語言學Unit3Conversion市公開課一等獎省賽課微課金獎課件

Unit3Conversion

詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯ByPYSH11/35I.DefinitionAsoneofthecommonlyadoptedtranslationtechniques,conversionmeansthechangeofpartsofspeechintranslation.OwingtothedifferencesinbothsyntacticalstructuresandidiomaticexpressionsbetweenEnglishandChinese,itisusuallyimpossibleforatranslatortokeeptotheoriginalpartofspeechintheprocessoftranslation.Certainpartsofspeech,therefore,intheoriginaloftenhastobeconvertedintoothers.22/35II.ClassificationofconversionConversioncanbedividedinto5types:ConvertingintoVerbsConvertingintonounsConvertingintoadjectivesConvertingintoadverbsConvertingintosentenceelements

33/35ConvertingintoVerbs

英語和漢語比較起來，漢語中動詞用得比較多。往往在英語句子中只用一個謂語動詞，而在漢語中卻能夠幾個動詞或動詞性結(jié)構(gòu)連用。44/35Familiesupstairshavetocarrypailstothehydrantdownstairsforwater.

住在樓上人家得提著水桶去樓下水龍頭打水。Heisgoingtothemarketforanox,whichwouldhelphimwiththeworkinthefieldssothathecouldearnenoughmoneyforawife.他打算趕集買頭牛幫他種地掙夠錢娶媳婦。55/351.1Nounsintoverbs

①.Nounsderivedfromaverbapplication;solution;establishment②.Nounsimplyinganactionsight;thought;glance③.Nounswithasuffix-er(-or)swimmer;chain-smoker66/35ExamplesAglancethroughhisofficewindowoffersapanoramic[,p?n?’r?mik]全景viewoftheWashingtonMonumentandtheLincolnMemorial.從他辦公室窗口能夠一眼看到華盛頓紀念碑和林肯紀念館全景。IamafraidIcan'tteachyouswimming.IthinkmylittlebrotherisabetterteacherthanI.我恐怕不能教你游泳。我以為我弟弟比我教得好。77/35ForWesternersinChina,theestablishmentofaneffectiveteamofmanagersmeansattractingandretainingbothexpatriateandlocalmanagementtalent.對于在中國西方人來說，建立一支有效管理團體意味著既要吸引又要留住來自海外管理人才和本土管理人才。建立人工林establishmentofplantations88/351.2Prepositionsintoverbs"Coming!"Awaysheskimmedoverthelawn,upthepath,upthesteps,acrosstheveranda,andintotheporch.“來啦！”她蹦著跳著地跑了，越過草地，跑上小徑，跨上臺階，穿過涼臺，進了門廊。99/35ThecountryhasrefusedtoheedthelegitimateappealoftheUnitedNationsforco-operation.該國無視聯(lián)合國要求合作正當呼吁。Ibarreledstraightahead,

across

theharborandout

over

thesea.我筆直向前高速飛行，越過港口，飛臨海面。1010/35Thestreetrunswestward,acrossagreatbridge,downahillandupagain,bylittleshopsandmeat-markets,pastsingle-storiedhomes,untilsuddenlyitstopsagainstawidegreenlawn.這條大街向西而去，跨過一座大橋，延伸下坡后又上坡，經(jīng)過了幾家店鋪和肉市，又越過了幾幢平房，最終在一片開闊綠草坪前突然到了盡頭。Trainingasasalespersonwouldguaranteehersomeemploymentonceherschoolingwasthrough.參加推銷員培訓就會確保她在學業(yè)完成以后能找到工作做。1111/351.3Adjectivesintoverbs

英語中表示知覺、情感、欲望等心理狀態(tài)形容詞，在系動詞后用作表語時，往往可轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞。如：confident,certain,careful,cautious,angry,sure,ignorant,afraid,doubtful,aware,concerned,glad,delighted,sorry,ashamed,thankful,anxious等。比如：Bothofthesubstancesaresolubleinwater.兩種物質(zhì)都溶于水。1212/351.4Adverbsintoverbs

--aspartofpredicate

Wisely,youmadenoattempttohavetheseproblemsdiscussedbytheGeneralAssembly,believingthattheyshouldbedealtwithelsewhere.你非常明智，沒有試圖讓大會討論這些問題，而認為應在其它場所處理。1313/35ConvertingintonounsVerbsconvertedintonounsAdjectivesintonounsAdverbsintonouns14廣東海洋大學翻譯網(wǎng)絡課件14/35Formalityhasalwayscharacterizedtheirrelationship.他們之間關系，有一個特點，就是以禮相待。2.1Verbsintonouns

Verbsderivedfromanoun

1515/35Tothem,hepersonifiedtheabsolutepower.在他們看來，他就是絕對權(quán)威化身。

InGreekmythology,loveispersonifiedbythegoddessAphrodite.在希臘神話中，阿佛洛苔蒂女神是愛化身。1616/352.2Adjectivesintonouns

Adjectiveswithadefinitearticle

Adjectivesexpressingcharacteristics

RobinHoodandhismerrymenhatedtherich,lovedandprotectedthepoor.羅賓漢和他搭檔們痛恨闊人，熱愛并保護窮人。Lackoftrustisverydestructiveinarelationship.缺乏信任對人際關系危害很大。1717/352.3Adverbsintonouns

ItwasofficiallyannouncedthattheyagreedonareplytotheSovietUnion.官方宣告，他們就給蘇聯(lián)復信一事取得了一致意見。Heis

physically

weakbut

mentally

sound.他即使身體虛弱，不過心智健全。1818/35Theimagemustbedimensionallycorrect.圖形尺寸必須正確。ThepapersaideditoriallythatMcMillanhasstolenthewesternleadershipduringDulles’absence.這家報紙社論說，麥克米蘭企業(yè)在杜勒斯臥病期間竊走了西方領導權(quán)。1919/353.ConvertingintoadjectivesNounsconvertedintoadjectivesAdverbsintoadjectives20廣東海洋大學翻譯網(wǎng)絡課件20/353.1Nounsintoadjectives◆①Nounsderivedfromanadj.---likeliness;flexibility◆②Nounswithanindefinitearticleusedasapredicate---afailure;asuccess,etc.2121/35ExamplesThepallorofherfaceindicatedclearlyhowshewasfeelingatthemoment.她蒼白臉色顯然表明了她那時情緒。Diligenceandintelligenceareofconsiderableimportancetoyoursuccess.勤奮和才智對你取得成功是頗為主要。2222/35HeknowsMaryverywellbysightandhadlongfeltaninterestinherbecauseofherbeauty.他認得瑪麗。因為瑪麗長得很漂亮，他早就對她一見鐘情了。Thesecurityandwarmthofthedestroyer’ssickbaywerewonderful.驅(qū)逐艦醫(yī)務室安全而溫暖，好極了。2323/353.2AdverbsintoadjectivesThecomputerischieflycharacterizedbyitsaccurateandquickcomputations.計算機主要特點是計算準確而快速。Ithinkdifferently.我想法和你不一樣。2424/35Convertingintoadverbs

NounsintoadverbsAdjectivesintoadverbs

25廣東海洋大學翻譯網(wǎng)絡課件25/35Whenhecatchesaglimpseofapotentialantagonist,hisinstinctistowinhimoverwithcharmandhumor.(he---BillClinton)只要一發(fā)覺有可能反對他人，他就本能地要用他魅力和風度將這人爭取過來。4.1Nounsintoadverbs2626/354.2Adjectivesintoadverbs

Canyougiveanaccuratetranslationofthesentence?你能確切地把這句話譯出來嗎？Thisisasheerlie.這純屬謊言。2727/355.Conversioninto

sentenceelementsConversionofNounsConversionofAdjectivesConversionofAdverbs2828/35Furtherdelaywouldcauseusgreaterlosses.假如再耽擱，我們將會蒙受更大損失Amanoflesscouragewouldnotdaretoworkinsideenemyheadquarters.假如是一個勇氣不足人，也不敢在敵人心臟里工作。2929/35Itwasapleasantuneventfulride.這次騎馬旅行令人愉快，沒出意外。HebecameapoorthirdintheEnglish-speakingcontest.他在英語演講比賽中得了第三名，其成績比第二名差了許多。3030/35Shewasexpensivelyspoiledfromthemomentofbirth.她從出生就一直受到溺愛，是一位用金錢堆起來“千金”。Heisadmittedlyreliable.他十分可靠，這是大家公認。3131/35III.Practice1.Thenextnewsbulletin,shorterthanusual,madenomentionofthedemonstration2.AviewofMt.Fuji(富士山)canbeobtainedfromhere.接下來新聞節(jié)目比日常短，沒有提到示威游行。