江蘇省如皋市2019-2020學年高二英語下學期教學質量調研試題（二）（含解析）

江蘇省如皋市20192020學年高二英語下學期教學質量調研試題（二）（含解析）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)20題，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.ToseeLucy.B.Togotothetheatre.C.TojoininJane’sparty.2.Whydoesthewomanwanttobuytheclock?A.Becauseitisverycheap.B.Becausesheisoftenlateforworkrecently.C.Becauseshewantstogiveittosomeoneasagift.3.Whatsubjectdoesthewomandislikemost?A.Physics.B.Chemistry.C.Mathematics.4.Whatdidthemanpromisetodo?A.ToreturnsomemagazinesforAlice.B.Tobuysomemagazinesforhisoffice.C.TogivesomemagazinesbacktoAlice.5.Whatdoesthemanplantodofirst?A.ToborrowaCD.B.Togotothebank.C.Toreturnhome.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afestival.B.Abirthdayparty.C.Aclassreunion.7.Whatdoesthegirldecidetodo?A.Tostaywithherfamily.B.Togotoapartywiththeman.C.Togoonvacation.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenews?A.Exciting.B.Sad.C.Unbelievable.9.Whatdothespeakersplantodonext?A.Togotothestore.B.Toattendthewedding.C.Tobuysomeflowers.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheingexam?A.Confident.B.Peaceful.C.Anxious.11.Whichsubjectisthemangoodat?A.English.B.History.C.Geography.12.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Toworkharder.B.Totalkwithothers.C.Toberelaxed.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whoisagoodcook?A.Theman.B.MrsBlack.C.Thewoman.14.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMrsBlackandtheman?A.Hostessandguest.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Motherandson.15.Whatwastheweatherlikewhentheyhadthepicnic?A.Terrible.B.Lovely.C.Rainy.16.Wheredidthemanhavethepicnic?A.Inaboat.B.Inahouse.C.Onanisland.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatistheweatherlikeinthecitynow?A.Sunnyandhot.B.Coolandcloudy.C.Warmandwindy.18.Wherewouldbeagoodplacetogohikingthisafternoon?A.Thecoast.B.Thecentralvalley.C.Thecity.19.Whatwillthetemperaturedropdowntotonight?A.Thehigh30s.B.Thelow40s.C.Thehigh40s.20.Wheremightthistalkbeheard?A.Ontheradio.B.OnTV.C.OntheInternet.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheDocklandsLightRailway(DLR)tookjustthreeyearstobuildatacostof￡77million.ItisLondon’sfirstLightRailSystem,butitsroutefollowsthatofanumberofolderlines,whichcarriedthenineteenthcenturyrailwaysthroughthecrowdeddistrictsoftheEastEnd.ThesectionofthelinefromtheTowerGatewayStationtoPoplarfollowsthelineofoneofLondon’searliestrailways,theLondon&Blackwell(1840),acabledrawnrailway(laterconvertedtosteam)whichcarriedpassengerstosteamshipsatBlackwellPier,andprovidedtransportforthemessengersandclerkswhowentbackwardsandforwardsbetweenthedocksandthecityeveryday.FromPoplartoIslandGardens,anewlinecrosseshighabovethedockwaters,andthenjoinstheoldtrackoftheMillwallExtensionRailway,builttoservicetheMillwallDocks(1868)andtoprovidetransportforworkersinthelocalfactories.Thislinewashorsedrawnforpartofitsroute,untilthe1880s.ThePoplartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewasfirstdevelopedbytheNorthLondonRailway,builtinthe1850stolinktheWestandEastIndiaDockswiththemanufacturingdistrictsoftheMidlandsandNorthofEngland.Thereweremajorrailwayworksandsidings(岔線)atBowuntilrecently.Thetrainsareautomaticallycontrolledfromacentralputer,whichdealswithallsignalingandothersafetyfactors,aswellasadjustingspeedstokeepwithinthetimetable;onboardeachvehicle,TrainCaptains,whoarealsofullyqualifieddrivers,areequippedwithtwowayradiostomaintaincontactwithcentralcontrol.Therearepassengerlifts,andselfserviceticketmachines,ateverystation.1.ThehistoryoftherailwaytellsusthattheDLR______.A.wasbeguninthenineteencenturyB.followssomeoftheoriginallineC.willbefinishedinthreeyears’timeD.tookthreeyearslongerthanexpectedtoplete2.ItappearsthatthePoplartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewasoriginallydevelopedto____.A.makethetransportofgoodseasier B.encouragetradeabroadC.promotethetransportinEngland D.createemploymentathome3.ThetrainsontheDLRarecontrolledby______.A.driversonthetrainsthemselves B.twowayradiosoperatedbythedriversC.aputeronboardthetrain D.aputerbasedelsewhere【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了英國碼頭區(qū)輕軌鐵路，這是倫敦的第一個輕軌系統(tǒng)，但它的路線沿襲了許多較老的線路。同時介紹了相關路段的歷史和作用以及列車的操作情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段ItisLondon’sfirstLightRailSystem,butitsroutefollowsthatofanumberofolderlines可知，這是倫敦的第一個輕軌系統(tǒng)，但它的路線沿襲了許多較老的線路。根據(jù)第二段ThesectionofthelinefromtheTowerGatewayStationtoPoplarfollowsthelineofoneofLondon’searliestrailways可知，從TowerGatewayStation到Poplar的這段線路沿襲了倫敦最早的鐵路之一。所以DLR的歷史告訴我們，它沿襲了一些原來的路線。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段ThePoplartoStratfordsectionoftheDLRroutewasfirstdevelopedbytheNorthLondonRailway,builtinthe1850stolinktheWestandEastIndiaDockswiththemanufacturingdistrictsoftheMidlandsandNorthofEngland.可知，DLR路線的Poplar至Stratford段首先由北倫敦鐵路開發(fā)，該鐵路建于19世紀50年代，將西印度和東印度碼頭與英格蘭中部和北部的制造區(qū)連接起來。由此判斷出，DLR路線的Poplar至Stratford段最初是為了方便貨物運輸而開發(fā)的。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Thetrainsareautomaticallycontrolledfromacentralputer可知，火車由中央計算機自動控制。所以DLR上的列車由別處的一臺計算機控制。故選D項。BCalifornia’sattackonsecondhandsmokereacheditshistorichighthisNewYear,whenevenindoorareasinbarsandcasinosbecamesmokefreebyforceoflaw.Therulesonsmokeexposurehavetakena180degreeturninlessthanageneration.IntheUnitedStatesofmyyouth,everycitizenwashostage(人質)tootherpeople’scigarettesinairplanes,inofficesandinalmosteveryotherpublicplace.Nowtheindoorareasofpubliclifeareallnonsmokingzones—aninconvenienceforthe25%ofadultswhosmoke,butabenefitoflargeproportionstothebreathingsystemofthe75%whodonot.Inthecoldandflu,thegreatestriskofappearinginpublicisnottobaccosmoke,butrathercontagious(接觸傳染的)disease.Andstrangerswhowouldnotdreamofblowingsmokeinyourfaceseemhappyenoughaboutcoughingandsneezingwhenevertheyseeyouing.Isn’tthereadoublestandardhere,whenthesamefolksprohibitedfromsmokinginmyofficebuildingcansneezemehomeforaweekofhellwiththerulingbacteriumoftheseason?Whydon’tthecontagiousamongusstayhomeorwearthosecutlittlepapernoseandmouthcoversoratleastfeelbadaboutputtingtherestofusatriskofsharingtheirmisery?Coulditbethatthesimilaritypassingalawthatrequiresgermfreepublicspaces.Buttwosmallerlessonsdoefromthecontrastingtreatmentofgermsandcigarettes.Thefirstlessonisthatwhatweacceptinpublicismuchmoreamatterofparticularsocialexpectationthanscientificstudies.TheFrenchreadscientificjournalsjustasdiligentlyasdoAmericans,yettheaverageFrenchcafecontainsmoresmokethanaforestfire.YouaremorelikelytoencounterafacefulloftobaccosmokeifyougotoJapanthisyearthanyouwouldinLosAneles.ButyouwillalsonoticehundredsofpeopleonthesubwayinJapanwhowearpapermasktoavoidspreadingcontagiousdiseasethattheycarry.Whichcultureismoreconsideratedependsontheparticularsubjectoftheinquiry.Thestandardforwhatispoliteinpublicvariestremendouslyfromonesocialsettingtoanother.4.Thefirstparagraphtellsus________.A.therulesonsmokeexposurehavebeelessstrictB.inthepastpeopleexposedtootherpeople’scigarettesplainedalotC.inCaliforniasmokefreezonesinpublicplaceshaveexistedforalongtimeD.mostpeoplecanbenefitfrombanningindoorsmokinginpublicplaces5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Peoplethinkcoughingandsneezingarelessharmfulthansmokinginpublic.B.Sickpeopleshouldlivealoneandstayhomewearingpapermasksallwinter.C.Strangerswillfeelbadwhentheycoughandsneezeinfrontofotherpeople.D.Thosewithcontagiousdiseasesfeelbadsharingtheirmiserywithothers.6.Thetoneofthepassageisbestdescribedas______.A.encouraging B.worryingC.carefree D.suspicious7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthispassage?A.LearnfromJapan. B.Don’tsmokeindoors.C.Payattentiontoenvironmentalgerms. D.Stayhomeallwinter.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述是否可以像在公共場合禁煙那樣在流感期間有無菌的公共場合?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句“Nowtheindoorareasofpubliclifeareallnonsmokingzones—aninconvenienceforthe25%ofadultswhosmoke,butabenefitoflargeproportionstothebreathingsystemofthe75%whodonot.”可知，現(xiàn)在公共生活的室內區(qū)域全都是禁煙區(qū)，這對25%吸煙的成年人是不方便的，但是對于絕大部分75%不吸煙的成年人的呼吸系統(tǒng)是有益的。由此可見，更多的人因公共場合室內禁煙區(qū)而受益。結合選項可知，選項D正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段的第二句“Andstrangerswhowouldnotdreamofblowingsmokeinyourfaceseemhappyenoughaboutcoughingandsneezingwhenevertheyseeyouing.”可知，不想往你臉上噴煙霧的陌生人似乎認為咳嗽和打噴嚏是合適的，無論他們什么時候見到你過來。由此可知，陌生人認為在公共場合咳嗽和打噴嚏并無大礙，沒有吸煙有害。結合選項可知，選項A正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段的第二句“Andstrangerswhowouldnotdreamofblowingsmokeinyourfaceseemhappyenoughaboutcoughingandsneezingwhenevertheyseeyouing.”，第三段的最后一句“Whydon’tthecontagiousamongusstayhomeorwearthosecutlittlepapernoseandmouthcoversoratleastfeelbadaboutputtingtherestofusatriskofsharingtheirmisery?”可知，不想往你臉上噴煙霧的陌生人似乎認為咳嗽和打噴嚏是合適的。這些在我們中間的傳染者為什么不待在家里，或者佩戴那些切割過的小型紙質口鼻罩，或者至少因讓我們其他人處于分享他們痛苦的風險中感到抱歉呢？由此可見，作者對公眾場合細菌傳染意識薄弱表示擔憂。結合選項可知，選項B正確。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。由第二段的第一句“Inthecoldandflu,thegreatestriskofappearinginpublicisnottobaccosmoke,butrathercontagious（接觸傳染的）disease.(在感冒和流感期間，在公共場合出現(xiàn)的最大的風險不是煙草煙霧，而是接觸傳染性疾病。)”，第三段第一句“Isn’tthereadoublestandardhere,whenthesamefolksprohibitedfromsmokinginmyofficebuildingcansneezemehomeforaweekofhellwiththerulingbacteriumoftheseason?(當禁止在辦公大樓吸煙的同樣的人群因攜帶有季節(jié)性流行性細菌而讓我在家一周地獄般地打噴嚏的時候，難道不應該有一個雙重標準嗎？)”可知，作者主要表達公共場合細菌傳染的危害，人們要關注公共場合環(huán)境中的細菌傳染。結合選項可知，選項C正確。CGoogle“informationoverload”andyouareimmediatelyoverloadedwithinformation:morethan7mhitsin0.05seconds.Someofthisinformationisinteresting:forexample,thephrase“informationoverload”waspopularisedbyAlvinTofflerin1970.Someofitismerenoise:obscurepaniespromotingtheirservicesandevenmoreobscurebloggerssoundingoff.Theoverallimpressionisatonceoverwhelmingandconfusing.“Informationoverload”isoneofthebiggestirritationsinmodernlife.Thereareemailstoanswer,YouTubevideostowatchand,backinthephysicalworld,meetingstoattendandpaperstoshuffle(翻動).AsurveybyReutersoncefoundthattwothirdsofmanagersbelievethatthedatadeluge(泛濫)hadmadetheirjobslesssatisfyingorhurttheirpersonalrelationships.Onethirdthoughtthatithaddamagedtheirhealth.Anothersurveysuggeststhatmostmanagersthinkmostoftheinformationtheyreceiveisuseless.Someresearchersraisethreebigworries.First,informationoverloadcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandpowerless:scientistshavediscoveredthatmultitaskersproducemorestresshormones.Second,overloadcandiscouragecreativity.TeresaAmabileofHarvardBusinessSchoolhasspentmorethanadecadestudyingtheworkhabitsof238people.Shefindsthatfocusandcreativityareconnected.Peoplearemorelikelytobecreativeiftheyareallowedtofocusonsomethingforsometimewithoutinterruptions.Ifconstantlyinterruptedorforcedtoattendmeetings,theyarelesslikelytobecreative.Third,overloadcanalsomakeworkerslessproductive.DavidMeyeroftheUniversityofMichiganhasshownthatpeoplewhopletecertaintasksinparalleltakemuchlongerandmakemanymoreerrorsthanpeoplewhopletethesametasksinsequence.Whatcanbedoneaboutinformationoverload?Oneansweristechnological:relyonthepeoplewhocreatedthefogtoinventfilters(過濾器)thatwillcleanitup.Xeroxpromisestorestore“informationpurity”bydevelopingbetterfilteringandmanagingdevices.Asecondanswerinvolveswillpower.TurnoffyourmobilephoneandWiFifromtimetotime.Mostpaniesarebetteratgivingemployeesaccesstotheinformationsuperhighwaythanatteachingthemhowtodrive.Thisisstartingtochange.Managementconsultantshavespottedanopportunity.DerekDeanandCarolineWebbofMcKinseyurgebusinessestoapplythreeprinciplestodealwithdataoverload:findtimetofocus,filteroutnoiseandforgetaboutworkwhenyoucan.Businessleadersarechippingin.DavidNovakofYum!Brandsurgespeopletoaskthemselveswhetherwhattheyaredoingisconstructiveoramere“activity”.CristobalCondeofSunGard,anITfirm,preserves“thinkingtime”inhisschedulewhenhecannotbedisturbed.Thismightsoundlikemonsense.Butmonsenseisrareamidthecacophony(不和諧的聲音)ofcorporatelife.8.AccordingtothesurveyconductedbyReuters,mostmanagersbelieve______.A.thedatadelugedoesharmtotheirhealth.B.mostinformationtheyreceiveisofgreatuse.C.informationoverloaddestroystheirpersonalrelationship.DtheirjobsaresatisfyingthankstotherichinformationontheInternet.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadamagingeffectofinformationoverload?A.Makingpeopleunproductive. B.Causingpeopletolackcreativity.C.Arousingpeople’snegativefeelings. D.Leavingpeoplebadatmultitasking.10.Thetechnologicalwaytodealwithinformationoverloadisto______.A.improvethetechniqueforfilteringdata B.limittheuploadingofinformationC.providelimitedaccesstotheInternet D.developbettersearchengines11.WhichofthefollowingactionmayDerekDeanandCarolineWebbapproveof?A.Listeningtomusicwhileworking. B.Finishingseveraltasksatthesametime.C.Takingyourmindoffworkoccasionally. D.Avoidingusingyourmonsenseinyourwork.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今信息超載是現(xiàn)代生活中最大的煩惱之一。人們認為信息超載不僅破壞人際關系，而且大部分信息都是無用的。文章還說明了三點信息過載的破壞性影響，以及人們對此的應對措施?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中AsurveybyReutersoncefoundthattwothirdsofmanagersbelievethatthedatadeluge(泛濫)hadmadetheirjobslesssatisfyingorhurttheirpersonalrelationships.可知路透社的一項調查曾發(fā)現(xiàn)，三分之二的管理人員認為，數(shù)據(jù)泛濫使他們的工作不那么令人滿意，或傷害了他們的人際關系。由此可知，根據(jù)路透社的調查，大多數(shù)管理者認為信息超載會破壞他們的人際關系。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中First,informationoverloadcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandpowerless:scientistshavediscoveredthatmultitaskersproducemorestresshormones.Second,overloadcandiscouragecreativity.可知首先，信息超載會讓人感到焦慮和無力：科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，一心多用的人會產生更多的壓力荷爾蒙。第二，超負荷會阻礙創(chuàng)造力。由此可知，A選項和C選項屬于信息過載的破壞性影響；再根據(jù)第三段中Third,overloadcanalsomakeworkerslessproductive.可知第三，超負荷工作也會降低員工的工作效率。由此可知，C選項屬于信息過載的破壞性影響。故只有D選項“讓人們不擅長多任務處理”不是信息過載的破壞性影響。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Whatcanbedoneaboutinformationoverload?Oneansweristechnological:relyonthepeoplewhocreatedthefogtoinventfilters(過濾器)thatwillcleanitup.Xeroxpromisestorestore“informationpurity”bydevelopingbetterfilteringandmanagingdevices.可知如何應對信息過載？一個答案是技術上的：依靠制造霧的人發(fā)明過濾器來清理霧。Xerox承諾通過開發(fā)更好的過濾和管理設備來恢復“信息純度”。由此可知，改進數(shù)據(jù)過濾技術是解決信息超載的技術途徑。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中DerekDeanandCarolineWebbofMcKinseyurgebusinessestoapplythreeprinciplestodealwithdataoverload:findtimetofocus,filteroutnoiseandforgetaboutworkwhenyoucan.可知麥肯錫的DerekDean和CarolineWebb敦促企業(yè)運用三條原則來應對數(shù)據(jù)過載：找時間集中注意力，過濾噪音，盡可能忘掉工作。結合選項可推知，C選項“偶爾把你的注意力從工作中解放出來”DerekDean和CarolineWebb可能會贊成。故選C。DInmyhighschoolEnglishclassinasmallMississippitown,MissDenmantriedtoinsertoursleepyheadsthateverynovelhadtodooneofthethreethings:tellsomething;showsomething;provesomething.Shethenreadusonesheconsideredapieceofperfectwritingbecauseitachievedallthethreethings:TheLotterybyShirleyJackson,whoseremainingstoriesandessayshavenowbeenpublished.AsMissDenmanbeganreading—“ThemorningofJune27thwasclearandsunny,withthefreshwarmthofafullsummerday;theflowerswereblossoming(開花)freelyandthegrasswasrichlygreen”—wewerecalmedinto“thesquarebetweenthepostofficeandthebank”ofasmallAmericantown,whereall300citizensaremet.They’veetodrawlots(抽簽)forthelotteryofeachyearthatendsbeforenoon.Thepersonholdingthepaperwithablackmarkisthenledtoaclearingandstonedtodeathbyallthetown’scitizens.WhenTheLotteryfirstappearedinTheNewYorkerin1948,themagazinewasfloodedwithlettersfromangryreadersdemandingtoknowwhatitwasabout.UnlikethoseconfusedTheNewYorkerreaders,MissDenman’sstudentsweren’tconfusedbyastoryinwhichfoolishviolencewaspasseddownthroughthegenerations.OurswasaGothicworldandShirleyJacksonseemedtoourearslikeFlanneryO’ConnorwithouttheGeorgiaaccent.FortyyearspassedbeforeIreadanythingelsebyShirleyJackson.ThenIhappeneduponherfinalnovel—WeHaveAlwaysLivedintheCastle,publishedin1962,threeyearsbeforeherdeathin1965—atrueexcellentworkwhoseyoungmainfemalecharacter,MerricatBlackwood,isasprecocious(早熟的)andworthrememberingasanyyoungpeopleinthe20thcenturyAmericannovels.Shedescribes:“Idislikewashingmyself,anddogs,andnoise.IlikemysisterConstance,andmyuncleJulian,andthepoisonousmushroom.Everyoneelseinmyfamilyisdead.”SixyearsagoBlackwood’sparents,anaunt,andayoungerbrotherweremurdered—poisonedwitharsenic(砒霜).Fiftyyearsafterheruntimelydeath,LetMeTellYou,anewreminderofhowexcellentawriterShirleyJacksoncameout.Thestories,essays,andlecturesinthisbrilliantnewcollectionincludesomepublishedbeforeandsomeabletothepublicforthefirsttime.Thetitleesfromthebook’sonlyunfinishedstory,abouttwo14yearoldfriends,thespoileddaughtersofrichfathers.Theirsnobbery(勢利)performancescounteractbeliefsofclasslessnessinAmerican:“Myfatherisalawyer.It’simportantwhatyourfatheris.Alsoit’simportanttohaveaswimmingpool,onlynotthebiggestswimmingpoolofallandofcoursenoonewoulddreamofgoingnearit.”ThereaderiseagertoknowwhathappensbutevenJackson’sfinishedstoriesarerarelytiedupwithappropriateendings.Shecountedonthereadertomakeaneffort.LetMeTellYoufeelslikeadirectmunicationfrombeyondthetombwiththewriter.Thisisespeciallytrueofheressaysontheskillofwriting.WiththepublicationofLetMeTellYou,ShirleyJacksoncannowenjoyapeacewithanewworldofreaders.ThewomanofGothicpsychologicalnovelcantrulyrestinpeace.12.MissDenmanchosetoreadherstudentsTheLotterymainlybecause______.A.it’soneofherfavoritenovelsB.it’sagoodexampletoexplainthefeaturesofnovelsC.ithasskillfullyarrangedplotsandbeautifulstatementsD.it’samasterpieceofanAmericanliterarywriter,ShirleyJackson13.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheLottery?A.Ithasabeautifulbeginningbutasadending.B.Whoevergotthelotteryinthestorywasaluckydog.C.LivingintheGothicworld,itswriterwasgoodGothicnovels.D.ItconfusedTheNewYorkerreadersaswellasDenman’sstudents.14.AccordingtoShirleyJackson’sfinalnovel,______.A.MerricatwasaquietgirlfullofloveforeverythingB.onlyMerricatandhertwosisterssurvivedthemurderC.MerricatbecameasmatureasherpeersafterthemurderD.altogetherfourpeopleinthefamilydiedfrombeingpoisoned15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counteract”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Actagainst. B.Makestronger.C.Makeclear. D.Throwdoubton【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。作者介紹了自己在高中英語課中知道的ShirleyJackson幾個代表作。文章包括了什么時候，讀的哪一本，以及書的內容梗概?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段InmyhighschoolEnglishclassinasmallMississippitown,MissDenmantriedtoinsertoursleepyheadsthateverynovelhadtodooneofthethreethings:tellsomething;showsomething;provesomething.Shethenreadusonesheconsideredapieceofperfectwritingbecauseitachievedallthethreethings:TheLotterybyShirleyJackson可知，在密西西比小鎮(zhèn)的高中英語課上，丹曼小姐想裝進我們昏昏欲睡的腦袋里的是：每部小說都要做以下三件事之一，即告訴某事、展示某事、證明某事。然后她給我們讀了一篇她認為完美的文章，因為它實現(xiàn)了這三件事，文章是ShirleyJackson的TheLottery。因此，丹曼小姐選擇給學生讀TheLottery是因為它是解釋小說特點的一個很好的例子。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AsMissDenmanbeganreading—“ThemorningofJune27thwasclearandsunny,withthefreshwarmthofafullsummerday;theflowerswereblossoming（開花）freelyandthegrasswasrichlygreen”可知，丹曼小姐開始讀了：6月27日晴朗的早晨，帶著夏日的清新溫暖，花自由地綻放，草綠油油地。由此可知TheLottery的開頭很美；根據(jù)第二段Thepersonholdingthepaperwithablackmarkisthenledtoaclearingandstonedtodeathbyallthetown’scitizens.可知，拿著標有黑色記號的紙的人，被所有市民帶到空地上用石頭打死。由此可知，TheLottery的結尾很悲傷。所以，TheLottery有美麗的開始，但有悲傷的結局。故選A。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“IlikemysisterConstance,andmyuncleJulian,andthepoisonousmushroom.Everyoneelseinmyfamilyisdead.”SixyearsagoBlackwood’sparents,anaunt,andayoungerbrotherweremurdered—poisonedwitharsenic（砒霜）.可知，我喜歡妹妹Constance、叔叔Julian和毒蘑菇。家里其他人都死了。六年前，Blackwood的父母、阿姨和一個弟弟都被謀殺——砒霜中毒。因此，根據(jù)ShirleyJackson最后的小說來看，家里一共四個人（Blackwood的父母、阿姨和一個弟弟）死于中毒。故選D?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下劃線所在的句子后面“Myfatherisalawyer.It’simportantwhatyourfatheris.Alsoit’simportanttohaveaswimmingpool,onlynotthebiggestswimmingpoolofallandofcoursenoonewoulddreamofgoingnearit.”可知，我父親是律師，而你的父親是干什么的很重要；有泳池很重要，只是不是最大的游泳池，當然沒人會夢想靠近它。由此可以推測，下劃線所在的句子Theirsnobbery（勢利）performancescounteractbeliefsofclasslessnessinAmerican.意為“他們勢力的行為違反了美國的無階級信仰?！保琧ounteract意為“違反、違背”，結合選項選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thefactorsthatcauseyouthunemploymentoftendifferamongregionsandlaborsystems.____16____Sincefiringfulltimeworkersissoplicatedandexpensive,employersareunwillingtotakeonnewstaff,whilepeoplewhoarealreadyemployed,mainlyolderworkers,oftenkeeptheirjobsforlife.Indevelopingcountrieswithhighbirthratesandveryyoungpopulations,likethePhilippines,growthisn’tstrongenoughtoabsorbthewaveofyoungstersenteringtheworkforceeachyear.____17____Youngpeopleenteringtheworkforceareoftenthemostvulnerable（易受傷害的）ineconomicdownturns—newemployeesareoftenthefirsttogetsacked,whilecollegegraduatesfindfewemployerswillingtohire.___18___InSpain,ItalyandJapan,forinstance,panieslookingtogainflexibilityinregulatedlabormarketsoftenoffernew,youngstaffersonlyshorttermcontracts.Thesecontracts,whichsometimeslastforonlyafewdays,usuallyewithlowsalariesandfewbenefits.Sincesuchstaffistemporary,employershavelittleintentiontoinvestintraining.Facingsuchobstacles,youngpeopleeverywherearefindingthattraditionalroutetosuccess—education—isn’tpayingoffasmuchasinthepast.____19____Theywilloftenbeofferedlowskilledjobsfromwaiterstosupermarketclerks.AMarchreportformtheUK’sOfficeforNationalStatisticsshowedthattheshareofrecentcollegegraduatesinBritainworkinginlowerskilledjobsrosetonearly35%in2011formlessthan27%adecadeearlier.____20____TypicalisCairo’sAhmedSaid.Hegraduatedfromcollegewithabusinessdegree,andafterperformingtheobligatory（義務的）yearofmilitaryservice,heappliedforjobsinaccountinganddataentry.ButSaid,24,hadnoluck,andtodayheworksasawaiteratacafenearTahrirSquare.“Thiswasmylastchoice,”hesays,“andthisisthejobthatIgot.”A.Younggraduatesoftenfindthemselvespetingwithmoreexperiencedworkers.B.Moreandmorecollegegraduatesareforcedtotakejobsbelowtheirskilllevel.C.Theystartedapplyingforanypositionstheycouldfindinothercountries.D.Insomepartsoftheworld,suchjobsareallthatisavailabletocollegegraduates.E.Yetyouthunemploymentalsohasmonrootsthroughouttheworld.FThoseyoungworkerswhodofindemploymentareoftentrappedinawfulcontracts.G.InmuchofWesternEuropeoveremphasizedlaborprotectionmakesitmoredifficultforyouthstolandgoodjobs.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.B20.D【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章講述了不同地區(qū)和勞動力制度導致年輕人失業(yè)的不同因素?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上一句

Thefactorsthatcauseyouthunemploymentoftendifferamongregionsandlaborsystems.

導致年輕人失業(yè)的因素在不同地區(qū)和勞動力制度之間往往有所不同?？芍?，此處內容與年輕人工作困難有關，選項G“在西歐大部分地區(qū)，過度強調勞動保護使得年輕人更難找到好工作。”符合題意。故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下一句Youngpeopleenteringtheworkforceareoftenthemostvulnerable（易受傷害的）ineconomicdownturns—newemployeesareoftenthefirsttogetsacked,whilecollegegraduatesfindfewemployerswillingtohire.在經濟低迷時期，進入職場的年輕人往往是最脆弱的——新員工往往是最先被解雇的，而大學畢業(yè)生發(fā)現(xiàn)很少有雇主愿意雇傭。可知，此處內容與解釋為什么年輕人最容易被解雇或失業(yè)有關，選項E“然而，青年失業(yè)在世界各地也有共同的根源?！狈项}意。故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文Thesecontracts,whichsometimeslastforonlyafewdays,usuallyewithlowsalariesandfewbenefits.

這些合同有時只持續(xù)幾天，通常工資很低，福利也很少?？芍颂巸热菖c工作的年輕人遇到糟糕的合同有關，選項F“那些找到工作的年輕工人經常陷入糟糕的合同中?！狈项}意。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下一句Theywilloftenbeofferedlowskilledjobsfromwaiterstosupermarketclerks.

他們經常會得到從服務員到超市店員等低技能工作?？芍?，此處內容與大學畢業(yè)生被迫做低技能的工作有關，選項B“越來越多的大學畢業(yè)生被迫從事低于他們技能水平的工作?！狈项}意。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下一句TypicalisCairo’sAhmedSaid.典型的是開羅的Ahmed?？芍?，此處內容與大學畢業(yè)生從事低技能工作的現(xiàn)象有關，選項D“在世界上的一些地方，大學畢業(yè)生只能找到這樣的工作?！狈项}意。故選D。第三部分語言知識運用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Peoplehavebeensayinggreatthingsaboutmydadlately.Theykeeptellingmethatmydadisaherobecauseofhis_____21_____.Mydadisasurgeon,andlikemanyotherdoctorsinChina,he_____22_____togotoWuhantocareforpatientsthere.Butthehospitalwhereheworksonlyaskedhimtomakesurethat____23____patientsarestillabletoreceiveregulartreatment.Somydadjustfollowshisnormal____24____,analyzingpatients’diseasesandperformingchestoperations.Withallkindsofplimentstowardmydad,Ibecame_____25_____.MydadhasbeenadoctorlongbeforethisCOVID19outbreak;whyhasnooneelsepraisedhimasaherobefore?Didn’the_____26_____suchplimentswhenthisdiseasewasn’taround?Whenwetalkaboutheroes,whatkindof_____27_____oftenjumpsintoourminds?Warleaderswhoconqueredeverythingthatstood_____28_____theirway?Historiccharacterswho_____29_____astrongkingdom?Orourdearmoviestars:theAvengers?Well,theyareindeedheroes,andtheymademarvelousachievements._