《旅游英語(yǔ)》課件-Chinese Buddhism-

Module4SplendidCulture品鑒中華魂“IntroductiontoChineseCulturalElements”中國(guó)文化元素TourismEnglish課程組ChineseBuddhism中國(guó)佛教ContentIOriginofChineseBuddhismIIIIIIIIIIIIRapidDevelopmentPeriodsofBuddhisminChinaIIIMajorSetbacksintheProcessofBuddhismDevelopmentIVInfluenceofBuddhismonChineseCulture佛教OriginofChineseBuddhismPartOne:OriginofChineseBuddhismChineseBuddhismoriginatedinIndiaandhasdevelopedformorethan2,000yearssinceitwasintroducedintoChinaduringtheEasternHanDynasty(25-220AD).Builtin68AD,theWhiteHorseTempleinLuoyangisrespectedasthe"BuddhistAncestralChamber"bylaterbuddhistdisciples.佛教RapidDevelopmentPeriodsofBuddhisminChinaPartTwo:RapidDevelopmentPeriodsofBuddhisminChinaThefirstdevelopmentupsurgeofBuddhismoccurredduringtheJin(265-420AD)andSouthernandNorthernDynasties(420-589AD).RapidDevelopmentPeriodsofBuddhisminChinaTheNorthernWeiperiodisanextremelyimportantstageinthedevelopmentofChineseBuddhism.TheworldfamousYungangGrottoesinDatongandLongmenGrottoesinLuoyangwereexcavatedbythegovernmentduringthatperiod.RapidDevelopmentPeriodsofBuddhisminChinaBuddhismflourishedduringtheSui(581-618AD)andTang(619-907)Dynasties.ChineseBuddhismentereditsheyday.ChineseBuddhismbegantospreadtoKorea,Japan,VietnamandIndonesia.RapidDevelopmentPeriodsofBuddhisminChinaIntheSongDynastyBuddhismflourishedagain.Itbecamemoreandmorepopularamongthecommonpeopleandhadabroadsocialinfluence.IntheMingDynastyBuddhismtendedtomergewithConfucianismandTaoismintermsofphilosophy,whichiscalled"threereligionsinone".佛教MajorSetbacksintheProcessofBuddhismDevelopmentPartThree:MajorSetbacksintheProcessofBuddhismDevelopmentFourlarge-scaleeventstorestrictandoutlawBuddhismoccurredrespectivelyintheNorthernWeiDynasty,NorthernZhouDynasty,TangDynastyandtheFiveDynastiesandTenKingdomsperiod.Alargenumberofmonksandnunswerekilled,monasteriesweredemolished,Buddhismstatuesweredestroyed,buddhistscriptureswereburned,andtemplelandandpropertywereconfiscated.Buddhismsufferedagreatblow.MajorSetbacksintheProcessofBuddhismDevelopmentThemainreasonsinclude:Thetempleeconomyexpandedwhichaffectedthenationalrevenue,weakenedthestrengthofthecourtandincreasedtheburdenofthestate.TherehasbeenfierceconflictsbetweenBuddhismandTaoismandConfucianism.Somemonkslivedrichly,associatedwithhighofficialsandeveninterferedingovernmentaffairs.佛教InfluenceofBuddhismonChineseCulturePartFour:InfluenceofBuddhismonChineseCultureAftertwothousandyearsofdevelopment,BuddhismhaspenetratedintoeveryaspectofthesocietyandinfluencedeveryfieldofChineseculture.InChinesehistory,therichandcolorfulbuddhistculturegavebirthtomanygreatthinkers,writers,artists,educatorsandtravelers.InfluenceofBuddhismonChineseCultureTraditionalChineseliteratureiscloselyconnectedwithBuddhism.ManyBuddhistworksareexcellentliteraryworksthemselves.ManyliteraryworkscontainbuddhistprinciplesandsomearedirectlybasedonBu