英語四六級閱讀技巧省公開課一等獎全國示范課微課金獎課件

大學英語四級閱讀了解部分

1/85大學英語四級閱讀了解閱讀廣泛了解

知識源泉，能力根本———利用閱讀打天下，無往不勝2/85篇章閱讀------尋找可能技巧3/85閱讀了解新四級考試閱讀部分主要分為快速閱讀和深度（仔細）閱讀兩個部分。深度閱讀包含選詞填空與題意選擇兩種題型,閱讀分數(shù)占全卷35%.閱讀了解(40mins)35%快速閱讀15深度閱讀2525%篇章詞匯10%篇章閱讀15%10%4/85篇章閱讀要求

選材起源命題起源NewScientistNewsweekTheNewYorkTimesTimeTheWashingtonPost大學英語四六級考試命題委員會5/85篇章閱讀要求體裁方面議論文說明文新聞評述記敘文題材方面人文科學自然科學6/85題材評述

梳理把握廣泛多樣題材，是“知己知彼”第一步。以下是近五年閱讀命題題材分布情況。文化教育.6學習寫作.12遠程教育.12大學招聘美國高層管理人才原因科技環(huán)境保護.6全球變暖.6環(huán)境保護時裝，一滴水一個世界.6黑匣子功效熱點新聞.6性別歧視7/85題材評述

經(jīng)濟商貿(mào).12瓶裝水成功推廣.12商店怎樣應對用戶投訴生命健康.12健康新解.12男性比女性更易得病社會生活.6保護隱私.12兒女教育.12美國黑人女性形象.6正面思維與負面思維.12人們工作角色轉(zhuǎn)變原因婚姻與長壽8/85識別文體說明文（最常見）第一句通常為主題句結(jié)構(gòu)：提出問題—分析問題—處理問題格式：比較，對照，分類，列舉。。。Tip.抓住文章主題，同時把握個層次關(guān)鍵點。9/85議論文論點---論據(jù)Tips.抓住論點，論據(jù)，明確作者論證方法是歸納還是演繹抓住表示因果because,asaresult,therefore，遞進moreover,inaddition，轉(zhuǎn)折but,however等信號詞注意作者使用表示贊同反對等感情色彩形容詞，副詞或句型。10/85詞匯要求1.題干中關(guān)鍵詞有50%能在原文中找到，還有一小部分是同義詞替換。（定位原文）08.165refinethestory---correctthestory2.定位原文后，不一定能直接找到答案，很多時候是同義替換11/85A．背高頻詞匯（復用單詞一詞多義一詞多性）B。加強同義替換意識同義替換主要性:1.找出答案位置需要同義替換意識2.得出正確答案需要同義替換意識12/85Example:ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesovertheworth…Q.itseemsthatthecontroversyoverthevaluesofMBAdegreeshasbeenfueledby__________.Controversy---debatefueled---inspired13/852.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged_______.原文：…,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategy.Answer:togiveuptheirformerwayoflife14/85攻克長難句經(jīng)常包括考點，所以不能跳過略過。會影響我們整體閱讀流暢性突破長難句：四級閱讀中很多句子都比較長，很多句子都在20個單詞以上，它們不時出沒于四級閱讀中，組成了一個個obstacle。其中，1995年6月大學英語四級考試閱讀了解第三篇文章第三句話長達80個詞，句子結(jié)構(gòu)復雜程度不亞于GRE閱讀，現(xiàn)展示以下：Inthepastourownblocksofflatshavebeenassociatedwiththelower-incomegroupsandtheyhavelackedtheobviousprovisions,

suchascentralheating,constanthotwatersupply,electricallyoperatedliftsfromtoptobottom,andsoon,aswellas

suchdetails，importantnotwithstanding(然而),aseasyfacilitiesfordisposalofdustandrubbishandstorageplacesforbabycarriagesonthegroundfloor,playgroundsforchildrenonthetopofthebuildings,anddryinggroundsforwashing.15/85長難句從真題一篇閱讀了解首句也能夠看出四級閱讀中部分句子結(jié)構(gòu)復雜程度。Abreakthrough(突破)﹝intheprovisionofenergyfromthesunfortheEuropeanEconomicCommunity(EEC歐共體)﹞couldbebroughtforward﹝byuptotwodecades,ifamodestincreasecouldbeprovidedintheEEC’sresearcheffortinthisfield,accordingtoseniorEECscientistsengagedinexperimentsinsolarenergyatEEC’sscientificlaboratoriesatIspra,nearMilan.﹞16/85長難句實用標準：修飾成份全找出來之后，用括號把每個修飾成份括起來，留在括號外面就是主干．然后，按照普通次序，謂語在前，賓語（或表語）在后，這么我們就有了主謂賓（或主系表）主干結(jié)構(gòu)了．最終把修飾成份按對應位置加上去，整個句子結(jié)構(gòu)就把握住了。17/85長難句常包括類型1.雙重否定句負負得正，把兩個表示否定結(jié)構(gòu)都去掉。No,not,hardly,seldom,neverlittle,few,small應注意詞根詞綴de-/dis-/un-/in-Thereareprobablynoquestions(that)wecanthinkupthatcan’tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Answer:Mancanfindsolutionssoonerorlatertowhateverquestionsconcerningnaturehecanthinkup.18/85長難句常包括類型

2.分詞做狀語類（主干，現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞）Eg.1MotivatedinpartbyChristiancompassionforthehelplessaswellasapracticalpoliticalimpulsetoundercutthesupportofthesocialistlabormovement,ChancellorBismarckcreatedtheworld’sfirstworkers’compensationlawin1884.Motivatedby-------Chancellor（總理大臣）BismarkQ:Theworld’sfirstcompensationlawwasintroducedbyBismark______________Answer:outofreligiousandpoliticalconsiderations.19/85解決方法：理清主動和被動關(guān)系。普通來說現(xiàn)在分詞與主語之間是主動關(guān)系；而過去分詞與主語之間是被動關(guān)系。

20/85長難句常包括類型3.定語從句類規(guī)律：找真正謂語動詞時，假如定語從句修飾主語，找第二個能夠做謂語動詞，第一個是屬于定語從句謂語動詞。Tips.先括出定語從句部分，跳出從句，抓住主干再解題。21/85長難句常包括類型4.倒裝句類類型1）only/notonly/nor/neither在句首2）介詞短語在句首較難Example:Alongwiththemgoessocialmobility,ambitiontoriseintheurbanworld,amainfactorinbringingdownthebirthsinEuropeinthe19thcentury.找主語alongwith----prepthem---objectiveformso,socialmobility后面兩個同位語Tips:分析詞性找出謂語與主語，將主語氣至謂語之前再了解文章。22/85長難句包括類型5.強調(diào)句型Itis…that應對方法：多訓練，熟悉句式，把讀到過四級文章中全部看不懂長難句全部總結(jié)起來，摘抄到一個本子上面，翻譯。當翻譯到100句時候，會發(fā)覺長難句不過那么五六種。當看到101句時候，你會馬上給它歸類。23/85篇章閱讀方法整體閱讀法（先看文章后做題）優(yōu)點：全局感或整體感缺點：記不住細節(jié)，找答案費時間查找閱讀法（適合段落較多文章）讀完第一段做第一題，做完第一題讀第二題，帶著問題去讀第二段優(yōu)點：符合題文同序出題標準缺點：不適合主旨題和全文態(tài)度題二者結(jié)合：1.略讀全文，把握文章大意2m(將注意力放在文章主題句、關(guān)鍵詞等部分。其余內(nèi)容如詳細敘述、細節(jié)、數(shù)字等則能夠跳過不讀。)2.依據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵詞定位原文3.以原文為依據(jù)，進行同義替換、判斷推理。2+4+4略讀文章讀題干（選項）做題

24/85命題考點及規(guī)律1、列舉處?？剂信e處指是First,…，second,…，Third,…等逐步列出，然后要求考生從列舉出內(nèi)容中，選出符合題干要求答案項。該考點常出題型是"細節(jié)事實題"。

25/85命題考點及規(guī)律2.強調(diào)處、絕對處、最高處theonly…only在句首做狀語Itis…that…mustall,anyone,never,most,sole,just,simply,unique08.66661.658best.661only26/85命題考點及規(guī)律3、舉例子打比喻地方?？紴榱耸棺约河^點更有說服力、愈加明確，作者經(jīng)慣用詳細例子打比喻，句中常由as,suchas,forexample,forinstance,asanillustration,thatis,tonameafew,asfollows等引導短語或句子作為舉例句，這些例句或比喻成為命題者提問焦點。考生需注意是例子或比喻普通是和文章或段落中心緊密相關(guān)，常以“細節(jié)事實性”題型和“推斷性”題型出現(xiàn)，但偏傾于“推斷性”題型。關(guān)注其前或后總結(jié)性句子.答案基本符合“中心思想即是答案解題思緒”27/85命題考點及規(guī)律4.特殊標點處破折號，冒號，引號等作者為了正確表示出自己觀點或使論點更有依據(jù)，經(jīng)常引用某名人論斷或主要發(fā)覺等。命題者常在此作文章。多以“推理性”題為主，有時也出“細節(jié)事實性”題型。例．"Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrewupandleavehomewhenthey're18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,"sayssociologistLarryBumpersoftheUniversityofWisconsin….Q:TherewasapparentlyatrendintheUSA________28/85命題考點及規(guī)律5、轉(zhuǎn)折處與強對比處?？糷owever,nevertheless,incontrast,otherwise,ontheotherhand,bycomparison,but,yet,while,although,whereas,evenif,likewise,similarly,inthesameway,inthesamemanner,asif,as.65929/85命題考點及規(guī)律6.主題句處段首段尾處主旨題、態(tài)度題較多7.因果關(guān)系處信號詞forthisreason,for,as,because,since,asaresultof,owingto,thanksto,dueto,asaresult,therefore,consequently,thus,accordingly,so30/85命題考點及規(guī)律8.定義結(jié)論處Inmyopinion,myviewis,asIsee,conclude通?？疾槲恼轮行挠^點或引用觀點9.數(shù)字年代處關(guān)注數(shù)字、年份常出現(xiàn)于細節(jié)題31/85命題考點及規(guī)律10.復雜句?？紡碗s句常是命題者出題之處，包含同位語、插入語、定語、長句后半句，從句、不定式、副詞等，命題者主要考查考生對句子之間指代關(guān)系。普通來說，備選項長度不會超出15個單詞，這就意味著長難句中大部分信息只是起干擾作用。要找到真正與答題相關(guān)信息，關(guān)鍵在于依據(jù)題干信息在長難句內(nèi)部進行定位，然后從備選項中找出意思一致答案。32/8533/8534/85ExampleButmyownworryislessthatoftheoverwhelmingproblemofelementalliteracythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofthemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilence,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentration,thatsurroundtheimageoftheclassicactofreading…………..32.Theauthor’sbiggestconcernis____.Concern-worrybiggest—less…thanD.thereadingabilityandreadingbehaviorofthemiddleclass.↓

↓

skill

actofreading35/85正確答案特征(一)答案項中有絕對語氣詞普通不是正確答案項這些語氣詞有：must,always,never,themost,all,only,haveto,any,no,very,completely,none,hardly等。例(1)Oneofthegreatchangesbroughtaboutbytheknowledgesocietyisthat_____A.thedifferencebetweentheemployeeandtheemployerhasbecomeinsignificant.B.people'straditionalconceptsaboutworknolongerholdtrue.C.mostpeoplehavetotakepart-timejobs.D.peoplehavetochangetheirjobsfromtimetotime.(分析：四個選項中，C、D兩項中都含有"haveto"，語氣太絕對化，普通被排除?？忌谑Ｏ聝身椫羞M行選擇，就大大降低了難度。)36/85正確答案特征（二）選項中含有不十分必定語氣詞普通是正確答案項。這些語氣詞有：can,could,may,should,usually,might,most(大多數(shù))，moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,possible,whetheror,notnecessarily等。例（1）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieves_______A．AmericansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercountriesB.inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone'ssocialstatusC.AmericanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthanthoseinothercountriesD.businessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthoseinAmerica(分析：選項B中often一詞，語氣委婉，不十分必定，故為答案。而其它三項中所表示出語氣都顯著絕對化。)37/85正確答案特征（三）選項中照抄原文普通不是答案項，而同義替換普通是選項。例（1）AccordingtoDr.David,Americans______A．a(chǎn)reideallyvigorousevenunderthepressureoflifeB.oftenneglecttheconsequencesofsleepdeficitC.donotknowhowtorelaxthemselvesproperlyD.cangetby(應對)on6.5hoursofsleep(分析：答案項中A、D兩項基本上是原文中句子原現(xiàn)，故被排除。B項中有often一詞，語氣委婉，不十必定，故為答案。)38/85正確答案特征（四）較全方面、有針對性地表示文章中心思想，選項普通是答案項。例（1）whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?A．Musicalinstrumentsdevelopedthroughtheyearswillsoonerorlaterbereplacedbycomputers.B.Musiccan'tbepassedontofuturegenerationsunlessit'srecorded.C.Folksongscan'tbespreadunlesstheyareprintedonmusicsheet.D.thedevelopmentofmusiccultureishighlydependentonitsmaterialaspect.(分析：依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容能夠看出，A、B、C三項內(nèi)容都只是從某一個方面闡述了一個觀點，而D項句子所表示意思就較全方面，高度囊括了全篇短文主旨。)39/85正確答案特征（五）選項中表示意義較詳細、淺?。ㄗ置嬉馑迹┢胀ú皇谴鸢疙棧爬ㄐ?、抽象、含義深刻是答案項。Eg.FromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployeeshiphelpsoneA．tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareerB.tosolvetechnicalproblemsC.tobemorespecializedinhisfieldD.todevelophisprofessionalskill（分析：題意是"從文中看出員工素質(zhì)有利于人們...。"B"處理技術(shù)問題"；C"深化專業(yè)"；D項"發(fā)展職業(yè)技能"。這三項表示意思都比較詳細，而A項則概括地有深度，包含了B、C、D三項內(nèi)容。）

40/85正確答案特征（六）選項中較符合常識,易明白普通不是選項；而似乎不太合理，一時較難了解往往是正確選項。例（2）Raisingchildren,intheauthor'sopinion,is_____.A．a(chǎn)moraldutyB.athanklessjobC.arewardingtaskD.asourceofinevitablepain（分析：題目問是，“依作者觀點，撫養(yǎng)孩子是”。依據(jù)我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钏勊?，撫養(yǎng)孩子就是A.“一個道德責任”B.“不求回報工作”。我們都以為撫養(yǎng)孩子是人生義務，是天經(jīng)地義。這兩項太熟悉了，因而普通不是答案。而C項“有回報任務"，似乎不太合人情味、合乎常識。但這么選項就是答案。D項有inevitable一詞，語氣太絕對化，故排除掉。）41/85正確答案特征（總結(jié)）1.經(jīng)常與中心相關(guān)2.位置：和復雜句，長難句，轉(zhuǎn)折句相關(guān)，或是段首句、段尾句09.1586208.6576508.6636408.158613.標準：同義替換正話反說反話正說09.1626608.6654.語氣：不必定語氣詞委婉表示用詞Maymightpossiblenotnecessarily5.含有概括性和深刻性08.162.6Passage.242/85Samplepassage09.1Ifyouareamaleandyou’rereadingthis,congratulations:youaresurvivor.Accordingtostatistics,you’remorethantwiceslikelytodieofskincancerthanawoman,andninetimesmorelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyoumakeittotheendofyounaturalterm,about78yearsformeninAustralia,you’lldieonaveragefivesyearsbeforeawoman.43/85Samplepassage09.1There’remanyreasonsforthis---typically,mentakemorerisksthanwomenandasmorelikelytodrinkandsmoke---butperhapsmoreimportantly,mendon’tgotothedoctor.“Menaren’tseeingdoctorsasoftenastheyshould,”saysDr.Gullotta.“thisisparticularlysofortheover-40s,whendiseasestendtostrike.”Gullottasaysahealthymanshouldvisitthedoctoreveryyearortwo.Forthoseover45,itshouldbeatleastonceayear.44/85Samplepassage09.1TwomonthsagoGullottasawa50-year-oldmanwhohaddelayeddoinganythingabouthissmoker’scoughforayear.“WhenIfinallysayhimithadalreadyspreadandhehassincediedforlungcancer,”hesays.”Earlierdetectionandtreatmentmaynothavecuredhim,butitwouldhaveprolonged(延長)hislife.”45/85Samplepassage09.1Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%womenagedbetween15andearly40sseeadoctoronceayear,comparedto70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.“Alotofmethinkthey’reinvincible(不可戰(zhàn)勝)”。Gullottasays.“Theyonlycomeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthegolfcourseandtheythink,‘Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim…’”46/85Samplepassage09.1Thenthere’stheostrichapproach.”Somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknow,”saysDr.RossCartmill.“mostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservicetheirbodies,”Carmillsays.Hebelievesmostdiseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldbeaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.47/85Samplepassage09.1Regularcheck-upsformenwouldinevitablyplacestrainonthepublicpurse,Carmillsays.“Butpreventionischeaperinthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthedisease.Besides,theultimatecostisfargreater:it’scalledprematuredeath.”48/85Samplepassage09.157.whydoestheauthorcongratulatehismalereadersatthebeginningofthispassage?Theyaremorelikelytosurviveseriousdiseasetoday.Theyaveragelifespanhasbeenconsiderablyextended.TheyhavelivedlongenoughtoreadthisarticleTheyaresuretoenjoyalongerandhappierlife.49/8558.whatdoestheauthorstateisthemostimportantreasonmendiefiveyearsearlieronaveragethanwomen?A.Mendrinkandsmokemuchmorethanwomen.B.Mendon’tseekmedicalcareasoftenaswomenC.Menare’tascautiousaswomeninfaceofdanger.D.Menaremorelikelytosufferfataldiseases.50/8559.Whichofthefollowingbestcompletesthesentence”Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim,…”(Line2,para.8)Itcouldhappentome,too.IshouldavoidplayinggolfIshouldconsidermyselfluckyItwouldbeabigmisfortune.60.WhatdoesDr.RossCartmillmeanby“theostrichapproach”(Line1,para.9)51/85Acasualattitudetowardsone’shealthconditionsAnewtherapyforcertainpsychologicalproblemsRefusaltogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolved.Unwillingnesstofindoutaboutone’sdiseasebecauseoffear.61.WhatdoseCartmillsayaboutregularcheck-upsformen?Theymayincreaspublicexpenses.TheywillsavemoneyinthelongrunTheymaycausepsychologicalstrainsonmenTheywillenablementoliveaslongaswomen52/85篇章閱讀要求題型介紹事實細節(jié)題推理判斷題語義了解題主旨大意題觀點態(tài)度題53/8554/85事實細節(jié)題通常從一個句子中找到答案

提問方式：靈活多樣，包括短文各種細節(jié)，如時間

地點原因結(jié)果方式等了解關(guān)鍵點：

詳細信息和概念性含義解題步驟：

定位分析和選項分析55/85事實細節(jié)題步驟：1.準確定位

1）關(guān)鍵詞---A。專有名詞（人名，地名）B。比較顯著描述性詞匯C。副詞、形容詞，尤其一些程度詞，比較詞。D.特殊印刷字體及其同義替換Eg.1Accordingtothepassage,peopleoftenwronglybelievethatinpursuingacareerasamanager__________.原文：Afewcommonmisconceptions.Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One’sphysicalassets…don’tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer…..（makeeverydaycount）Eg.2Theauthorendsthepassagewiththeimplicationthat______.Starts.Why---middle(putforwardquestion---analyze---solve)solution—end2)次序定位

例：36.。。。。theyears1976---197837.WhatinfluencesthebirthratemostintheUnitedStatesis…(theUS整個選材依據(jù)，不能作為關(guān)鍵詞).38.Thesentence“”(Line4,Para2)

56/85事實細節(jié)題2.選項分析同義替換（極少原文照搬）B.aperson’soutwardappearanceisnotacriticalqualification.

排除干擾項----聯(lián)絡主題57/85事實細節(jié)題干擾項特征：1）偷梁換柱越像越不對十個單詞有九個與原文一致，只有一個不一樣。2）他處細節(jié)Theideaof“improvementfactor”(para.3line8)impliesroughly:A.wagesshouldbepaidonthebasisoflengthofservice(P.3,L.7)B.(P.3,L.8)C.(P.3,L2)D.(P.2,L6)距離遠免談。A,C.D58/85細節(jié)題?？键c舉例、列舉處。關(guān)鍵詞：forexample,suchas,firstly,ontheotherhand,inaddition…notonly…butalso例證題example看不懂沒關(guān)系，收索例證周圍區(qū)域，10%向下，90%向上Eg.

Itiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirementbecauseonce…Onething,however,iscertain:yourchancesofgettingtheraiseyoufeelyoudeservearelessifyoudon’tatleastaskforit.Mentendtoaskformore,andtheygetmore,andthisholdstruewithotherresources,notjustpayincrease.ConsiderBeth’sstory:

IdidnotgetwhatIwantedwhenIdidn’taskforit….58.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeth’sstory?A.Ifpeoplewantwhattheydeserve,theyhavetoaskforitl

59/85細節(jié)題常考點

特殊標點處如引號、冒號、破折號08.164

.162.665.16207.1原文Aswehaveseen,thefocusofmedicalcareinoursocietyhasbeenshiftingfromcuringdiseasetopreventingdisease---especiallyintermsofchangingourmanyunhealthybehavior,suchaspooreatinghabits,smoking,andfailuretoexercise….62.Todaymedicalcareisplacingmorestresson____.A.keepingpeopleinahealthyphysicalconditionB.Monitoringpatients’bodyfunctionsC.Removingpeople’sbadlivinghabits.D.Ensuringpeople’spsychologicalwell-being.

60/85細節(jié)題?？键c

指代關(guān)系關(guān)鍵詞如：it,thatthesethosethey08.157例：08.1原文

Byalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominInternet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitieshavebegunofferingsomeformofdistancelearning.Andamongthelargerschools,it’scloserto90percent.Ifyoudoubtthepopularityofthetrend,youprobablyhaven’theardoftheUniversityofPhoenix.Itgrantsdegreesentirelyonthebasisofonlineinstruction.Itenrolls90,000students,statisticusedtosupportitsclaimtobethelargestuniversityinthecountry.57.WhatisthemoststrikingfeatureoftheUniversityofPhoenix?A.Allitscoursesareofferedonline.B.Itsonlinecoursesareofthebestquality.C.Itboaststhelargestnumberofstudentsoncampus.D.Anyonetakingitsonlinecoursesissuretogetadegree.61/85事實細節(jié)題轉(zhuǎn)折、對比之后觀點。關(guān)鍵詞：but,however,rather,yet,instead09.158,616263…..60，62。。。08.6原文…whenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacymostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit…Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother,OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.65.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.Theyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicdevices.Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.強調(diào)處only…08.66608.159比較處more…than…less….than…most07.66062/85事實細節(jié)題強調(diào)處only…08.66608.159(primarily)例08.6原文Butprivacydoesmatter—atleastsometimes.It’slikehealth;whenyouhaveit,youdon’tnoticeit.Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou’ddonemoretoprotectit.66.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat____.Peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit.Itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood.It’ssomethingthatcaneasilybelost.Peopledon’tcherishituntiltheyloseit.63/85事實細節(jié)題比較處more…than…less….than…most07.66009.161原文：(10.12)Eveniftheoddsarestackedagainstyou(一切對你不利),marriagecanmorethancompensate.LindaWaitehasfoundthatamarriedoldermanwithheartdiseasecanexpecttolivenearlyfouryearslongerthananunmarriedmanwithahealthyheart.Q.LindaWaite’sstudiessupporttheideathat___.C.marriagecanhelpmakeupforillhealth.64/85事實細節(jié)題事實細節(jié)題關(guān)鍵詞：同義替換對四級細節(jié)題總結(jié)：1、答案不跨段。2、90%依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位。10%利用題目標次序。3、考點不重復。65/85推理判斷題這類題不會直接出現(xiàn)在文中，需依據(jù)字里行間含義經(jīng)過邏輯推理來判斷

判斷方式判斷內(nèi)容1上下文連貫1原因結(jié)果觀點立場2相關(guān)部分暗示2數(shù)字知道邏輯標準問題：1whatconclusioncanbedrawnforthepassage？2Fromthepassagewecanconclude------3Wecaninferfromthepassage------4Thepassageseemstoindicatethat------5whichofthefollowingistruefromthepassage----66/85推理判斷題tips:1.1）經(jīng)過題干返回原文2）依據(jù)選項返回原文(題干中無詳細關(guān)鍵詞)2.普通要圍繞文中一兩個重點進行推理，如文章主題，段落主題。依據(jù)原文意思進行判斷。若有一選項與原文意思一模一樣，必定是正確答案。（意思而不是表示方式一模一樣。表示方式通常是同義詞替換）3。不要想得太多，推得過遠，關(guān)鍵是了解原文。67/85推理兩點總結(jié)：conclude—1、假如該詞在第一題，通?？嘉恼轮黝}。2、假如該詞在中間題，通?？贾虚g段落主題。3、假如該詞在第五題，通?？嘉恼轮黝}或者最終一段主題。infer—1、假如用該詞提問題目，題干信息比較多，比較詳細，則利用細節(jié)題方法來解。2、假如題干信息不多，不詳細，則利用文章主題或段落主題找答案。例06.1原文Inastudyof158hospitalnurses,thosewhofacedconsiderableworkdemandsbutcopedwiththechallengeweremorelikelytosaytheywereingoodhealththanthosewhofelttheycouldn’tgetthejobdone.59.Wecanconcludefromthestudyofthe158nursesinthat_____.Peoplewhocan’tgettheirjobdoneexperiencemorestressDoingchallengingworkmaybegoodforone’shealth.Stresswillweakenthebody’sdefenseagainstgerms.Peopleunderstresstendtohaveapoormemory.06.661Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.66.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?.1266.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastpara?68/85推理判斷題本質(zhì)都是細節(jié)題拋開自己主觀判斷，自己就是一張白紙，任由作者在自己身上開始寫。全部一切按文章走。一個細節(jié)題對應一句話。一個推理題對應可能是一句話，也可能是一個段落，甚至一篇文章。圍繞文章主題或段落主題進行推理。06.661Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.66.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?08.162Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?07.6666307.15706.1656609.16310.66669/85語義了解題語義了解題就是對生詞、句子或短語進行提問，需要考生推斷考點近義含義或引申含義。提問方式：1“---”isusedinthepassagetoreferto“---”2Theword“---”mostprobablymeans____.3accordingtotheauthor,“---”mostprobablymeans_____.70/85語義了解題Thenthereistheostrichapproach,”somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknow,”saysDr.RossCartmill.60WhatdoesDr.RossCartmillmeanby“theostrichapproach”(lineqpara.9)A.acasualattitudetowardsone’shealthconditionsB.anewtherapyforcertainpsychologicalproblemsC.refusaltogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolvedD.unwillingnesstofindoutaboutone’sdiseasebecauseoffear71/85語意了解題命題點1.考查生僻詞：結(jié)合文章整體分析，與主題保持邏輯上一致就是答案2.考查慣用詞。選項中常見、慣用意思往往不是答案3.考查代詞：緊密跟蹤上下文，順藤摸瓜解題依據(jù)：上下文意義；并列邏輯與轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯表達出來同義關(guān)系或反義關(guān)系；篇章中對詞定義闡釋；構(gòu)詞法72/85語意了解題Eg.(.12)原文：Itisprettymuchaone-waystreet.Whileitmaybecommonforuniversityresearcherstotrytheirluckinthecommercialworld,thereisverylittletrafficintheoppositedirection.Payhasalwaysbeenthebiggestdeterrent,aspeoplewithfamiliesoftenfeeltheycannotaffordthedropinsalarywhenmovingtoauniversityjob.57.By“aone–waystreet”,theauthormeans____.B.fewindustrialscientistswouldquittoworkinanindustry.58.Theword“deterrent”mostprobablyreferstosomethingthat_____.A.bringssomeoneafinancialburdenB.helpstomovethetrafficC.keepssomeonefromtakingactionD.attractspeople’sattention.雖為語意題，但仍需結(jié)合上下文細節(jié)進行判斷。73/85語意了解題

07.657.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(line.4.Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans____.

原文：whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,they