2023-2024學(xué)年重慶市梁平區(qū)高三（上）第一次調(diào)研英語試卷

2023-2024學(xué)年重慶市梁平區(qū)高三（上）第一次調(diào)研英語試卷第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）1．（1.5分）Whatwillthemanprobablygivethewomannext？A.Anewfork.B.Extrasteaksauce.C.Adifferentknife.2．（1.5分）Whatisthemangoingtodonextweek？A.Repairhislaptop.B.Attendabusinessmeeting.C.Goshoppinginthecitycenter.3．（1.5分）Whenwillthespeakersmeet？A.At11：00a.m.B.At9：00a.m.C.At1：00p.m.4．（1.5分）Whatcanthespeakersdefinitelyagreeon？A.Whattheywanttocat.B.Whentheyneedtogotosleep.C.Whichmovietheywillwatch.5．（1.5分）Whatisthemanprobablyplaying？A.Football.B.Golf.C.Tennis.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）6．（3分）（1）HowwillthewomangivetheluckymoneytoWilliam？A.ByWeChatPay.B.Bybanktransfer.C.Incash.（2）WhatwillWilliamprobablydoduringtheholiday？A.Attendclasses.B.Joinhisfamilyfordinner.C.Traveltohisgrandparents'house.7．（3分）（1）What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Co﹣workers.（2）Whichtypeofbookdoesthewomanprobablymostprefer？A.ClassicAmericannovels.B.Fantasy.C.Sportbooks.8．（4.5分）（1）Whendidthespeakerslastseeeachother？A.Duringmiddleschool.B.Duringhighschool.C.Duringcollege.（2）Whodidthemanseeatthegrocerystore？A.Acurrentprincipal.B.Aformerteacher.C.Anoldclassmate.（3）Howdidthewomanfeelabouttheiroldgymclass？A.Frightened.B.Interested.C.Amazed.9．（6分）（1）Wherearethespeakers？A.Inthewoods.B.Attheirhome.C.Intheclassroom.（2）Whatisthewomanlookingfor？A.Rubbish.B.Mushrooms.C.Bamboograss.（3）Whatdoesthewomanwanttodowithwhatshefinds？A.Takepictures.B.Cookameal.C.Doadrawing.（4）Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation？A.Severalpictures.B.Aschoolproject.C.Someplants.10．（6分）（1）WhichTVshowisViolamostlyknownfor？A.CentralFalls.B.Everybody'sRuby.C.HowtoGetAwaywithMurder.（2）WhendidViolareceiveherfirstmajoraward？A.In1993.B.In1999.C.In2001.（3）WhichfilmdidViolawinanAcademyAwardfor？A.Fences.B.Doubt.C.TheHelp.（4）WhathaveViolaandherhusbanddonerecently？A.Theyhaveruntheirownfirm.B.Theyhaveactedtogetherinamovie.C.Theyhaveshowedupinaceremony.閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）11．（7.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。WhileattractionsliketheShardandtheLondonEyeofferexcellentperspectives，they'realwaysbusyandticketpricesaresteep.Butwithalittleinsiderknowledge，youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyourskylinephotoswithoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.ParliamentHillLondonismostlyflat，butifyouknowwheretolookthereareafewhillsthatprovidenatural（andfree）highpointsofferingcityviewswithasideorderoffreshair.OneofthemostcentralisParliamentHillonHampsteadHeath﹣at98m，oneofLondon'shighestnaturalviewpoints.Fromhere，onaclearday，youcansitontheparkbenchthatfeaturedinmovieslikeRunFatboyRunandNotesonaScandal.Entryfee：freeTheGardenMuseumTowerIfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation，battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright，pasttheviewofBigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideoftheThames，you'llcometoamedieval（中世紀(jì)的）church.WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign，it'sthe14th﹣Centurytowerthat'sthemainattractionforphotographers.Climbthe131stepsofthenarrowspiralstaircaseandyou'llemergeontooneofthefinestriversideviewpointsinthecity﹣withviewsacrosstothePalaceofWestminsterontheright.Entryfee：Adultf16，orToweronly4TheIFSCloudCableCarIfyouwanttosoaroverLondoninaglasspod，theobviousplacetogoistheLondonEye.Butacheaperandcrowd﹣freealternativeistoridetheIFSCloudCableCar.Theviewsareimpressiveatanytime，buttheCableCarstaysopenlate，soyoucanevenenjoymagnificentsunsetsfromthewest﹣facingsideoradmirethetwinklingcitylightsafterdark.Entryfee：E6one﹣waySeabird，SouthwarkLondonhasnoshortageofrooftopvenues（場所）offeringknockoutcityscapeviews，soitcanbehardtopickjustoneortwo.Butforlocation，anglesandagreatexperience，itdoesn'tgetmuchbetterthanSeabird，onthe14thflooroftheHoxtonhotelinSouthwarkwithnothingtoblockviewsonthreesides.Entryfee：Buyadrink：draughtbeercosts￡6.50orsmallglassofwineis￡9；aportionofolivescosts￡5.（1）Wherecanyougoifyouwanttophotographthe14th﹣Centurytower？A.TheLondonEye.B.ThesouthsideoftheThames.C.Therooftopvenues.D.AplacenearStPaul'sCathedral.（2）Inwhichviewpointcanyoujustbuyadrinkandenjoyfreecityviews？A.ParliamentHill.B.TheGardenMuseumTower.C.TheIFSCloudCableCar.D.Seabird，Southwark.（3）Whatdothe4viewpointshaveincommon？A.Theyarefree.B.Theyarewell﹣known.C.Theyarenotcrowded.D.Theyarenotcheap.12．（10分）Sometimes，thekidsinStephanieWilliams'skindergartenclassneedalittleextramotivation.Whilesomestudentsprefermaterialrewardsforgoodbehavior，allKameronEisenbergwantedwastobethefirstoneonthebus.Thatway，he'dbeabletospendalittleextratimewiththeschoolbusdriverCharlesFrierson.Inthefewminutestheysharedtogethereachafternoon，Mr.CharleswouldchatwithKameron，encouragehim，andgenerallybrightenhisday"Ialwaysaskthekids，'Whatdoyouwanttoworkfortoday？'AndKameronsaid，'Iwanttoworktoseethebus，'"Stephaniesaid."JustbeingthefirstoneonthebusandtalkingtoMr.Charlesdoesnotseemlikealot，buttohimit'stheworld."Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear，Kameronwashavingsomedifficultiesinclass.Hisbehaviorgothimsenttotheadministrator'sofficealmosteveryday.However，gettingtohangoutwithMr.Charlesturnedouttobeastrongmotivatorforthekindergartnertofollowdirections.Aftercheckinginwithhisteacher，thebusdriverwouldsometimeseventalktohimaboutanyproblemshewashavinginschool.StephaniesawahugechangeinKameron'sattitudeoncetheboystartedtalkingtoMr.Charleseveryday.SodidKameron'smom.Eventually，shedecidedtowritealettertothedriver.AsCharlesreadthenoteoncamera，hestartedtotearup"Ihavealwaysbelievedangelscomewhenyouleastexpectthem."Shewrote，"ThisholdsespeciallytrueinregardstoMr.Charles.Iwouldlikehimtoknowhowmuchweabsolutelylovehimforwhoheisandwhathehasdoneformyson."AccordingtoSchoolTransportationsNews.CharlesandKameronoftengeticecreamtogethernowthatschoolisoutforthesummer.Thebusdriveralsocheershimonathisweekendbaseballgames.（1）Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？A.KameronwastiredofStephanie'slessons.B.Kameronlikedtocompeteforthefirstplace.C.KameronmadefriendswithMr.Charles.D.Allkidsinthekindergartenpreferredmaterialrewards.（2）WhathappenedtoKameronatthebeginningoftheschoolyear？A.Hebehavedbadlyinschool.B.Hewastobedismissedfromschool.C.Hehadapoorsenseofdirection.D.Hewasaffectedmorebytheadministrator.（3）WhydidKameron'smomwritetoMr.Charles？A.Toshowhergratitudetohim.B.TochangeKameron'sattitude.C.Toexpressamother'senthusiasm.D.Togettheschoolbusdrivermoved.（4）WhichwordscanbestdescribeMr.Charles？A.Patientandcautious.B.Caringandpositive.C.Honestanddetermined.D.Ambitiousandsensitive.13．（10分）Gettingridofoldtyreshaslongbeenaproblem.MostarethrownintolandfillsorpiledupinstorageEnergyrecoveryisanothercommonmethod.Thisinvolvesburningtyrestogenerateelectricityorheatforindustries，butthatproducesplanetwarmingpollution；orweusethemtorepairroads，butchemicalsfromthemmightpollutetheground.Somefirms，therefore，havebegunexploringanalternative.OnesuchfirmisWastefront，whichownsabigtyre﹣recyclingplantinnorth﹣eastEngland.Inacoupleofyears，itwillbeabletoturn8millionoldtyresintonewproducts，includingablackliquidcalledTDO（輪胎衍生油）.Theprocessworksbydeconstructingatyreintosteel，rubber，andcarbonblack（炭黑）.Aftertearingdownthesteel，theremainingmaterialisexposedtohightemperaturesintheabsenceofairtomaketherubberchangeintoamixofhydrocarbongases，andthenthey'reremoved.Whatisleftbehindispurecarbonblack.Oncetheremovedgasescooldown，apartofthemliquefiesintoTDO.Theremaininggasesaretobeburnedtofueltheprocess.Thiscreatesaclosed﹣cyclesystemthatpreventsemissions（排放）.Thecarbonblackcanbereusedtomakenewtyres.Thatisofinteresttotyre﹣makersbecauseithelpseffortstobecomecarbonneutral﹣achievingabalancebetweentheamountsofcarbondioxideproducedandthecarbondioxideremovedfromtheatmosphere.Producingnewcarbonblackrequiresburningheavyoilorcoal，whichletsoffplentyofgreenhousegases.TherecoveredTDOiswell﹣suitedformakingdiesel（柴油）.Whilenotcompletelycarbon﹣neutral，itdoesproducean80﹣90%reductioninemissionsofcarbondioxide，comparedwiththeconventionalfuel.Thefuturemarketforsuchcleanerfuelswillremainlarge，eventhoughelectricvehiclesareontherise.Fossil﹣fuelledvehicleswillexistfordecades，particularlythebigburnersofdiesel﹣trucks，whicharehardertoelectrify.Thefuelisalsoneededbytrainsandships.So，anythingthathelpscleanupoverallemissionsisuseful—especiallyifitalsoeasesamountainouswasteproblem.（1）What'sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph？A.Toanalyzecauses.B.Topresentproblems.C.Toreachsolutions.D.Tomakecomparisons.（2）Whatcanbeinferredaboutthetyre﹣recyclingprocess？A.Airbooststheburningoftheoldtyres.B.Theremaininggasesareemittedintotheair.C.Purecarbonblackisanunprocessedsubstance.D.TDOcomesfromtheremovedhydrocarbongases.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphreferto？A.DieselmadefromTDO.B.Cleanelectricenergy.C.Carbon﹣neutralprocess.D.RecoveredTDOfromoldtyres.（4）Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.TheProblemsofBurningOldTyres.B.TheBlackLiquidCalledTDO.C.TheSystemPreventingEmissions.D.TheAlternativetoTyre﹣recycling.14．（10分）Sincewearevulnerable（脆弱的）whenwesleep，sleepmustplayacriticalrole，orevolutionwouldn'thaveselectedforit.Earlyhumanshadtohunt，gatherfoodandprotectthemselves.Thoseactivitiesconsumedmuchtime，sounlesssleepservedveryimportantpurposes，thosewhosleptlesswouldhaveanadvantage.Yetsleepingforlonghoursofthenightwaskeptforyears，butscientistshadonlygeneralideasaboutwhathappenedduringsleep.Recently，Dr.ChiaraChiarelli，aneuroscientist，sharedwhatsleepneuroscienceresearchhasdiscovered.Neural（神經(jīng)的）networksinthebrainareconnectedthroughsynapses（神經(jīng)突觸）whichallowsignalstoflowthroughoutthebrainandontocells.Duringwakinghours，newlearningcanstrengthentheconnections.Youcanthinkofknowledgeacquiredoveralongtimeasagroupofwell﹣connectedneuralpaths.Whenyoulearnsomethingnew，newpathsareconnectedtotheold.Duringthewakinghours，yourbrainprocessesmassiveamountsofnewinsignificantinformation，sayrememberingwhereyouparkedyourcar.Butthatmemoryhastobepreservedatleastuntilyoureachthecar.Itestablishesanewconnectiontoyourmemoryofwhatyourcarlookslike，awell﹣established"old"memory.Thebraincreatessomanyconnectionsdailythatparticularcircuitscanbeheavilyburdened.Dr.Cirelliexplainedthatduringsleep，agreatmanysynapticconnectionsareweakenedsothatconnectionsaremoreavailablefornewlearningthenextday.Continuingwiththeparkedcarexample，theexactlocationoftheparkedcarisnotneededagain，sotheconnectionsareweakened.Infact，ifitwerenot，youmightmemorizehundredsofplaceswhereyouhaveparked，leadingtoconsiderableconfusion!Youdon'thavetobeascientisttounderstandthatnotsleepingwellaffectsnextdayfunctioning—thisiscommonculturalwisdom.Dr.Cirelli'sresearchisanexampleofscienceshowingthe"why"and"how"mechanismsthatunderliethatwisdom.（1）Whatdoestheexampleofearlyhumansshow？A.Sleepwasn'tasimportantasitistoday.B.Ourancestorshadahardtimesurviving.C.Sleepissignificantinthehistoryofhumans.D.Whoeversleepslessenjoysmoreadvantages.（2）Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinparagraph2？A.Ourmemorycanbekeptoveralongperiodoftime.B.Ourbraincanbeoverloadedwithsynapticconnections.C.Ourbrain'sneuralnetworkisconnectedthroughsynapses.D.Ournewlearningisbasedonwell﹣establishedoldmemories.（3）WhathasDr.Cirelli'sresearchdiscovered？A.Sleeprelievessynapticburden.B.Sleepcarriesculturalwisdom.C.Sleepbroadensneuralpaths.D.Sleepstimulatesbraindevelopment.（4）What'stheauthor'sattitudetoDr.Cirelli'sresearch？A.DoubtfulB.UnclearC.Dismissive（鄙視的）D.Approving15．（12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。DisposeofYourCreditCardWithoutBuryingItDisposingofunwanteditemsinourlivesoftenmeanssimplythrowingthemintothegarbageorrecyclingbin—or，ifthey'restilluseful，givingthemaway.It'sdifferentwitholdcreditcards，whichshouldbedestroyedsonobodycanusethemfraudulently（欺詐地）.（1）Here'showtogetridofanoldcard.First，contacttheissuerIfclosingtheaccountisyourgoal，you'llhavetocallthenumberonthebackofyourcardandasktodoso.Ifyourcardisarewardscard，remembertofirstredeempointsorcashback.Changeanyautomaticpaymentstoadifferentcard，andbesuretopaythefinalcardbill.CutupplasticcardsSharpscissorsandsmarttrimmingwilldothejobhere."WerecommendthatconsumerscutthroughtheEMVchip，thenfurthercutthecardafewtimesalongtheshortside，anddisposeofthesectionsinmorethanonetrashbag，"saysSarahGrano，aspokeswomanfortheAmericanBankersAssociation.（2）Sendbackmetalcards（3）Contactyourissuer.Typically，youcanmailitbackfordisposal."Forexample，whenAmericanExpresssendsareplacementcard，italsosendsanaddressedreturnenvelopetomailbackanoldmetalcardfordestruction，"saysHeatherNorton，spokeswomanforAmericanExpress.CheckbackonyouraccountDon'tobsessaboutidentitytheftofanoldcreditcard.Yougenerallywon'tberesponsibleforfraudulentchargesanyway.（4）It'sagoodideatocheckyouraccountstatementtomakesurethere'sbeennofraud.ClosinganaccountcanhurtyouClosingacreditcardaccountcanloweryourcreditrating.That'sbecausecreditscoresconsideryour"creditutilizationratio'"，orhowmuchofyouravailablecredityou'reusing.Andwhenyoucloseanaccount，youhavelessavailablecredit.（5）Closinganoldcarddecreasestheaverageageofyouraccounts.A.Itcouldbeworthclosingtheaccountanyway.B.Scoresalsoconsiderthelengthoftimeyou'vehadthecardopen.C.Orfeedcardsintoamachinedesignedtohandlethem.D.Takecarewithdebitcardsandotherplasticwherefraudmeansyoumightbemissingmoney.E.Buthowtodestroyapaymentcardproperlyisnotobvious，especiallywithnewmetalcreditcards.F.Destroyingametalcardbyyourselfisharderandpotentiallydangerous.G.Skipthisstepifyou'resimplyreplacinganexpiredcardoronethathasbeencompromised.語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）16．（15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lifeskillsorsocialskillsareseldomprioritized（優(yōu)先考慮）inmostschools.However，a（1）schoolteacherinCanada，JenniferThiessen，thinks（2）andensuresherstudentsarewell﹣equippedforlife.Accordingtoher，（3）theseskillswasasimportantasstudentsknowinghowtomultiplyanddivide.Thiessendiscussedher（4）withafellowteacher，KylaStradling，andtheycameupwithaplan.Theygavetheirstudentsaproject（5）tospreadinggoodwill.Theycalleditthe"KindnessProject".Thiessentoldherthird﹣gradestudentsin2018，"Ifwecouldbethatsparkofkindness，wecould（6）otherstodoactsofkindness."Andthestudentsdid（7）.Theymadecupcakesathomeandsoldthemfor＄1.Theymadeabout＄400andthenusedittobuysmall（8）likeflowersanddogtreats.Theythengaveitoutto（9）neartheschool.Afterthisexperience，Thiessenmadeitanannualactivityforthird﹣gradersattheschool."Thisprojectisn'taboutwhocan（10）wellacademically，"shesaid."Thisisaneverybodyproject.Itdoesn'thaveany（11）whenitcomestoability."TheschoolhascarriedouttheKindnessProjectforthelastfiveyears.Duetotheproject'ssuccess，theschool（12）fiveclasses，threethird﹣gradersandsecondfourth﹣graders.Thisyear，the100studentsweredividedintomanygroupsand（13）differenttasks.OnMarch15，somewereatcoffeeshopshelpingpeoplebuybeverages，whileotherswaitedatalocalparkto（14）dogtreatsandflowers.Besidesbeginningachainofkindness，theteacherwantstoshowstudentswhatthey're（15）of.（1）A.collegeB.juniorC.primaryD.senior（2）A.creativelyB.differentlyC.sharplyD.positively（3）A.applyingB.checkingC.cultivatingD.sharing（4）A.theoriesB.schedulesC.issuesD.concerns（5）A.relatedB.exposedC.addictedD.devoted（6）A.remindB.forceC.inspireD.invite（7）A.practicesB.wondersC.assignmentsD.projects（8）A.toolsB.servicesC.itemsD.gifts（9）A.strangersB.friendsC.teachersD.parents（10）A.estimateB.performC.adoptD.approve（11）A.ambitionsB.challengesC.regretsD.requirements（12）A.involvedB.revealedC.impliedD.stimulated（13）A.reflectedonB.basedonC.builtonD.focusedon（14）A.pickupB.giveoutC.sortoutD.copewith（15）A.proudB.worthyC.capableD.aware17．（15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnAugust24，JapanstartedreleasingwastewaterfromitsFukushimaDaiichiNuclearPowerPlant（福島第一核電站）intothePacificOcean.Thishascausedangerandfearacrosstheworld.InMarch2011，Japanexperiencedthestrongestearthquakeinits（1）（record）history.Theearthquakecausedatsunami（海嘯），（2）greatlydamagedtheFukushimanuclearplant.Eversincethen，theplanthasbeenproducingalargeamountofradioactivewastewater.Sofar，it（3）（collect）morethan1.3milliontonsofit.Thefirstroundofreleasewilllast17days.Thewholeprocesswilltakeabout30years.TheplantwasoperatedbyTEPCO（東京電力公司）.Accordingtothecompany，thewastewaterisdiluted（稀釋）before（4）（it）release.However，there'sstillaproblem.Someofthemostdangeroussubstancesareverylikely（5）（remain）init."They'llpollutetheocean，theanimalswithinit，and（6）（final），theearth，"saidTackoFujimura，anofficialatJapan'sZen﹣Noh（日本農(nóng)業(yè)合作社聯(lián)合會）.Onthesameday，Chinaannounced（7）immediatebanonallseafoodproductsfromJapan.This（8）（decide）wasmadeto"protectthelivesandhealthofthepeople."Inastatement，thecountry'sForeignMinistry（外交部）calledJapan'smove"（9）（self）andirresponsible."ChinawasthebiggestbuyerofJapaneseseafood.Morethan255，000userstookapoll（民意調(diào)查）onWeibo.Upto97%ofthemsaidthattheywouldnolongereatseafoodfromJapan."We'reonthesameplanet，"saidoneofthem."Nobodycanbefreefromharm.It'sjustamatter（10）time."寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）18．（15分）假設(shè)Williams教授寫信邀請你給留學(xué)生做一個關(guān)于中國文化的演講。請你寫信回復(fù)，信件內(nèi)容包括：①接受邀請；②介紹演講主題和要點。注意：（1）詞數(shù)80左右；（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；（3）開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearProfessorWilliams，IamhonoredtogiveapresentationaboutChineseculturetointernationalstudentsatyourinvitation._______Sincerelyyours，LiHua19．（25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Everyonehasahero—someoneheadmires，whohashadanimpactonhislife.Mybrother，John，ismyhero.Heisthemostsympathetic，sweetandfunnypersonIhaveevermet.Johnisalsomentallyhandicapped（智障的）andhasadevelopmentaldisabilityknownasautism（自閉癥）.IusedtobeashamedofJohnwhenIwaslittle.Whenhefirststartedtalking，hehadahardtimewithpronunciationandunderstandingthemeaningofwords.HecalledmeMay﹣MeformostofmychildhoodbecausehecouldnotpronounceAmy.AsJohngrewolder，hislanguageabilitygraduallyincreased.IwentfromMay﹣MetoAmy，andhammerburgersbecamehamburgers.WhenIwasyounger，IwasembarrassedbyJohn.Heusedtorunaroundinstorestalkingtohimself，flickinghisearsandputtinghishandsinhismouth.Hehadahardtimeswallowingandwouldhavedrool（流口水）runningdownhisface.Johnwasveryloud，anditseemedtomethathewouldalwaysfindthequietestmomentstotalk.AllIeverwantedwasanormalbrother.Iwouldlookatotherbrothersandsisters，seetheirrelationshipsandturngreenwithenvy.Whydidmybrotherhavetobesodifferent？Iwasveryself﹣consciousofwhatpeoplethought.IfeltasiftheentireworldwaslaughingatmebecauseofthewayJohnwasacting.IwasutterlyoffendedattimesthatIcouldnothaveanormalbrother.Thesiblingsofanautisticchildcanhavemanyreactionstotheamountofattentiontheautisticchildreceives.Somefeelasiftheyarenotreceivingenoughattentionandmaybecomesuperachieverstogettheirshare.Ihatetoadmitit，butIdefinitelyfallintothiscategory.Ifeeltheneedtoexcel（突出）ineverythingIdo.Icannothelpbutthinkthatthiscomesfromhavingadisabledbrother.Johnhaschangedsignificantlyoverthepasteighteenyears.______AsIgrowolder，I'mnolongerashamedofmybrother；instead，IamashamedthatIusedtobe.______

2023-2024學(xué)年重慶市梁平區(qū)高三（上）第一次調(diào)研英語試卷參考答案與試題解析第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）1．【解答】C2．【解答】B3．【解答】A4．【解答】A5．【解答】C第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）6．【解答】BA7．【解答】CB8．【解答】CBB9．【解答】ABCC10．【解答】CBAA閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）11．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheGardenMuseumTower部分IfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation，battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright，pasttheviewofBigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideoftheThames，you'llcometoamedieval（中世紀(jì)的）church.（如果你從威斯敏斯特車站左邊出口，艱難地穿過橋，然后向右拐，經(jīng)過大本鐘，沿著泰晤士河南岸走，你就會來到一座中世紀(jì)的教堂。）以及WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign，it'sthe14th﹣Centurytowerthat'sthemainattractionforphotographers.（雖然你可能對英國花園設(shè)計感興趣，但對攝影師來說，這座14世紀(jì)的塔樓才是最吸引人的地方。）可知如果你想拍攝這座14世紀(jì)的塔樓，你可以去泰晤士河的南岸。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Seabird，Southwark部分（參賽費用：買飲料：生啤酒6.5英鎊，小杯葡萄酒9英鎊，一份橄欖5英鎊。）可知在Seabird，Southwark買杯飲料就可以免費欣賞城市風(fēng)景。故選D。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Butwithalittleinsiderknowledge，youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyourskylinephotoswithoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.（但只要掌握一些內(nèi)幕知識，你就可以在沒有人群的情況下，通過以下觀點來減肥和打包你的天際線照片。）可知這四種觀點的共同點是它們不擁擠。故選C。12．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段提到Whilesomestudentsprefermaterialrewardsforgoodbehavior，allKameronEisenbergwantedwastobethefirstoneonthebus.Thatway，he'dbeabletospendalittleextratimewiththeschoolbusdriverCharlesFrierson.Inthefewminutestheysharedtogethereachafternoon，Mr.CharleswouldchatwithKameron，encouragehim，andgenerallybrightenhisday.（雖然有些學(xué)生更喜歡對良好行為的物質(zhì)獎勵，但KameronEisenberg只想成為第一個上車的人。這樣，他就能多花點時間和校車司機CharlesFrierson在一起了。在每天下午他們共處的那幾分鐘里，查爾斯會和卡梅倫聊天，鼓勵他，通常會讓他的一天變得愉快。）由此可知，Kameron和Mr.Charles已經(jīng)成為朋友了。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段提到Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear，Kameronwashavingsomedifficultiesinclass.Hisbehaviorgothimsenttotheadministrator'sofficealmosteveryday.（新學(xué)年開始時，Kameron在課堂上遇到了一些困難。他的行為使他幾乎每天都被送到行政辦公室。）由此可知，那段時間，他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)得不好。故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到"Ihavealwaysbelievedangelscomewhenyouleastexpectthem."Shewrote，"ThisholdsespeciallytrueinregardstoMr.Charles.Iwouldlikehimtoknowhowmuchweabsolutelylovehimforwhoheisandwhathehasdoneformyson."（"我一直相信天使會在最不經(jīng)意的時候出現(xiàn)。"她寫道："這對Mr.Charles來說尤其如此。我想讓他知道，我們是多么愛他，因為他是什么樣的人，以及他為我兒子所做的一切。"）由此可知，Kameron的媽媽寫這封信是為了向Mr.Charles表示感謝。故選A。（4）推理判斷題。文章第一段中提到Inthefewminutestheysharedtogethereachafternoon，Mr.CharleswouldchatwithKameron，encouragehim，andgenerallybrightenhisday.（在每天下午他們共處的那幾分鐘里，Mr.Charles和Kameron會一起聊天，鼓勵他，這通常會讓他的一天變得愉快。）文章的第三段提到Aftercheckinginwithhisteacher，thebusdriverwouldsometimeseventalktohimaboutanyproblemshewashavinginschool.（在和老師核對了之后，公交車司機有時甚至?xí)退務(wù)勊趯W(xué)校遇到的任何問題。）由此可知，Mr.Charles非常關(guān)心他人，同時又有著積極的生活態(tài)度。故選B。13．【解答】（1）目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段Gettingridofoldtyreshaslongbeenaproblem.MostarethrownintolandfillsorpiledupinstorageEnergyrecoveryisanothercommonmethod.Thisinvolvesburningtyrestogenerateelectricityorheatforindustries，butthatproducesplanetwarmingpollution；orweusethemtorepairroads，butchemicalsfromthemmightpollutetheground（報廢舊輪胎一直是個問題。大多數(shù)被扔進垃圾填埋場或堆放在倉庫中能源回收是另一種常見的方法。這包括燃燒輪胎為工業(yè)發(fā)電或供熱，但這會造成地球變暖污染或者我們用它們來修路，但它們產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會污染地面），可知第一段的目的是提出報廢舊輪胎的問題，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Aftertearingdownthesteel，theremainingmaterialisexposedtohightemperaturesintheabsenceofairtomaketherubberchangeintoamixofhydrocarbongases，andthenthey'reremoved.Whatisleftbehindispurecarbonblack.Oncetheremovedgasescooldown，apartofthemliquefiesintoTDO（拆下鋼材后，剩余材料在沒有空氣的情況下暴露在高溫下，使橡膠變成碳?xì)浠衔餁怏w的混合物，然后將其去除。剩下的是純炭黑。一旦去除的氣體冷卻下來，其中一部分就會液化成TDO），我們可以推斷出輪胎的回收過程中，TDO來自去除的碳?xì)浠衔餁怏w，故選D。（3）代詞指代題。根據(jù)最后一段的TherecoveredTDOiswell﹣suitedformakingdiesel（柴油）.Whilenotcompletelycarbon﹣neutral，itdoesproducean80﹣90%reductioninemissionsofcarbondioxide，comparedwiththeconventionalfuel（回收的TDO非常適合制造柴油。雖然不完全是碳中和的，但與傳統(tǒng)燃料相比，它確實減少了80﹣90%的二氧化碳排放），可知it代指diesel，即來自于TDO的柴油，故選A。（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第二段Somefirms，therefore，havebegunexploringanalternative.OnesuchfirmisWastefront，whichownsabigtyre﹣recyclingplantinnorth﹣eastEngland.Inacoupleofyears，itwillbeabletoturn8millionoldtyresintonewproducts，includingablackliquidcalledTDO（因此，一些公司已經(jīng)開始探索替代方案。Wastefront就是這樣一家公司，它在英格蘭東北部擁有一家大型輪胎回收廠。幾年后，它將能夠?qū)?00萬個舊輪胎轉(zhuǎn)化為新產(chǎn)品，包括一種名為TDO的黑色液體），可知本文主要介紹一種替代原來處理廢舊輪胎的新方案，所以D.TheAlternativetoTyre﹣recycling（輪胎回收的替代方案）可以作為最佳標(biāo)題，故選D。14．【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Earlyhumanshadtohunt，gatherfoodandprotectthemselves.Thoseactivitiesconsumedmuchtime，sounlesssleepservedveryimportantpurposes，thosewhosleptlesswouldhaveanadvantage（早期的人類必須狩獵、采集食物和保護自己。這些活動消耗了很多時間，所以除非睡眠有非常重要的作用，否則睡眠較少的人會有優(yōu)勢），可知早期人類的例子表明睡眠在人類歷史上具有重要意義，故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Thebraincreatessomanyconnectionsdailythatparticularcircuitscanbeheavilyburdened（大腦每天都會產(chǎn)生如此多的連接，以至于特定的電路可能會承受沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)），可知作者在第二段中表達(dá)了我們的大腦可能會因突觸連接而超載的信息，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Dr.Cirelliexplainedthatduringsleep，agreatmanysynapticconnectionsareweakenedsothatconnectionsaremoreavailablefornewlearningthenextday（Cirelli博士解釋說，在睡眠期間，許多突觸連接都會減弱，這樣第二天就可以更好地進行新的學(xué)習(xí)），可知Chirelli博士的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠可以減輕突觸負(fù)擔(dān)，故選A。（4）態(tài)度判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Youdon'thavetobeascientisttounderstandthatnotsleepingwellaffectsnextdayfunctioning—thisiscommonculturalwisdom.Dr.Cirelli'sresearchisanexampleofscienceshowingthe"why"and"how"mechanismsthatunderliethatwisdom（你不必是一個科學(xué)家就能理解睡眠不好會影響第二天的功能﹣﹣﹣這是常見的文化智慧。Cirelli博士的研究是一個科學(xué)例子，展示了這種智慧背后的"為什么"和"如何"機制），可知作者對Cir