河南省許昌市2023-2024學年高二上學期2月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

XCS2023—2024學年第一學期期末教學質(zhì)量檢測高二英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Vegetables.B.Orangejuice.C.Anemployee.2.WhatisPatwearing?A.Awhitehat.B.Awhiteshirt.C.Abrownshirt.3.Whatdidthemanborrowfromthewoman?A.HeriPhone.B.HeriPodC.Hergymbag.4.Whowillthemancall?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Ataxi.5.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shewaslateforschool.B.Shegotlostwhiledriving.C.Shecouldn'tfindaparkingspot.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutpuppies?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyneedshots.C.Theyeatvegetables.7.Whatdoestheboyoffertodo?A.Buildahouseforthepuppy.B.Takegoodcareofthepuppy.C.Givethepuppysomeofhisfood.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemanwantthedooroiled?A.It'sveryoldB.It'shardtoopen.C.Itmakestoomuchnoise.9.Whendoesthewomanusuallycomehome?A.Lateatnight.B.Inthemiddleoftheday.C.Earlyinthemorning.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanexpectfortheyear?A.It'llbefun.B.It'llbedifficult.C.It'llbeeasy.11.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.MajorinEnglish.B.Volunteeratthezoo.C.Attendmedicalschool.12.Howoftenwillthewomanbevolunteering?A.Everyday.B.Everyweekend.C.Threedaysaweek.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whodidthewomanjustmeet?A.Apsychologist.B.Herdoctor.C.Oneofherfriends.14.Whatmightbethecauseofthewoman'ssleepingproblems?A.Anxiety.B.Toomuchwork.C.Thepillsshetakes.15.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Exercisingoutdoors.B.Talkingmoreoftentoothers.C.Notusingthecomputerforawhile.16.Whendoesthemanusuallyfallasleep?A.At8pm.B.At9pm.C.At10pm.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whendidthestormstart?A.Thismorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Lastnight.18.Whohasbeenrescuedbyboat?A.Peoplelivinginlowareas.B.Peoplelivingnearthehills.C.Peoplelivingneartheocean.19.Howmanypeoplearewithoutpower?A.Thousands.B.Hundreds.C.Several.20.WhatdoestheWeatherServicesuggestpeopledo?A.Notleavetheirhomes.B.Turnofftheirelectricity.C.Drivecarefullythroughwater.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheBritishArtPrize2023Artists&IllustratorsisproudtoannouncethereturnoftheBritishArtPrize,amajorartcompetitionopentoartistsofalllevels.Allshortlisted(被列入候選名單的)artworkswillbeexhibitedataleadingLondongalleryinNovember2023.Shortlistedartistswillbeinvitedtoanopeningeveningreceptionalongsideartists,collectorsandotherVIPguests.PRIZBSTheBritishArtPrizehasfourfantasticprizes.Theyare:·FIRSTPRIZETheoverallwinneroftheBritishArtPrizewillreceivea￡3,000cashprize,aseven-nightluxuryAmaWaterwaysrivertripfortwoontheSeineworthover￡5,000,a￡250giftvoucher(禮券)fromRosemary&.Co,andasixfeatureinafutureissueofArtists&Illustrators.·SECONDPRIZEA￡500cashprize,aDerwentLightfastWoodenBox,aLightfastPaperPad(togetherworth￡520)andinclusionintheArtists&IllustratorsBritishArtPrizewinners’specialissue.·THIRDPRIZEA￡500cashprizeandinclusionintheArtists&IllustratorsBritishArtPrizewinners’specialissue.·PEOPLE’SCHOICEAWARDA￡1,000cashprize,aPegasusArtvoucherworth￡500andafeatureintheJanuary2024issueofArtists&Illustrators.HOWTOENTERSimplyvisitartistsandillustrators.co.uk/britishartprizeandfillouttheonlineform.Attachdigitalphotographsofyourartworkswhenrequestedandclickthe“submit”buttontocompleteyourentry.Theentryfeeforthefirstartworkis￡18and￡15foranyadditionalartwork.SELECTIONPROCESSSubmissionscloseat5p.m.onFriday,4thAugust.Ourjudgeswillselectashortlistof50artworks,includingthethreetopprizewinners.ThePeople’sChoiceAwardwillbedecidedbyapublicvote.TheBritishArtPrize2023shortlistwillbeannouncedonlineonSaturday,30thSeptemberandintheNovemberissueofArtists&Illustrators.1.Whenwilltheshortlistedartworksbeexhibited?A.InAugust2023. B.InSeptember2023.C.InNovember2023. D.InJanuary2024.2.Whichprize’swinnerwillbeprovidedwithavoyage?A.FirstPrize. B.SecondPrize.C.ThirdPrize. D.People’sChoiceAward.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyousubmitthreeartworks?A.￡33. B.￡36. C.￡45. D.￡48.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了2023年英國藝術(shù)獎的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Allshortlisted(被列入候選名單的)artworkswillbeexhibitedataleadingLondongalleryinNovember2023.

(所有入圍作品將于2023年11月在倫敦一家知名畫廊展出。)”可知，所有入圍作品將于2023年11月在倫敦一家知名畫廊展出。故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FIRSTPRIZE部分中“TheoverallwinneroftheBritishArtPrizewillreceivea￡3,000cashprize,aseven-nightluxuryAmaWaterwaysrivertripfortwoontheSeineworthover￡5,000(英國藝術(shù)獎的總冠軍將獲得3000英鎊的現(xiàn)金獎勵，以及價值超過5000英鎊的阿瑪水道塞納河七晚豪華雙人游)”可知，F(xiàn)IRSTPRIZE為獲獎者提供一次旅行。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HOWTOENTER部分中“Theentryfeeforthefirstartworkis￡18and￡15foranyadditionalartwork.(第一件作品的報名費為18英鎊，其他作品的報名費為15英鎊。)”可知，如果提交三件作品，第一件為18英鎊，第二件和第三件共計30英鎊，故一共為48英鎊。故選D。BFélix“Andarin”Carvajalwasabornrunner.Asaboy,hespenthischildhoodrunningupanddownnearbyhills.Yearslater,asapostman,Carvajalbecamewell-knowninthecityofHavana,andeventually,hebegantoputhisfametouse,seekingoutdonationssohemightrepresentCubaasamarathonrunneratthe1904SummerOlympicsinSt.Louis,Missouri.Atthetime,therewasnostatesupportforOlympicathletesinCuba.Butevenwiththemoney,Carvajalnearlydidn’tmakeitthere.HisjourneytotheGamestookhimfirsttoNewOrleans，wherehelostallthemoneyhehadsavedupforthetrip.Inaforeigncity,CarvajalbegantowalknorthupalongtheMississippiRivertoSt.Louis.Itwashundredsofmiles,butbetweenwalkingandhitching(搭便車)rides,hewasabletoreachSt.Louisintimeforhisevent.ItwasAugustinSt.LouisandCarvajalstoodinthestagingarea，hungryandoutofshapeandtired.Carvajaltookofftoacommandingearlyleaddespitethefactthathehadnoteatenfortwodays.Carvajalhadneverparticularlybelievedinpacinghimself.Carvajalwasmostlyself-trainedandhisideasaboutrunninghadalwaysbeenstraightforward:torunfarandrunfastandrununtilyoucan’tgoanymore.But26.2milesisalongdistance.Carvajalwasreportedtohavepickedandeatenfivegreenappleswhilerunningandbecamebadlyillwithastomachache.Miraculously,Carvajalmanagedtoreturntotheraceandfinishinfourthplace.The1904OlympicswasthepeakofCarvajal’sinternationalcareer.Butheremainedarunnerfortherestofhislife.At55yearsold,CarvajalrantheentirelengthofCubaalongthecountry’smainhighway,adistanceofnearly700miles.Towardtheendofhislife,heperformedashortrunningdemonstration.“ThisistoshowyouthatIstillrun,”hetoldthecrowd.4.WhatdidCarvajalusehisfametodo?A.Getajobasapostman.B.Inspiremorepeopletorun.C.SupportprofessionalathletesinCuba.D.RaisemoneyforhistriptotheOlympics.5.WhathappenedtoCarvajalaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Helostallhismoney. B.Hegotlostinaforeigncity.C.HetraveledroundNewOrleans. D.HewalkedtotheMississippiRiver.6.WhatdidCarvajalbelievein?A.Keepingpacewithmostrunners.BRunningfastfromthebeginning.C.Speedingupinthemiddleofarace.D.Runningatanaveragespeedallthrougharace.7.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Amanalwaysinneed. B.Amanbornformedals.C.Amanalwaysonthemove. D.Amandevotedtocharity.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了熱愛運動Carvajal，堅持跑步的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yearslater,asapostman,Carvajalbecamewell-knowninthecityofHavana,andeventually,hebegantoputhisfametouse,seekingoutdonationssohemightrepresentCubaasamarathonrunneratthe1904SummerOlympicsinSt.Louis,Missouri.Atthetime,therewasnostatesupportforOlympicathletesinCuba.”（多年以后，作為一名郵遞員，卡瓦哈爾在哈瓦那市聲名鵲起，最終，他開始利用自己的名聲，尋求捐款，以便在密蘇里州圣路易斯的1904年夏季奧林匹克運動會上代表古巴參加馬拉松比賽。當時，古巴沒有國家對奧運會運動員的支持。）可知，在Carvajal出名后，Carvajal利用自己的名聲為自己能代表古巴參加1904年夏季奧林匹克尋求捐款。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butevenwiththemoney,Carvajalnearlydidn’tmakeitthere.HisjourneytotheGamestookhimfirsttoNewOrleans，wherehelostallthemoneyhehadsavedupforthetrip.”（但即使有了錢，卡瓦哈爾也差點沒能到達那里。他的奧運之旅首先把他帶到了新奧爾良，在那里他失去了所有為這次旅行積攢的錢。）可知，在去參加奧運會的途中——奧爾良，他失去了所有為這次旅行積攢的錢。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Carvajalwasmostlyself-trainedandhisideasaboutrunninghadalwaysbeenstraightforward:torunfarandrunfastandrununtilyoucan’tgoanymore.”（卡瓦哈爾基本上是自學成才，他對跑步的想法一直很直接:跑得遠，跑得快，跑到你再也跑不動為止。）可知，在Carvajal看來，跑步就是跑得遠，跑得快，跑到你再也跑不動為止。即他認為從一開始就要跑的快。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章一開始提到天生愛跑步的Carvajal在自己成名后，他利用自己的名聲為自己能代表古巴參加1904年夏季奧林匹克尋求捐款。隨后的內(nèi)容提到了他在奧運會上獲得了第四名的成績，這成為了他運動生涯的巔峰，此后在他的余生中，他一直是一名跑步者。55歲時，Carvajal跑完了整個古巴，直至他生命的最后，他依舊做了一個簡短的跑步演示。告訴人們，他還在跑步，所以文章的標題可以為“一直在跑步的人”，選項C符合題意，故選C。C400milliontonsofplasticaregeneratedannually,mostofwhichcomesfromsingle-useplasticWhilecountriesaremakingprogressinreducingthiswastethroughpaperbagsandstraws,therearestillapplicationswherethepropertiesofplasticarenecessary.Transparent(透明的)woodisanalternativeforsuchapplicationsandishighlypreferredsinceitpreventstheharmofpetroleum-derived(石油衍生的)plasticproducts.GermanscientistSiegfriedFinkfirstcreatedtransparentwoodintheyear1992,andoverthepastthreedecadesithasbeensignificantlyimprovedbyotherresearchersaswell.Initsnaturalform,woodisnottransparent.However,researchershavefoundthatremovinglignin,anaturallyoccurringbiopolymerthatprovidesstructuralsupportfortheplanttissue,canmakeittransparent.Todoso,thewoodissoakedinawarmsolutionconsistingofmultiplechemicals,followedbyboilingitinanothersolution.Thisremovesthelignincompletelyandturnsthewoodwhite.However,thespacethatwasoccupiedbyligninneedstobefilleduptomaintainstructuralintegrity.Thisprocessisdonebyusingaresin(樹脂)atatemperatureof185Fahrenheit(85℃).Thefinalproductcanhaveasmuchas90transparency,anditdoesn’tbreakeasily.Moreimportantly,itismorebiodegradablethanglassorplastic.Whiletransparentwoodisn’tcommercialyet,ithasbeenemployedinawidevarietyofapplicationsrangingfromconstructiontoenergystorage,makingflexibleelectronicsandpackaging.TheresearchersattheIndianInstituteofTechnology(IIT)conductedalife-cycleanalysis(LCA)oftransparentwoodtodeterminetheenvironmentalimpactofitsproductionandend-of-life(EOL)cycle.Thestudyfoundthatusinghydrogenperoxidefordelignification,followedbyusingepoxyforinfiltration,wasthemosteco-friendly.Whenscaledupforindustrialproduction,theformermethodwouldlowerelectricityconsumptionbyasmuchas98.8percent.EOLanalysisshowedthattransparentwoodhadareducedecologicalimpactcomparedtopolyethylene(聚乙烯),pavingthewayforittobecommerciallyadaptedtoreplacethepetroleum-basedmaterial.8.Whyistransparentwoodpreferredcomparedtoplastic?A.Itiseasiertomake. B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itcanbeusedlonger. D.Itcanbeusedrepeatedly.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thenaturalformofwood. B.Theimportanceofchemicals.C.Howtransparentwoodismade. D.Howligninkeepswoodstrong.10.WhatdidtheresearchersatIITfindabouttransparentwood?A.Itcanberecycled.B.Itwillreplaceplasticsoon.C.Themosteco-friendlywaytoproduceit.D.Potentialdamagecausedbyittotheenvironment.11.Whatcanbeexpectedoftransparentwood’smarketing?A.Promising. B.Difficult. C.Profitable. D.Uncertain.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是透明木材的制作和優(yōu)點?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Transparent(透明的)woodisanalternativeforsuchapplicationsandishighlypreferredsinceitpreventstheharmofpetroleum-derived(石油衍生的)plasticproducts.(透明木材是這種應用的替代品，由于它可以防止石油衍生塑料產(chǎn)品的危害，因此非常受歡迎)”可知，透明木材比塑料更受歡迎，因為它是環(huán)保的。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“Todoso,thewoodissoakedinawarmsolutionconsistingofmultiplechemicals,followedbyboilingitinanothersolution.Thisremovesthelignincompletelyandturnsthewoodwhite.However,thespacethatwasoccupiedbyligninneedstobefilleduptomaintainstructuralintegrity.Thisprocessisdonebyusingaresin(樹脂)atatemperatureof185Fahrenheit(85℃).(為此，將木材浸泡在含有多種化學物質(zhì)的溫溶液中，然后在另一種溶液中煮沸。這樣可以完全去除木質(zhì)素，使木材變成白色。然而，木質(zhì)素所占據(jù)的空間需要被填滿，以保持結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。這個過程是通過在185華氏度（85℃）的溫度下使用樹脂來完成的)”可知，第三段主要講的是透明木材是如何制成的。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Thestudyfoundthatusinghydrogenperoxidefordelignification,followedbyusingepoxyforinfiltration,wasthemosteco-friendly.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用雙氧水去木質(zhì)素，其次使用環(huán)氧樹脂滲透，是最環(huán)保的)”可知，IIT的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)透明木材最環(huán)保的生產(chǎn)方式。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“EOLanalysisshowedthattransparentwoodhadareducedecologicalimpactcomparedtopolyethylene,pavingthewayforittobecommerciallyadaptedtoreplacethepetroleum-basedmaterial.(EOL分析表明，與聚乙烯相比，透明木材對生態(tài)的影響更小，為其在商業(yè)上取代石油基材料鋪平了道路)”可推知，透明木材是有前途的。故選A。DThefruit-treepinholeborer(針孔蛀蟲),asitsnameimplies,makesholesinfruittrees.Itlaysitseggsandraisesitsyounginthegalleriesthuscreated.Yetthebeetles(甲蟲)donotfeeddirectlyonthewoodtheyboreinto.Instead,theydevourfungi(真菌)thatgrowonthewoodthusexposed.Researchershavelongsuspectedthatthisisaformoffarming,becausetheyhaveevidencethatthebeetlescarryspores(孢子)oftheirpreferredcrop,R.sulphurea,intotheirsmallholdings—ineffect,sowingitthere.Observationsofnaturalfruit-treepinhole-borerdwellingssuggestthatR.sulphureagrowsinthemmoreabundantly(大量地)thanmightbeexpected,givenallthefungalcompetitionaround—butnotwhy.Tocheckwhetherthebeetlesare,indeed,weedingtheircrop,JaninaDiehlandPeterBiedermannoftheUniversityofFreiburgdidanexperiment.Inthelaboratory,theyhadmotherbeetlesofthelittlewoodborerestablishnests,inwhichthetypicalfungalgardensformed.Butbeforethebeetleshadstartedlayingtheireggs,theycollectedallofthebeetlesandthenreturnedhalftotheirdwellingswhileleavingtheothernestsempty.Geneticanalysisofthefungalgardensafter40daysshowedthatthepresenceofthebeetleshadgreatlychangedthefungalcommunity.Twentydaysafterthat,theysampledthegallerywallsforfungi.Astheyhadhopedandexpected,R.sulphureawasmuchmoreabundantinbeetle-tendedgalleriesthaninthosewithoutresidents.Intheformer,itmadeuphalfofthefungalmassextracted.Inthelatter,lessthanathird.Thesebeetlesareindeedweedingtheircrop.“Furtherresearchintohowexactlythebeetlessuppressthegrowthofweedfungicouldalsoprovideworthwhileinsightsforhumanagriculture,whichisstrugglingwithweedresistance,forexample,”saysBiedermann.“It’shighlyexcitingforustoseehownaturehasbeendoingthisfor60millionyears.Wehumanscanstilllearnsomethingfromthesemechanisms.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devour”inparagraph1mean?A.Sow. B.Tend. C.Eat. D.Move.13.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsofnestsdifferent?A.Thenumberofthemotherbeetles. B.Thepresenceofthebeetles.C.Thequalityoffoodfungi. D.Thetypesofweedfungi.14.WhatdidDiehlfindaboutthefruit-treepinholeborer?A.Theyweedcrops. B.Theyfeedonfruit.C.Theyliveingroups. D.Theylayeggsintrees.15.WhatcanbelearnedfromBiedermann’swords?A.Theresearchfindingsareoflittlevalue.B.Measuresshouldbetakentoprotectthebeetles.C.Fungicausemuchdamagetohumanagriculture.DFurtherresearchtothebeetlesmightbenefitfarmers.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了弗萊堡大學的JaninaDiehl和PeterBiedermann做了一個實驗，表明甲蟲可以幫助除草?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Yetthebeetles(甲蟲)donotfeeddirectlyonthewoodtheyboreinto.(然而，甲蟲并不直接以它們鉆進的木頭為食。)”和“Instead(相反)”可知，劃線詞所在的句子意為：它們會吞食生長在暴露在外的木頭上的真菌。由此可知，devour意為“吞食，吞吃”。故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Butbeforethebeetleshadstartedlayingtheireggs,theycollectedallofthebeetlesandthenreturnedhalftotheirdwellingswhileleavingtheothernestsempty.Geneticanalysisofthefungalgardensafter40daysshowedthatthepresenceofthebeetleshadgreatlychangedthefungalcommunity.(但是在甲蟲開始產(chǎn)卵之前，他們收集了所有的甲蟲，然后把一半的甲蟲送回它們的住所，而把其他的巢穴空著。40天后對真菌園的遺傳分析表明，甲蟲的存在極大地改變了真菌群落。)”可知，兩組巢穴在甲蟲的存在方面是不同的。故選B。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Tocheckwhetherthebeetlesare,indeed,weedingtheircrop,JaninaDiehlandPeterBiedermannoftheUniversityofFreiburgdidanexperiment.(為了驗證甲蟲是否真的在給它們的作物除草，弗萊堡大學的JaninaDiehl和PeterBiedermann做了一個實驗。)”和文章第五段“Thesebeetlesareindeedweedingtheircrop.(這些甲蟲確實在除草。)”可知，Diehl發(fā)現(xiàn)針孔蛀蟲給莊稼除草。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Furtherresearchintohowexactlythebeetlessuppressthegrowthofweedfungicouldalsoprovideworthwhileinsightsforhumanagriculture,whichisstrugglingwithweedresistance,forexample,”saysBiedermann.(“進一步研究甲蟲如何抑制雜草真菌的生長，也可以為人類農(nóng)業(yè)提供有價值的見解，例如，人類農(nóng)業(yè)正與雜草抗性作斗爭，”Biedermann說。)”可知，從Biedermann的話中我們可以了解到對甲蟲的進一步研究可能會使農(nóng)民受益。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AvoidinglonelinessItdoesn’tfollowthatyou’relonelyjustbecauseyoulivealone,butthere’sevidencethatitcanaffectyourhealth,increasingyourriskofheartdisease,cancer,andmentalhealthproblems.____16____.Acknowledgingitandtryingtounderstandwhat’scausingyoutofeelthatwayisthefirststeptodoingsomethingaboutit.____17____.InsteadofwatchingTVorcheckingyourphone,goforawalkandchatwithsomeone.Betterstill,offertotakeaneighbor'sdogforawalk—dogownersloveother’dog’people!Buildyourcommunityonline.Theinternethasthepotentialtobringlike-mindedpeopletogether.____18____.TryaneighbourhoodapplikeNextDoororNearcircles.Youmaytakepartinafitnesscommunity(groupworkoutsorarunningclub),aworkcommunity(co-workingspace),orahobbycommunity(awriters’meetup).Yourlocallibrarywillalsobeabletohelpyoufindactivitiesandwhat’sonnearhome.Pickupthephone.Ormakeavideocall.Don’twaitforfamilyandfriendstomakethefirstmove;getintouchforachatandmakeitahabit.Getinvolved.____19____.Helpingoutatthelocalfoodbankorcharityshopwillnotonlygiveyouawarm,happyfeeling,butyou’llalsogettomeetothervolunteers—anditwillgiveyousomethingtotalkaboutwithfriends.Planahead.Everyone’sbusy,sogettingpeopletogethercantakeorganisationandmotivation.____20____.A.MaketimeforpeopleB.TalkaboutyourfeelingsC.So,ifattimesyoufeellonesome,don’tignoreitD.Don’tbeembarrassedatthecausesofyourlonelinessE.However,itneedstotranslateintomeetingupinreallifeF.Ratherthanunclearlysuggestingmeetingup,followupquicklywithaproposeddateG.Volunteeringisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth,andallowsyoutoconnectwithpeople【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了避免孤獨的策略?！?6題詳解】由上文“Itdoesn’tfollowthatyou’relonelyjustbecauseyoulivealone,butthere’sevidencethatitcanaffectyourhealth,increasingyourriskofheartdisease,cancer,andmentalhealthproblems.(這并不意味著你孤獨只是因為你獨自生活，但有證據(jù)表明它會影響你的健康，增加你患心臟病、癌癥和精神健康問題的風險。)”可知，要重視孤獨，故C選項“So,ifattimesyoufeellonesome,don’tignoreit(所以，如果你有時感到孤獨，不要忽視它)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選C?！?7題詳解】由下文“InsteadofwatchingTVorcheckingyourphone,goforawalkandchatwithsomeone.Betterstill,offertotakeaneighbor'sdogforawalk—dogownersloveother’dog’people!(與其看電視或看手機，不如出去走走，找人聊聊天。更好的辦法是，主動幫鄰居遛狗，因為主人喜歡其他“狗”人！)”可知，本空要說跟“幫助人們”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項“Maketimeforpeople(為人們騰出時間)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選A?！?8題詳解】由上文“Buildyourcommunityonline.Theinternethasthepotentialtobringlike-mindedpeopletogether.(建立你的在線社區(qū)?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)有可能把志趣相投的人聚集在一起。)”可知，本空要說跟“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項“However,itneedstotranslateintomeetingupinreallife(然而，它需要轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實生活中的會面)”能與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，強調(diào)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中建立的關(guān)系需要轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實中的會面，符合題意。故選E?！?9題詳解】由下文“Helpingoutatthelocalfoodbankorcharityshopwillnotonlygiveyouawarm,happyfeeling,butyou’llalsogettomeetothervolunteers—anditwillgiveyousomethingtotalkaboutwithfriends.(在當?shù)氐氖称枫y行或慈善商店幫忙不僅會給你一種溫暖、快樂的感覺，而且你還會遇到其他志愿者——這將給你一些和朋友談論的話題。)”可知，本空要說跟“志愿者”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項“Volunteeringisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth,andallowsyoutoconnectwithpeople(志愿服務有利于身心健康，并使你能夠與他人建立聯(lián)系)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選G?！?0題詳解】由上文“Planahead.Everyone’sbusy,sogettingpeopletogethercantakeorganisationandmotivation.(提前計劃。每個人都很忙，所以把人們聚集在一起需要組織和動力。)”可知，本空要說跟“計劃會面”有關(guān)的話題，故F選項“Ratherthanunclearlysuggestingmeetingup,followupquicklywithaproposeddate(與其含糊地建議會面，不如迅速跟進擬定的日期)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Myfamilyalwayshadsomesortofanimalaround,butnoneofthemweretrulymine.Myparentsdidn’tpermitmeto____21____myownuntilIwassevenyearsold.Finally,Iwas____22____tohavemyown____23____,afishcalledGeorge.Isaiditwasmyresponsibilityto____24____it.EveryFridayIwouldcleanouthisbowl.Ifoundmyself____25____invitationstogosomewhereimmediatelyafterschool,becauseIwouldhavetofeedmyfishfirst.EverydayhewouldremindmethatIwas____26____andthatIhadsomeonedependingonme.Oneday,Icamehomefromschoolandheadedtomyroomto____27____George.Ifounda____28____thinghadhappened.I____29____mybagandranovertothebowl.IsawmybestfriendGeorgefloatingaroundlifeless.Mymomwalkedintomyroom.Iturnedaroundastearsstartedtowellinmyeyes.“MommyGeorged…d…died.”Withthat_____30_____wordIstartedcryinguncontrollably.MymomcametomysideasIhidmyfaceinmypillows.Suddenly,IrealizedthatGeorgehadn’tjust_____31_____me.Hehadtaughtmewhat_____32_____meant.Ilearneditthroughfeedinghimandcleaninghisbowl.Thismademefeel_____33_____.Tomyseven-year-oldself,thiswasagreat_____34_____.Slowly,asmilecrossedmyface.Georgewasgone._____35_____,thelessonshetaughtmewouldforeverbecarvedintomymemory.21.A.draw B.imagine C.have D.share22.A.doubtful B.excited C.surprised D.afraid23.A.toy B.mind C.time D.pet24.A.takecareof B.makeuseof C.getholdof D.lookforwardto25.A.readingout B.puttingaway C.turningdown D.showingoff26.A.replaced B.recognized C.affected D.needed27.A.feed B.save C.impress D.find28.A.basic B.terrible C.funny D.familiar29.A.dropped B.emptied C.hid D.checked30.A.common B.last C.extra D.new31.A.left B.reminded C.defeated D.chosen32.A.preference B.independence C.difficulty D.responsibility33.A.safe B.good C.sorry D.tired34.A.agreement B.treatment C.disappointment D.achievement35.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.However D.Therefore【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.A30.B31.A32.D33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在作者7歲的時候，媽媽給了他一個寵物，一條名為George的魚。作者覺得照顧好這條魚是他的責任。后來George死了，但是George教會了他什么叫責任?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母直到我七歲才允許我擁有自己的（寵物）。A.draw畫畫；B.imagine想象；C.have有；D.share分享。根據(jù)下文“Iwas____2____tohavemyown”可知，作者直到7歲才被允許擁有自己的寵物。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我很高興有了自己的寵物，一條叫喬治的魚。A.doubtful懷疑的；B.excited興奮的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)上文“Myfamilyalwayshadsomesortofanimalaround,butnoneofthemweretrulymine.”可知，作者一直沒有自己的寵物，現(xiàn)在有了，應該是很興奮。故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.toy玩具；B.mind思想；C.time時間；D.pet寵物。根據(jù)“afishcalledGeorge.”可知，這條叫George的魚是作者的寵物。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我說過照顧好它是我的責任。A.takecareof照顧；B.makeuseof利用；C.getholdof抓??；D.lookforwardto期待。根據(jù)下文“EveryFridayIwouldcleanouthisbowl.”可知，作者覺得自己有責任照顧好這條魚。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會拒絕放學后馬上去某個地方的邀請，因為我得先喂魚。A.readingout大聲讀；B.puttingaway把……收起來；C.turningdown拒絕，調(diào)?。籇.showingoff炫耀。根據(jù)“becauseIwouldhavetofeedmyfishfirst.”可知，因為要喂魚，作者拒絕了同學的邀請。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天他都會提醒我，有人需要我，有人在依靠著我。A.replaced代替；B.recognized識別；C.affected影響；D.needed需要。根據(jù)“thatIhadsomeonedependingonme.”可知，作者覺得George需要他。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我從學?；氐郊?，去我的房間喂喬治。A.feed喂養(yǎng)；B.save拯救；C.impress給……留下深刻印象；D.find找到。根據(jù)上文“Ifoundmyself____5____invitationstogosomewhereimmediatelyafterschool,becauseIwouldhavetofeedmyfishfirst.”可知，作者每天回家第一件事就是喂George。故選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生了一件可怕的事情。A.basic基礎(chǔ)的；B.terrible可怕的；C.funny有趣的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)““Mommy,Georged…d…died.””可知，George死了，這對作者來說是一件可怕的事情。故選B。29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我扔下包，跑到魚缸邊。A.dropped使落下；B.emptied倒空，騰空；C.hid隱藏；D.checked檢查。根據(jù)“Oneday,Icamehomefromschool”可知，此處指作者放下書包。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：說完最后一個字，我不由自主地哭了起來。A.common普通的；B.last最后的；C.extra額外的；D.new新的。根據(jù)“Istartedcryinguncontrollably.”可知，這里是指作者哭之前說完的最后一個字。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我意識到喬治并沒有離開我。A.left離開；B.reminded提醒；C.defeated打?。籇.chosen選擇。根據(jù)下文“Hehadtaughtmewhat____12____meant.Ilearneditthroughfeedinghimandcleaninghisbowl.”可知，坐著覺得George沒有離開自己。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他教會了我責任的意義。A.preference偏愛；B.independence獨立；C.difficulty困難；D.responsibility責任。根據(jù)上文“Isaiditwasmyresponsibilityto____4____it.”可知，此處是信息詞responsibility的詞匯復現(xiàn)。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我感覺很好。A.safe安全的；B.good好的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.tired勞累的。根據(jù)“Hehadtaughtmewhat____12____meant.Ilearneditthroughfeedinghimandcleaninghisbowl.”可知，作者覺得自己通過喂魚和清理魚缸學會了責任的意義，這讓他感覺很好。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對7歲的我來說，這是一個偉大的成就。A.agreement同意；B.treatment治療；C.disappointment失望；D.achievement成就。根據(jù)上文“Hehadtaughtmewhat____12____meant”可知，作者認為在自己這個年齡學會責任的意義是一個偉大的成就。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他教給我的教訓將永遠銘刻在我的記憶中。A.Otherwise否則；B.Besides此外；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。上文提到“George去世了”，下文提到“他教給我的教訓將永遠銘刻在我的記憶中?！?，上下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Haveyoueverwonderedwhatlifeislikenow____36____(compare)to,say,the1980sorthe1990s?IwenttoasksomepeopleIknowwhowereadultsinthe‘80sand90s’,andtheanswerIgotwasthat“Overall,lifeisalot___37___(good)now!”Thisdidn’treallysurpriseme.Imean,thesedayswe’vegotmobilephonesandtheinternetandsoon—but____38____(actual)thoseweren’tthethingstheytalkedabout.Sowhatdidtheytalkabout?For____39____start,wedon’thavetoworkphysicallyhardsincenowtherearealotofthingslikedishwashersforhousework.Thenthere’sthematterofhow,thesedays,__