英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換點拔與訓(xùn)練

英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換點拔與訓(xùn)練一、肯定句變否定句的技巧1.動詞后直接加not。原句中含有be動詞(am,is,are,was,were)和助動詞(have,has,had)和情態(tài)動詞(can,shall,will,may,should,would,might,hadbetter等)時，要在動詞后直接加not。如：Hismotherhasalreadycalledthepoliceforhelp.(烏魯木齊市中考題)Hismother______calledthepoliceforhelp______.(答案：hasn’t,yet)2.原句中沒有be動詞，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，要在行為動詞前加助動詞(do,does,did)與否定副詞not的縮寫形式。另外，還需要將原句子中的some改為any；too改either；already改為yet。還需要分清do,have等是實義動詞還是助動詞。如：TheoldmanhurthisleglastWednesday.(西寧市中考題)Theoldman____________hisleglastWednesday.(答案：didn’thurt)3.原句中含有every,everything,all,both等不定代詞或both…and…,alotof等短語時，與否定副詞not連用屬部分否定。把這些不定代詞變成neither,none,noone或把both…and…變成neither…nor…時，才是全部否定。如：BothJoyandSamlikesingingBeijingOpera.(新疆中考題)______Joy______SamlikessingingBeijingOpera.(答案：Neither,nor)4.在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是think時，如果要否定后面的賓語從句，習(xí)慣上否定主句的謂語動詞。如：Ithinkshewillcomeheresoon.→Idon’tthinkshewillcomeheresoon.二、復(fù)合句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換技巧1.含賓語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡單句即將賓語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的短語。如：Weexpectedthatyouwouldcome.我們希望你來?！鶺eexpectedyoutocome.我們希望你來。NowtellmewhatIshoulddo.現(xiàn)在告訴我該怎么辦。→Nowtellmewhattodo.現(xiàn)在告訴我該怎么辦。IrememberIoncemetherataparty.我記得在一次晚會上見過他。→Irememberoncemeetingherataparty.我記得在一次晚會上見過他。IaskhimwhatIshalldo.我問他該怎么辦?！鶬askhimwhattodo.我問他該怎么辦。Ican’tdecidewhomIshouldinvite.我不能決定該邀請誰。→Ican’tdecidewhomtoinvite.我不能決定該邀請誰。2.含狀語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句即將狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成狀語短語。如：Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.他因病不能來?！鶫ecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.他因病不能來。Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.離開前請關(guān)燈。→Turnoffthelightbeforeleaving.離開前請關(guān)燈。Hewenthomeafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就回家了?！鶫ewenthomeafterfinishinghiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tspeak.他氣得話都說不出來。→Hewastooangrytoospeak.他氣得話都說不出來。Hestudiedhardinorderthathecouldpasstheexam.他努力學(xué)習(xí)以便能考及格?！鶫estudiedhardinordertopasstheexam.他努力學(xué)習(xí)以便能考及格。英語句子類型的轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換題是中考常見題型，它主要用來考查大家對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成、變化的掌握及在行文中的運用等，類型繁多?，F(xiàn)以近兩年中考題為例，分類介紹如下：[第一類]改成否定句英語中有關(guān)否定的結(jié)構(gòu)各不相同，除動詞部分構(gòu)成的否定外，還有名詞、代詞的否定、部分否定、否定轉(zhuǎn)移、以及一些表示否定意義的短語或句型等。一、含有連系動詞、情態(tài)動詞等助動詞的句子改為否定句時，在連系動詞、情態(tài)動詞等的后面加not就行了。如：1.Hewaslateforschoolyesterday.（黑龍江省泰州市）He______________lateforschoolyesterday.2.ThestudentsofNo.2MiddleSchoolhavegoneforapicnicalready.（新疆）ThestudentsofNo.2MiddleSchool______________goneforapicnicyet.二、祈使句變否定句一般在其前加don’t。如：3.Openthewindow.（江蘇?。______openthewindow.三、實義動詞的否定式是在實義動詞前加don’t,doesn’t,didn’t等。如：4.Shedoesthehouseworkeveryday.（黑龍江省哈爾濱市）She______________thehouseworkeveryday.5.Hereturnedthebooktothelibrarythismorning.（重慶市）He_________________thebooktothelibrarythismorning.注意：變否定句時須注意某些詞語的變化，如some改為any,something改為anything,already改為yet,both改為neither,all改為none等。又如：6.Bothofthemaremybestfriends.（甘肅省蘭州市）_______ofthemismybestfriend.[第二類]改為疑問句可分為一般疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。一、變一般疑問句時，含有連系動詞、情態(tài)動詞的句子，只需將它們移至句首，第一個字母變?yōu)榇髮?，句尾改為問號即可。含有實義動詞的句子，在實義動詞前加do,does,did等。變化過程中也要注意某些詞語和人稱的變化。如：7.There’ssomethingtoeatinthecupboard.（貴州省貴陽市）___________________________toeatinthecupboard？8.Katedoesmorningexerciseseveryday.（山東省濟(jì)南市）_______Kate__________morningexerciseseveryday？9.Annreturnedthebooktothelibraryyesterday.（四川省成都市）_______Ann__________thebooktothelibraryyesterday？二、變選擇疑問句時，如果該句是一般疑問句，則在后面直接加“or＋另一選擇部分”就行了；若是陳述句，則要先變成一般疑問句。如：10.JohnisanAmerican.（用aCanadian改為選擇疑問句）（新疆）_______JohnanAmerican_______aCanadian？三、變反意疑問句時，要注意“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”，還要注意一些特殊形式的反意疑問句。如：11.Shehashardlyhadanythingthismorning,______________？（山東省泰安市）12.Youwillmeetyourfriendsattherailwaystation,______________？（重慶）13.Shehadnothingforbreakfast,______________？（青海）14.Therewasnotimeforthetwinstogoshopping,______________？（哈爾濱市）[第三類]單數(shù)句與復(fù)數(shù)句之間的互變轉(zhuǎn)化時，名詞和動詞的人稱和數(shù)，人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞的人稱和數(shù)都要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：15.Thatismybook.（浙江省寧波市）____________________________.16.Sheishisstudent.（江蘇）____________________________.[第四類]變感嘆句將陳述句變成感嘆句，要分以下幾步：第一步：在陳述句的謂語動詞后將句子劃斷。如：Theboxesare／veryheavy.第二步：斜線后的形容詞、副詞的修飾語要去掉，如上句去掉very。第三步：若斜線后部分的中心詞是形容詞、副詞，則在斜線后部分的前面加how。如果中心詞是名詞，就加what。第四步：將陳述句句首的大寫改為小寫，將感嘆句句首改為大寫。第五步：將陳述句句末的句號改為感嘆號。于是上句應(yīng)改為：Howheavytheboxesare！又如：17.Theyarehappytoseeeachother.（甘肅省蘭州市）______________theyaretoseeeachother！[第五類]同義轉(zhuǎn)換指用不同的詞匯、短語、句型表示相同或相近的意思。它主要有以下幾種變化：一、用同義詞（詞組）、近義詞（詞組）替換句中的某一部分。如：18.LinTaoisgoodatphysics.（江蘇省鹽城市）LinTao_____________________physics.19.Ittookhimtwohourstoplaywithcomputerslastnight.（甘肅省蘭州市）He_______twohours_______withcomputerslastnight.二、用反義詞（詞組）或句型改寫。如：20.Ithinkartislessimportantthanmaths.（浙江省杭州市）I______________art_______moreimportantthanmaths.21.Therunnerfellbehindtheothersthoughhedidwhathecould.（徐州市）Therunnerfailedtokeepupwiththeothersthoughhetriedhisbest.三、簡單句和并列句與復(fù)合句等句式間的轉(zhuǎn)換。如：22.Myfatherisn’tahistoryteacher.Mymotherisn’tahistoryteacher,either.（徐州）__________myfather_______mymotherisahistoryteacher.23.Jimcan’tdecidewhatheshoulddonext.（甘肅省蘭州市）Jimcan’tdecidewhat______________next.24.Davidwassocarelessthathedidn’tfindthemistakesinhistestpaper.（福州市）Davidwas_______careless_______findthemistakesinhistextpaper.[第六類]對劃線部分提問實際上就是把陳述句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧?。對不同的部分提問要用不同的疑問詞。一、對主語提問：只需選擇一個恰當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~代替劃線部分，句子的語序不變，指人用who,指物用what或which。如：25.Mr.GreenteachesthemEnglish.（新疆）_______teachesthemEnglish？二、對謂語提問：不管后面接賓語與否，疑問詞都用what,并用do的適當(dāng)形式代替謂語部分。如：26.Hewasplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon.（青海）______________he_______atfouryesterdayafternoon？三、對賓語提問：指人的用who（whom）,指物的用what或which。如：27.Heliveswithhisgrandmother.（江蘇）______________helivewith？28.Ihavetwobooksinmybag.（山東省泰安市）______________youhaveinyourbag？四、對表語提問：要根據(jù)表語所表示的不同意思，選擇不同的疑問代詞。指人時一般用who；指時間時用when或whattime；指職業(yè)時，用what；指顏色時用whatcolour;指距離時用howfar等。如：29.Thoseflowersarered.（重慶）______________arethoseflowers？30.Urumchiis3790kilometresawayfromWuhan.（新疆）______________isUrumchiawayfromWuhan？五、對定語提問：問誰的用whose,問哪個用which或what,問數(shù)量用howmany（much）。如：31.Thecarneartheriverismine.（山東省泰安市）______________isyours？32.Iborrowedninebooksfromthelibrary.（新疆）______________booksdidyouborrowfromthelibrary？六、對狀語（從句）提問：指時間的疑問詞用when（whattime）,指地點用where,表示原因用why,表示程度、方式用how,表示頻度用howoften，表示時間段用howlong等。如：33.AllanwillgobacktoEnglandbyplanenextmonth.（福建省福州市）______________AllangobacktoEnglandnextmonth？34.Johnwenttoseehisgrandmotheronceaweek.（廣東省廣州市）______________didJohngotoseehisgrandmother？35.Hehasworkedinthisschoolforfiveyears.（四川省成都市）______________hasheworkedinthisschool？36.Mrs.Readdidn’tsleepwelllastnightbecausethewindmadetoomuchnoise.______________Mrs.Readsleepwelllastnight（山東省濟(jì)南市）37.Jimwillreturnintwoweeks.（黑龍江省哈爾濱市）______________willJimreturn？七、對混合成分提問：同時對兩個或兩個以上的提問時，可以用and把幾個疑問詞連起來放在句首。如：38.ImetJimintheparkthedaybeforeyesterday.（吉林）_____________________didyoumeetJim？中考英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換精選精練一、改為一般疑問句1.Icanskatewell.____________________skatewell?(黑龍江)2.Katedoesmorningexerciseseveryday.______Kate______morningexerciseseveryday?(山東濟(jì)南)3.Theexambeginsatnine.__________theexam__________atnine?(青海)4.Annreturnedthebooktothelibraryyesterday.__________Ann__________thebooktothelibraryyesterday?(四川成都)5.There'ssomethingtoeatinthecupboard.__________there__________toeatinthecupboard?(貴陽)6.Marylikesscubadivingverymuch.__________Mary__________scubadivingverymuch?(新疆)二、改為反意疑問句7.Therewasnotimeforthetwinstogoshopping,____________________?(黑龍江)8.Shehadnothingforbreakfast,____________________?(青海)9.Youwillmeetyourfriendsattherailwaystation,______________________?(重慶)10.Shehashardlyhadanythingthismorning,___________________?(山東泰安)11.Thereissomethingimportantabouttohappen,____________________?(新疆)三、改為選擇疑問句12.JohnisanAmerican.(用aCanadian改為選擇疑問句)__________JohnanAmerican__________aCanadian?(新疆)四、改為否定句13.Shedoesthehouseworkeveryday.She__________________thehouseworkeveryday.(黑龍江)14.UncleWanglikesmakingthings.UncleWang____________________makingthings.(四川成都)15.Hereturnedthebooktothelibrarythismorning.He____________________thebooktothelibrarythismorning.(重慶)16.ThestudentsofNo.2MiddleSchoolhavegoneforapicnicalready.ThestudentsofNo.2MiddleSchool_________goneforapicnic_______.(新疆)五、對劃線部分提問17.Jimwillreturnintwoweeks.____________________willJimreturn?(哈爾濱)18.Mrs.Readdidn'tsleepwelllastnightbecausethewindmadetoomuchnoise.____________________Mrs.Read__________welllastnight?(山東濟(jì)南)19.Hewasplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon.____________________he__________atfouryesterdayafternoon?(青海)20.Hehasworkedinthisschoolforfiveyears.____________________hasheworkedinthisschool?(四川成都)21.Johnwenttoseehisgrandmotheronceaweek.______________________Johngotoseehisgrandmother?(廣東廣州)22.Iwasbornin1980.____________________youborn?(重慶)23.Ihavetwobooksinmybag.____________________youhaveinyourbag?(山東泰安)24.Thecarneartheriverismine.____________________isyours?(山東泰安)25.AllanwillgobacktoEnglandbyplanenextmonth.____________________AllangobacktoEnglandnextmonth?(福建福州)26.Urumqiis3790kilometresfromWuhan.____________________isUrumqifromWuhan?27.Thoseflowersarered.____________________arethoseflowers?六、主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)28.DidshetakethepicturesneartheDamingLakewhentheguideshowedheraroundthe'Spring__________thepictures__________neartheDamingLakewhen______________________________aroundthe'Spring29.Weplantedlotsoftreesinourschoolyard.Lotsoftrees____________________inourschoolyard.(青海)30.Thepolicemanmadetheyoungwomanmovehercar.Theyoungwoman______________________________hercarbythepoliceman.(廣東廣州)31.Abirthdaypartywillbeheldtomorrow.We____________________abirthdaypartytomorrow.(山東泰安)32.PeoplegrowcottoninNorthChina.Cotton____________________inNorthChina.(貴陽)33.Wecleanourclassroomtwiceaday.Ourclassroom____________________twiceaday.(福建福州)七、其它34.Idon'twanttogototheconcert.Shedoesn'twanttogo,either.(合并為一個簡單句)(江蘇連云港)________________________________________________________35.I'mnotgoingtoBeijing.Heisn'tgoingtoBeijing,either.(合并為一句)__________he__________I__________goingtoBeijing.(吉林)36.Hashehandedinhishomework?Doyouknow?(改為復(fù)合句)Doyouknow__________he__________handedinhishomework?(重慶)37.Mr.WangaskedLinTao,'DoyouliveinGuiyang?(改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Mr.WangaskedLinTao__________he__________inGuiyang.'(貴陽)38.Davidwassocarelessthathedidn'tfindthemistakesinhistestpaper.(改為簡單句)Davidwas_______