小學(xué)英語(yǔ)介詞講解及練習(xí)

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)介詞總結(jié)介詞（Preposition）一、概述介詞是英語(yǔ)中很活躍的詞，一般置于名詞之前。它常和名詞或名詞性詞語(yǔ)構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。同一個(gè)介詞常和不同的詞語(yǔ)搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意義。二、常用介詞的基本用法at①表示時(shí)間：Igotoschoolatseveneveryday我每天早上7點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。②表示在某一具體地點(diǎn)：Heisstandingatthebusstop他站在公共汽車站。③表示動(dòng)作的方向、目標(biāo)：Letmehavealookatthepicture讓我看看這幅圖。④用于某些固定搭配：atonce立刻、馬上atlast最后atthesametime同時(shí)atfirst開始時(shí)notatall一點(diǎn)也不about①表示大約時(shí)間：I'saboutsixo'clocknow.現(xiàn)在大約6點(diǎn)鐘了。②表示地點(diǎn)；在……周圍：Everthingaboutmeissobeautiful我周圍的一切都那么美好。③關(guān)于，對(duì)于：Wearetalkingaboutthenews.我們正在談?wù)撔侣?。after①在……之后：AfterdinnerIwatchTV.晚飯后我看電視。②在……后面：Hecameintotheroomafterme.他在我后面進(jìn)了房間。behind①在……之后：Thereisabikebehindthetree.樹后有一輛自行車②比……晚，遲于：Thetrainisbehindtime.火車晚點(diǎn)了by①在……旁：Heissittingbythebed.他正坐在床邊。②到……時(shí)候：WehavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsbynow.到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了三首英文歌曲。③以……方式：Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。④用于某些固定搭配：onebyone一個(gè)接一個(gè)bytheway順便說(shuō)一句for①為，給，替：I'llmakeacardformyteacher.我要給老師做張卡片。②由于：Thankyouforhelpingme.謝謝你幫我。③表示給（某人）用的：Thereisletterforyou.這兒有你一封信。in①在……里面：Thepencilisinthedesk.鉛筆在課桌里。②在一段時(shí)間里：Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.我們上午有四節(jié)課。③用，以：What'sthisinEnglish?這用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)？④在某一年份，季節(jié)，月份：in2002,inspring,inJanuary⑤表示狀態(tài)，服飾：Helenisinyellow.海倫身穿黃色衣服。⑥在……方面：HeisweakinEnglish.他的英語(yǔ)不行。⑦用于某些固定搭配：infrontof在……前面intheend最后intime及時(shí)like①像……樣：Helookslikehisfather.他像他的父親。②這樣，那樣：Don'tlookatmelikethat.別那樣看著我。③怎樣：What'stheweatherlike?天氣怎樣。near靠近，在……附近：Mybedisnearthewindow.我的床在窗戶旁。of①的（表示所屬關(guān)系）：Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.這是一張我家的照片。②……的（用于所有格）：Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一個(gè)朋友。③表示數(shù)量（與連詞連用）：OneofusisfromBeijing.我們中有一個(gè)來(lái)自北京④想到，談到：Ioftenthinkofthem.我常常想到他們。⑤用于某些固定搭配：ofcourse當(dāng)然becauseof因?yàn)?，由于on①在……上面：Therearesomeappleonthetree.樹上有些蘋果。②在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）：TheygotoEnglishclassonSunday.星期天他們?nèi)ド嫌⒄Z(yǔ)課。IleftBeijingonthemorningofMay1.我在5月1日早上離開北京。③用于某些固定搭配：onduty值日ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)over①在……正上方：Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子上方有一盞燈。②遍及，穿過(guò)：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有座橋橫跨那條河。③超過(guò)，不止：Sheisalittleover2.她兩歲多了。to①到，往，向：Hewalkstothewindow.他走向窗戶。在范圍之外，如果兩地接壤就用on不接壤的用toBeijingisinthenorthofChina.JapanistotheeastofChina.ShanxiProvinceisonthewestofHebei1.at表示"在處"，一般指較小的比較具體的地點(diǎn)。如：Heisn'tatschool.Heisathome.他不在學(xué)校，他在家。2.in表示"在內(nèi)部；在里面"的意思。如：Whatisinthebox?盒子里有什么？3.on表示"在某物的上面"，但兩者互相接觸。如：Mybooksareonthattable.我的書在那張桌子上。4.under表示"在某物垂直的正下方"，兩者之間不接觸。如：Mycatisundermychair.我的貓?jiān)谖业囊巫酉隆?.behind表示"在某物體的后面"。如：Thebroomisbehindthedoor.笤帚在門后。6.infrontof表示"在的前面"，正好與behind相反。如：Therearesomebigtreesinfrontofourclassroom.我們教室前面有幾棵大樹。7.near表示"在某物體的附近"，意為"接近、靠近"。如：Theballisnearthedoor.球在門旁邊。介詞in,on,under,behind是表示靜態(tài)位置的介詞也可以參考這些介詞用法口訣早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、點(diǎn)與分。年、月、年月、季節(jié)、周，陽(yáng)光、燈、影、衣、冒in。將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)in...以后，小處at大處in。有形with無(wú)形by，語(yǔ)言、單位、材料in。特征、方面與方式，心情成語(yǔ)慣用in。介詞at和to表方向，攻擊、位置、惡、善分。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、農(nóng)場(chǎng)、值日on，關(guān)于、基礎(chǔ)、靠、著論。著、罷、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，準(zhǔn)。特定時(shí)日和"一……就"，on后常接動(dòng)名詞。年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。步行、驢、馬、玩笑on，cab，carriage則用in。at山腳、門口、在當(dāng)前，速、溫、日落、價(jià)、核心。工具、和、同隨with，具有、獨(dú)立、就、原因。就……來(lái)說(shuō)賓譯主，對(duì)、有、方狀、表細(xì)分。海、陸、空、車、偶、被by，單數(shù)、人類knowtoman。this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介詞省略已習(xí)慣。over、under正上下，above、below則不然，若與數(shù)量詞連用，混合使用亦無(wú)關(guān)。'beyond超出、無(wú)、不能，against靠著，對(duì)與反。besides，except分內(nèi)外，among之內(nèi)along沿。同類比較except，加for異類記心間。原狀becauseof,、owingto、dueto表語(yǔ)形容詞under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。before、after表一點(diǎn),ago、later表一段。before能接完成時(shí)，ago過(guò)去極有限。since以來(lái)during間，since時(shí)態(tài)多變換。與之相比beside，除了lastbutone。復(fù)不定for、找、價(jià)、原，對(duì)、給、段、去、為、作、贊?？斓?、對(duì)、向towards，工、學(xué)、軍、城、北、上、南。butfor否定用虛擬，復(fù)合介詞待后言。ing型由于鑒，除了除外與包合。之后、關(guān)于、在方面，有關(guān)介詞須記全。in內(nèi)to外表位置，山、水、國(guó)界to在前。1\thefirstday________school2\________theschoolplayground3\_________classes4\_________Wednesday5\__________afarm6\pull_________carrots7\alot_______fruittrees8\live_________atown9\________theweekends12\look_______them10\_________thesittingroom11\________the4th______November13\_________theplayground14\_______theschoolhall15\________NewYear16\talk_______hisstudents_______holidays17\_________ChristmasDay18\haveabiglunch_________myfamily19\dress________________costumes24\__________MumandDad.20\_________SeptemberorOctober21\________hisgrandpa?ˉshouse22\_________theChristmastree23\________me30\abook________holidays25\_________English26\________Christmas27\play________lanterns28\________ChristmasDay29\thenames_______theday??′e??￡o°2ù??·-ò???2010-6-1118:29youlikeaapple.￡¨DT??2???￡?′e°?￡oa??3éan??′e??￡o124.237.63.*2010-6-1517:091\thefirstday(of)school2\(in)theschoolplayground3\(in)classes4\(on)Wednesday5\(on)afarm6\pull(up)carrots7\alot(of)fruittrees8\live(in)atown9\(at)theweekends10\(in)thesittingroom11\(on)the4th(of)November12\look(at)them13\(in)theplayground15\(on)NewYear16\talk(with)hisstudents(in)holidays17\(on)ChristmasDay18\haveabiglunch(with)myfamily19\dress(up)(in)costumes20\(in)SeptemberorOctober21\(in)hisgrandpa?ˉshouse·??￡?￡?òμ??￡￡?￡??￡??′e??￡o289004608-?t??2010-6-1610:54?é′êá·?°()1.___theafternoonofMay,wevisitedtheoldman.A.OnB.AtC.In()2.Manypeoplework___thedayandsleep___night.A.on;atB.in;inC.in;at()3.HespeaksJapanesebest____theboystudents.A.betweenB.withC.among()4.Awolf___asheepskinisourdangerousenemy.A.withB.inC.on()5.Joanhopestocomeback___threedays.A.afterB.forC.in()6.Theysentthelettertome___mistake.A.byB.forC.with()7.Helefthome___acoldwinterevening.A.atB.onC.in()8.Shanghaiis____theeastofChina.A.inB.onC.to()9.____myfather?ˉshelp,Ihavefinishedmycomposition.A.UnderB.OnC.with()10.He?ˉsverystrict____himselfandhe?ˉsverystrict___hiswork.A.with;inB.in;withC.with;with()11.Ireallycan?ˉtagree____you.A.toB.onC.with()12.Theshopwon?ˉtopen___nineinthemorning.A.untilB.atC.during()13.Howabout___theflowersnow?A.wateringB.arewateringC.watered()14.Shespentallhismoney___books.A.inB.withC.on()15.Theyaretalking___lowvoices.A.withB.inC.on()16.It?ˉsverykind___youtohelpus.A.forB.toC.of()17.Whatwillyouhave___breakfastthismorning?A.withB.forC.by()18.Aplaneisflying____thecity.A.onB.overC.above()19.Youarefreetospeak___themeeting.A.atB.inC.on()20.Mr.GreenwillstayinChina___Friday.A.toB.onC.till()21.It?ˉswrongtoplayjokes___otherpeople.A.onB.ofC.with()22.Whichcolordoyoulike?Ipreferblue___red.A.forB.asC.to()23.Thestudentwillgiveusatalk___howtouseoursparetime.A.forB.onC.in()24.Ipaidtwohundredyuan___thatkindofbicycle.A.inB.forC.on()25.Thedoctorisverykind___hispatientsA.toB.onC.at()26.Wecan?ˉtlive___air.A.inB.withC.without()27.Thechildwasafraid___thestrangesound.A.atB.forC.of()28.Hewasveryangry___herforbeinglate.A.forB.withC.at()29.Whatdoyouthink___theplay?A.aboutB.likeC.of()30.Ithinkit?ˉstherightwaytoworkouttheproblem,butIamnotsure_____it.A.doB.aboutC.of()31.Reading___thesunisn?ˉtgood___youA.under;forB.in;forC.in;to()32.Iwon?ˉtaskaboutit,I?ˉmgoingtoseeit____myowneyes.A.byB.forC.with()33.Wegotoschooleveryday____Sunday.A.exceptB.withoutC.on()34.Thereisasmallriver___thetwotownsA.inB.betweenC.among()35.LiLeisometimesfallsasleep___thelesson.A.forB.throughC.during()36.Mr.BlackwenttoParis___afewdays.A.forB.inC.after()37.Theywillleave________Londonnextmonth.A.toB.fromC.for()38.Areyougoingtothezoo___busor___mycar?A.on;byB.by;inC.on;in()39.Hewokeupseveraltimes___thenightA.inB.atC.on()40.WetraveledovernighttoParisandarrived_______5o?ˉclock______themorning.A.on;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on()41.Where?ˉsLily?Weareallhere_______her.A.besideB.aboutC.exceptD.with()42.Shesentherfriendapostcard_______abirthdaypresent.A.onB.asC.forD.()43.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschool______theyearof2000.A.sinceB.inC.onD.by()44.Whatisawritingbrush,doyouknow?It?ˉs_______writinganddrawing.A.withB.toC.forD.by()45.Englishiswidelyused______travellersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.A.toB.forC.asD.by()46._____thehelpofmyteacher,Icaughtupwiththeotherstudents.A.UnderB.InC.WithD.On()47.HongKongis______thesouthofChina,andMacaois______thewestofHongKong.A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in()48.You?ˉdbetternotgooutnow.It?ˉsraining.Itdoesn?ˉtmatter.Mynewcoatcankeep______rain.A.inB.ofC.withD.off()49.Therearemanyapples___thetree.Abird___thetreeispickinganapple.A.in;onB.on;inC.in;at()50.?°Whoareyougoingtoplay____??±?°GradeTwo.?±A.aboutB.byC.against2???′e°?￡oACCBCABACACAACBCBCACACBBACCBCBBCABCACBABCBACDCADBCêy′êá·?°1.___girlstookpartintheSuperGirlcompetitionbutonlyfewofthemsucceed.A.OnemillionofB.MillionsofC.ThousandsandmillionsD.Twomillions2.CanIhelpyou?I?ˉdlike__formytwindaughters.A.twopairofshoesB.twopairsofshoesC.twopairofshoeD.twopairsofshoe3.Eachofushastowritea___reporteverythreeweeks.A.two-thousand-wordsB.two-thousand-wordC.two-thousands-wordsD.two-thousands-word4.Nowchildren,pleaseturntoPage__andlookatthe___picture.A.Twenty-three;fifthB.Twenty-three;fiveC.Twenty-third;fifthD.Twenty-third;five5.Excuseme,couldyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis?Thenearestpostoffice?Youwillhavetowalk_____.A.500-metresawayB.500meterfarC.500metresfartherD.500¨Cmetre-faraway6.Thisisabigclass,and______ofthestudentsaregirls.A.twothirdB.secondthreeC.twothirdsD.twothree7.Duringtheentrance(éy?§)exams,thereare____parentswaitingfortheirchildrenoutsidetheirtestcenter.A.thousandsofB.thousandofC.thousandD.thousands8._____peoplewillwatchBeijingOlympicGamesonTVin2008.A.MillionofB.MillionsofC.FivemillionsD.Million9.Howoldisyourson?____.Wehadaspecialpartyforhis____birthdaylastSunday.A.Nine;nineB.Nine;ninthC.Ninth;nineD.Ninth;nine10.Thisisthe__timein__daysthathehasmadethesamemistakes.A.second;thirdB.two;threeC.two;thirdD.second;three11.HowmanypeoplewillcometoBeijingfortheOlympicGamesin2008?It?ˉshardtosay__people,Ithink.A.MillionofB.MillionsofC.TwomillionsofD.twomillions12.Mother?ˉsDayfallson___SundayofMay.A.twoB.secondC.thesecond13.ItwasthesecondtimeforChinatosendamanned(??è?μ?)spaceshipintothesky,butitwasthe__timeforFeiJunlongandNieHaishengtogotothespace.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.last14.Katelivesin__.Mineisnexttohers.A.theroomfiveB.RoomFiveC.fiveroomD.roomfive15.Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmenthere?Wonderful!_____oftheland__coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;isC.Twofifths;areD.Twofifth;are2???′e°?￡oBBBACCABBDBCABA??′e??￡okitty_zsj-?t??2010-6-2317:11ò??￠??ó?à¨o??ú??μ±μ??é′êì????￡1.What?ˉsthis(at,on,in)English?2.Christmasis(at,on