高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語話題閱讀集訓(xùn)（五）個人情況

話題閱讀集訓(xùn)（五）個人情況Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·江西南昌第一次模擬)Iusedtoserveasanoceanlifeguard.Wheneverpossible,IgotshiftsworkingthePointknownforitsmassiveandnaturalripcurrents(離岸流)．Inashift,IwasworkingTower15.MikewasworkingTower17.Hephonedme,“Igotacoupleofkids.Ihavetogivethemawarning.Keepaneyeonus.”Assoonashehungup,hegrabbedhislifebelt.Aripwastornopenunderthesetwokids,andtheyweregettingsuckedin.AllIsawwastwosmallnosesmovingupanddowninthewavywater.Idroppedmybinoculars(雙筒望遠鏡)calling,“Doublerescue17—he'sout.I'mgoing.”Mikewasalreadyhittingthroughthesurfline.Realizingwhathappened,themotherwasonherfeetscreaming.Atthattime,Mikeswamsidewaysoutoftheripcurrentintotheclearwater.Exhausted,thechildrencouldn'tmove.SoMike'scarryingthem,oneundereacharm.Meanwhile,Isawtheterrorstarttoflowoverher.ShelookedatMike.Akindofpanicwashedoverherasthoughsomenew,equallydangerousthreatwasonherkids'lives.SherusheduptoMike,snatchedherkidsandwalkedaway.Notevenathank-you.Mikehadaroughupbringing.Hehadfrighteningtattoos,andhisshavedheadshowedthescarfromabrokenbeerbottle.Ididn'treallygetalongwithMike.Buteverythinghelackedinpersonalrelationshipskills,hemorethanmadeupforinlifesavingability.Havingayoungsonanddaughter,Icouldn'tevenimaginethedepthofherterror,soIsympathizedwithher.Anyway,IpromisemyselfIwillneverletmyownfearorprejudicepreventmefromrecognizingarealhero.語篇解讀：本文主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)的同事解救處于危險中的兒童的故事。1．AtthesightofMike,themotherfelt________.A．excited B．depressedC．a(chǎn)nxious D．terrified解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的第二句“Akindofpanicwashedoverherasthoughsomenew,equallydangerousthreatwasonherkids'lives.”可知，孩子的媽媽看到邁克時，感到很害怕，于是連一聲謝謝都沒有說就帶著被救的孩子離開了，故選D。2．Theunderlinedword“upbringing”inthesixthparagraphcanbeunderstoodas________.A．caring B．raisingC．treating D．building解析：選B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第六段的第二句“Hehadfrighteningtattoos,andhisshavedheadshowedthescarfromabrokenbeerbottle.”可知，作者的同事邁克身上有嚇人的文身，頭上有啤酒瓶留下的疤痕，故可推知此處應(yīng)選B。raise“撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育”。3．WhichwordcanbestdescribeMike'sact?A．Sociable. B．Courageous.C．Fierce. D．Unfriendly.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Anyway,IpromisemyselfIwillneverletmyownfearorprejudicepreventmefromrecognizingarealhero.”并結(jié)合第四段的整體內(nèi)容可知，同事邁克救助了處于危險中的孩子，他是勇敢的，故選B。4．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．AHeroinDisguiseB．ARescueinaRipCurrentC．PrejudiceAgainsttheLifeguardD．ATerrifiedandHelplessMother解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段“Anyway,IpromisemyselfIwillneverletmyownfearorprejudicepreventmefromrecognizingarealhero.”，并結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了背景和外貌不是很好的同事邁克勇敢救人的故事，故選A。indisguise“喬裝的”。B(2018·湖北高三第一次聯(lián)考)TheNobelPrizeWinnersinLiteratureRabindranathTagore(1913)Prizemotivation:becauseofhisdeepsensitive,freshandbeautifulpoetry,withperfectskills,hehasmadehispoeticthought,expressedinhisownEnglishwords,partoftheliteratureoftheWest.WilliamFaulkner(1949)Prizemotivation:forhispowerfulandartisticallyuniquecontributiontothemodernAmericannovel.ErnestMillerHemingway(1954)Prizemotivation:forhismasteryoftheartofnarrative,mostrecentlydemonstratedinTheOldManandtheSea.JohnSteinbeck(1962)Prizemotivation:forhisrealisticandimaginativewritings,biningsympathetichumourandkeensocialperception.SirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill(1953)Prizemotivation:forhismasteryofhistoricalandbiographicaldescriptionaswellasforbrilliantspeechskillsindefendingnoblehumanvalues.ClaudeSimon(1985)Prizemotivation:heinhisnovelbinesthepoet'sandthepainter'screativenesswithadeepenedawarenessoftimeinthedescriptionofthehumancondition.MoYan(2012)Prizemotivation:he,withdreamlikerealism,binesfolktales,historyandthecontemporary.BobDylan(2016)Prizemotivation:forhavingcreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幾位諾貝爾文學(xué)獎獲得者獲獎的原因。5.WhichwriterwonNobelPrizeforhispoetry?A．WilliamFaulkner. B．BobDylan.C．RabindranathTagore. D．ClaudeSimon.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“becauseofhisdeepsensitive,freshandbeautifulpoetry”可知，泰戈爾因其杰出的詩作而獲得了諾貝爾獎。6．WhichwriterwonNobelPrizeforhisspecificworkinsteadofhislifelongachievements?A．ErnestHemingway. B．JohnSteinbeck.C．WilliamFaulkner. D．WinstonChurchill.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“forhismasteryoftheartofnarrative,mostrecentlydemonstratedinTheOldManandtheSea”可知，海明威因其精煉的敘述技巧而獲得諾貝爾獎，代表作品是《老人與?！?。7．WhoseworkswillyouturntoifyouareinterestedinasongwritingNobelPrizewinner?A．MoYan's. B．BobDylan's.C．ClaudeSimon's. D．RabindranathTagore's.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“forhavingcreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition”可知，鮑勃·迪倫的作品與美國民謠歌曲之間有密切的聯(lián)系，結(jié)合題干可知，選B。8．Whodescribedreallifeexperienceinhishistoricworks?A．JohnSteinbeck. B．MoYan.C．ErnestHemingway. D．WinstonChurchill.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“forhismasteryofhistoricalandbiographicaldescriptionaswellasforbrilliantspeechskillsindefendingnoblehumanvalues”可知，丘吉爾是因其精通歷史和自傳以及優(yōu)秀的演講技巧而獲得了諾貝爾獎的，故選D。C(2018·福建福州市第一次聯(lián)考)JosephGoldbergerwasadoctorfortheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceandhewasanadvocateforscientificandsocialrecognitionofthelinksbetweenpovertyanddisease.In1914,GoldbergerwasaskedbyUSSurgeonGeneralRupertBluetostudyaskindiseasethatwaskillingthousandsofpeopleintheSouth.Thediseasewaspellagra(糙皮病)．GoldbergertraveledtothestateofMississippiwheremanypeoplesufferedfrompellagra.Hestudiedthevictimsandtheirfamilies.Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife.Thedoctorcametobelievethatthediseasedidn'tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.Hereceivedpermissionfromthestategovernortotestthisideaataprison.Prisonerswereofferedpardonsiftheytookpart.Onegroupofprisonersreceivedtheirusualfoods,mostlycornproducts.Asecondgroupatemeat,freshvegetablesanddrankmilk.Membersofthefirstgroupdevelopedpellagra.Thesecondgroupdidnot.ButsomemedicalresearchersrefusedtoacceptGoldberger'sidea.FortheSouth,pellagrawasmorethansimplyamedicalproblem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride.SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected(注射)withbloodfromapersonwithpellagra.Healsotookliquidfromthenoseandthroatofapellagrapatientandputthemintohisownnoseandthroat.Heevenswallowedpillsthatcontainedskinfrompellagrapatients.Anassistantalsotookpartintheexperiments.SodidGoldberger'swife.Noneofthemgotsick.JosephGoldbergerdiedofcancerin1929.Hewasfifty-fiveyearsold.Severalyearslater,researchersdiscoveredtheexactcauseofpellagra:alackofvitaminB3knownasniacin.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了美國醫(yī)生JosephGoldberger研究糙皮病的患病原因的過程。JosephGoldberger醫(yī)生的認(rèn)真、犧牲精神令人感動。9．WhowereeasytargetsofpellagraaccordingtoGoldberger?A．PeopleinAmerica.B．Peopleputintoprison.C．Peoplehavingapoordiet.D．Peopletouchingpellagrapatients.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife...thediseasedidn'tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.”，再結(jié)合Goldberger在監(jiān)獄進行的實驗的內(nèi)容可知，在JosephGoldberger看來，糙皮病和食物有關(guān)，而且患者大多生活條件差；再結(jié)合實驗中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了該病可知，不良的飲食容易導(dǎo)致人們患糙皮病。10．WhatdidGoldbergerwanttoprovebytheexperimentsmentionedinParagraph4?A．Pellagrawasn'tsoterrible.B．Pellagradidn'tspread.C．Pellagracouldbecured.D．Pellagrawasn'tamedicalproblem.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中提到的Goldberger認(rèn)為糙皮病不是傳染病以及第四段中提到的他為了證明自己的觀點而進行的實驗的內(nèi)容(將患糙皮病的人的血液注射到自己的體內(nèi)、將糙皮病病人的鼻腔和口腔中的液體放入自己的鼻腔和口腔以及吞咽含有糙皮病病人的皮膚組織的藥丸)和結(jié)果(他沒患病)可推知，Goldberger進行實驗是為了證明糙皮病不傳染。11．WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeGoldberger?A．Devotedanddetermined.B．Selflessandfriendly.C．Patientandexpert.D．Stubbornandenthusiastic.解析：選A推理判斷題。文中提到的Goldberger在監(jiān)獄及在他自己身上做實驗的內(nèi)容表明他全心全意地投入到對糙皮病的研究中，有奉獻精神；盡管一些人不認(rèn)可Goldberger的觀點，但他仍堅持自己的看法并堅決地去證明自己的觀點是正確的，這體現(xiàn)出他意志堅定。故選A。D(2018·山東六校高三聯(lián)考)Fourth-gradeteacherToriNelsonallowedoneofherstudentstoshaveherheadintheschoolyard,afterbullies(仗勢欺人者)teasedhimabouthisownbuzzcut.MsNelsongottheideaafternoticingthatMatthewFinney,ashyboyfromherhomeroomatWinlockMillerElementarySchoolinWashingtonState,wasstandingoutsidehisclassroomcryingandwearingawinterhat.MsNelsoncouldseethebackofhisneckhadbeenshaved,andsinceMatthewusuallyhadverythickcurlybrownhair,sherealizedthathe'dhadahaircutovertheweekend.Sheaskedhimwhatwaswrong,andhesaidhe'dgottenabuzzcutforthesummer.Butthismorning,afifthgraderonthebusmadefunofhim,andhedidn'twanttoetoclassandgetteasedbyotherkids.MsNelsontriedtoconvinceMatthewtoeinside,butsinceschoolrulesprohibitedkidsfromwearinghatsindoorsherefused—explainingthathewasafraidofshowinghishaircuttotheotherchildrenincasetheyalsomadefunofhim.“FinallyIsaid,‘Ifyoutakeyourhatoffandetoclass,I'llletyougivemeabuzzcuttoo，’”MsNelsontoldYahooParenting.“Ifiguredit'sjusthair,andmineisalreadyshortanyway.Imightaswellgetitshorterintimeforthewarmweather.”Matthewexcitedlytookherupontheoffer,andMsNelsonandanotherteachergatheredallthefourthgraderstogetherduringbreaktime.Aschoolemployeebroughtinscissors,whichMatthewusedtothecheersofhisclassmates,excitedlywatchingastheirteacher'shairfellawayontothegroundintheschoolyard.“Itwasalotoffunforthekids,andithelpedMatthewfeelbetterabouthimself，”saidMsNelson.“Youhavetodowhatittakestoreachchildren.Teachingisn'tjustaboutreadingandwriting;it'saboutself-worthandacceptingdifferences.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，講述了小男孩Matthew因新發(fā)型被其他孩子嘲笑而不敢進教室，女老師ToriNelson通過讓Matthew幫她剪同樣的發(fā)型來安慰、鼓勵他的故事。12．WhatmainlyledtoMatthew'sstandingoutsidetheclassroom?A．Hisfearofbeinglaughedat.B．Hisunwillingnesstolearn.C．Hisviolatingschoolrules.D．Hisnotfinishinghishomework.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句“explainingthathewasafraidofshowinghishaircuttotheotherchildrenincasetheyalsomadefunofhim”可知，Matthew不進教室的主要原因是他害怕被其他孩子嘲笑。故選A。13．WhydidMsNelsonhaveherheadshaved?A．ToshowsympathyforMatthew.B．TofortandencourageMatthew.C．Toprepareforthewarmweather.D．Toshowheruniquepersonality.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主旨以及第一段的內(nèi)容和第三段中的“Ifyoutakeyourhatoffandetoclass,I'llletyougivemeabuzzcuttoo”可知，Matthew因新發(fā)型而受到仗勢欺人者的嘲笑，因害怕也被同學(xué)嘲笑，他不敢進教室，Nelson老師想出了讓Matthew給她剪一個相同的發(fā)型的主意來幫助Matthew敢于面對他的同學(xué)，由此可知，Nelson老師這樣做的目的是安慰并鼓勵Matthew。故選B。14．WhatisMsNelsonlike?A．Responsibleandcaring.B．Knowledgeableandcreative.C．Humorousandeasygoing.D．Stoutanddetermined.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，Nelson老師在知道自己的學(xué)生Matthew因新發(fā)型遭到嘲笑，并暗自傷心，害怕也被同學(xué)嘲笑而拒絕進教室的情況之后，她決定讓Matthew當(dāng)眾為其剪同樣的寸頭發(fā)型，以此安慰并鼓勵Matthew，而不是將此事拋諸腦后，置之不理。由此可看出，Nelson老師是一位負(fù)責(zé)任的、關(guān)心他人的人。故選A。15．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TherealmeaningofteachingB．StanduptoschoolbullyingC．TeachkidstorespectdifferencesD．Ahaircutfulloflove解析：選D主旨大意題。縱觀全文可知，Matthew因新發(fā)型被學(xué)校里的仗勢欺人者欺負(fù)、嘲笑，進而使他因害怕被其他同學(xué)嘲笑而不敢進教室，女老師ToriNelson通過讓Matthew幫她剪同樣的發(fā)型來安慰、鼓勵他，使他最終有勇氣來面對這一欺凌現(xiàn)象。由此可知，D項為本文最佳標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測)IrememberthefirstdaywhenIsawSallyplayingbasketball.Iwatchedinwonderasshestruggledherwaythroughthecrowdofboysontheplayground.Sheseemedso__1__，butshemanagedtoshootjumpshotsjustovertheirheadsandintothenet.Theboysalwaystriedtostopher__2__nobodycould.IbegantonoticeSallyatothertimes,basketballinhand,playing__3__.Shepracticeddribbling(運球)and__4__overandover.OnedayIaskedSallywhyshe__5__somuch.Withoutamomentofhesitationshesaid,“Iwanttogotocollege.TheonlywayIcangoistogeta__6__.I'mgoingtoplaycollegebasketballandIwanttobethebestone.IbelievethatifIam__7__enough,Iwillgetone.Myfatherhastoldmethatifthedreamisbigenough,thefactsdon't__8__.”I__9__herthroughthosejuniorhighyearsandintohighschool.Everyweek,sheledherteamto__10__.Onedayinhersenioryear,Isawhersittingonthegrass,herhead__11__inherarms.Slowlyandquietly,Iwalked__12__andsatdownbesideher.“What'swrong？”Iasked.“Oh,nothing，”easoftreply,“Iamjusttooshort.”The__13__toldherthatat165cmshewouldprobablyneverplayforatopteam—stilllessshewouldbe__14__ascholarship—sosheshouldstopdreamingaboutcollege.Ifeltshewasextremely__15__.Iaskedherifshehadtalkedtoherdadaboutityet.Shetoldmethatherfathersaidthosecoacheswere__16__.Theydidn'tunderstandthe__17__ofadream.Thenextyear,Sallywasseenbyacollegebasketballcoachafterabiggame.Shewas__18__offeredascholarshipand__19__tothecollegeteam.Shewasgoingtogetthecollegeeducationthatshehad__20__andworkedtowardforallthoseyears.It'strue:ifthedreamisbigenough,thefactsdon'tcount.語篇解讀：本文主要講述了薩莉在自身條件不好的情況下不懈努力最終實現(xiàn)夢想的故事。1．A.silent B．smallC．strong D．huge解析：選B根據(jù)but的轉(zhuǎn)折意義并結(jié)合上文的“Iwatchedinwonderasshestruggledherwaythroughthecrowdofboys”可推知，薩莉個子很小，與第四段中的“Iamjusttooshort.”呼應(yīng)。2．A.but B．a(chǎn)ndC．so D．for解析：選A由空格前的“Theboysalwaystriedtostopher”和空格后的“nobodycould”可知，前后表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。3．A.still B．a(chǎn)gainC．well D．a(chǎn)lone解析：選D根據(jù)語境可知，作者經(jīng)?？吹剿_莉獨自打球。4．A.passing B．runningC．shooting D．struggling解析：選C由第一段的“butshemanagedtoshootjumpshotsjustovertheirheadsandintothenet”和空格前的“dribbling(運球)”可知，薩莉反復(fù)練習(xí)運球和投球(shooting)。5．A.studied B．practicedC．expected D．improved解析：選B由第二段的“Shepracticeddribbling(運球)and__4__overandover.”可知，作者問薩莉為什么要大量地練習(xí)球技。6．A.title B．prizeC．scholarship D．reward解析：選C根據(jù)第四段的“shewouldprobablyneverplayforatopteam－stilllessshewouldbe__14__ascholarship－sosheshouldstopdreamingaboutcollege”可知，薩莉努力練球是想拿到獎學(xué)金去上大學(xué)。7．A.