貴州省銅仁市2021年中考英語(yǔ)真題卷（含答案與解析）

銅仁市2021年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)（升學(xué)）統(tǒng)一考試

英語(yǔ)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前務(wù)必將姓名、準(zhǔn)備考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡規(guī)定的位置。

2.答題時(shí)，卷I（客觀題）部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂答題卡上的答題框;卷n（主觀題）部分

必須使用0.5毫米的黑色簽字筆將答案書(shū)寫(xiě)于答題卡上各小題規(guī)定的位置。

3.所有題目必須在答題卡規(guī)定的位置作答，否則無(wú)效。

4.本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘，

5.考試結(jié)來(lái)后，將試題都和答題卡一并上交。

卷I

聽(tīng)力測(cè)試（30分）

聽(tīng)力I

溫馨提示：聽(tīng)力I共四個(gè)部分，分別聽(tīng)完這四部分的材料后，先將各部分的試題卷I上選做出

來(lái)，等包括聽(tīng)力n在內(nèi)的聽(tīng)力材料全部結(jié)束后，再將答題卡上與各小題的所選答案對(duì)應(yīng)的答題

框涂黑。

I.聽(tīng)五個(gè)利字，選擇與所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容相符的圖片，并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其字母序號(hào)涂黑。每個(gè)

句子讀兩遍。（5分）

II.聽(tīng)五個(gè)句子,分別選擇其相應(yīng)的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)，并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其字母序號(hào)涂黑。每個(gè)句

子讀兩遍。（5分）

6.A.Fortwoweeks.B.Inaweek.C.Justnow.

7.A.Ifs$15.00B.Ifs15kilos.C.Ifs15kilometers.

8.A.Idon'thaveanynewspapers.B.Ididn'tseeit.C.No,Ihaven't.

9.A.Thanks,IwillB.Enjoyyourself.C.It'shardtosay.

10.A.You'relucky.B.That'stoobad.C.Soundsgreat.

ni.聽(tīng)五段對(duì)話(huà)，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容及各題的問(wèn)題選擇正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其字母序號(hào)

涂黑。每段對(duì)話(huà)讀兩遍。（5分）

11.Howmuchwillthewomansaveifshebuysfourcapsofthiskind?

A.Twentyyuan.B.Fortyyuan.C.Sixtyyuan.

12.Whattimeisitnow?

A.It's10:50a.m.B.It's10:40a.m.C.It's10:30a.m.

13.Whenistheman'sbirthday?

A.September9th.B.September10th.C.September11th.

14.Whosenovelisthis?

A.IfsMaria,B.It'sJane'sC.It'sTim's

15.Howmanypeoplewenttothecinema?

A.OneB.TwoC.Three

w.聽(tīng)一篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所提問(wèn)題選擇正確答案，并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其字母序號(hào)

涂黑。短文讀兩遍。（5分）

16.WhencanwegoacrossTheroad?

A.Thelightisred.B.ThelightisyellowC.Onlywhenweseegreenttwalk^^sign.

17.Howmanypiecesofadvicearementionedoncrossingthestreet?

A.TwoB.ThreeC.Four

18.Howcanwekeepsafewhenwearewalkingonthestreet?

A.Wemustcrosswhenweseetheredwalksign.

B.Wemustfollowthetrafficrules

CWecanjustlookleftandrunquickly

19.Accordingtothenewtrafficlaws,whatwillhappentousifwecrossthestreetwhenthelightisred?

AWecanbefined.B.Wewillloseourlives.C.Thepolicewillhelpus.

20.WhichisNOTtruefromthepassage?

A.Wecanplayonthestreetfreely.

B.It'snicetohelpchildrenandoldpeoplecrossthestreet.

C.Everyyearmanypeoplegethurtorlosetheirlivesintrafficaccidents.

溫馨提示：聽(tīng)力n（io分）

本部分試題在卷n（71-75小題）。

綜合運(yùn)用（40分）

I.單項(xiàng)選擇（15分）

從下列各題所給的選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D中選擇能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡的相

應(yīng)位置將其涂黑。

1.一Thesunshinesbrightly,you'dbettertakeumbrellawhenyougoout.

一OK.It'susefulsuggestion.

A.an;theB.a;theC.an;aD.a;an

【答案】C

2.—Youhaveanicehouse!Whoseroomisthis?

—Ifs.

A.JackandPeter'sB.Jack'sandPeter'sC.Jack'sandPeterD.JackandPeter

【答案】A

3.一Thisdressistoolong,pleasegivemeone.

一Sure,madam.Givebacktomeandtryonthisone.

A.other;oneB.other;itC.another;itD.another;one

【答案】c

4.—What'stheweatherliketoday?

—Ifsaday.It'sheavilynow.

A.raining;rainyB.rainy;rainingC.rainy;rainyD.raining;raining

【答案】B

5.—Mike,canyoutellmethemeaningoftheletters"KIT”?

一Don'tyouknowthat?They"keepintouch”.

A.searchforB.askforC.lookforD.standfor

【答案】D

6.一Doyouknowtheboyhandwritingwonthefirstinthecompetition?

——Oh,heisWangWei,ourmonitor.

A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which

【答案】B

7.—Hasyourfathercomebackyet?

—No.HecomebackthisSunday.

A.doesn't;untilB.won't;afterC.doesn't;afterD.won't;until

【答案】D

8.—Look!Therearesomestudentsbasketballontheplayground.

一Yes.Ioftenseethembasketballthere.

A.play;playB.play;playingC.playing;playD.playing;playing

【答案】C

9.—MustIwashmyclothesatonce,mom?

一No,you.Youwashthembefore5:00p.m.

A.needn't;mayB.mustn't;mayC.needn't;needD.mustn't;must

【答案】A

10.—AlthoughZhongNanshanknowsCOVID-19ismoretooldpeople,hecareslittleforhis

ownsafety.

一Heistheprideofus.Weallrespecthim.

A.danger;butB.dangerous;/C.dangerous;butD.danger;/

【答案】B

11.一MissLiu,canyoutellme?

一Wegettogethertoenjoythemoonandeatmooncakes.

A.whydoyouliketheChineseNewYearbest

B.howdoyoucelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival

C.howChinesepeoplecelebratetheChineseNewYear

D.whatChinesepeopledoontheMid-AutumnFestival

【答案】D

12.一LiTao,therewillbeabigconcertinourcitynextmonth.

-Oh,excitingnews!

A.whataB.howaC.whatD.how

【答案】C

13.-TaiwanliesthesoutheastofChina,anditistheeastofFujian.

——OK,Iwanttovisititsomeday.

A.in;toB.on;toC.to;inD.to;on

【答案】A

14.—WhyhaveIneverseenthiskindofmobilephone?

一BecauseitbyHuaweilastmonth.

A.wasproducedB.wouldproducedC.hasproducedD.areproduced

【答案】A

15.Therearefloorsinthisbuilding.Helivesonthefloor.

A.thirty;nineB.thirtieth;nineC.thirtieth;ninthD.thirty;ninth

【答案】D

n.完形填空（io分）

閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從短文后各題所給的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最

佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其涂黑。

WhatdoyouknowaboutMars?Whatdoesitlooklike?

Marsisthefourthplanetfromthesuninoursolarsystemandis16afterMars,theRomangodof

war.17diameter（直徑）is53%as18asthatoftheearth.Marsgoesaroundthesunata

distanceofabout228millionkilometers.Youcantell19planetisMarsbecauseitisbrightredinthe

nightsky.It20likearedandorangeball.It'sverybeautiful.Butduringspringandsummer,thesurface

ofMarsiscovered2jstrongstorms.ThegravityonthesurfaceofMarsisabout22asstrong

asitisonearth.Soapersonwhoweighs90kilosonearthweighsonly36kilosonMars.ThetemperatureonMarsis

23-138℃and28℃.Theairhasonly0.13%oxygen.

Ittakesaspaceshipabouteightmonthsto24Marsfromtheearthwhenthetwoplanetsare

25toeachother.ScientistsarestillsearchingformoreinformationaboutMars.

16.A.nameB.namedC.names

17.A.ItB.IfsC.Its

18.A.wideB.widelyC.wider

19.A.thatB.whichC.what

20.A.beB.isC.looks

21.A.byB.inC.of

22.A.two-fifthB.two-fifthsC.twofifth

23.A.amongB.duringC.between

24.A.reachB.getC.arrive

25.A.close氏closerC.closest

【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.B20.C21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C

ni.情景交際（15分）

（i）從n欄中找出與i欄相對(duì)應(yīng)的答語(yǔ),并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其涂黑。（5分）

III

26_Wouldyouliketohaveapicnicwithme?A.Sorry,heisbusynow.

27_Ihaveaheadache.B.Ioftengofishing.

28_Whatdoyoudoinyoursparetime?C.Sure,rdloveto.

29_WelcometoTongren!D.Fmsorrytohearthat.

30_MayIspeaktoDoctorLi?E.Thankyou.

【答案】26.C27.D28.B29.E30.A

(2)從文后選擇能填入對(duì)話(huà)空白處的適當(dāng)選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其涂黑。(10分)

Kangkang:Whyareyouunhappytoday,Tony?

Tony:31It'shardformetoteamChinese.Couldyouhelpmewithit?

Kangkang:Yes,I'dloveto.32

Tony:33

Kangkang:Don'tbeshy.Youshouldbebraveandbelieveinyourself.Ifnecessary,justtakeadeepbreathandsmile

beforespeaking.You'dbetterspeakChineseasoftenaspossible.

Tony:Really?I'Htrythatway.34

Kangkang:IoftenreadChinesestoriesandnovels.Ifsagoodwaytoreadaloudorretellapassageyourselfto

practicemore.

Tony:35ButTmstill...

Kangkang:Cheerup.Youcandoagoodjob.

Tony:OK,Fildoasyousaidandnevergiveup.

A.What'syourproblem?

B.IdidbadlyintheChineseexam.

C.First,I'malwaysafraidofspeakingChineseinpublic.

D.Thankyouforyouradvice.

E.Then,howdoyouimproveyourreading?

【答案】31.B32.A33.C34.E35.D

閱讀理解（40分）

1.閱讀理解（20分）

閱讀i和ii兩篇材料，從每小題所給的選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案,并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其涂黑。

WelcometoOurAfter-schoolActivities

MusicLesson

FoodFestival

Wanttobecomehappyinlife?

Wanttoenjoyvariousfood?

Wanttoenjoybeautifulsongs?

Wanttojoininourfoodfestival?

Musiclessons

Deliciousfood

(guitar,violin,pianoanddrums)

(pizza,sushi,curries,firedrice)

Place:TrainingRoom304,SchoolGym

Place:SchoolDiningHall

Time:8:30a.m—10:30a.m.everySaturday

Time:11:00a.m一5:00p.m.Sunday,May16th

Cometowww.mclub.comtolearnmore!

MovieNight

PEClub

Wanttospendawonderfulevening?

Pleasecomeandjoinus!

Pleasecomeandwatchit.

Makeyourschoollifecolorful!

Place:SchoolHall

Place:SchoolPlayground

Day:Saturdayevening

Day:Saturday~Sunday

Time:6:00p.m.一11:10p.m.

Time:5:00p.m.―6:00p.m.

Movies

OutdoorActivities

(WolfWar16:00p.m.—8:10p.m.)

(basketball,football,volleyball,running...)

(Hi,Mom8:30p.m—11:10p.m)

36.Whencanyouhavethemusiclessons?

A.8:30p.m.一10:30p.m.B.6:00p.m一11:10p.m.

C.11:00a.m.—5:00p.m.D.8:30a.m.—10:30a.m.

37.WherecanyouenjoydeliciousfoodonSunday?

A.SchoolPlayground.B.SchoolDiningHall.C.SchoolGym.D.SchoolHall.

38.Youarefondofoutdooractivities,youcanchoose.

A.PEClubB.MusicLessonC.FoodFestivalD.MovieNight

39.Astudentcanjoinintheseleisureactivitiesintheschool.

A.onweekdaysB.fromMondaytoThursdayC.atweekendsD.on

Friday

40.Whatsubjectsarementionedintheafter-schoolactivities?

A.ArtandMusic.B.PEandArt.C.PEandMusic.D.PE,ArtandMusic.

【答案】36.D37.B38.A39.C40.C

DoyouknowwhichsocialappChineseyoungpeopleusealotnow?”Shortvideos,,arecertainlythemost

popular.SomeusersuseTikTokandKuaishou.Theythinkitisfuntoshareshortvideosabouttheirlives,while

othershaveotherpurposesaswell.

A12-year-oldusercalledElsahasabout2.7millionfansonTikTok.Thegirlhassharedvideosabouther

dancingstudiessincelastJuly.Oneofthevideoswonheraboutonemillionfans."Ifeelreallygladtosharehappiness

withpeoplebyshortvideosJsaidElsa.

Assomevideosareaboutthelatestnews,agroupofusersdependonthemtogetinformation.Tosomeother

users,theyhaveadifferentpurpose,"BecauseIcan'tspendmanyhourswatchingawholevideoandI'mnotavery

patientperson.Idon'tlikewaitingforaprogramtoend.Iprefertowatchshortvideosofwonderfulpartsin

program.^^saidWangZhihao.

However,someyoungChinesefeelboredwithsomeshortvideos."Killingtimeisthemainreasonformeto

watchtheshortvideos,butmanyarealmostthesame,soIthinkitisawasteoftime.What'smore,Ireallydon'tlike

thevideoswhichshowoddevendangerousthings,“saidWenNan,anothercollegestudent.

Recently,somethingelsehashappened.Somevideosaretellingpeoplewhatproductsareworthbuying.But

aftertheybuytheproducts,theymayregretsoon,Sotheyshouldthinktwice.Someshortvideosevensellbad

products,butthesesellerswon'tletyougetyourmoneyback.

41.HowdoesElsafeelwhenshehasmorethanonemillionfans?

A.SurprisedB.LuckyC.HappyD.Frightened

42.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,weknowthat.

A.usersspendmanyhourswatchingawholevideo

B.userssharevideoswithfriends

C.allthevideosareaboutthelatestnews

D.userschoosetowatchpartsofvideosbecausetheydon'thavetoomuchtime

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“odd"inparagraph4meaninChinese?

A.奇怪的B.非法的C.合理的D.開(kāi)心的

44.Thispassageismostprobablyfrom

A.asciencebookB.atravelguideC.aculturalmagazineD.afictionnovel

45.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Tointroducehowtomakeshortvideos.

B.Toexplaintheimportanceofusingshortvideos.

C.Toshowthedifferentpuiposesofusingshortvideos.

D.Todiscussthemethodsofusingshortvideos.

【答案】41.C42.D43.A44.C45.C

II.閱讀判斷（10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷文后小題句子的正（A）或誤（B）,并在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置將其涂黑。

Friendshipandkindnessgohandinhand.Afriendshipcanlastforeverwhenfriendsarekindtoeachother.

Peopleusuallybecomefriendsbecausetheyhavesomethingincommon.Theysharemanyofthesameinterests

andliketobetogether.Itiseasytobeafriendwheneverythingisgoinggreat,butatruefriendisonewhosticks

aroundinboththegoodtimesandthebad.Agoodfriendwillcheeryouupwhenyouarehavingabadday.Showa

friendyoucare.Asktheotherperson,44WhatcanIdotohelpyou?”andbegladtodoit.

Listentoyourfriends.Behonest.Tellthemwhatiswrongiftheyhavehurtyou.Sendacard,givethemalittle

presentorcallthemonthephonejusttosay“Ivalueourfriendship”.Helpwheneverandwhereveryoucan.Good

friendshipsarenoteasytodevelop,butafriendshipcanlastforeverifyouareloyal（忠誠(chéng)的）andsincere.Ifyouare

afriendtoothers,theywillusuallybeafriendtoyou,Friendsmakelifebetter.

46.Thepassagetellsusthatfriendshipandkindnessarecloselyconnected.

47.Peoplebecomefriendsbecauseofsharingthedifferentinterestsandlikingtobetogether.

48.Atruefriendwillstickaroundwhenyouarehavingabadday.

49.Afriendshipcanlastforeverwhenyouarekind,loyalandsincere.

50.Goodfriendshipshavedevelopedeasilyandfriendsmakelifebetter.

【答案】46.A47.B

48.B49.A

50.B

卷n

聽(tīng)力n（io分）

聽(tīng)一篇短文，根據(jù)所聽(tīng)到的短文內(nèi)從填寫(xiě)表格，每空一詞,答案書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡卷n各小題規(guī)定的

位置。短文讀兩遍。

CraigKielburgerandhisorganization

What'sthenameofthe71theChildren.

Organization?

Whendidtheystarti?WhenCraigKielburgerwas72yearsold.

APsmeboykilled?Becausehefoughtforthe73ofchildren

Theyhavebuilt74700schoolsandschoolrooms.Theyhavealso

Whathavetheydone?

providedcleanwater,healthcaretoonemillionpeople75theworld.

山.任務(wù)型閱讀（10分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成文后表格中小題（每空一詞）答案務(wù)必另書(shū)寫(xiě)于答題卡卷n

各小題規(guī)定的位置。

Paper-cuttingisafamousfolkartwithalonghistoryinChina.Itwasusedduringfestivalstodecorategatesand

windows.Afterhundredsofyears'development,ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.Themaincutting

toolsaren'tcomplex（復(fù)雜的）：paperandscissorsoraknife,butcleverandskilledpaper-cuttingartists,canmake

verybeautifulartworks.Chinesepaper-cuttingworkshavethesefeatures—"Flowerinflower,themeintheme.^^This

meanssmallerpicturesandstoriesarehiddenintheworks.Youwillbeamazedbythewonderfuldesignswhenyou

lookattheirpaper-cuttingworkscarefully.ThroughChinesepaper-cutting,peopleexpresstheirbestwishes.

Paper-cutting

1.Paper-cuttingwasusedduring5jtodecorategatesandwindows.

2.Afterhundredsofyeas'52ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.

3.Themaincuttingtoolsare53:paperandscissororaknife.

4.Thismeanssmallerpicturesandstoriesare54intheworks.

5.1fyoulookattheirpaper-cuttingworks55,you511besurprisedbythewonderfuldesigns.

【答案】51.festivals

52.development

53.simple54.hidden

55.carefully

書(shū)面表達(dá)（40分）

I.單詞拼寫(xiě)（io分）

i.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)完成句子。答案書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡卷n各小題規(guī)定的位置。

56.Thisisthe（第三）timethatIhavebeeninGuiyang.

【答案】third

57.Myparentsdon't（允許）metohangoutwithfriendsatnight.

【答案】allow

58.Thereisno（疑惑）thatwedidtherightthings

【答案】doubt

59.Sheis（自豪的）thatherdaughterhassomuchtalent.

【答案】proud

60.Lucyhaslearnedtomanagetimeby（她自己）sincelastterm.

【答案】herself

ii?根據(jù)句意和空缺處所給首字母寫(xiě)單詞。答案書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡卷n各小題規(guī)定的位置。

61.It'simportantfbrustokeephealthyeatingh.

【答案】（h）abits

62.I'mgoingtovisittheForbiddenCitythissummerv.

【答案】（v）acation

63.Shehasrherdreamofbecomingadoctor.

【答案】（r）ealized

64.Asasayingsays,"Practicemakesp?”

【答案】（p）erfect

65.O1stisNationalDayofthePRC.

【答案】（O）ctober

n.短文改錯(cuò)（io分）

下列短文的劃線部分是錯(cuò)誤的,請(qǐng)改正，并將其正確答案書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡卷u各小題規(guī)定的位置。

LiBai'swritingshaveinfluencedthelivesofmillions

HewasanfamouscharacterinChineseliterature.66

HeisconsideringtobeoneofthebestromanticpoetsinChina.67

Hewasbornontheyear701A.D.HelivedduringtheTangdynasty.68

Inherlifetime,hewrotealotofpoetry.69

Mostofhispoemarefullofimaginationandcreactivity.70

Morethan900ofhispoemswerestillreadtoday.71

StillNightThoughtswaswrittenforhim.72

Itiseasytounderstandandverymoved.73

Itexpressesthefeelingsofthemanwhichisfarawayfromhis74

hometown.MostChinesechildrencanreciteitverygood.75

【答案】66.a67.considered

68.in69,his

70.poems71.are

72.by73.moving

74.who75.well

m.寫(xiě)作（20分）

76.百年建黨之際，銅仁市各個(gè)學(xué)校都在開(kāi)展愛(ài)國(guó)愛(ài)黨主題教育活動(dòng)。假設(shè)你是張華，將參加你們學(xué)校

舉行的英語(yǔ)演講比賽慶祝黨的生日，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容提示及要求，以“Howtobearesponsiblestudent”為題

寫(xiě)一篇演講稿，談?wù)勅绾巫鲆粋€(gè)有作為、有責(zé)任感的學(xué)生。

要求：

1.80詞左右，開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾已給，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

2.句子通順，語(yǔ)意連貫，符合邏輯；

3.包含所有提示內(nèi)容，但不要逐句翻譯，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；

4.書(shū)寫(xiě)正確規(guī)范，卷面整潔。

提示：

1.愛(ài)國(guó)愛(ài)黨，有理想，誠(chéng)實(shí)守信，善良感恩；

2.努力學(xué)習(xí)，樹(shù)立節(jié)約意識(shí)，不要浪費(fèi)（如:食物，紙張，水電等）；

3.保持身心健康，多參加課外活動(dòng)和體育鍛煉；

4.熱愛(ài)自然，保護(hù)環(huán)境，不亂扔垃圾，愛(ài)護(hù)動(dòng)植物。

參考詞匯keepone'spromise,bethankfultosb,setthemindofsaving

Boysandgirls,

JulylslwillbeourParty's100thbirthday.Asteenagers,wearethefutureofourmotherland.Wehaveasenseof

dutytomakeourcountrymoreandmorepowerful.Whatshouldwedotobearesponsible

student?

Thanksfbrlistening!

【答案】例文：

Boysandgirls,

July1"willbeourParty's1OOthbirthday.Asteenagers,wearethefutureofourmotherland.Wehaveasenseof

dutytomakeourcountrymoreandmorepowerful.Whatshouldwedotobearesponsiblestudent?

Firstofall,wemustloveourcountryandhome.Weshouldhaveourowndreams.Andweshouldalsokeepour

promiseandbethankfultothepeoplewhohelpus.Secondly,weshouldworkhardandbecreativeinstudy.We

shouldsetthemindofsavingandnotwastefood,paper,waterandsoon.Next,

exercisecanmakeusstrongandconfident.Weshoulddomoreexerciseandkeephealthy.Afterthat,weshouldlove

nature.Weshoulddoourbesttoprotecttheenvironment.Weshouldn'tthrowlittereverywhere,andweshouldlove

animalsandplants.Ifwepayattentiontothenature,wewillfindthebeautyeverywhere.

Allinall,ifweshowourloveinourdailylife,wecanbeanythingwewant.

Thanksfbrlistening!

銅仁市2021年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)（升學(xué)）統(tǒng)一考試

理科綜合試題（化學(xué)部分）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名'準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼貼在答

題卡指定位置。

2.答題時(shí)，選擇題答案，用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題答案，用

0.5亳米黑色墨水簽字筆，直接寫(xiě)在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。答案答在試題卷上無(wú)效。

3.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

一、選擇題（本題共9小題，每小題2分，共18分。每小題只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合題意，請(qǐng)將正

確選項(xiàng)的序號(hào)涂黑）

1.物理變化、化學(xué)變化是生活中的常見(jiàn)現(xiàn)象，下列屬于化學(xué)變化的是

A.氣球爆炸B.菜刀生銹C.水蒸發(fā)D.玻璃破碎

2.生活中的下列物質(zhì)前者屬于純凈物，后者屬于單質(zhì)的是

A.水泥、鎂B,食鹽、干冰C,硫酸亞鐵、金剛石D.空氣、”

3.規(guī)范的實(shí)驗(yàn)操作是完成實(shí)驗(yàn)的基本保證，下列實(shí)驗(yàn)操作正確的是

4.化學(xué)與生活息息相關(guān)，下列有關(guān)敘述錯(cuò)誤的是

A.食醋可除去水壺底部的水垢

B.墻內(nèi)開(kāi)花墻外香，說(shuō)明分子是不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)的

C.新冠病毒疫苗在運(yùn)輸和保存過(guò)程中都要冷藏，以防蛋白質(zhì)變性

D.合成材料應(yīng)用和發(fā)展豐富了人類(lèi)的生活，純羊毛衫是用有機(jī)合成材料制成的

5.下列有關(guān)說(shuō)法正確的是

A.化學(xué)反應(yīng)的實(shí)質(zhì)是分子的重新組合

B.人體所需的微量元素只能用藥物補(bǔ)充

C.人體胃液正常的pH在0.97.5,如果出現(xiàn)異常，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病

D.自來(lái)水廠在凈化水過(guò)起中，向水中加入明帆能除去水中的異味和色素

6.下列有關(guān)化學(xué)反應(yīng)的相關(guān)說(shuō)法正確的是

A.鐵與稀硫酸反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式為：2Fe+3H2sO”=Fez(S04)3+3H2T

占燃

B.鐵在氧氣中燃燒化學(xué)方程式為：3Fe+202^Fe304

C.中和反應(yīng)在生活生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用廣泛，有鹽和水生成的反應(yīng)一定是中和反應(yīng)

D.燃燒一定是可燃物與氧氣發(fā)生的一種發(fā)光發(fā)熱的劇烈的氧化反應(yīng)

7.現(xiàn)有幾種生活中常見(jiàn)的物質(zhì)：①葡萄糖；②甲烷；③一氧化碳；④酚醛塑料；⑤白棉花；⑥氯化鈉；⑦

淀粉；⑧氧氣，其中全部屬于無(wú)機(jī)物的是

A.①③⑧B.②④⑧C.③⑥⑧D.③⑤⑦

8.下列實(shí)驗(yàn)方案設(shè)計(jì)不合理的是

選項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康膶?shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)

A除去FeCL溶液中少量的CuCL加入過(guò)量的鐵粉，過(guò)濾

B除去CuO中少量的碳粉加水溶解，過(guò)濾

分別取少量固體于試管中，加水溶解，

C鑒別NaOH固體和岫忸固體

觸摸試管底部

分別取少試樣于試管中，同試管中滴

D鑒別KOH溶液和CaCL溶液

加的酚配溶液

A.AB.BC.CD.D

9.下圖是KC1、KN。?兩種固體物質(zhì)的溶解度曲線，下列說(shuō)法正確的是

溶解度g

A.KNO3的溶解度大于KCI的溶解度

B.t「C時(shí)KN03的溶解度是70

C.在t「C時(shí)，100gKN03飽和溶液和100gKCI飽和溶液，KCI飽和溶液中的溶劑質(zhì)量大于KNOs飽和溶液中的

溶劑質(zhì)量

D.在t/C時(shí)，欲使KNO3、KCI兩種物質(zhì)的溶液分別降到t℃時(shí)，析出晶體的質(zhì)量KCI一定小于KNOs

二、填空題（共4個(gè)小題，每空1分，共17分。請(qǐng)將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上、）

10.化學(xué)在生產(chǎn)、生活中應(yīng)用廣泛?，F(xiàn)有下列物質(zhì)：

①硅②碳酸鈣③木炭④黃金⑤生石灰⑥不銹鋼

請(qǐng)選擇合適的物質(zhì)填空（填序號(hào)）：

（1）可用作食品干燥劑的是;

（2）可用于除去新轎車(chē)?yán)锏漠愇兜氖?

（3）主要用于制備醫(yī)療器械、炊具的是；

(4)地殼中元素含量排第二，且大量用于生產(chǎn)計(jì)算機(jī)芯片的是。

11.根據(jù)下列原子結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖及原子在周期表中的相關(guān)信息，回答下列問(wèn)題:

(1)請(qǐng)你畫(huà)出氮原子結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖______;

(2)過(guò)氧化氫(HA)能殺菌消毒，HQ,中氧元素的化合價(jià)是；

(3)鋁的應(yīng)用很廣泛，在高溫下，鋁與三氧化二銘反應(yīng)可置換出金屬銘(Cr),寫(xiě)出該反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式

(4)氨氣是一種重要的化工原料，如下圖是氮?dú)夂蜌錃夥磻?yīng)生成氨氣的微觀示意圖:

■?Q)催化劑r

?氮

cQ高溫圖壓

coO氨

①請(qǐng)寫(xiě)出此反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式

②氨氣分子中氮原子與氫原子的質(zhì)量比為

12.根據(jù)要求回答下列問(wèn)題：

(1)生活中區(qū)別硬水與軟水常用;

(2)電解水的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，H?與02的體積比約為；

(3)酒精(CH0H)在空氣中完全燃燒的化學(xué)方程式為；

(4)現(xiàn)有+2N。/="+2Na8r、Ck+2NaBr=Bi'+ZNaCl兩個(gè)反應(yīng),其反應(yīng)規(guī)律和金屬與鹽溶

液的置換反應(yīng)類(lèi)似，則BQ、CL、L三種非金屬活動(dòng)性順序由大到小為o

13.A~G是初中化學(xué)常見(jiàn)物質(zhì)，下圖所示是它們之間轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系。其中：A為紅棕色固體，F(xiàn)是黃色溶液，B為

單質(zhì)，A與B或C反應(yīng)都能生成D和E,B或C與單質(zhì)甲反應(yīng)都能生成E,部分反應(yīng)物、生成物、反應(yīng)條

件省略。請(qǐng)回答下列問(wèn)題：

+單質(zhì)甲

|f

+單質(zhì)甲

(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢驗(yàn)E的方法為

(2)0與甲反應(yīng)的現(xiàn)象為；

（3）寫(xiě)出A與G反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式；

（4）寫(xiě)出A與C反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式。

三,簡(jiǎn)答題（共2個(gè)小題，每小題3分，共6分。請(qǐng)將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上、）

14.國(guó)家出臺(tái)了“鄉(xiāng)村振興計(jì)劃”，讓農(nóng)民富起來(lái)。

（1）農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)需要肥料，現(xiàn)有:A.Ca3（POD2B.K2S040.尿素［CO（NH2）JD.NH4HCO3E.KNO3,

其中屬于氮肥且含氮量最高的是（填字母）：不能與堿性物質(zhì)混合使用的是（填字母）。

（2）在發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)時(shí)，要踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，請(qǐng)你提出一條合理的建議：o

15.北京3號(hào)衛(wèi)星于2021年6月11日發(fā)射成功，該衛(wèi)星主要用于資源調(diào)查和環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)。實(shí)驗(yàn)室用氯酸

鉀和MnO2（MnO,作催化劑）反應(yīng)制取氧氣，為了不造成資源浪費(fèi)和環(huán)境污染，對(duì)完全反應(yīng)后的固體進(jìn)行回收,

請(qǐng)寫(xiě)出具體的實(shí)驗(yàn)操作步驟。

四'實(shí)驗(yàn)與探究題（共2個(gè)小題，每空1分，共13分。請(qǐng)將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)置上、）

16.根據(jù)下列圖示實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置，回答有關(guān)問(wèn)題。

（2）實(shí)驗(yàn)室制取。2的反應(yīng)原理為（用化學(xué)方程式表示），你選擇的發(fā)生裝置______（填字母）。

（3）實(shí)驗(yàn)室制取CO2的反應(yīng)原理（用化學(xué)方程式表示），制得的W中通常含有少量的HCI和水蒸氣,

若要制取干燥純凈的C0”正確的裝置鏈接順序是（填字母），飽和NaHCOs溶液的作用是（用

化學(xué)方程式表示）。

（4）將CO2通入紫色石蕊溶液中，溶液變紅原因

17.金屬、酸、堿、鹽在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用廣泛，某化學(xué)興趣小組進(jìn)行相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

（1）探究不同條件下金屬銅與硫酸反應(yīng)的情況如下：

組別①②③④

H2SO4質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)20%98%20%98%

反應(yīng)條件常溫常溫加熱加熱

反應(yīng)現(xiàn)象無(wú)現(xiàn)象無(wú)現(xiàn)象無(wú)現(xiàn)象溶液變藍(lán)，有氣泡產(chǎn)生

A

上表④發(fā)生反應(yīng)方程式為：Cu+2HzS0,（濃）=CuS04+2H20+Xt?X的化學(xué)式為；硫酸銅溶液中的陰離

子是（寫(xiě)離子符號(hào)），從上述對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)中，你對(duì)銅與硫酸反應(yīng)有什么新的認(rèn)識(shí)o

（2）實(shí)驗(yàn)室欲配制40g質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為5%的NaCOs溶液，應(yīng)選擇（10mL、50mL、100mL）的量筒來(lái)量取水

的體積。

（3）現(xiàn)有下列BaCL、K2cO3、NaOH三種溶液，請(qǐng)你選擇一種常見(jiàn)試劑鑒別這三種溶液，寫(xiě)出相關(guān)化學(xué)方程

式、。

五、計(jì)算題（本題包括1個(gè)小題，共6分。請(qǐng)將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上、）

18.綠色環(huán)保是未來(lái)工業(yè)發(fā)展的方向，我市鎰礦資源豐