2022-2023學年浙江省杭州四校聯(lián)盟高二下學期期中考試英語試卷（解析版）

高中英語名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省杭州四校聯(lián)盟2022-2023學年高二下學期期中考試英語試卷第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AArtsorScience?Streamingisastepthatonemusttakeinadolescence.Certainly,theanswertothisdecisiondoesnotcomeeasytomostpeople.Themostimportantthingtodoistoidentifywhereyourinterestslie.Youmayalsoconsiderfuturejobs,throughwhichyoucanfindwhatyoulove.Thelittleknownbutinterestingjobsbelowareforyourreference.Little-knownbutinterestingjobsinthesciencesector:Little-knownbutinterestingjobsintheartssector:1.PerfumerAcreativeperfumermixesseveralscentedchemicalstomaketheperfectfragrance,usinghisorherknowledgeofchemicals.Itcantakemanytrialsandmuchconsumertestingtogetthatperfectscent.1.MuseumCuratorAmuseumcuratorsafeguardscollectionsofheritage.Heorsheisacontent-specialistchargedwithaninstitution’scollectionsandinvolvedwiththeinterpretationofheritagematerial.2.OrthotistItisajobthathelpsthosewhohavelostsomepartoftheirlimbs(四肢).Anorthotisthelpspatientswithpartialortotalabsenceoflimbsbycreatingacustom-designeddevice.2.GlassblowerGlassblowersarecreativepeoplewhodesign,produceanddecorateglass.Theyaretheoneswhoarebehindtheexquisitely-designedglassgiftware,tablewareandmirrors.3.SonographerSonographersperformproceduressuchassonogramsandultrasounds.Essentially,theyenableustoseewhatisinsidethebodywithoutperformingsurgeries.3.JewelryDesignerAjewelrydesignerdesignsandmakesjewelryusingavarietyofmaterials,includinggold,silverandstones.Thejewelrytheymakemaynotbewearable,butusedasdecorativeartefactsinstead.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeanidealcandidateforajobasaperfumer?A.Amedicalstudent. B.Achemistrystudent.C.Ahistorystudent. D.Alawstudent.2.Whichjobcanserveasanaidtoamedicaldiagnosis?A.Perfumer. B.Orthotist.C.Glassblower. D.Sonographer.3.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Job-hunters. B.Universitygraduates.C.Highschoolstudents. D.Employers.〖答案〗1.B2.D3.A【導語】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了幾個有趣的工作?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)1.Perfumer中“Acreativeperfumermixesseveralscentedchemicalstomaketheperfectfragrance,usinghisorherknowledgeofchemicals.(富有創(chuàng)造力的調香師利用他或她的化學品知識混合幾種有香味的化學物質來制作完美的香水。)”可知，調香師工作的理想人選是化學專業(yè)的學生。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)3.Sonographer中的“Sonographersperformproceduressuchassonogramsandultrasounds.Essentially,theyenableustoseewhatisinsidethebodywithoutperformingsurgeries.(超聲醫(yī)師執(zhí)行超聲檢查和超聲波等程序。從本質上講，它們使我們能夠在不進行手術的情況下看到體內(nèi)的情況。)”可知，Sonographers可以幫助進行醫(yī)學診斷。故選D項。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Themostimportantthingtodoistoidentifywhereyourinterestslie.Youmayalsoconsiderfuturejobs,throughwhichyoucanfindwhatyoulove.Thelittleknownbutinterestingjobsbelowareforyourreference.(最重要的事情是確定您的興趣所在。你也可以考慮未來的工作，通過它你可以找到你喜歡的東西。下面鮮為人知但有趣的工作供您參考。)”可知，這篇文章是給求職者寫的。故選A項。BIn1973,theartistMarcChagallmadeanemotionalreturntoRussiansoil.Hewas85yearsoldandhadn’tseenthecountryofhisbirthformorethanhalfacentury.“Ifeel.moremuscularnow,”hesaidshortlyafterthetripwasover.“Itdidmegood.Itrefreshedmeformywork.”Theremarkablething,however,isthatdespitehisadvancedage,Chagallneverneededmuchrefreshing.Hecontinuedworkingtillhisdyingday,aged97.Itwasinhislateryearsthathisuseofintensecolournotablyadvanced.Thereweretwoobviouscatalysts(催化劑)forthis.OnewasChagall’smovein1949fromParistotheCoted’Azur,wherethecolorfullandscape,withitsgreenseasandpurplefields,lefttheirmark.TheotheronewasChagall’sworkdesigningstained-glasswindows(彩色玻璃).Chagall’seffortsinstainedglassundoubtedlycontributedtohisoil-paintingpractice.Thepurepassagesofyellow,green,orange,purpleandwhitethatdividethecanvas(畫布)ofL’ervoldupeintreintothreeareafineexample.DallmayrsuggestsinhisbookMarcChagall:TheArtistasPeacemaker(2020)thatafterlivingthroughtwoworldwars,aswellasthehorroroftheHolocaust,Chagalldevelopedan“artisticvisionofpeace”.Hisworkwascharacterisedbyasenseofharmonyandhappiness.Asoneoftheworld’sgreatestartists,hewasnevershortofspeakinginvitations,andinalecturein1959hesaidthat“l(fā)oveshouldbethebasisoftruepolitics—itcouldbringaboutrealpeace”.It’simportanttostressthatChagallwasanartist,notapolitician—butthespeechesfromhislateryearsdoshedacertainlightonhisworkfromthattime.Heneverstoppedinnovating,whetherinpaintingorinhisembraceandcommandofnewmediaentirely.Allthewhile,hisartwasmarkedbyitswarmth,witand—perhapsespeciallyinlaterlife—theaimofgivingpeaceachance.4.HowdidMarcChagallfeelaboutthetriptoRussia?A.Excited. B.Relieved. C.Exhausted. D.Bored.5.WhyisMarcChagall’spaintingL’envoldupeintrementioned?A.ToshowhisextraordinaryunderstandingofintensecolorsB.TodisplayhisapplicationofdifferentcolorsintheoilpaintingC.TodemonstratetheimpactofdesigningstainedglassonhisoilpaintingD.Toillustratetheexceptionaldivisionofthecanvasinoilpaintingpractice6.Accordingtothepassage,whatwordscanbestdescribeMarcChagall?A.Creativeandpeace-loving. B.Passionateandemotional.C.Considerateandhardworking. D.Friendlyandimaginative.7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinginfluencesthestyleofhisworks?A.Hisadvancedage. B.Hispoliticalview.C.Hismarriagelife. D.Hisschooleducation.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.A7.B【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了著名的藝術家馬克·夏加爾。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中““Ifeelmoremuscularnow,”hesaidshortlyafterthetripwasover.“Itdidmegood.Itrefreshedmeformywork.”(“我現(xiàn)在感覺肌肉發(fā)達了”，他在旅行結束后不久說?！斑@對我有好處。它讓我的工作煥然一新?！?”可知，馬克·夏加爾認為這次俄羅斯之行是令人激動的。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Chagall’seffortsinstainedglassundoubtedlycontributedtohisoil-paintingpractice.Thepurepassagesofyellow,green,orange,purpleandwhitethatdividethecanvas(畫布)ofL’ervoldupeintreintothreeareafineexample.(夏加爾在彩色玻璃方面的努力無疑有助于他的油畫實踐。黃色、綠色、橙色、紫色和白色的純粹段落將L'envoldupeintre的畫布分為三部分，就是一個很好的例子。)”可知提到馬克·夏加爾的畫作《L’ervoldupeintre》是為了展示彩色玻璃設計對他的油畫的影響。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“DallmayrsuggestsinhisbookMarcChagall:TheArtistasPeacemaker(2020)thatafterlivingthroughtwoworldwars,aswellasthehorroroftheHolocaust,Chagalldevelopedan“artisticvisionofpeace”.Hisworkwascharacterisedbyasenseofharmonyandhappiness.(達爾邁爾在其著作《馬克?夏加爾：和平締造者的藝術家》(MarcChagall:TheArtistasPeacemaker,2020）中表示，在經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)以及大屠殺的恐怖之后，夏加爾形成了“和平的藝術愿景”。他的作品以和諧和幸福感為特征。)”以及最后一段“Heneverstoppedinnovating,whetherinpaintingorinhisembraceandcommandofnewmediaentirely.Allthewhile,hisartwasmarkedbyitswarmth,witand-perhapsespeciallyinlaterlifetheaimofgivingpeaceachance.(無論是在繪畫方面，還是在對新媒體的擁抱和掌控方面，他從未停止過創(chuàng)新。一直以來，他的藝術都以其溫暖、智慧為標志，也許尤其是在后來的生活中，他的目的是給和平一個機會。）”可知馬克?夏加爾是一個富有創(chuàng)造力，熱愛和平的人。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“DallmayrsuggestsinhisbookMarcChagall:TheArtistasPeacemaker(2020)thatafterlivingthroughtwoworldwars,aswellasthehorroroftheHolocaust,Chagalldevelopedan“artisticvisionofpeace”.Hisworkwascharacterisedbyasenseofharmonyandhappiness.(達爾邁爾在其著作《馬克?夏加爾：和平締造者的藝術家》(MarcChagall:TheArtistasPeacemaker,2020）中表示，在經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)以及大屠殺的恐怖之后，夏加爾形成了“和平的藝術愿景”。他的作品以和諧和幸福感為特征。)”）可知，影響了他的作品風格的是他的政治觀點。故選B項。CGeneticinformationisimportantbecauseitstores,processesandtransmitsbiologicaldatafromgenerationtogeneration.Somescientistsevenassumethatknowinggeneticinformationitselfmatters.Forexample,inquantummechanics(量子力學),thereisapopulartheoryknownasthe“observereffect”,whichstatesthattheactofobservingaphenomenon(usuallybymakingsomekindofmeasurement)necessarilychangesthatphenomenon.Inotherwords,justbybeingthereandhavinganinterestintheoutcome,weaffectthatoutcome.Whiletheexplanationsbehindtheobserver’sinfluenceinquantummechanicscomedowntothemeasuringinstrumentandnottheobserver’sconsciousmind,wealsoseestrongevidenceforthe“placeboeffect”inmedicine:apatient’sconditioncanimproveiftheyjustbelievetheyarereceivinganeffectivetreatment.Andthosebeneficialeffectscanhappenevenifthepatientisnotactuallyreceivingthattreatmentorifthetreatmentdoesn’tactuallywork.Ifourmindstrulydohavepoweroveroursurroundingsandourbodies,whatdoeshavingthegeneticinformationdotous?Doessimplyknowingmoreaboutourownphysiology(生理機能)changeit?Arecentstudyonexerciseandobesitysuggeststhattheanswerisyes.Thosewhoweretoldtheywereatlowgeneticriskforobesityproduced2.5timesmoreofthefullnesshormoneandclaimedtofeelfullerdespiteeatingthesamemealastheyhadoneweekprior.Thosewhoweretoldtheyhadlowerendurancebecauseoftheirgenesdidworseontheirphysicaltestthantheyhadbeforereceivingthatinformation:theyshowedlowerlungcapacityandquitsooner.Thus,havinginformationaboutourgeneticriskcanleadtoimprovementsinourphysiology(aswastruefortheeatersofthestudy),butitcanalsoputusatadisadvantage(aswiththepoorexerciseperformers).Sowecertainlyneedtobecautiousofincorrectgeneticinformation.ButastheStanfordstudyshows,evenifthegeneticinformationwereceiveiscorrect,howwereceiveitisalsoimportant.8.Howdoesthe“placeboeffect”inmedicinework?A.Thepatientrecoverswiththetimelytreatment.B.Thepatient’sconditionworsensduetoalackoftreatment.C.Thepatient’sconditionremainsunchangeddespitetheirbelief.D.Thepatient’sconditionimproveswiththebeliefinthetreatment.9.Accordingtoparagraph5,whathappenedtothosewhoweretoldtheywereatlowgeneticriskforobesity?A.Theyshowedlowerlungcapacity.B.Theyquittheirphysicaltestsooner.C.Theyneededmorefoodtosatisfytheirappetite.D.Theyfeltfullerwithmorefullnesshormonereleased.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardshavinggeneticinformation?A.Positive. B.Objective.C.Ambiguous. D.Negative.11.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Thegreatpoweroftheobserver’smind.B.Theinfluenceofknowinggeneticinformation.C.Theamazingapplicationofgeneticinformation.D.TheconnectionbetweenQuantumMechanicsandMedicine.〖答案〗8.D9.D10.B11.B【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了解遺傳信息對我們很重要?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whiletheexplanationsbehindtheobserver’sinfluenceinquantummechanicscomedowntothemeasuringinstrumentandnottheobserver’sconsciousmind,wealsoseestrongevidenceforthe“placeboeffect”inmedicine:apatient’sconditioncanimproveiftheyjustbelievetheyarereceivinganeffectivetreatment.Andthosebeneficialeffectscanhappenevenifthepatientisnotactuallyreceivingthattreatmentorifthetreatmentdoesn’tactuallywork.(雖然量子力學對觀察者影響背后的解釋歸結為測量儀器，而不是觀察者的意識，但我們也看到了醫(yī)學上“安慰劑效應”的有力證據(jù)：如果病人相信他們正在接受有效的治療，他們的病情就會好轉。即使病人沒有接受治療或者治療無效，這些有益的效果也會發(fā)生。)”可知，醫(yī)學上的“安慰劑效應”指的是病人如果相信他們正在接受有效的治療，他們的病情就會好轉，故病人的病情隨著治療的信念而改善，故選D。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Thosewhoweretoldtheywereatlowgeneticriskforobesityproduced2.5timesmoreofthefullnesshormoneandclaimedtofeelfullerdespiteeatingthesamemealastheyhadoneweekprior.(那些被告知肥胖遺傳風險較低的人產(chǎn)生的飽腹激素是一周前的2.5倍，盡管他們吃了同樣的飯，但他們感覺更飽。)”可知，那些被告知肥胖遺傳風險較低的人，盡管他們吃了同樣的飯，但是他們感到更飽，釋放更多的飽腹激素,故選D。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Ifourmindstrulydohavepoweroveroursurroundingsandourbodies,whatdoeshavingthegeneticinformationdotous?Doessimplyknowingmoreaboutourownphysiology(生理機能)changeit?Arecentstudyonexerciseandobesitysuggeststhattheanswerisyes.(如果我們的思想真的能控制我們的環(huán)境和我們的身體，那么遺傳信息對我們有什么影響呢？僅僅了解我們自己的生理機能就能改變它嗎？最近一項關于運動和肥胖的研究表明，〖答案〗是肯定的。)”以及最后一段“Thus,havinginformationaboutourgeneticriskcanleadtoimprovementsinourphysiology(aswastruefortheeatersofthestudy),butitcanalsoputusatadisadvantage(aswiththepoorexerciseperformers).(因此，了解我們的遺傳風險可以改善我們的生理機能(就像研究中的飲食者一樣)，但它也會讓我們處于不利地位(就像那些鍛煉不佳的人一樣)。)”可推知，作者對了解遺傳信息持積極肯定客觀的態(tài)度，故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Geneticinformationisimportantbecauseitstores,processesandtransmitsbiologicaldatafromgenerationtogeneration.Somescientistsevenassumethatknowinggeneticinformationitselfmatters.(遺傳信息很重要，因為它儲存、處理和傳遞生物數(shù)據(jù)，代代相傳。一些科學家甚至認為了解遺傳信息本身很重要。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要通過舉例和相關研究講述了了解遺傳信息對我們的重要性，故選B。DOnFriday,SiliconValleyBank(SVB)collapsedandwastakenoverbyfederalregulators,markingoneofthelargestbankfailuressincethe2008GlobalFinancialCrisis.California’sbankingregulatorsshutdownSVBandeffectivelygivescontrolofthebanktotheFDIC,whichcreatedanewentity(實體)tooverseeit.Witha40-yearhistory,SVBservedmanycompanies,anditplayedanimportantroleinthetechnologyindustry,successfullycompetingwithbigger-namebanks.SVB’sbusinessboomedastechcompaniesdidwellduringtheCovid-19.However,thetechnologyindustryrecentlyfaceddifficulties,andmanyclientswithdrewmoney.Tofulfillthesewithdrawals,SVBsoldpartofitsbondholdings(持有債券)ata$1.8billionloss.TheFederalReserve’s(美聯(lián)儲)sharpriseininterestratealsoaffectedbondsandstocks.ThenSVBdecideditwantedtoreduceitsbondportfolio(債券投資組合)toavoidfurtherlosses.Butthatannouncementspookedthebank’sclients,whogotworriedandthenproceededtowithdrawevenmoremoneyfromthebank—atextbookdefinitionofabankrun.Thebank’sstockprice(股價)fellby60%onThursday,andasitssharepricecontinuedtosinkovernight.Tradingwashalted,andtheFDICtookoverSVB.Whileconcernsemergedaboutthebankingsector,sharesofmajorbankslikeJ.P.Morgan,WellsFargo,andBankofAmericadroppedbyaround5%.Investorsworriedthatotherbanks,particularlysmallerones,mightexperiencesimilarwithdrawals.However,byFriday,fearsregardingthebroaderbankingsectorhadeased.ExpertsarguedthatSVB’ssituationwasunusualandshouldnotimpactotherregionalbanks.TheFDIC-createdentity,DepositInsuranceNationalBankofSantaClara,willoverseeSVB.Insureddeposits(存款),typicallyupto$250,000,willbeaccessiblebyMonday.Uninsureddepositsfaceuncertainty,withtheFDICofferingan“advancedividend(提前股息)”and“certificates”accountingfortheuninsuredfunds.Theregulatorhasnotclarifiedwhatthismeansforuninsureddepositors.Investorswillcontinuemonitoringanypotentialimpactonotherbanks.12.WhatdowelearnaboutSiliconValleyBank?A.Itistheworld’sfirstbankthathasfailed.B.IthasalreadybeentakenoverbytheFDIC.C.Itfailedbecauseoftheseveresituationduringthepandemic.D.Itcollapsedasaresultofcompetitionwiththefamousbanks.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spooked”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Calmed. B.Inspired.C.Panicked. D.Persuaded.14.WhatisthedirectcauseofSVB’sfailure?A.Lossofthebondportfolio.B.Thedeclineofthetechindustry.C.ThereductionoftheFederalReserve’sinterestrate.D.Withdrawalsfromalargenumberofcustomers.15.Whatcanbelearnedinthepassage?A.Allsmallbankswillbeimpactedsoonerorlater.B.Thebankingindustryisfacingthebiggestchallenge.C.Thosewhohaveuninsureddepositswillloseeverything.D.SVB’sdepositusersarelikelytobeaffectedbyitscollapse.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.B15.B【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了硅谷銀行（SVB）破產(chǎn)的原因以及所造成影響?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“California’sbankingregulatorsshutdownSVBandeffectivelygivescontrolofthebanktotheFDIC,whichcreatedanewentity(實體)tooverseeit.(加州銀行監(jiān)管機構關閉了SVB，并將該行的控制權實際上交給了FDIC，F(xiàn)DIC創(chuàng)建了一個新的實體來監(jiān)管該行。)”可知，硅谷銀行已經(jīng)由FDIC接管了，故選B?！?3題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中劃線詞spooked的后文“whogotworriedandthenproceededtowithdrawevenmoremoneyfromthebank—atextbookdefinitionofabankrun.(他們開始擔心，然后開始從銀行提取更多的錢——這是教科書上對銀行擠兌的定義。)”可知，客戶擔心，于是從銀行提取更多的錢，因為此處劃線詞spooked與C項“使……恐慌”意思相近，這一聲明讓客戶恐慌起來，因此開始擔心，然后從銀行提取了更多的錢，故選C?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“SVB’sbusinessboomedastechcompaniesdidwellduringtheCovid-19.However,thetechnologyindustryrecentlyfaceddifficulties,andmanyclientswithdrewmoney.(隨著科技公司在新冠疫情期間表現(xiàn)良好，SVB的業(yè)務蓬勃發(fā)展。然而，科技行業(yè)最近遇到了困難，許多客戶撤回了資金。)”可知，硅谷銀行失敗的直接原因是科技產(chǎn)業(yè)的衰落，故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“OnFriday,SiliconValleyBank(SVB)collapsedandwastakenoverbyfederalregulators,markingoneofthelargestbankfailuressincethe2008GlobalFinancialCrisis.(周五，硅谷銀行倒閉，被聯(lián)邦監(jiān)管機構接管，這是自2008年全球金融危機依賴最大的銀行倒閉之一。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了硅谷銀行（SVB）破產(chǎn)的原因以及所造成影響，所以B選項“銀行業(yè)正面臨著最大的挑戰(zhàn)”符合文意，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。It’sthemiddleofwinter,whendaylightislimitedandtheweatherisoftenmiserable.____16____Sowhatcanbedonetoliftourspirits?Theshorterdaysandlongernightscanmakeusfeeldown,andthatcancauseustoeatmoreandexerciseless.Somefearlonelinessandisolationduringthelongdarkmonths.Thosepeoplewhosufferthisseasonalmoodswingmoreseriouslyaredescribedashavingseasonalaffectivedisorder—orSADforshort.____17____JennyScott-ThompsonisonepersonwhowasdiagnosedwithSAD.____18____Aswellasgoingoutsideduringdaylighthours,thisisbelievedtohelpanyonewhoisaffectedbythewintergloom.Althoughhavingmorelightisanobviouscure,antidepressants(抗抑郁藥)canhelpthosewithmoreseveredepressionbyartificiallyincreasingtheamountofserotonin(血清素)inthebrain.Butthisisn’tsuitableforeveryone.____19____ClinicalpsychologistLauraKeyessays,“itcanbehelpfultothinkabouthowtoadaptyoureatingandexercisepatternstothechangeofseason.”____20____WritingfortheBBCSocialwebsite,EstherDeLaFordasks“Whatifweexploredwhatwinterhastoofferus,insteadofgrievingthosethingsthatitistakingaway?”Shesuggestsweusethistimeforrest,reflection,slowingdown,stillnessandrenewal.Maybethismightstopuslongingforsummer.A.Manyofuscantrytojustchangeourmindset.B.Forsomeofus,thisiswhenthewinterbluessetin.C.Asadvised,shetookanactivepartinsocialactivities.D.Acceptingwinterandthinkingpositivelymayenergizeus.E.Asforthetreatment,psychologistsrecommendmoresocialinteraction.F.It’satypeofdepressionwithaseasonalpatterncausedbyalackoflight.G.Shewasadvisedtotakelighttherapy,whichinvolvedsittinginfrontofalightbox.〖答案〗16.B17.F18.G19.A20.D【導語】這是一篇說明文，本文討論如何在寒冬時節(jié)調整心態(tài)?！?6題詳析】上文“It’sthemiddleofwinter,whendaylightislimitedandtheweatherisoftenmiserable.(現(xiàn)在時隆冬時節(jié)，白天很有限，天氣也很糟糕)”提到冬天天氣糟糕，結合下文“Sowhatcanbedonetoliftourspirits?(那么，我們能做些什么來振奮我們的精神呢？)”可知，空處應是提及冬天和情緒的關系，說明冬天時人們情緒不高，因此引出下文如何振奮精神，B項“對我們中的一些人來說，這是冬季憂郁降臨的時候”銜接上下文，故選B?！?7題詳析】上文“Thosepeoplewhosufferthisseasonalmoodswingmoreseriouslyaredescribedashavingseasonalaffectivedisorder—orSADforshort.(那些季節(jié)性情緒波動更嚴重的人被稱為季節(jié)性情緒紊亂癥——或簡稱SAD)”提到季節(jié)性情緒紊亂癥，分析選項，F(xiàn)項“這是一種由缺乏光線引起的季節(jié)性抑郁癥”對季節(jié)性情緒紊亂癥進一步說明，故選F?！?8題詳析】上文“JennyScott-ThompsonisonepersonwhowasdiagnosedwithSAD.(JennyScott-Thompson被診斷出患有SAD)”提到JennyScott-Thompson被診斷出患有SAD，結合下文“Aswellasgoingoutsideduringdaylighthours,thisisbelievedtohelpanyonewhoisaffectedbythewintergloom.(這和在白天外出一樣，被認為可以幫助任何受冬季陰霾影響的人)”可知，空處應是提到對于JennyScott-Thompson的治療方法，指明下文中“this”的指代內(nèi)容，G項“醫(yī)生建議她接受光療，也就是坐在一個燈箱前”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳析】上文“Butthisisn’tsuitableforeveryone.(這并不適合所有人)”提到抗抑郁藥不適合所有人，結合下文“ClinicalpsychologistLauraKeyessays,‘itcanbehelpfultothinkabouthowtoadaptyoureatingandexercisepatternstothechangeofseason.’(臨床心理學家LauraKeyes說：‘想想如何使你的飲食和鍛煉模式適應季節(jié)的變化，這是有幫助的?！?”可知，空處應是提到另一種緩解抑郁的方法，A項“我們中的許多人可以嘗試改變自己的心態(tài)”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“WritingfortheBBCSocialwebsite,EstherDeLaFordasks‘Whatifweexploredwhatwinterhastoofferus,insteadofgrievingthosethingsthatitistakingaway?’(EstherDeLaFord在BBC社交網(wǎng)站上寫道：‘如果我們探索冬季給我們帶來的東西，而不是為它奪走的東西悲傷，會怎么樣？’)”可知，本段是建議用積極的心態(tài)對待冬天，D項“接受冬天并積極思考可能會讓我們充滿活力”符合語境，故選D。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Most5-year-oldsarejustlearningtheirABCs.YetonelittlegirlfromtheUKhasactuallywrittenabookthatwas____21____inJanuary2022.Bella-JayDarkfromWeymouth,istheworld’s____22____femaletoreleaseabookandwas____23____thetitlebyGuinnessWorldRecord(吉尼斯世界紀錄).Herbook,TheLostCattellsthe____24____ofSnowy,acat,whogotlostaftergoingoutsidealoneatnight.She____25____thebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone.Whilemanyadultwritersfind____26____fortheirbooksfromlifeexperiences,Bella’s____27____visionactuallycamefromoneofher____28____.“Itstartedoffasapicture.MydaddysaidIcouldmakeabookandastorycamefromthepicture,”Bellasaid.Hermom,ChelsieSyme,wassurprisedthatthebook____29____aswellasitdid.“Iamjustreally_____30_____her;IdidnotthinkitwasgoingtogothisfarsoIpridemyselfonherandwanttoseehergettheacknowledgementshe_____31_____.”Buthowdoyougetachild’shomemadebookpublished?AccordingtoSyme,theytookBella’sbooktoabookfairandfoundapublisherwillingtotakea_____32_____.SymehelpedBellawithproofingcopies(校對本)andmakingnecessarychangesto_____33_____thestandardsofGuinness.Besidesbeinganaccomplishedauthor,Bellaisjusta(n)_____34_____kidwhoenjoysreading,swimming,andplayingonhertablet.Inherfreetime,sheis_____35_____workingonasequel(續(xù)篇)toSnowy’sstory.Whoknowswhatpearlsofwisdomwillcomenext?21.A.published B.translated C.adapted D.illustrated22.A.smartest B.youngest C.smallest D.prettiest23.A.awarded B.provided C.rewarded D.presented24.A.tale B.lie C.truth D.legend25.A.predicts B.promises C.guarantees D.hopes26.A.clue B.hint C.inspiration D.interest27.A.normal B.conventional C.strange D.creative28.A.books B.ideas C.drawings D.stories29.A.turnedout B.turnedaway C.tookdown D.tookin30.A.guiltyof B.proudof C.worriedabout D.upsetabout31.A.favors B.pursues C.deserves D.wants32.A.break B.chance C.part D.look33.A.take B.adjust C.adopt D.meet34.A.regular B.exceptional C.outstanding D.diligent35.A.previously B.frequently C.currently D.occasionally〖答案〗21.A22.B23.A24.A25.D26.C27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【導語】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了英國的一個5歲孩子發(fā)表了一本書的事情?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一個來自英國的小女孩真的寫了一本書，這本書發(fā)表于2022年。A.published發(fā)表，發(fā)布；B.translated翻譯；C.adapted適應；D.illustrated插圖。根據(jù)后文“Bella-JayDarkfromWeymouth,istheworld’s________femaletoreleaseabook”可知，此處指這本書發(fā)表于2022年，故選A?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：來自Weymouth的Bella-JayDark是世界上年齡最小出書的女性，吉尼斯世界記錄授予了她這一頭銜。A.smartest最從聰明的；B.youngest最年輕的，年齡最小的；C.smallest最小的；D.prettiest最漂亮的。根據(jù)前文“Most5-year-oldsarejustlearningtheirABCs.YetonelittlegirlfromtheUKhasactuallywrittenabookthatwas________inJanuary2022.”可知，Bella-JayDark只有5歲，故她是年齡最小的，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.awarded授予；B.provided提供；C.rewarded獎勵，回報；D.presented呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空后“thetitle”可知，此處指被授予這一頭銜，故選A。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的書《迷路的貓》講述了一只叫做Snowy的貓獨自在外面走丟的故事。A.tale故事；B.lie謊言；C.truth真相；D.legend傳奇。根據(jù)空前“Herbook,TheLostCattellsthe”可知，此處指這本書講述的一個故事，故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她希望這本書能教會孩子不要在夜晚獨自出門。A.predicts預示；B.promises承諾；C.guarantees保證；D.hopes希望。根據(jù)空后“thebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone”可知，此處指她希望這本書能教會孩子不要在夜晚獨自出門，故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管很多成年人從生活經(jīng)歷中尋找書籍的靈感，但Bella的創(chuàng)作靈感來自于她的一幅畫。A.clue線索；B.hint暗示，預兆；C.inspiration靈感；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)后文“Bella’s_______visionactuallycamefromoneofher________”可知，此處指成年人從生活經(jīng)歷中尋找靈感，故選C。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.normal正常的；B.conventional傳統(tǒng)的；C.strange奇怪的；D.creative有創(chuàng)造性的。根據(jù)空后的“vision”可知，此處指Bella的創(chuàng)作視覺來自于她自己的一幅畫，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.books書籍；B.ideas想法；C.drawings畫；D.stories故事。根據(jù)后文的““Itstartedoffasapicture.MydaddysaidIcouldmakeabookandastorycamefromthepicture,”Bellasaid.”〖提示〗可知，此處指她的靈感來自一幅畫，故選C。【29題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她的媽媽，ChelsieSyme對這本書的結果如此之好感到驚訝。A.turnedout結果是；B.turnedaway走開，避開；C.tookdown記下，拿下；D.tookin吸收，領會。根據(jù)空后“aswellasitdid”可知，此處指這本書結果是如此得好，故選A。【30題詳析】考查形容詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我真的為她感到驕傲。A.guiltyof對……感到羞愧的；B.proudof對……感到驕傲的；C.worriedabout對……感到著急的；D.upsetabout對……感到生氣。根據(jù)后文“IdidnotthinkitwasgoingtogothisfarsoIpridemyselfonher”的〖提示〗可知，此處指她的媽媽為她感到驕傲，故選B?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒想到她會取得這樣的結果，因此我為她感到驕傲，并且想看到她得到她應得的認可。A.favors較喜歡；B.pursues追尋；C.deserves應得；D.wants想要。根據(jù)空前“seehergettheacknowledgementshe”可知，此處指希望她得到她應得的認可，故選C。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)Syme而言，他們將Bella的書拿到一個書商處，找到了一個愿意碰一下運氣的出版商。A.break裂縫，休息；B.chance機會，運氣；C.part部分；D.look看。根據(jù)空前“foundapublisherwillingtotakea”可知，此處指他們找到了一個愿意碰一下運氣的出版商，takeachance“碰運氣”，故選B。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Syme幫助Bella校對，并作出一些有必要的改變以滿足吉尼斯的標準。A.take拿，帶；B.adjust調整；C.adopt采用；D.meet滿足。根據(jù)空后“standards”可知，此處指滿足其標準，故選D。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除了是一個有成就的作家，Bella只是一個喜歡閱讀、游泳和玩平板的普通孩子。A.regular普通的，平凡的；B.exceptional例外的；C.outstanding杰出的；D.diligent勤奮的。根據(jù)空前“Bellaisjusta(n)”可知，此處指她只是一個喜歡閱讀、游泳和玩平板的普通孩子，故選A。【35題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在她的空閑時間里，她目前在致力于寫關于Snowy的故事續(xù)篇。A.previously先前地，之前地；B.frequently頻繁地；C.currently目前，現(xiàn)在；D.occasionally偶爾，不時地。根據(jù)空前“Inherfreetime”可知，此處指目前，在她空閑時間里，她續(xù)寫Snowy的故事，故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。RescueoperationsarecontinuinginfullswingtofindsurvivorsinthedeadlyearthquakethatdamagedpartsofTürkiyeandSyria.InthesouthernTurkishcityofAntakya,apregnantwoman___36___(bury)undertheruinsofacollapsedbuildingwaspulledoutto___37___(safe)byChineseandlocalrescueteamsonThursday,threedaysafterthecatastrophicmagnitude-7.7earthquakeanditsaftershocksstruckthecountryandnorthernSyria.AcrosstheareaofsouthernTürkiye,peoplesoughttemporaryshelterandfoodin___38___(freeze)winterweatherandwaitedingrief.ThenumberofdeathsinTurkiye___39___(rise)to14,351sofar.TheChineserescueteam,___40___(consist)of82membersincludingspecialistsinsearchandrescueaswellasmedicaltreatment,rushedtooneoftheworst-hitregionsinTurkiye.___41___momenttheyarrivedatthescene,theyimmediatelyjoinedtheirTurkishpartnerstocarry___42___arescueplanandsavedthewoman.Also,severalChinesecivilianteamssettojointheinternationalrescueeffort___43___(assist)intherescue.OnavisittothedisasterzoneonWednesday,TurkishPresidentRecepTayyipErdogansaidoperationswereproceeding___44___(normal)nowandpromisednoonewouldbeleft____45____(home).“Wewillbebettertomorrowandlater.Westill