廣東省湛江市某校2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

湛江市第二中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期學(xué)段一高二級(jí)英語(yǔ)試卷(答題時(shí)間：120分鐘，總分：150分)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。AWe’vegotalistofteenscientistsfromavarietyoffields.JackAndrakaJackAndrakacreatedabiosensorforcancerthathesaysis168timesfaster,26,667timeslessexpensiveand400timesmoresensitivethantechnologynowadays.He’stheyoungestpersontohavespokeninfrontoftheRoyalSocietyofMedicine.TaylorWilsonTaylorWilsonwastheyoungestpersontoachievenuclearfusion(核聚變).HewasinspiredbyTheRadioactiveBoyScout,anovelinwhichakidtriesandfailstobuildanuclearreactor.Taylorthoughthecoulddobetter.Longstoryshort,hewantedtobuildasmallnuclearreactor.Andhediditattheageoffourteen.HereceivedaThielFellowship,whichgavehim$100,000toworkonhisownresearch.SaraVolzSaraVolzperformedexperimentsinwhichshegrewalgaebasedontheiroiloutputforthepurposeofgrowingthemasbiofuel(生物燃料).Thisresearchisespeciallyimportantastheworldcontinuestosearchforawaytolessenourdependenceonnon-renewableenergy.Shewonthetopprizeof$100,000intheIntelScienceTalentSearch.DanielBurdPlasticusuallytakesthousandsofyearstodecompose(降解),butthishighschoolstudentDanielBurdmanagedtodoitinthreemonths.Inanexperiment,hemixedplasticbagsandaspecialkindofdirttogether,andfoundthattheydiddecomposefaster.Hethenperformedteststofindthebacteriaresponsiblefordecomposingtheplastics.Hissolutiononlyproduceswaterandsmallamountsofcarbondioxide.Hesaysitcouldeasilybeusedelsewhere.1.Whodesignedamedicalinstrument?A.SaraVolz. B.DanielBurd.C.JackAndraka. D.TaylorWilson.2.WhatexcitedTaylorWilson’sinterestinhisinvention?A.Anovelbyakid. B.Plasticpollution.C.Energyshortage. D.Ascientificnovel.3.WhatdoweknowaboutDanielBurd’sinvention?A.Itwonhima$100,000prize. B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itwascompletedinfourmonths. D.Itiswidelyusedforeverydaywaste.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四位來(lái)自不同領(lǐng)域的青少年科學(xué)家以及他們的發(fā)明的情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章JackAndraka部分“JackAndrakacreatedabiosensorforcancerthathesaysis168timesfaster,26,667timeslessexpensiveand400timesmoresensitivethantechnologynowadays.(JackAndraka發(fā)明了一種癌癥生物傳感器，他說(shuō)這種傳感器比現(xiàn)在的技術(shù)快168倍，便宜26667倍，靈敏度高400倍。)”可知，JackAndraka發(fā)明了一種價(jià)格便宜，靈敏度高的癌癥生物傳感器，由此可知，JackAndraka設(shè)計(jì)了醫(yī)療器械。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TaylorWilson部分“HewasinspiredbyTheRadioactiveBoyScout,anovelinwhichakidtriesandfailstobuildanuclearreactor.(他的靈感來(lái)自小說(shuō)《放射性童子軍》，小說(shuō)中一個(gè)孩子試圖建造一個(gè)核反應(yīng)堆，但以失敗終。)”可知，TaylorWilson的靈感來(lái)自于TheRadioactiveBoyScout，由此可知，是一本故事書(shū)激發(fā)了TaylorWilson對(duì)發(fā)明的興趣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hissolutiononlyproduceswaterandsmallamountsofcarbondioxide.(他的解決方案只產(chǎn)生水和少量的二氧化碳。)”可知，他的解決方案只產(chǎn)生水和少量的二氧化碳，由此可推知，DanielBurd的發(fā)明很環(huán)保。故選B項(xiàng)。BThefamilyofa6-year-oldadoptedChinesegirlwhobadlyneedsabonemarrowtransplant(骨髓移植)believestheyhavefoundamatchinChina.KaileeWellssuffersfromaseriousaplasticanemia(再生障礙性貧血),whichpreventsbonemarrowfromproducingnewbloodcells.Shehastakencoursesoftreatmentbuthasshownlittlesignofrecovery.Thebesthelpforsuchpatientsisatransplantofhealthymarroworbloodcellsfromasuitabledonor.Certaintissueofthepatientandthedonormustmatch.Kailee’smother,LindaWells,madehersecondtriptoChinaearlierthismonthtofindadonor.Herhusband,OwenWells,saidthathiswifebelieveddoctorstherehadfoundamatch.“Fortheselast22months,we’vebeenlivinginfearthatKaileewouldtakeaturnfortheworseandtherewouldbenothingwecoulddoaboutit,”hesaid.“Nowwehavesomethingwecanuseandsaveourlittlegirl.Wearejustaboutreadytostartjumpingupanddownandrejoicing.”WellssaidaChinesegirlwhoisaboutayearoldhasabloodsamplethatmatchesKailee’sperfectly.Thenextstep,hesaid,wouldbetomakesurethesampleissafelyharvestedandprotectedfortransplant,thedetailsofwhichhaveyettobeworkedout.LindaWellsfirsttraveledtoChinainFebruarytotrytolocatethegirl’sbirthmother,whoislikelytobeamatch.Butshefoundnorelativesanddecidedtotryagainthismonth.“ThisgivesussomuchencouragementbecausenowwefoundwhatwethoughtwewouldneverbeabletofindforKailee,”O(jiān)wenWellssaid.“We’regoingtocontinueourblooddonordrivetotrytocontinuetohelpasmanypeopleaswepossiblycan.We’rejustsohappy.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutKaileeWells?A.ShewasadoptedbyaChinesefamily.B.Shehasaone-year-oldsisterinChina.C.Shewasrecoveringfromaplasticanemia.D.Sheisunabletoproducenewbloodcells.5.Theunderlinedword“rejoicing”inParagraph5canbebestreplacedby“_____”.A.waving B.movingC.cheering D.crying6.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.LindaWellshasfoundthegirl’sbirthmother.B.OwenandLindatriedeverymeanstocureKailee.C.Doctorshaveworkedoutplanstoprotectthesample.D.OwenandLindavisitedChinatwicetofindaperfectmatch.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Longanddeepfriendshipbetweentwofamilies. B.Faithleadstohope.C.Matchfoundforabonemarrowtransplant. D.ThejourneytoChina.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一個(gè)記敘文。一個(gè)被收養(yǎng)的六歲的小女孩兒需要換骨髓，其養(yǎng)母兩次到中國(guó)尋找合適的骨髓捐獻(xiàn)者?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的whichpreventsbonemarrowfromproducingnewbloodcells.可知KaileeWells患有嚴(yán)重的再生障礙性貧血癥，她的骨髓不能產(chǎn)生新的血細(xì)胞。故選D。【5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。由劃線詞前的jumpingupanddown以及該段的描述可知，得知女兒有救，Wells夫婦非常欣喜，高興得要跳起來(lái)了。由此可以推知，rejoicing意為“歡呼、慶祝”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文中提到的Linda兩次來(lái)中國(guó)及Owen的談話“We’regoingtocontinueourblooddonordrivetotrytocontinuetohelpasmanypeopleaswepossiblycan.”可知，夫婦倆竭盡全力治療Kailee的病。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了六歲的Kailee需要換骨髓，她的養(yǎng)父母非常欣慰骨髓捐獻(xiàn)者已經(jīng)找到，文章由此主題展開(kāi)。故選C。CMeetingpeoplefromanotherculturecanbedifficult.Fromthebeginning,peoplemaysendthewrongsignal(信號(hào)).Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasize(強(qiáng)調(diào))theimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Evenwithpeopleatwork,itisnecessarytospendalotoftimein“smalltalk”,usuallyoveraglassoftea,beforetheydoanyjob.InmanyEuropeancountries—liketheUKorFrance—peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafésratherthanattheoffice.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;insteadtherewasanuncomfortablesilence.Thepeoplepresentjuststaredatmeandsmiled.Aftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetter,IrealizedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Certainly,EnglishandGermanculturessharesimilarvalues;however,Germansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.Wethinkthattheyarerude.Infact,thisisjustbecauseoneculturestartsdiscussionsandmakesdecisionsmorequickly.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother.However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironment(多元文化環(huán)境)willofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.8.Insomecountries,eatingtogetheratrestaurantsmaymakeiteasierforpeopleto.A.developcloserrelations B.sharethesamecultureC.gettoknoweachother D.keepeachothercompany9.TheauthormentionshisexperienceinThailandtoshowthat.A.theEnglishprefertomakelongspeechesB.toomanywordsareofnouseC.peoplefromThailandarequietandshybynatureD.eventalkandsilencecanbeculturallydifferent10.Accordingtothetext,howcanpeoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandeachotherbetter?A.Bysharingdifferentwaysoflife.B.Byacceptingdifferenthabits.C.Byrecognizingdifferentvalues.D.Byspeakingeachother’slanguages.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MulticulturalEnvironmentB.Cross-CulturalDifferencesC.HowtoUnderstandEachOtherD.HowtoBuildUpaRelationship【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了不同文化之間差異，并說(shuō)明了要加強(qiáng)互相了解和認(rèn)識(shí)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafésratherthanattheoffice.”可知在一些地方吃飯和喝咖啡比在辦公室更容易建立工作關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.”可知談話和沉默也有文化上的差異。作者在后面舉在泰國(guó)演講的例子也是為了說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)。故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一句“However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironmentwillofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.”可知雖然文化之間差異很大，但是加強(qiáng)了解和認(rèn)識(shí)才能互相理解。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了不同文化之間的差異，并說(shuō)明了要加強(qiáng)互相了解和認(rèn)識(shí)。所以“Cross-CulturalDifferences”作為題目比較恰當(dāng)。故選B。DPeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultiesthanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressionsandanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly(均勻的)acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes.“WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,”Jacksaid.“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandoverlookthemouth.”AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues,thediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult,facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincross-culturalsituations.Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthanWesternersdid.“Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions,”Jacksaid.“OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion.Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless.”Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise,whenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrosscultures,EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.12.WhatdoesthediscoveryshowaboutWesterners?A.Theypayequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouth.B.Theyconsiderfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliable.C.Theyobservetheeyesandthemouthindifferentways.D.Theyhavemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions.13.Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy?A.Togettheirfacesimpressive. B.Tomakeafaceateachother.C.Toclassifysomefacepictures. D.Toobservetheresearchers’faces.14.IncompanionwithWesterners,whatareEasternerslikelytodo?A.Theydotranslationmoresuccessfully. B.Theystudythemouthmorefrequently.C.Theyexaminetheeyesmoreattentively. D.Theyreadfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheEyeastheWindowtotheSoul B.CulturalDifferencesinReadingEmotionsC.EffectiveMethodstoDevelopSocialSkills D.HowtoIncreaseCross-culturalUnderstanding【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探討了東亞人和歐洲人在識(shí)別面部表情方面的差異，并解釋了其原因。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly(均勻的)acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes.(格拉斯哥大學(xué)的研究員瑞秋·杰克說(shuō)，東方人的注意力集中在眼睛上，而不是像西方人那樣均勻地掃視整張臉。)”和第三段中“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandoverlookthemouth.(西方人對(duì)眼睛和嘴巴的重視程度是一樣的，而東方人則更重視眼睛而忽略了嘴巴。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)西方人對(duì)眼睛和嘴巴同樣重視。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.(13名西方高加索人和13名東亞人觀察表情豐富的面部照片并將其分為快樂(lè)、悲傷、驚訝、恐懼、厭惡、憤怒或中性等類別，研究人員則通過(guò)記錄他們的眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)研究了面部表情識(shí)別方面的文化差異。)”可知，在這項(xiàng)研究中，研究對(duì)象被要求對(duì)一些人臉圖片進(jìn)行分類。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthanWesternersdid.(結(jié)果表明，東方人對(duì)眼睛的注意力要比西方人集中得多，犯的錯(cuò)誤也明顯多于西方人。)”可知，和西方人相比，東方人更仔細(xì)地查看眼睛。故選C項(xiàng)。15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultiesthanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressionsandanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.(東亞人在識(shí)別面部表情方面往往比歐洲人更困難，《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》在線發(fā)表的一篇新報(bào)告解釋了其中的原因。)”、第三段中“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandoverlookthemouth.(西方人對(duì)眼睛和嘴巴的重視程度是一樣的，而東方人則更重視眼睛而忽略了嘴巴。)”和最后一段中“Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，數(shù)據(jù)表明面部表情并不是人類情感的普遍信號(hào)。從這里開(kāi)始，研究文化因素是如何使這些基本的社交技能多樣化的，將有助于我們理解人類的情感。)”可推知，文章探討了東亞人和歐洲人在識(shí)別面部表情方面的差異，并解釋了其原因。由此推知，“CulturalDifferencesinReadingEmotions(識(shí)別情緒的文化差異)”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyonethinksthey'regreatlisteners.Butthetruthisthathearingisn’tnecessarilylistening,norisitnecessarilylisteningwell.Listeningisanartaswellasabasiclifeskillthatweareencouragedtopractiseandmaster.___16___●Don'tinterrupt___17___Tomastertheartoflistening,youneedtostopanygoodthoughtsthatcometomindandletthepersonsayeverythingtheyneedtosay.Oftentimespeoplesimplyneedsomeonetotalkto,notsomeonewhowillcutinandgivetheirownthoughtsandopinions.●Practiceactivelistening.Tounderstandbetterincommunication,youcanfirstpracticeactivelistening.Theartoflisteningisn'tsimplyaboutstayingquiet100%ofthetime,it'salsoaboutaskingquestions,whichareforclarificationorforfurtherexplanation,sothatyoucanfullyunderstandwhatthespeakeristellingyou.___18___Youcanalsomakenoisesthatshowyouagreewithwhathepersonissayingsuchas“yes”,‘'yeah",and“okay.”●___19___About60-75%ofourcommunicationisaccomplishedwithoutspeaking.Inordertoknowwhethertoencouragethespeaker,ortoopenyourselfmore,it'sessentialtoknowwhattheperson'sbodyissaying.Dotheydisplaysignsofdiscomfort?Aretheycautiousaboutyou?Theirbodylanguagetellsalot.●Createasuitableenvironment.ItcanbedifficulttolistentoanotherpersonwhentheTVisscreaming,yourphoneisbuzzingandtherearethousandsofcarspassingby.___20___Also,whenyouindicateitwouldbegoodto“findaquietplace,"youputimportanceinthepersonandwhattheysay,andthenyoushowcareandconsideration.A.Listentonon-verbalcommunication.B.Letthepersonspeakwithoutinterruption.C.Listenwithoutformingresponsesinyourmind.D.Here'showtobringthevitallifeskillintoyourdailyexistence.E.Additionally,it'simportanttoholdbackyournegativejudgments.F.Anothergreatwaytoshowyourunderstandingistorespondbynodding.G.Whenyouremovethedistractionsandfindaquietplaceit’seasiertolistenattentively.【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本篇主要向讀者講述了良好且有效的“傾聽(tīng)”的重要性，并為讀者提供了成為合格傾聽(tīng)者的實(shí)踐方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Listeningisanartaswellasabasiclifeskillthatweareencouragedtopractiseandmaster.（聽(tīng)力是一種藝術(shù)，也是一種基本的生活技能，我們被鼓勵(lì)去練習(xí)和掌握）”以及下文作者分類介紹了在日常生活中可以應(yīng)用的各類傾聽(tīng)的方式方法?？芍狣項(xiàng)：Here'showtobringthevitallifeskillintoyourdailyexistence.（下面是如何將這一重要的生活技能運(yùn)用到你的日常生活中）合乎題意。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)本小節(jié)標(biāo)題“Don'tinterrupt（不要打斷）”，可知本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容為不要在說(shuō)話者說(shuō)話時(shí)打斷，而應(yīng)耐心傾聽(tīng)完話者想要表達(dá)的意思。此句位于段首，起到概括和解釋標(biāo)題作用。B項(xiàng)：Letthepersonspeakwithoutinterruption.（讓對(duì)方說(shuō)話時(shí)不要打斷）概括和解釋標(biāo)題，合乎題意。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“youcanalsomakenoisesthatshowyouagreewithwhathepersonissayingsuchas“yes”,‘'yeah",and“okay.”（你也可以發(fā)出一些聲音來(lái)表示你同意對(duì)方說(shuō)的話，比如yes和okay）”中的“also”，我們可知設(shè)空處描述的情形也應(yīng)為對(duì)某人的發(fā)言表示同意或肯定時(shí)做出的姿態(tài)，從而增進(jìn)互動(dòng)，表示理解。F項(xiàng)：Anothergreatwaytoshowyourunderstandingistorespondbynodding.（另一種表示理解的好方法是點(diǎn)頭回應(yīng)）合乎題意。故選F?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空處概括本段內(nèi)容，為本段小標(biāo)題，設(shè)空處與上下段的首句句式保持一致，即應(yīng)是祈使句。根據(jù)下文“About60-75%ofourcommunicationisaccomplishedwithout大約60-75%的交流是在不說(shuō)話的情況下完成的。為了知道是要鼓勵(lì)說(shuō)話者，還是更開(kāi)放自己，有必要了解這個(gè)人的身體在說(shuō)什么。根據(jù)下文“About60-75%ofourcommunicationisaccomplishedwithoutspeaking.speaking.Inordertoknowwhethertoencouragethespeaker,ortoopenyourselfmore,it'sessentialtoknowwhattheperson'sbodyissaying.（大約60-75%的交流是在不說(shuō)話的情況下完成的。為了知道是要鼓勵(lì)說(shuō)話者，還是更開(kāi)放自己，有必要了解這個(gè)人的身體在說(shuō)什么）”可知，作者闡述了傾聽(tīng)說(shuō)話者肢體語(yǔ)言的重要性，也即話語(yǔ)本身以外的身體信號(hào)，從而判斷傾聽(tīng)者應(yīng)該采取怎樣的方式更好地促進(jìn)交流。A項(xiàng)：Listentonon-verbalcommunication.（傾聽(tīng)非語(yǔ)言交流）合乎題意。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“ItcanbedifficulttolistentoanotherpersonwhentheTVisscreaming,yourphoneisbuzzingandtherearethousandsofcarspassingby.（當(dāng)電視發(fā)出刺耳的聲音，你的手機(jī)嗡嗡作響，成千上萬(wàn)輛汽車駛過(guò)時(shí)，你很難去聽(tīng)別人說(shuō)話）”可知，前文敘述了在嘈雜、混亂的環(huán)境中良好的傾聽(tīng)一般難以達(dá)成，而后文中的“findaquiteplace（找一個(gè)安靜角落）”則應(yīng)是原文再現(xiàn)。由此可推斷出此空應(yīng)為與嘈雜環(huán)境相對(duì)照，找到一個(gè)安靜的地方，更有利于凝神傾聽(tīng)。G項(xiàng)：Whenyouremovethedistractionsandfindaquietplaceit’seasiertolistenattentively.（當(dāng)你排除干擾，找到一個(gè)安靜的地方，更容易專心傾聽(tīng)）合乎題意。故答案為G。第二部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GrowingupintheUSA,Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture.The____21____camewhenIwas15.Afterafewmonthsofplanningand____22____,Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyear____23____anexchangestudentinAustralia.____24____inPerthwasoneofthemostexcitingmomentsofmylife.Irealizedthenthattherewasnoturningback.ThefamilyIwouldlivewithwaswaitingforme,anditwouldonlybefivedays____25____thenewschoolyear.TheschoolIattendedwas____26____myschoolbackintheStates.Iwasquite____27____atfirst,especiallyneverhavingbeentoanewschool—evenintheUS.Everythingwentwithout____28____,though.Theteacherswerewelcomingandthestudentswerefriendly.Themost____29____timewastravellingwithotherexchangestudentsaroundAustraliaduringoursemesterbreak.Thefewweekswe____30____togetherwerefullofamazingactivities.Attheendofour____31____inAustralia,wehadthreeweekstoshareourstoriesandhelpeachotherdealwithleaving.Itwasonly____32____thatourlastdaytogetherwasfilledwithtears.Wepackedourcamp,____33____e-mailaddressesandgatheredtogetherforafinalgood-bye.Uponcominghome,anopenmindwasagainimportant.Resettlinghometooktimeand____34____,butatlastImadeit.Allthewhile,IwasthoughtfultolettingmyfamilyandfriendsknowhowhappyIwastobehomeandhow____35____Ihadmissedthem—thoughtheexperienceisstillunforgettablewithme.So,ifyouhavetheopportunitytostudyabroadyoumostcertainlyshould.21.A.task B.dream C.chance D.vacation22.A.packing B.convincing C.performing D.preparing23.A.as B.on C.for D.with24.A.Flying B.Landing C.Working D.Studying25A.since B.until C.after D.before26.A.similarto B.differentfrom C.asgoodas D.thesameas27.A.excited B.annoyed C.worried D.confused28.A.hope B.doubt C.difficulties D.argument29.A.valuable B.acceptable C.comfortable D.unforgettable30.A.spent B.lived C.studied D.worked31.A.stay B.visit C.trip D.holidays32.A.funny B.natural C.strange D.simple33.A.made B.wrote C.shared D.exchanged34.A.effort B.money C.ability D.wisdom35.A.many B.much C.most D.old【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.A32.B33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了作者作為交換生在澳大利亞體驗(yàn)不同的文化和學(xué)習(xí)的一段經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我15歲的時(shí)候，機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)了。A.task任務(wù)；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.vacation假期。根據(jù)前文“Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture”及后文“Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyear3anexchangestudentinAustralia.”可知，作者想體驗(yàn)不同國(guó)家文化的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)臨了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)月的計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，我做好準(zhǔn)備作為交換生在澳大利亞度過(guò)我高中一年級(jí)的第二學(xué)期。A.packing包裝；B.convincing相信；C.performing表演；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)前文“Afterafewmonthsofplanningand”及后文“3anexchangestudentinAustralia.”可知，作者作為交換生去澳大利亞學(xué)習(xí)，要提前計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)月的計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，我做好準(zhǔn)備作為交換生在澳大利亞度過(guò)我高中一年級(jí)的第二學(xué)期。A.as作為；B.on關(guān)于；C.for為了；D.with具有。根據(jù)后文“anexchangestudentinAustralia”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，作者是作為交換生去澳大利亞。符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：降落在珀斯是我一生中最激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻之一。A.Flying飛行；B.Landing降落；C.Working工作；D.Studying學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“inPerth”及“ThefamilyIwouldlivewithwaswaitingforme”可知，我來(lái)到了澳大利亞，故而是降落在澳大利亞的城市珀斯。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我將要寄宿的家庭正在等著我，離新學(xué)年開(kāi)學(xué)只有五天了。A.since自從；B.until直到；C.after在……之后；D.before在……之前。根據(jù)后文“thenewschoolyear”可知，作者是去做交換生的，所以應(yīng)是在新學(xué)年前到達(dá)。符合實(shí)際。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我上的學(xué)校和我在美國(guó)的學(xué)校不一樣。A.similarto與……相似；B.differentfrom不同于；C.asgoodas與……一樣好；D.thesameas與……相同。根據(jù)后文“Iwasquite7atfirst”可知，作者一開(kāi)始不適應(yīng)，新學(xué)校和美國(guó)的學(xué)校不一樣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一開(kāi)始我很擔(dān)心，尤其是我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)一所新學(xué)校——即使是在美國(guó)。A.excited激動(dòng)的；B.annoyed生氣的；C.worried擔(dān)憂的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)前文“especiallyneverhavingbeentoanewschool”可知，面對(duì)新環(huán)境，一開(kāi)始作者應(yīng)是很擔(dān)憂。符合實(shí)際。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過(guò)，一切都很順利。A.hope希望；B.doubt懷疑；C.difficulties困難；D.argument爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)后文“though”及“Theteacherswerewelcomingandthestudentswerefriendly”可知，一切都很順利，沒(méi)有任何困難。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最難忘的是在我們的學(xué)期假期和其他交換生一起在澳大利亞各地旅行。A.valuable有價(jià)值的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.comfortable舒適的；D.unforgettable難忘的。根據(jù)后文“travellingwithotherexchangestudentsaroundAustralia”及“fullofamazingactivities”和“theexperienceisstillunforgettablewithme”可知，和其他交換生一起旅行是一段難忘的經(jīng)歷。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一起度過(guò)的那幾個(gè)星期充滿了精彩的活動(dòng)。A.spent度過(guò)；B.lived居住；C.studied學(xué)習(xí)；D.worked工作。根據(jù)前文“Thefewweeks”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，作者和其他交換生一起度過(guò)難忘的幾周時(shí)間。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在澳大利亞的逗留結(jié)束時(shí)，我們有三個(gè)星期的時(shí)間來(lái)分享我們的故事，互相幫助處理離開(kāi)澳大利亞的事宜。A.stay逗留；B.visit參觀；C.trip旅行；D.holidays假日。根據(jù)后文“helpeachotherdealwithleaving”可知，在澳大利亞的交換學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束時(shí)，作者他們還有一些時(shí)間處理離開(kāi)澳大利亞的問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)谝黄鸬淖詈笠惶斐錆M了淚水，這是很自然的。A.funny有趣的；B.natural自然的；C.strange奇怪的；D.simple簡(jiǎn)單的。根據(jù)后文“ourlastdaytogetherwasfilledwithtears”可知，別離總是傷心的，這是情理之中的事。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們收拾好營(yíng)地，交換了電子郵件地址，聚在一起做最后的道別。A.made制作；B.wrote寫下；C.shared分享；D.exchanged交換。根據(jù)后文“e-mailaddresses”可知，作者他們交換了郵件地址，便于日后聯(lián)系。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：重新安頓下來(lái)花了我很多時(shí)間和精力，但最后我還是做到了。A.effort努力；B.money金錢；C.ability能力；D.wisdom智慧。根據(jù)前文“Resettlinghometooktime”可知，重新安頓下來(lái)是非常耗時(shí)耗力的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一直以來(lái)，我都很用心地讓我的家人和朋友知道，回到家我是多么高興，我是多么想念他們——盡管那段經(jīng)歷至今仍令我難以忘懷。A.many許多；B.much非常；C.most;最多；D.old老的。根據(jù)后文“Ihadmissedthem”可知，作者想讓家人朋友知道，作者多么想念他們，所以用howmuch意為“多么，表示程度”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhoinventedtheATM?Therehavebeen____36____(argue)foryearsoverwhoshouldofficiallygodowninhistoryas“theinventoroftheATM”.NowtheUKgovernmentis____37____(clear)sayingitwasJamesGoodfellowwhoinventedtheATM.Backinthemid-1960s,JamesGoodfellowwasworking____38____adevelopmentengineerforGlasgowfirmKelvinHughes,andhadbeenchargedwithinventingawaytoenablecustomerstowithdraw(取)cashfrombankswhenSaturdayopeningended.“Mostpeople____39____(work)duringtheweekcouldn’tgettothebank.Theywantedasolution.Thesolutionwasamachinewhichwouldissuecashondemandtoa____40____(recognize)customer,”hesaid.“Isetouttodevelopacash-issuingmachine,and____41____(make)thisareality,Iinventedthepin(personalidentificationnumber)andanassociatedcodedtoken(代幣).”Sofar,thecashmachine____42____(become)aworld-conqueringpieceoftechnology.Therearenow3millionATMsworldwide,with____43____numberforecasttohit4millionby2020.ThegoodnewsforGoodfellowis____44____peoplearebeginningtoknowhimforhisinvention.Even_____45_____(good)forhim,theHomeOfficehasnowofficiallyrecognizedhisotherachievement.【答案】36.arguments37.clearly38.as39.working40.recognized41.tomake42.hasbecome43.the44.that45.better【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了ATM的發(fā)明者以及ATM是如何被發(fā)明的?！?6題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：多年來(lái)，關(guān)于誰(shuí)應(yīng)該作為“自動(dòng)取款機(jī)的發(fā)明者”正式載入史冊(cè)直存在爭(zhēng)議。此處是therebe句型的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)have可知句子主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故答案為arguments。【37題詳解】考查副詞。句意：如今，英國(guó)政府明確表示，自動(dòng)取款機(jī)的發(fā)明者是JamesGoolellow。由句意此處應(yīng)填副詞形式，作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。故答案為clearly?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。句意：早在上世紀(jì)60年代中期，JamesGoodfellow就在格拉斯哥KelvinHughes公司擔(dān)任開(kāi)發(fā)工程師，負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)明一種方法，讓客戶在周六營(yíng)業(yè)結(jié)束時(shí)從銀行取出現(xiàn)金。workas“充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任”，固定搭配。故答案為as?！?9題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：大多數(shù)在工作日工作的人都去不了銀行。句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是couldn’tget，空處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，people和work之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，作后置定語(yǔ)。故答案為working。【40題詳解】考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：解決方案是一種可以根據(jù)需要向認(rèn)可的客戶發(fā)放現(xiàn)金的機(jī)器?？仗帒?yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，customer與recognize之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，作前置定語(yǔ)。故答案為recognized?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：我開(kāi)始研發(fā)一種現(xiàn)金發(fā)行機(jī)，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)，我發(fā)明了pin(個(gè)人身份證號(hào))和一個(gè)相關(guān)的編碼令牌。由句意可知此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞不定式，作目的狀語(yǔ)。故答案為tomake。【42題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，自動(dòng)取款機(jī)已經(jīng)成為一項(xiàng)征服世界的技術(shù)。空處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Sofar及主語(yǔ)thecashmachine可知此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形式hasbecome。故答案為hasbecome。【43題詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：目前全球共有300萬(wàn)臺(tái)自動(dòng)取款機(jī)，預(yù)計(jì)到2020年這一數(shù)字將達(dá)到400萬(wàn)臺(tái)。此處指代上文的3million，表示“特指”，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故答案為the。【44題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：對(duì)Goolellow來(lái)說(shuō)，好消息是人們開(kāi)始因?yàn)樗陌l(fā)明而認(rèn)識(shí)他。空格處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句不缺句子成分，應(yīng)用引導(dǎo)詞that，不作成分，不能省略。故答案為that?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)更好的是，theHomeOffice現(xiàn)在正式承認(rèn)了他的另一項(xiàng)成就。even此處意為“更加”，常用來(lái)修飾形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)，表示程度。故答案為better。第三節(jié)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)(共30小題;每小題1分，滿分30分)46.Thearticleillustratesthisfeature________(concrete)fromthreedifferentaspects.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】concretely【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：本文從三個(gè)不同的方面具體說(shuō)明了這一特點(diǎn)。由句意及空前的Thearticleillustratesthisfeature可知此處應(yīng)填副詞形式concretely，作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞illustrates。故填concretely。47.Isthisthemuseum________youoncevisited?(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】that##which【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這就是你曾經(jīng)參觀過(guò)的博物館嗎？此處為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為themuseum，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that/which。故填that/which。48.Thereissomedoubt__________heisthebestmanforthejob.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】whether【解析】【詳解】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：有人懷疑他是否是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明doubt的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合句意，引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。49.Her________(ambitious)istobecomeanartistaftergraduation.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】ambition【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：她的志向是畢業(yè)后成為一名藝術(shù)家。由句意及空前的Her及空后的istobecomeanartistaftergraduation可知應(yīng)填名詞形式ambition，作主語(yǔ)。故填ambition。50.________(see)fromthetopofahill,thecitylooksveryattractiv