內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特市高三下學(xué)期一?？荚囉⒄Z試題

2022年呼和浩特市高三年級(jí)第一次質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、座位號(hào)涂寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。3.考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AHowcoolcanlibrariesbeinanera(時(shí)代)ofiPodsandKindles?Morethanyouthink.Onlyifyouknowwheretogo.CentralLibrary:Seattle,Washington,UnitedStatesTheCentralLibraryinSeattleismodernandfashionableandhastouristsfromaroundtheworldpayingvisitsandtakingtours.ItwasdesignedbyDutcharchitectRemKoolhaasandAmericandesignerJoshuaRamus.Toursbeganin2006,twoyearsafteritsopening.Thelibraryholdsvariousartexhibitions,booksigningsandotherevents,whilevisitorscanstopbytheChocolatecartforacoffeeandscanthroughthegiftshopanytime.TrinityCollegeLibrary:Dublin,IrelandTheTrinityCollegeLibraryinDublinistheoldestlibraryinIreland,foundedin1592byQueenElizabethI.Itisthelargestsinglelibraryintheworld,alsoknownastheLongRoom,whichcontainsmorethan200,000ofthelibrary’soldestbooks.TheLongRoomhousesoneoftheoldestharps(豎琴)inIreland.Datingtothe15thcentury,theoldharpisthemodelforthesymbolforeland.GeiselLibrary,UniversityofCalifornia:SanDiego,UnitedStatesAtfirstglanceitlookslikeaspaceship.ArchitectWilliamPereira,whohelpeddesignactualspacelaunchfacilitiesatCapeCanaveralinHouston,Texas,designedthelibraryin1970.Ithasbeenfeaturedinscififilms,shortstoriesandnovels.Thelibraryhosts“DinnerintheLibrary”,whichinvitesreadersforcocktails,andalsoaspecialspeechfromdistinguishedauthors.TUDelftLibrary:TheNetherlandsThelibraryattheDelftUniversityofTechnologywasconstructedin1997andhasmorethan862,000books,16,000magazinesubscriptionsanditsownmuseum.Thebuildingitselfexistsbeneaththeground,soyoucan’treallyseetheactualLibrary.Whatmakesitinterestingistheroof,whichisagrassyhill.Theroofcovers5,500squaremeters.Andithasbeeoneofthemoststrikingandgreeneststructuresinthearea.1.WhatcanyoudoinCentralLibrary?A.Youcanbuysouvenirs. B.Youcandrinkcocktails.C.Youcanenjoyscififilms. D.Youcanseetheoldharp.2.WhatmakesGeiselLibrarydifferentfromtheothers?A.QueenElizabethIfoundedthelibrary.B.Ithasareoffergrassyhill.CFamouswritersoftendeliverspeechesthere.D.Itisthelargestsinglelibraryintheworld.3.Whichofthefourlibrarieshasthelongesthistory?A.CentralLibrary. B.TrinityCollegeLibrary.C.GeiselLibrary. D.TUDelftLibrary.BIwasdoingsomeChristmasshoppinginatoystoreanddecidedtolookatBarbiedollsformynieces.AnicelydressedlittlegirlwasexcitedlylookingthroughtheBarbiedollsaswell.Asshewaslooking，alittleboycametothePokemontoys.Hewasdressedneatly，buthisclotheswereobviouslyold.Hewaswithhisfatheraswell，andkeptpickingupthePokemonvideotoys.Eachtimehepickedoneupandlookedathisfather，hisfathershookhisheadandsaid，“No.”ThelittlegirlhadchosenherBarbie.However，shestoppedandwaswatchingthem.Ratherdejectedly，theboyhadtogiveupthePokemontoysandchoosesomethingelse.ThelittlegirlputherBarbiebackontheshelf，andranovertothePokemontoys.Sheexcitedlypickeduponeandracedtowardsthecheckout.Ipickedupmypurchasesandgotinlinebehindthem.Then，muchtothelittlegirl'sdelight，thelittleboyandhisfathergotinlinebehindme.Afterthetoywaspaidforandbagged，thelittlegirlhandeditbacktothecashier(收銀員)andwhisperedsomethinginherear.Thecashiersmiledandputthepackageunderthecounter.Ipaidformypurchasesandwasrearrangingthingswhenthelittleboycameuptothecashier.Thecashiercheckedhispurchasesandsaid，“Congratulations，youaremyhundredthcustomertoday，andyouwinaprize！”Withthat，shehandedthelittleboythePokemontoys，andhecouldonlystareinsurprise.Itwasexactlywhathehadwanted!Thelittlegirlandherfatherhadbeenstandingatthedoorwayduringallofthis.Thentheywalkedout.AsIwalkedbacktomycar，Iheardthefatheraskhisdaughterwhyshehaddonethat.I'llneverforgetwhatshesaidtohim.“Daddy，didn'tGrandparentswantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy？”Hesaid，“Ofcoursetheydid，honey.”Towhichthelittlegirlreplied，“Well，Ijustdid！”IfeelveryshockedtohavewitnessedthetruespiritofChristmasinthattoystore，intheformofalittlegirlwhounderstandsmoreaboutthemeaningofthisfestivalthanmostadultsIknow.4.Theunderlinedword“dejectedly”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans__________.A.disappointedly B.delightedly C.excitedly D.unexpectedly5.HowdidthelittleboygetthePokemontoys?A.HisfatherboughthimthePoknemontoys.B.Fortunately，hewasthehundredthcustomerandwonthePoknemontoys.C.ThelittlegirlboughtthePoknemontoysforhim.D.ThecashierfeltsympathyforthelittleboyandgavehimthePoknemontoys.6.Whatdidthelittlegirlmeanwhensaying“Daddy，didn'tGrandparentswantmetobuysomethingthatwouldmakemehappy？”A.HerGrandparentswantedhertobehappy.B.ThePoknemontoysmadeherhappy.C.Makingthelittleboyhappymadeherhappy.D.HerGrandparentshopedthatshecouldhelpothers.7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?AthestoryhappenedbeforeChristmas.B.ThelittleboyhadnotenoughmoneytobuythePoknemontoys.CTheauthorwasdeeplymovedbythebehaviorofthelittlegirl.D.AlthoughthelittlegirllikedthePoknemontoysverymuch，shegavethemtotheboy.CForgenerations,thestandardwaytolearnhowtorideabicyclewaswithtrainingwheels.Butinrecentyears,manyparentsprefertotraintheirkidswithbalancebikes,twowheelersthatenablechildrentodevelopthepetenceneededforbicycling.Giventhebenefitsofbalancebikes,whydidittakesolongforthemtoreplacetrainingwheels?Thereareplentyofotherexamplesinwhichignoredsolutionsthatinvolvesubtraction(減法)turnouttobebetteralternatives.InsomeEuropeancities,forexample,urbanplannershavegottenridoftrafficlightsandroadsignstomakestreetssafer.LeidyKlotz,anengineerattheUniversityofVirginia,noticedthatreformativedesigns,inwhichelementsareremovedfromanexistingmodel,wereunmon.SohereachedouttoAdams,asocialpsychologist,totrytofigureoutwhythiswasthecase.Thetworesearchershypothesized(假設(shè))thattheremightbeanexplanation:whenfacedwithaproblem,peopletendtoselectsolutionsthatinvolveaddingnewelementsratherthantakingexistingponentsaway.Adams,Klotzandtheircolleaguessetouttotestiftheirhypothesiswascorrect.Theresearchersfirstcarriedoutasetofstudies.Inone,theyasked91participantstomakeapatternsymmetrical(對(duì)稱的)byeitheraddingorremovingcoloredboxes.Only18peopleusedsubtraction.Inanother,theteamscannedthroughideasforimprovementsubmittedtoanininguniversitypresidentandfoundthatonly11percentof651projectplansinvolvedgettingridofanexistingregulation,practiceorprogram.Thesefindingssuggestthat“additivesolutionshavesortofapriority”,saysBenjaminConverse,acoauthorofthestudy.“Subtractivesolutionsarenotnecessarilyhardertoconsider,buttheytakemoreefforttofind.”Fornowtheteamhopesthatthesefindingswillencouragepeopleacrossvariousfieldstothinkaboutsubtractiveoptionsthatmightbetypicallyignored.“Thehopeisthat,justbygettingpeopletothinkaboutthismore,maybeitwillhelpinspiresomeotherignoredsubtractions,”Conversesays.8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Topresentaproblem. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Togivesomeexamples. D.Toputforwardaconcept.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Balancebikesarenotgoodfortrainingkids.B.Peopleusedtolearnridingbikeseffortlessly.C.Parentsnowtrainkidstoridebikespointedly.D.SomeEuropeancitiesignoretheirgovernance.10.WhatdoesConversesayaboutsubtractivesolutions?A.Theyaresuperiortoadditivesolutions.B.Theyareoftenharmfulforcreativity.C.Theyarealwaysoverlookedbyourbrain.D.Theyareoftenpreferredbyconservatives.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewWayofManagementB.ATrendofAvoidingRegulationsC.ANewConceptofProblemsolvingD.AStudyonProblem–solvingMethodsDAnewstudysuggeststhatlongperiodsinspacecancausethehumanhearttoshrink(萎縮).Thestudy—byateamofAmericanresearchers—esastheU.S.makesplanstobuildalongtermbaseonthemoonandpreparestosendastronauts(宇航員)toMars.PartofthestudywasbasedontheexperiencesofretiredastronautScottKelly.TheU.S.spaceagencyNASAsaysthatduringhiscareer,KellyspentmoretimeinspacethananyotherAmericanastronaut.OneofKelly’sstaysaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)lasted340days.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexas’SouthwesternMedicalCenter(UTSouthwestern)inDallasanalyzed(分析)physicaldatacollectedduringScott’slongstayaboardtheISS.Thegoalwastolearntheeffectsofweightlessnessonhearthealthandperformance.TheteamfoundthatduringKelly’sstayinspace,theleftventricle(心房4gramsperweek.Dr.BenjaminLevineisaprofessoratUTSouthwestern.Hewastheleaderoftheresearch.Inastatement,heexplainedthatbecauseoftheconditionsinspace,theheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopumpblooduphillfromthefeet.Overtime,thiscancauseshrinkage.Inanefforttokeeptheirmusclesandbodieshealthyinspace,astronautsarerequiredtoperformdifferentkindsofexercisesthroughouttheirstay.Reductionsinheartsizearealsoseeninpatientswhospendlongperiodsinbedbecausetheyarelyingflatandtheheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump.AsecondpartofthestudyexamineddatafromalongdistanceswimmerwhospentnearlyayeartryingtocrossthePacificOcean.Theswimmer,BenoitLete,waschosenbecauseheswammorethan2,800kilometerover159days.Levinesayslongdistanceswimminghassimilareffectstoweightlessnessbecausewaterpressureworksagainsttheforceofgravity.ThestudyshowedthatduringLete’sswim,hisleftheartventricleshrankabout0.72gramsperweek.12.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byinterviewingastronauts. B.Byexaminingcollectedinformation.C.ByexperimentingaboardtheISS. D.Byparingpeopleindifferentfields.13.Whatareastronautsaskedtodotokeeptheirheartsfitinspaceaccordingtothetext?A.Dovariousexercises. B.Stayinspaceforlesstime.C.Standontheirheadssometimes. D.Havemorehealthyfood.14.Whoisleastlikelytosufferfromashrunkheartaccordingtothetext?A.Apatientwhospendsalongtimeinbed. B.Alongdistanceprofessionalswimmer.C.Anastronauttravellinginspaceforlong. D.Arunnerwhotrainshard.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.U.S.BuildsaLongtermBaseinSpaceB.NewWaystoFightHeartDiseasesC.LongSpaceflightsCanShrinktheHeartD.LongdistanceSwimmingCanKeepYourHeartHealthy第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DestinationUnknownCheap"blindbox"planeticketsbeeapopularchoicefortravel.Apromotionoffering$15planeticketsisbeingadvertisedbyanonlinetravelplatform.Whilesuchalowpricesoundsamazing,thereisjustonerule.____16____Labeledasa"destinationblindbox"onthesite,ticketsareboughtthrougharathersimplebookingprocedure.Passengersprovidetheirtravelinformation,selectadepartureairportandthenpaytheirmoneytobooktheticket.____17____Butoncethey"lockin"theirtickets,there'snomoneygoingback."Planeticketblindbox"isnowahottopicontheonlineplatforms.HenryFan,amarketingexpertsaid,"Ibelieveyoungpeopleareabigtargetgroupforthispromotion,becausetheynotonlyenjoythethrilloftheunknown,butalsoliketoshowofftheirlivesthroughthesetypesofmercialactivities.____18____Whatmattersisthatitsuggeststhatonehas'adventurous'and'lifeloving'qualities."Manynetizenssharethescreenshots(截圖)ofticketstheyhavedrawn.____19____Someothersclaimitistooraretodrawaticketthatisideal."Ifitwantstobeaprofitableactivity,thereleaseoftheticketsmusthavebeenplannedaheadandisnotasrandomasitseems.____20____Themarketingcampaignmayalsobeaimedatthefastsaleofsometicketsfromlesspopularairlinesthatwereoriginallynotthatexpensive.Iftheysellalargequantityoftickets,thepanymaystillearnaprofiteventhoughthepriceislow,"saidanexpertintourism.A.Itwillnothavepopularairlines.B.Itdoesn'tmatteriftheyfinallygoornot.C.Thepromotionhasbeeahottopiconsocialmedia.D.Theupingholidayisexpectedtobeamajortravelperiod.E.Ifthedateanddestinationareunsuitable,usersmayaskforarefund.F.Someeventeachthebookingprocedureunderthefreecancelingpolicy.G.Thepurchaserisnottoldwheretheflightisheadingorwhenitwilltakeoff.第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Maryusesawalkingstick.Benjaminrecentlylearnedhowtowalk.Maryis99.Benjaminis2.Theneighborsmayseemlike____21____friends,butduringthepandemic(疫情),theyformedaunique____22____atthefencebetweentheirhousesinMinneapolis.“Benjaminjustturned2yearsold.We’vebeen____23____withMarylongbeforehewasborn,”Benjamin’smom,SarahOlsonsaid.Theydidn’tseeMarymuch,____24____lastyearwhentheCOV1D19pandemic____25____andthefamilyhadtostayhome,Marywassomeonetheycould____26____—outside.Duringthepandemic,theOlsons____27____playedintheiryard,andMarywouldbeinhers.Benjaminwould____28____Marywhenhesawherintheyardandtheywouldplaygames.There'sa97year____29____gap,butBenjamindoesn’tseeit.“She’sjustMary,or‘Mimi’,”Sarahsaid.“We’reinsideandhe’llgo,‘Mimi?Mimi?’andwe'llgooutsideand______30______Mary.ThenMarywillcallout,‘HeyBenjamin!’How______31______asceneitis!”ForMary,whowaspletely______32______duringthepandemic,afriendwasjustwhatsheneeded.ItseemsMaryhas______33______achildlikespiritwithBenjamin,playingwithbubblesandevenwaterguns.Morethanayearaftertheyfirststarted______34______together,BenjaminandMarystill______35______eachother'spany.BenjaminandMary'sfriendshiphas______36______somanybecausepeopleliketoseerelationshipsformso______37______foryoungpeopleandelderlypeople.“Wedidn'thavetoworkonitatall;itjust______38______,”Sarahsaid.“Friendshipcanbe______39______insomanydifferentways.I’mreallyhappythey’vedevelopedthisfriendship,”shesaid.“Itissucharewarding______40______forbothofthem.”21.A.unfaithful B.unlikely C.close D.special22.A.bond B.habit C.belief D.impression23.A.strangers B.friends C.neighbors D.relatives24.A.but B.so C.because D.or25.A.continued B.ended C.hit D.faded26.A.visit B.see C.recognize D.invite27.A.seldom B.often C.once D.never28.A.talkabout B.makeroomfor C.tendto D.runoverto29A.age B.culture C.generation D.knowledge30.A.lookinto B.lookthrough C.lookafter D.lookfor31.A.strange B.familiar C.sweet D.awkward32.A.different B.forgotten C.independent D.alone33.A.rediscovered B.broken C.understood D.accepted34.A.chatting B.playing C.working D.learning35.A.ignore B.imagine C.miss D.enjoy36.A.amused B.shocked C.touched D.puzzled37.A.naturally B.quickly C.obviously D.normally38.A.remained B.changed C.mattered D.happened39.A.established B.spoiled C.betrayed D.improved40.A.coincidence B.experience C.practice D.lesson第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beijing,togetherwithZhangjiakou,succeededingettingthechancetohostthe2022WinterOlympicGames,____41____speedsupthedevelopmentofZhangjiakouCity.WordcamethattheBeijingZhangjiakouhighspeedrailway,____42____(locate)inNorthChina,isnow____43____construction,andisexpectedtobepletedby2020inpreparationforthecitiestohostthe2022WinterOlympicGames.StartingfromBeijingNorthRailwayStationandheadingwestthroughtheGreatWall,theprojectis____44____(probable)thebiggestchallengeever.Itsdesignerssaythattheexplosionsneededtodigthetunnelswillnothaveanegativeeffectonthestructure.Therailwaylinehasa____45____(long)of174kmasadoubletrackpassageline,withtenstationsalongitsroute.Enjoying____46____totalinvestmentof31.17billionyuan,thetrainwilltravelasfastas300km/h,____47____thetripbetweenthetwocitieswillonlytake40minutes.Accordingtotheplan,thehighspeedrailwaywillhavetwobranch____48____(line)—oneistoYanqingStation,theotheristoTaizichengofChongli,wheretheOlympicvillagelies.Thefullrailway,____49____(include)a70kilometersectionthroughBeijing,_____50_____(plete)infourandahalfyears.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。HealthLadiesandgentlemen,I’mhonortosharethetopic“health”withyou.Asanoldsayinggo,healthisabovewealth.Youmustfeelthesameway.Withouthealth,wecan’tachievethatwesetouttodo.Withhealth,howcanwecatchupwiththerapidlychangedworld?Inbrief,healthisanything.Tokeephealth,weshouldhaveabalanceddietandformgoodlivinghabits.Inaddition,weshouldalsotakeonenoughexerciseandkeepagoodstateofmind.Inconclusion,Ipersonalbelieveahealthylifeisthesourceofhappiness.Solet’skeepeyeonourhealthandenjoyahealthylife.Thankyou.第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52.假定你是李華，你的英國筆友David來信說他在