基本句型講義-高一英語復(fù)習(xí)知識要點積累

句子五種基本句型主+謂Allofuslaughed.主+謂+賓Julielikesus.主+謂+間賓+直賓Julieboughtussugar.主+謂+賓+賓補WhatJuliedidmadeushappy.主+系+表Julielooksfriendly.Therebe存現(xiàn)句：Therearemanybooksonthedesk.小試牛刀：讀下列句子并分析句子成分Thebreadtastesdelicious.Iwillspendthesummerholidayinthecountryside.Heboughtmeabirthdaypresent.Icouldn’tmakehimchangehismind.Wefinishedourhomework.Hegotupverylate.Thebabycried.Thereissomemilkinthebottle.單句寫作：我喜歡爬山.我聽到他正在唱歌。那個女孩開心地笑了。你的建議聽起來很棒。昨天我買了一本書太陽從東方升起。商店里有很多顧客。（therebe句型）句子成分句子成分：主，謂，賓，定，狀，補，表，同位語主語：什么人；什么事Theteacher/Sheiskindandfriendly.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Threeisenough.Whatheneedsisjustabook.謂語：做什么；怎么樣注意：謂語有人稱時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化（如何確定時態(tài)？）高考中?？紩r態(tài)時態(tài)主動形式被動形式一般過去時was/were/didwas/weredone一般現(xiàn)在時一般將來時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去完成時其他謂語形式：情態(tài)動詞Will/can/could.....+do/bedone找出下列句子的謂語部分用鉛筆在其下劃線并思考謂語時態(tài)語態(tài)如何確定？Sheusuallygetsupearly.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.TheTrainarrivesat10:30,sowehaveplentyoftimetohaveadrink.Ifwehavesomeextratime,wewillgohiking.ImetJulialastyear.Igotupearly,washedmyface,hadaquickbreakfastandwenttoschool.Itisraininghardoutside.Iwaswritingaletterwhenyouphoned.Joywasalwaysplainingaboutherbusylife.Wewillknowtheresultthedayaftertomorrow.Ihavealreadyfinishedallthework.Wehavebeengoodfriendssincewewereveryyoung.Ihavelivedinthiscityfor17years.WehavebeenlearningEnglishfor7years.Thisisthefirsttimethathehaslefthishometown.16.Thiswasthefirsttimethathehadlefthishometown.17.JanehadleftbeforeIarrived.三.賓語：動作行為的對象，說明主語做什么1.Iwritedownnewwordsinmynotebookandreviewthemoften.2.Hecan’texpresshimselfinexcitement.3.Ifinishedcleaningtheroom3hoursago.4.Hedecidedtocleantheroom.5.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.6.Hegavemetwobooks.四．定語:修飾名詞或代詞1.Thebeautifulgirlismyfriend.2.Thebookshopisinthecenterofourcity.3.Thebookshopinthecenterofourcityisverybig.4.Thosewomenteachersareverykindandfriendly.5.TheboystandinginthefrontofourclassroomisJohn.6.TheboywhoisstandinginthefrontofourclassroomisJohn.7.TheboypraisedbyourteacherisJohn.8.TheboywhoispraisedbyourteacherisJohn.9.Themeetingheldyesterdayisveryimportant.10.Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant.11.Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisveryimportant.五．狀語：A.adv作狀語:修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞或全句，B.介詞短語，從句或非謂語（doing/done/todo）做狀語：說明時間，地點，方式，原因，結(jié)果，條件，讓步，程度，頻率，伴隨，目的等1.Sheisverykind.2.Sherunsquickly.3.Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas9394.Wewerenarrowlybeaten.4.Sheisalwayshelpingothers.5.Fortunately,theysurvivedtheflooddisaster.6.Hewalked,singingoncampuslastnight.7.1).Whenyouseefromthetopofthemountain,youwillfindthecityisverybeautiful.2).Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,youwillfindthecityisverybeautiful.**對比：Seefromthetopofthemountain,andyouwillfindthecityisverybeautiful.8.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecityisverybeautiful.9.Tokeepupwithothers,hestudiesveryhard.10.Hegetsupearlytocatchthefirstbus.10.TheflooddisasterhappenedinZhengzhou,causinggreatdamagetoHenanProvince.11.Hehurriedtotheairport,tofindtheplanehadtakenoff.12.Hehurriedtotheairport,tobetoldthesingerhadleft.13.Whilewalkingacrossthestreet,youcanneverbecarefulenough.14.Unlessinvited,Iwon’tgototheparty.六．補語：用來補充說明賓語的情況叫賓補1.Whatthelittlegirlsaidmadeushappy.2.Whatthelittlegirlsaidmadeuslaugh.3.Youshouldencourageyourfriendtotrynewhobbies.4.Hehadhishaircutyesterday.5.Iamsorrytokeepyouwaitingforsolong.6.Withtheboyleadingtheway,wefoundthevillageeasily.7.Withtheboytoleadtheway,wewillfindthevillageeasily.8.Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ican’tgoouttoplay.9.Withhomeworkdone,Icangoouttoplaynow.七．表語：說明主語“是什么”“怎么樣”；位于系動詞之后狀態(tài)系動詞be:表示主語狀態(tài),身份等持續(xù)性系動詞:keep,remain,stay:表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況感官系動詞:feel,look,taste,smell,sound+adj.變化系動詞:bee,grow,turn,get,go+adj.1.Hermotherisateacher.2.Thefoodtastesdelicious.英語中幾大重要詞性及其考點動詞/名詞/形容詞/副詞/連詞/冠詞/介詞/代詞動詞考謂語動詞（在謂語部分中已講）考非謂語動詞的適當(dāng)形式考察（在賓語，定語，狀語，補語中已講）考察動詞的固定搭配：比如decidetodosth;enjoydoingsth;decideonsth;leadto***故：記準(zhǔn)動詞詞組固定搭配名詞(專題學(xué)案）考察可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞形容詞副詞（專題學(xué)案已講）考察形容詞和副詞的基本用法考察形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級連詞1.Driveslowlyandcarefully.2.Hefellandcuthisknee.3.Givemeachance,andIwillgiveyouabigsurprise.4.Whichdoyouprefer,white,greyorbrown?5.Hurryup,oryouwillbelateforschool.6.Heisnotrich,buthelivesahappylife.7.Althoughheisnotrich,helivesahappylife.8.Hestudiedveryhard，sohemadeprogress.9.Becausehestudiedveryhard,hemadeprogress.10.Whenshewas4yearsold,shebegantolearnEnglish.11.IfIaminvited,Iwillgototheparty.12.ThisistheschoolthatIvisitedlastyear.13.Whatamazedmemostwasthathegotthefirstprizeinthepetition冠詞：a/an泛指；the特指/類別1).____usefulbook2).___umbrella3)._____honestboy4).____highbuilding5)._____bookunderthedeskismine.6)._____richarenotalwayshappy.7).Theytake_____samesubjectsasyoudo.2.改錯中考察冠詞的基本用法1）.aanthe之間的互改a18yearoldboyahouranuniversity.多冠詞HegavemeagoodadviceabouthowtoimprovemyEnglish...少冠詞Wehaddeliciousbreakfastyesterday.介詞（專題學(xué)案已講）多考固定搭配代詞1.人稱代詞各種變體及其用法主格賓格形容詞物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞Imemyminemyselfweyou