

alcoholareasbadorworsethanthehazardsofsmokingtoo

manycigarettes.Allrightthen,let'spassalawclosingthe

liquorstoresandthebarsinthiscountry.Let'sputanendonce

andforalltotheruinousdiseasefromwhichasmanyas10

millionAmericanscurrentlysuffer-----alcoholism.

Butwait,we'vealreadytriedthat.For13years,between

1920and1933,therewerenoliquorstoresanywhereinthe

UnitedStates.Theywereshutdownabolishedbyan

amendmenttotheConstitution(the18th)andbyalawof

Congress(theVolsteadAct).AfterJanuary20,1920,therewas

supposedtobenomoremanufacturing,selling,or

transportingof"intoxicatingliquors".Withoutanymoreliquor;

peoplecouldnotdrinkit,andiftheydidnotdrinkit,how

couldtheygetdrunk?Therewouldbenomoredangerstothe

publicwelfarefromdrunkennessandalcoholism.Itwasall

verylogical.Andyetprohibitionofliquor,beer,andwinedid

notwork.Why?

Because,lawornolaw,millionsofpeoplestilllikedto

drinkalcohol.Andtheywerewillingtotakerisksofgettingit.

Theywerenotabouttochangetheirtastesandhabitsjust

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becauseofachangeinthelaw.Andgangsofliquorsmugglers

madeiteasytobuyanillegaldrink.Theysmuggledmillionsof

gallonsoftheoutlawedbeveragesacrosstheCanadianand

MexicanBorders.Drinkerswereluckytoknowofanillegalbar

thatservedMexicanorCanadianliquor.Crimeand

drunkennesswerebothsupposedtodeclineasaresultof

prohibition.Insteadpeopledrankmorealcoholthan

ever-oftenpoisonedalcohol.

OnDecember5,1933,theyrepealedprohibitionby

ratifyingthe21stAmendmenttotheConstitution.

26.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTacharacteristicreason

fortheproposalofthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitution

andtheVolsteadAct?

A.Therewouldbenofurtherclangertothepublicfrom

alcoholism.

B.Therewouldbeariseinthecostofalcoholicbeverages.

C.Withoutliquor;peoplewouldnotdrink.

0.Peoplewouldn'tbecomedrunkorcreateapublicnuisance.

答案:B［解析］從文章第二段的后幾句："Withoutanymoreliquor,

peoplecouldnotdrinkit,andiftheydidnotdrinkit,how

couldtheygetdrunk?Therewouldbenomoredangerstothe

publicwelfarefromdrunkennessandalcoholism/可知,B項(xiàng)

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關(guān)于"酒類的費(fèi)用會提高"不合題意。因此正確答案為

Be

27.Duringprohibition,illegalalcoholwas.

A.soldopenly

B.nolongeratemptation

C.amajorfactorinthepassageoftheVolsteadAct

0.broughtacrosstheMexicanandCanadianborders

答案:D［解析］由第三段第五句:"Theysmuggledmillionsof

gallonsoftheoutlawedbeveragesacrosstheCanadianand

Mexicanborders?可知,違法酒是從加拿大和墨西哥邊境走私進(jìn)入

美國的。故選

De

28.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,people.

A.livedinfearofthelaw

B.werewillingtoriskofarrestingforthepleasureofliquor

C.recklesslyendangeredtheircommunities

D.wererespectfulofthelegalsanctionsplacedonthem

答案:B［解析］由第三段首句:"Because,lawornolaw,millionsof

peoplestilllikedtodrinkalcohol.Andtheywerewillingtotake

risksofgettingit;可知，即使頒布了禁酒令，可是人們照樣我行

我素敢于冒險(xiǎn)。因此正確答案為B。

29.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,governmentofficials

assumedthat.

A.everyAmericanwouldbuyalcoholillegally

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B.allcriminalactivitieswouldcease

C.patrolsoftheCanadianborderwouldhaltthesaleofalcohol

D.thesocialthreatfromdrunkennesswoulddecline

答案:D［解析］由第三段的最后："crimeanddrunkennesswere

bothsupposedtodeclineasaresultofprohibition;instead...?

可知，人們本以為酗酒對社會造成的危害會下降，然而……o因此D

項(xiàng)正確。

30.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.theCongresswaswisetorepealprohibition

B.theprohibitionwascharacterizedbyadecreaseincrimeand

drunkenness

C.duringprohibition,mostAmericansstoppeddrinking

D.lawsshouldbepassedtobanthesaleofalcoholicbeverage

答案:A［解析］通讀全文尤其是第三段，我們可以知道,十年來禁酒令

未能成功實(shí)施，政府不得不在1993年12月5號廢除了它，并實(shí)施

第二十一號修正案。因此正確答案為

Ao

IntheUnitedStateselementaryeducationbeginsattheage

ofsix.Atthisstagenearlyalltheteachersarewomen,mostly

married.Theatmosphereisusuallyveryfriendly,andthe

teachershavenowacceptedtheideathattheimportantthing

istomakethechildrenhappyandinterested.Theold

authoritarian（要絕對服從的）methodsofeducationwere

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discredited（不被認(rèn)可）ratheralongtimeago—somuchsothat

manypeoplenowthinkthattheyhavegonetoofarinthe

directionoftryingtomakechildrenhappyandinterested

ratherthangivingthemactualinstruction.

Thesocialeducationofyoungchildrentriestomakethem

accepttheideathathumanbeingsinasocietyneedtowork

togetherfortheircommongood.Sotheemphasisison

cooperationratherthancompetitionthroughoutmostofthis

process.Thismayseemcurious,inviewofthefactthat

Americansocietyishighlycompetitive;however;theneedfor

makingpeoplesociableinthissensehascometoberegarded

asoneofthefunctionsofeducation.MostAmericansdogrow

upwithcompetitiveideas,andobviouslyquiteafewas

criminals,butitisnotfairtosaythattheeducationalsystem

fails.Itprobablydoessucceedinmakingmostpeoplesociable

andreadytohelponeanotherbothinmaterialwaysand

throughkindnessandfriendliness.

31.Accordingtothepassage,theU.S.elementaryeducation

issupposedtomakechildren.

A.sensibleandsensitive

B.competitiveandinterested

C.curiousandfriendly

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D.happyandcooperative

答案:D［解析］全文分兩段：第一段著重闡述美國初等教育是要給小

孩創(chuàng)造一個(gè)充滿快樂和興趣的成長氛圍。theimportantthingisto

makethechildrenh叩pyandinterested,”重要的是讓孩子們快

樂和有興趣"；第二段主要闡述初等教育所包含的社會化教育，培養(yǎng)

孩子們在競爭的過程中有合作的意識。Sotheemphasisison

cooperationratherthancompetitionthroughoutmostofthis

process."所以這一過程中強(qiáng)調(diào)合作而不是競爭。"因此，D項(xiàng)是正

確的，其他幾項(xiàng)在文章中沒有提到，不符合題意。

32.SomeAmericanscomplainaboutelementaryschools

becausetheythink.

A.childrenarereluctanttohelpeachother

B.schoolslaytoomuchemphasisoncooperation

C.childrenshouldgrowupwithcompetitiveideas

0.schoolsgivelittleactualinstructiontochildren

答案:D［解析］由文章第一段最后一句話"Theoldauthoritarian（要

絕對服從的）methodsofeducationwerediscredited（不被認(rèn)

可）ratheralongtimeago-somuchsothatmanypeoplenow

thinkthattheyhavegonetoofarinthedirectionoftryingto

makechildrenhappyandinterestedratherthangivingthem

actualinstruction；可以判斷出某些美國人抱怨初等教育的原因在

于忽視了應(yīng)該給孩子們一些實(shí)際的指導(dǎo)。因此，正確答案是前三

De

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項(xiàng)都不是抱怨的原因。

33.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsAmericaneducationcanbe

bestdescribedas.

A.favorable

B.negative

C.tolerant

0.unfriendly

答案:A［解析］本題考查考生對全文基調(diào)的把握，即作者的態(tài)度問題。

通過全文，尤其是最后一句話可以看出作者對美國的教育是持贊美態(tài)

度的。

34.TheAmericaneducationalsystememphasizes.

A.materialwealth

B.competition

C.cooperation

0.personalbenefit

答案:C［解析］本題考查考生對細(xì)節(jié)的理解。文中第二段第二句提到

“Sotheemphasisisoncooperationratherthancompetition

throughoutmostofthisprocess",所以這一過程中強(qiáng)調(diào)合作而

不是競爭。依據(jù)以上句子可判斷，C為正確選項(xiàng)。

35.Theword"sociable"(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans

A.fondoftalkingfreely

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B.friendlywithotherpeople

C.concernedaboutsocialwelfare

D.happyatschool

答案:B［解析］本題是詞義題，考查考生根據(jù)上下文對具體詞語的理解。

由文章最后一句話可知選

Bo

AdamSmithwasthefirstpersontoseetheimportanceof

thedivisionofthel