歐洲央行-數(shù)字歐元盤點(diǎn)和下一步行動(dòng)（英）

DIGITALEURO

Stocktakeandnext

steps

MeetingofCentralBankGovernors

oftheCenterforLatinAmerican

MonetaryStudies(CEMLA)

10May2024

PieroCipollone

MemberoftheExecutiveBoardoftheECB

AEuropeandigital

paymentsolution

foranyoccasion

Rationaleandkeydesignchoices

PaymentlandscapeinEurope

Declininguseofcash:theproportionofcashpaymentsfellfrom72%to59%(2019-2022);numberofbanknotesincirculationdecreasedforthefirsttimein2023.

Fragmentation:thereisnosingleEuropeanpaymentsolutionfordigitalpaymentsatthepointofsale

anywhereintheeuroarea.

Dependenceoninternationalproviders:13outof20euroareacountriesdon’thaveanationalcardschemeandrelyinsteadoninternationalschemesfordigital

payments.Theseschemesaccountfor64%ofall

electronically-initiatedtransactionswithcardsissuedintheeuroarea.

3

www.ecb.europa.eu?

Respondingtoevolvingpaymenttrends

Reflectingpeople’sincreasingpreferencefordigitalpaymentswhilestillofferingtheoptiontopaywithcash

Makingpeople’sliveseasier

Providingapublicdigitalmeansofpaymentthatpeoplecouldusefreeofchargeforanydigitalpaymentintheeuroarea

StrengtheningEurope’sresilience

PreservingEurope’sstrategicautonomywhilereducingourdependenceonnon-Europeanpaymentproviders

4www.ecb.europa.eu?

Adigitalformofcash

Adigitaleurowouldbringcash-likefeaturestothedigitalworld

Pan-Europeanreach

Free

forbasicuse

Respectfulofprivacy

Alsoavailableoffline

Issuedbythe

centralbank

5www.ecb.europa.eu?

Availableforalloccasions

Cash

DomesticEuroarea

Person-to-person

payments

Point-of-sale

payments

E-commerce

payments

*

*

*Onlyproximitytransactions,unlessmailingcash

**Whereaccepted

Nationalschemes

(cardoraccount-based)

DomesticEuroarea

Some

Some

Some

6

International

schemes(cardor

account-based)

DomesticEuroarea

**

**

**

**

Digitaleuro

DomesticEuroarea

www.ecb.europa.eu?

Whatwouldadigital

eurolooklike?

Keydesignchoices

Youreuro,yourchoice:diverseusecases,devicesand

technology

Usecases

Person-to-person

payment

Point-of-sale

payment

E-commerce

Connectivity

Online

Offline

Consumerdevices

Smartphone

Physicalcard

Webinterface

8

Consumerinterfaces

D€

Digitaleuroapp

PSP

PSPapp

Technologies

Internet

NFC

QRcodes

www.ecb.europa.eu?

E-paymentsolutions

Cards

Cash

Online

Offline

Availableonlineandoffline

Digitaleuro

9www.ecb.europa.eu?

Accessibleandinclusive:nooneleftbehind

Digitaleuropaymentscouldalsobemadeusingaphysicalcard;cashcanbeusedfordigitaleurofunding/defunding

Userswouldalwayshaveaccesstoface-to-facetechnicalsupportandtheoptiontoeasilyswitchintermediaries

Inadditiontopaymentserviceproviders,selectedpublicentitieswouldalsooperateasintermediariesforusersthatdonothaveabankaccount

10www.ecb.europa.eu?

Protectingyourdataandprivacy

State-of-the-arttechnologicalsolution

TheEurosystemwouldnotbeabletoidentifypeoplebasedonthepaymentstheymake–itwouldonlyseeaminimalsetofpseudonymiseddata

Strongdatasafeguards

TheEurosystemwouldimplementsafeguards,including

internaldatasegregationandauditing,toensurehighdataprotectionstandards

Flexibilitytoensurewearereadyforthefuture

TheEurosystemwouldadoptadditional,innovativeprivacy-

enhancingtechniqueswhenreadyandtestedforlarge

paymentssystems,fosteringhigherprivacystandardsfordigital

eurousers

11www.ecb.europa.eu?

Theinternationaldimension

Theinternationaldimensionisbeingfactoredintothedigitaleurodesignfromthestart

Initialfocusoneuroareausers

Projectresourcesarenowfocusedonthetimelydeliveryofthefirstreleasesofadigitaleuroaimedatmeetingthe

needsoftheeuroareamarket

Draftlegislationoutlinesframeworkforaccessoutsidetheeuroarea

?Temporaryaccessforvisitors

?Ad-hocagreementsforpermanentaccessfornon-euroareaindividualsandbusinesses

?Interoperabilitywillbefacilitated(atalaterstage)

12www.ecb.europa.eu?

Paymentservice

providersatthe

forefrontofdistribution

Public-privatecooperation

Digitaleurodistributionwouldbecarriedout

exclusivelybypaymentserviceproviders(PSPs)

PSPswouldmaintaincustomerrelations

PSPswouldbenefitfromdigitaleuroopenstandards

14www.ecb.europa.eu?

Sufficientsafeguardsincludedinthedigitaleuro’sdesign

Holdinglimits

(Reverse)waterfallfunctionality

nerationofdigitaleuro

Holdinglimitswillbecalibrated

pay

Abalancewillbestruckbetweentherighttoholdand

withdigitaleuroandtheneedtolimitbankdisintermediation

In-depthanalysisisongoing

Examinetheimplicationsfordifferentbanksandliquidityscenarios,keepingtrendsregardingbanknotesin

circulationinmind

Engagewithabroadrangeof

stakeholders,includingbanksandconsumergroups

15

Shareinformationaboutthework

conductedtoensure

transparency

www.ecb.europa.eu?

Adigitaleuro:pan-Europeanrailtracksforprivatesolutions…

…Offeringaplatformforinnovationforprivateproviderstobuildvalue-addedservices,suchasconditionalpaymentsortheoptionofsplittingabill

…Helpingtoavoidtheproliferationofschemesthatcoveronlypartoftheeuroareaandduplicatecosts,reducingtheirabilitytocompetewithinternationalschemes

…Enablingprivateretailpaymentsolutionstoleveragethedigital

euroinfrastructuretoprovidenewproductsinalleuroareacountries,whichcouldgiveusersaccesstoservicesthatmaynotyetbe

availableintheirdomesticmarket

…Reducingourdependenceonothernon-Europeanplayers

16www.ecb.europa.eu?

Adigitaleuroschemeisbeingdefinedwithbroadmarketinvolvementinorderto

representsocietyatlarge:

Intermediaries

Retailers

Consumers

RulebookDevelopmentGroup(RDG)

Adigitaleurorulebookwouldestablishcommonstandardsto:

Ensurepan-Europeanreachandaharmonisedpaymentexperience

Givemarketparticipantsthefreedomtodevelopinnovativesolutions

Enabledomesticinstantpaymentsolutionstoalsoachieveeuroareareach

17www.ecb.europa.eu?

Projecttimeline

Nextsteps

Investigationphase

October2021–October2023

Conceptdefinition,

technicalexplorationanddesignproposal

Nextphase

FromNovember2025

Potentialdevelopmentandrollout

Preparationphase

November2023–October2025

Mainexpectednextsteps:

?Finalisetheschemerulebook

?Selectserviceproviders

?Learnthroughexperimenting

?Divedeeperintotechnicalaspects,includingconductingfurtherresearchintoofflinefunctionsanddevelopingatestingandrolloutplanforthefuture

19www.ecb.europa.eu?

Theprojectwillevolveinparallelwiththelegislative

processtoensurereadinessintheeventadigitaleuroisneededinthefuture

TheECBstandsreadyto:

?Providetechnicalsupportasrequired

?Maketheappropriatedesignadjustmentsinlinewithlegislativedeliberations

AdecisiononwhethertoissueadigitaleurowillonlybeconsideredbytheECB’sGoverningCounciloncethe

legislationhasbeenadopted

20www.ecb.europa.eu?

Thankyou

Additionalsupportingmaterials:

?Updateddigitaleuro

FAQ

?Report

:Astocktakeonthedigitaleuro

?ECBopinion

ontheEuropeanCommission’sdigitaleuro

legislativeproposal

?Digitaleuro

twor

?Digitaleuro